Placement of Nozzles in Equipment
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Transcript of Placement of Nozzles in Equipment
Placement of nozzles in process equipment
By Pramod Dixit
Type of process equipment
• Columns• Heat exchangers• Air fin coolers• Tanks• Vessels• Separators• Bullets and spheres
Understanding tray geometry(most of the time controversy arises in columns being complex)
Nozzle Types
• Process nozzles
• Instrumentation nozzles
• Utility connections
• Safety connections ( safety valves, rupture disc)
• Man-holes and hand holes
Process Nozzles
• Feed• Intermediate Liquid or Vapor or Mixed feed• Reboiler liquid outlet • Reboiler vapor inlet• Reflux inlet• Product outlet• Sampling connection
Maintenance & Utility Nozzles
• Manhole• Hand hole• Drain• Steam • Nitrogen
Instrument Nozzles
• Level Gauge• Level controller• Temperature Gauge / transmitter• Pressure Gauge/ transmitter• Differential pressure recorders/ transmitter• Level switch• Safety valve
PG / TG connections
Thermowell
Thermowell
Pressure gauge
Thermowell to be in liquid
.Pressure
measuring nozzle in vapor
phase always
Placement of PG & Thermowell
Thermowell preferred, in
down comer 4” above the tray
Pressure gauge, 6” to 8”
below the tray
Alternate thermowell 2”
above tray plate
Feed inlet devices #1
Mix feed or vapor feed
Feed inlet devices (shoepetentor)
Partial liquid withdrawal
Partial liquid withdrawal nozzle to be
flush with pan plate
Seal Pan
Draw off pan
Intermediate Liquid feed for high delta “T” case
Insulating plate for avoiding
temperature shocks
Bottom levels
LT
LG
Vapor in
Partial withdrawal from a chimney tray
Partial draw off nozzle Manhole to see
that man can enter in the
column
Reboiler return to column(preferably to be parallel to seal pan)
Both are Wrong way
Right way
Vapor stream
should not directly hit
the seal pan
Reboiler return to column
Prefer Vapor inlet parallel to seal pan
Type of mistakes in nozzle placement
• Reboiler out and product out interchanged• Themowell clashing with down comer• Thermowell not in liquid phase.• Level instrument wrong placement.• Feed to reboiler pan wrongly oriented.• Demister below safety valve.• Liquid draw off not getting liquid.• Not able to enter thru manhole.
Manhole & hand hole
Hand holesOne at top of
packed bed for filling the packing
Other at lower level for packing removal
Manhole ( a suggested spacing
900mm min for man to enter)
Placement of demister
ManholeSize
min18”
Multi layer distributor
Such distributors need larger head room for a
man to work in side based on the design
Nozzle close to Demister
Small vertical vessels
Level instruments to clear the legs
JET MIXER in Tank
Jet nozzles
Swirl type jet mixer
Side entry mixer for Tank
CFD of mixer
Recommended orientation of mixers
Mounded bullet outlet
LPG outlet nozzle
Fire proofing & water spray on bullet dome
Nozzles on Bullet Dome
Fireproofing on Bullet Dome
3 Phase separator
Cut section of 3 phase separator
Setting of level instruments in 3 phase separator
HH water
H igh water HHL OilNLL water NLL oil
Low waterLL oil
Low low waterLLL oil
Vessel shell
Set points of level switches
Range for ILG & ILT
Range for LG & LT
Weir