Piece by Piece…

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The Specifics of Analysis Piece by Piece…

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Piece by Piece…. The Specifics of Analysis. Analysis Defined…. Tears a text down into its parts and explains how those parts work together Examines a subject part by part The activity we engage in every time we listen, read, or take in sensorial impressions. The Act of A nalysis…. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Piece by Piece…

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The Specifics of Analysis

Piece by Piece…

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Tears a text down into its parts and explains how those parts work together

Examines a subject part by part

The activity we engage in every time we listen, read, or take in sensorial impressions

Analysis Defined….

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Analysis = SpecificsInduction = SectionsHypothesis = Focus

The Act of Analysis…

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TextualSociologicalPsychologicalMythologicalDeconstruction

Types of Analysis…

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The play’s the thing.-William Shakespeare, Hamlet

Textual Analysis…

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Examines the following….Work’s structureRhetorical techniques (irony, tone, etc…)Figures of speechSound devicesOther literary stylings

The Textual Method….

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Visual Traits: Look at the length of the paragraphs and the arrangement of lines and stanzas.

Syntax: Grammatical constructions. Consider the use of pronouns, verbs, adjectives, etc. Note the order of the subject, predicate, complements and modifiers

Sentences: Length and structure. Look at the number of words, kinds of sentences (simple, compound, complex, compound-complex), and sentence patterns. In poetry check out the line(meter) and stanza length.

Point of view: Speaker. Determine how the author chooses to tell the story. Does the point of view shift?

Specifics of Textual Analysis….

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Diction: Choice of words. Determine whether the words are formal or informal, concrete or abstract, connotative or denotative.

Sound Devices: Look for sound devices: assonance, consonance, alliteration, onomatopoeia.

Imagery: Word pictures. What mood does the imagery evoke? Examine the images for connotative or symbolic overtones.

Figures of speech: Literary devices: simile, metaphor, symbol, personification

Continue Textual Analysis…

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Structure: Arrangement of ideas: Look for chronological presentation, flashback, stream of consciousness, connection by suggestion, contrasts or comparisons. Is the piece primarily narrative, descriptive, or expository. If the piece is a poem, is it arranged in traditional structures, or is it free verse?

Tone: Tone is the attitude the speaker takes toward the subject matter, the emotional coloring of the work.

If, for instance, a friend tells you, “I’m going to get married today,” the facts of his statement are clear. But the emotional meaning may vary according to the tone of voice with which the statement is made. He may be ecstatic (“I’m getting married today!”); he may be incredulous (“I can’t believe it. I’m getting married today.”); he may be resigned (“Might as well face it: I’m getting married today.”); he may be in despair (“Horrors! I’m getting married today.”).

Continue Textual Analysis…

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Practice Time…..Design

I found a dimpled spider, fat and white,On a white heal-all, holding up a mothLike a white piece of rigid satin cloth --Assorted characters of death and blightMixed ready to begin the morning right,Like the ingredients of a witches' broth --A snow-drop spider, a flower like a froth,And dead wings carried like a paper kite.

What had that flower to do with being white,The wayside blue and innocent heal-all?What brought the kindred spider to that height,Then steered the white moth thither in the night?What but design of darkness to appall?--If design govern in a thing so small.

~Robert Frost

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Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.

~Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina

Sociological Analysis

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Concerned with the way social groups operate

Examine the nature of power inherent in all relationships

Targets groups of characters, isolating the conflicts and inadequacies in the arrangement and between individuals within and without those groups

Examine interactions within cultures Isolates the forces that create conditions

under which the characters operate

Sociological Analysis Defined….

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SOLDIER'S HOME, by Ernest HemingwayKrebs went to the war from a Methodist college in Kansas. There

is a picture which shows him among his fraternity brothers, all of them wearing exactly the same height and style collar. He enlisted in the Marines in 1917 and did not return to the United States until the second division returned from the Rhine in the summer of 1919.

There is a picture which shows him on the Rhine with two German girls and another corporal. Krebs and the corporal look too big for their uniforms. The German girls are not beautiful. The Rhine does not show in the picture.

By the time Krebs returned to his home town in Oklahoma the greeting of heroes was over. He came back much too late. The men from the town who had been drafted had all been welcomed elaborately on their return. There had been a great deal of hysteria. Now the reaction had set in. People seemed to think it was rather ridiculous for Krebs to be getting back so late, years after the war was over.

