PINGU and O(1) GeV cross-sectionsvipres/Koskinen_Pitt_cross-section_workshop_2012.pdf · • PINGU...

PINGU and O(1) GeV cross-sectionsD. Jason KoskinenKen ClarkFor the IceCube (including PINGU) Collaboration

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Flux Measurement and Determination in the Intensity Frontier Era Neutrino BeamsUniversity of PittsburghDecember, 2012

Koskinen & Clark - Pitt cross-section workshop - Dec, 2012 PINGU and O(1) GeV cross-sections

IceCube + DeepCore • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

• IceCube is ~1km3 of ice instrumented w/ ~5k DOMs• 86 vertical strings w/ 60 DOMs

per string

•DeepCore• 8 special strings plus 12 closest

IceCube-standard strings • Denser DOM and string spacing • O(10) megaton trigger-level

effective volume at tens of GeV• Higher quantum efficiency (HQE)

PMTs• Increases sensitivity at energies

< 100-200 GeV, and the neutrino physics that comes with it

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AMANDA

DeepCore

scattering

IceCube

DOM: Digital Optical Module


IceCube + DeepCore • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

• IceCube is ~1km3 of ice instrumented w/ ~5k DOMs• 86 vertical strings w/ 60 DOMs

per string

•DeepCore• 8 special strings plus 12 closest

IceCube-standard strings • Denser DOM and string spacing • O(10) megaton trigger-level

effective volume at tens of GeV• Higher quantum efficiency (HQE)

PMTs• Increases sensitivity at energies

< 100-200 GeV, and the neutrino physics that comes with it

2

AMANDA

DeepCore

scattering

IceCube

DOM: Digital Optical Module

IceCube + DeepCore has an extensive

physics portfolio which I am skipping


What’s Past DeepCore? • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

•What do we get if we push the neutrino energy reach to O(1) GeV while maintaing a multi-megaton scale size?• Improve ongoing DeepCore oscillation analysis ( numu disappearance, nutau

appearance, etc...)• Open up lower energy region for new analyses ( neutrino hierarchy)

3Mena, Mocioiu & Razzaque, Phys. Rev. D78, 093003

1st2ndeν µν τν

1ν2ν

3ν

122mΔ

232mΔ

eν µν τν

1ν2ν

3ν

122mΔ

232mΔ

2|e3

|U

2|3µ

|U

2|3τ

|U

or


Matter Effects & Neutrino Hierarchy • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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°) with Travel Through the Earth - 10 GeV, 179µν→µνP(

)µν

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)µν

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• Inverted/Normal hierarchy has up to a 20% difference in muon neutrino survival probability for specific energies and zenith angles (baselines)



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)µν

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→µν

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• Inverted/Normal hierarchy has up to a 20% difference in muon neutrino survival probability for specific energies and zenith angles (baselines)

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)µν

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Concept

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IceCube

• PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section


Concept

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IceCube DeepCore



Concept

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IceCube PINGUDeepCore



X (m)-100 -50 0 50 100 150 200

Y (m

)-150

-100

-50

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100PINGU Geometry V6 (Dozier)

IceCube

DeepCore

PINGU (HQE)

PINGU Geometry V6 (Dozier)

PINGU: Possible Geometry • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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• Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU)

• Using existing and familiar technology ( hot water drill, HQE PMT DOMs) to infill DeepCore with additional ~20 strings with shorter string-string spacing and DOM-DOM spacing

• Relatively quick, cost effective, huge and unique 125m 75m

26m

• 2 season deployment w/ additional ~1.5 years for procurement/shipping/refurbishing

• Preliminary, exploratory, estimate, to first order, etc... cost of < O(50M)$

• Megaton size at trigger level for GeV energies• Samples many angles, many baselines and

crosses the earth core• Atmospheric neutrinos are a free beam


PINGU Events • IceCube-DeepCore• PINGU• Cross-section

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DeepCore Only


PINGU Events • IceCube-DeepCore• PINGU• Cross-section

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DeepCore Only

DeepCore + PINGU•~20 vs. ~50 Hit Modules


Revisit Hierarchy w/ PINGU • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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*reproduction using of technique described in Akhmedov, Razzaque, Smirnov arXiv:1205.7071

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• Idealized case w/ perfect event ID, 100% event selection efficiency, no quality cuts and no background

