Pies and Pastries
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Transcript of Pies and Pastries
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Pies and Pastries
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Chapter Objectives1. Prepare flaky pie dough and mealy pie dough.2. Prepare crumb crusts and short, or cookie, crusts.3. Assemble and bake pies. 4. Prepare the following pie fillings: fruit fillings using
the cooked juice method, the cooked fruit method, and the old-fashioned method; custard or soft fillings; cream pie fillings; and chiffon fillings.
5. Prepare puff pastry dough and puff dough products.6. Prepare éclair paste and éclair paste products.7. Prepare standard meringues and meringue desserts.8. Prepare fruit desserts.
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Pies hold a special place in North America, because the early settlers used to make pies daily, sometimes 21 per week, one for each meal
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Pie Doughs Ingredients
Flour Fat Liquid Salt
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Temperature
Pie doughs should be kept at 60o F (15o C) during mixing and makeup because:
1. Shortening has the best consistency when cool
2. Gluten develops more slowly at cool temperatures - a good thing
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Pie Dough Types1. Flaky pie dough2. Mealy pie dough
Trimmings - reworked scraps or trimmings are tougher than freshly made dough
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Other Pie Crusts Crumb crusts
Graham cracker Vanilla or chocolate wafer Gingersnap crumbs
Usually used for unbaked pies, such as cream pies and chiffons
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Other Pie Crusts (cont’d) Short-Dough crusts
A kind of cookie dough Richer than regular pie pastry, contains
butter, sugar, and eggs Used primarily for small fruit tarts
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Assembly and Baking Two groups
1. Baked pies - Raw pie shells are filled and baked
2. Unbaked pies – Baked pie shells are filled, allow to set, and served
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The Soggy Bottom These can be avoided in several
ways Use a mealy dough for bottom crusts Use high heat at the beginning of
baking Do not fill with hot filling Do not use dark metal pie pans, which
absorb heat
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Starches for Fillings Types:
Corn starch Waxy maize Instant starch
Cooking starches Sugar and strong acids reduce the
thickening powder, so add sugar and strong acids ater starch has thickened
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Fillings Fruit Fillings
Cooked Juice Method Cooked Fruit Method Old-Fashioned Method
Custard or Soft Fillings Cream Pie Fillings Chiffon Pies
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Fruit Filling Fruits for pie filling
Fresh fruit Frozen fruit Canned fruit Dried fruit
Fruits must have sufficient acid (tartness) for flavor reasons
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Custard or Soft Filling
Custards, pumpkin, pecan, and similar pies are made with a liquid filling containing eggs
The greatest difficulty in cooking soft pies is cooking the crust completely
Start pie on bottom rack at 425-450o F for 10 minutes then reduce heat to 325o-350o F to cook filling slowly.
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Cream Pie Filling Cream pie fillings are the same as
puddings The one difference between
puddings and cream pie fillings is that fillings are made with cornstarch
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Chiffon Pies Chiffon fillings are made by adding
gelatin to a cream filling or to a thickened fruit and juice mixture and then folding in egg whites and/or whipped cream
These preparations are the same as chiffon desserts, bavarians, and some mousses and cold soufflés
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Pastries, Meringues, and Fruit Desserts
Puff pastry used for napoleon and turnovers
Choux paste - used for éclairs and cream puffs
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Puff Pastry Puff pastry can rise 8x its thickness
when baked Puff pastry is a rolled-in dough It is difficult to prepare Has up to 1000 layers Butter is the preferred fat
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Blitz Puff Pastry Blitz puff dough is much easier and
quicker to make It does not rise as high as puff
pastry Not suitable for patty shells Bakes up crispy and flaky
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Éclair paste Éclairs and cream puffs are made from
éclair paste or choux paste (from pâte à choux, which means “cabbage paste”)
It is easy to make Should be used immediately In principle, éclair paste is similar to
popover batter Both are leavened by steam
Éclair paste must be firm enough to hold shape when piped
Bake at 425-475o F for 10 minutes, then reduce to 375-425o F
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Meringues
Beaten egg whites with sugar Used in North America for pie
toppings and cake icing
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Basic Meringues1. Common meringue - egg whites at room
temperature beaten with sugar2. Swiss meringue - egg whites and sugar
warmed over a double boiler while beating
3. Italian meringues - made by beating hot sugar syrup into egg whites – when flavored with vanilla, also known as boiled or icing
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Fruit Desserts Similar to pie or pie filling Special favorites include cobblers Fresh fruits, served plain, lightly
sweetened, or with cream