Practice time…

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Why then will you say that I am mad?~Edgar Allen Poe, The Tell-Tale Heart

Psychological Analysis

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An analysis of a character’s personality could be applied to characters and their motivations

Deals with the conflict between what a character unconsciously desires and a contrary desire on the part of the same character that violates social norms

Psychological Analysis defined…

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Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development Pre conventional stages-behavior motivated by

anticipation of pleasure or painPunishment and obedienceBartering and exchange

Conventional MoralityInterpersonal ConformityLaw and Order

Post conventional or principled moralityPrior Rights and Social ContractUniversal Ethical Principles

One Theory of Psychological Analysis…

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   TRUE! --nervous --very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I am mad? The disease had sharpened my senses --not destroyed --not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard all things in the heaven and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How, then, am I mad? Hearken! and observe how healthily --how calmly I can tell you the whole story.    It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night. Object there was none. Passion there was none. I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I think it was his eye! yes, it was this! He had the eye of a vulture --a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees --very gradually --I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever.   

~THE TELL-TALE HEART by Edgar Allan Poe (1843)

Practice Time…

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“Well, now that we have seen each other,” said the Unicorn, “if you’ll believe in me, I’ll believe in you.

Is that a bargain?”~Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland

Mythological Analysis

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HeroThe innocentThe tricksterThe warriorThe teacher/prophetWise fool/saint

JourneyInnocenceInitiationChaosResolution

Mythological Archetypes…

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The InnocentPossess an innate understanding that has little

basis in wisdom or knowledgeChild/Childlike

The TricksterDeception and playfulnessYoung teen/challenges the status quoCharms but teaches us

Hero…

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The WarriorFaces the system straight onAcknowledges the rules and matches his

strength against established boundariesThe Teacher/Prophet

Matured HeroUses experience and wisdom to guide others

Hero…

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Wise/Fool/SaintReturns to the state of innocenceLifetime of experience

******************************************************These archetypes appeal to our need to find means by which we might recapture some sense of paradise that we can no longer apprehend in our state of ignorance or prepare us for a future paradise.

Hero…

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  In the stage of innocence, the world and we are one.

We feel no division or separation from others, believing we are the center of the universe.

Suffering is minimal and short-lived, and death is a foreign concept.

For the most part, our lives are happy.

The Stages of the Journey… Innocence

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Three kinds of events can cause our fall from innocence: Death-Death tells us that someone we love dearly

can be separated from us; it tells us that no one, including ourselves, is immune. Our awareness of death is an awareness of our own mortality.

An Awareness of Evil- violates our belief in the fairness and justice of the world. We are left wondering what the good of good behavior is.

An awakening- creates intense desire within us, a desire that can either be frustrating or, in the event of a failed relationship, fulfilled and then retracted.

The Stages of the Journey… Initiation

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The state of chaos is where all art is created. It is the struggle of our existence to reconcile

the information revealed to us through the initiatory experience and move on despite our belief that the future holds only more pain and unrelieved suffering.

For many, the desire is to move backwards, to return to a state of innocence, to employ denial against what we do not want to acknowledge.

The true hero is not defeated by this knowledge, instead transforms it into wisdom.

The Stages of the Journey…Chaos

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The hero who advances to this stage does so with open eyes.

The hero is not that person who has learned how to evade the knowledge of the fall, but has instead integrated it into a wider, fuller, and truer vision of the world.

In literature, some heroes who fail to achieve the resolution of the final stage are: Huck Finn and Jay Gatsby

By contrast the heroes and, mostly, heroines of feminist and ethnic literature tend to find a way through the darkness to a kind of peace, usually finding aid through community.

The Stages of the Journey…Resolution

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Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain.~The Wizard of Oz

Textual Deconstruction

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Meaning behind the meaningDismantles the text into its component parts,

deconstruction examines the parts themselves-not what they mean but why were they selected

Why does the text exists at all and what the motive is behind its creation?

Staple of media studiesAnalysis = what does it mean?Deconstruct = what is its intent?

Deconstruction defined…

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Two Poems: You’re Missing and My Way Home

Lesson Wrap-Up

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First Step- complete a textual analysis on each poem.

Second Step- complete a sociological analysis on each poem.

Third Step- complete a psychological analysis on each poem.

Fourth Step- complete a mythological analysis on each poem.

Second Step- complete a deconstruction analysis on each poem.

What to do????

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Standards…(See Notes)