• Evaluations of angular and energy resolution are ongoing

http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.7071



Revisit Hierarchy w/ PINGU • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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*reproduction using of technique described in Akhmedov, Razzaque, Smirnov arXiv:1205.7071

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[PINGU 1 Year]1/2)NH/(NNH-NIHN( )

smeared: 3 GeV in energy and11.25° in angular resolution

Preliminary

• Idealized case w/ perfect event ID, 100% event selection efficiency, no quality cuts and no background

• Evaluations of angular and energy resolution are ongoing




IceCube-DeepCore-PINGU • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

• IceCube physics and simulation were not originally developed with a focus on neutrinos < ~100 GeV• Important topics for different workshops (atmospheric flux models,

particle identification, bkg rejection, etc...)• Important aspect for this workshop is cross-section physics

•Why are we (IceCube) at a beam x-section workshop?• GENIE is already in simulation for IceCube-DeepCore• PINGU simulation studies are maturing and nearing contact with

known neutrino particle physics issues• With large statistics ( >100k numu triggers/year) and no near detector,

cross-section uncertainties from 2-10 GeV may be significant• If successfully realized, PINGU deployment will happen quickly

• Requires getting in contact with experts • Improvements in understanding and simulating cross-section don’t happen overnight

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Preliminary

Specific Example • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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No Hit Cut


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Preliminary

No Hit Cut


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Number of Counts in PINGU 1 Year - 20 Hit Cut

Preliminary

• A large region of neutrino hierarchy significance happens below 10 GeV

• Even after a rudimentary quality cut requiring > 20 hits, there are still tens of thousands of atmospheric neutrino events < 10 GeV

No Hit Cut


Conclusion • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

•Benefit of a rapid PINGU deployment turns into the curse of needing to know, incorporate, and address what we do not know sooner rather than later

•PINGU collaboration is starting to explore x-sections at O(1) GeV• Generators (GENIE, NUANCE, NEUT, ...)• Theory/Phenomenology (NLO, NNLO, PDF treatment, ...)• Relevant experimental data (MINOS, CCFR, NOMAD, ...)

•Additional• What about nutau uncertainties/predictions?

•Offline questions or comments are very welcome • D. Jason Koskinen ([email protected]) Ken Clark ([email protected])

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mailto:[email protected]




Koskinen & Clark - Pitt cross-section workshop - Dec, 2012 PINGU and O(1) GeV cross-sections 12

Backup


Oscillation • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

)µν

→ µν

P(

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0 180 deg. Zenith12685 km Baseline

GeV)10

Energy (Logµν1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

(meg

aton

)ef

fect

ice

Vic

eρ

0

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50DeepCore Trigger

IceCube Trigger w/o DC

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• IceCube + DeepCore will collect ~200k isotropic neutrinos at trigger level, tens of thousands have undergone oscillation


Oscillation • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

)µν

→ µν

P(

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0 180 deg. Zenith12685 km Baseline

GeV)10

Energy (Logµν1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

(meg

aton

)ef

fect

ice

Vic

eρ

0

10

20

30

40

50DeepCore Trigger

IceCube Trigger w/o DC

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• IceCube + DeepCore will collect ~200k isotropic neutrinos at trigger level, tens of thousands have undergone oscillation

OscillationMinima


IceCube Generators • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

•Current cross-section models available in IceCube Monte Carlo simulation

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CSS - Cooper-Sarkar, Mertsch & SarkarJHEP 1108 (2011) 042

http://inspirehep.net/author/Cooper-Sarkar%2C%20Amanda?recid=914199&ln=en

http://inspirehep.net/author/Cooper-Sarkar%2C%20Amanda?recid=914199&ln=en

http://inspirehep.net/author/Mertsch%2C%20Philipp?recid=914199&ln=en

http://inspirehep.net/author/Mertsch%2C%20Philipp?recid=914199&ln=en

http://inspirehep.net/author/Sarkar%2C%20Subir?recid=914199&ln=en

http://inspirehep.net/author/Sarkar%2C%20Subir?recid=914199&ln=en


GENIE • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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Atmospheric νe • PINGU Primer• PINGU• Cross-section

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• First observation of neutrino induced cascades in IceCube was completed using a DeepCore data selection

• Background subtraction (mis-ID’d numu CC, atm. muons and all NC) provides a atm. nue flux

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