PIA 2501 Development Policy and Management Week Two: The Nature of the Debate.
PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.
-
Upload
rodger-moore -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
2
Transcript of PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.
![Page 1: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PIA 2501
From Planning to Human Resources- Part I
HRD: Training and Education for Development
![Page 2: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Danielle’s Discussion
![Page 3: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Prelude:
Millennium Development Goals
VIDEO
![Page 4: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Discussion: How Realistic?
![Page 5: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The “Chicken and Egg” Question
Human Resource Development versus Economic and Social Change
Which comes first?
![Page 6: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Thus the Issue: (Since 1976)
![Page 7: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Which Comes First?
The Administrative Challenge/capacity
It is very hard to change public sector structures or NGO focus
NGOs are easier but
It takes five years to educate a manager
![Page 8: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Human Resource Development
Recruitment
Discipline/Termination
Motivation
Education and Training
![Page 10: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Of these Recruitment
The Only Game in Town
![Page 11: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Recruitment: Three Models
Patronage and Political Appointments vs.
Representation vs.
Education (merit) Recruitment
By what standards?
![Page 12: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Recruitment
Representation vs. merit
Problem of the visible positions and the use of language
Professional Services: foreign service, military, police, technical-professional cadres each represent a separate set of issues
![Page 14: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Debate
![Page 15: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Representation
“Representative Bureaucracy”
Affirmative Action
Ethnic Arithmetic
“Africanization” or Malaysianization”
![Page 16: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Transformation
Affirmative Action and the Representation Model
Active vs. Passive change
Inducements to move people to the private sector
Contracting Out as an inducement model
![Page 17: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Recruitment:
Representation-merit vs. representation, continued
There are both political and economic demands made during and after a transition
![Page 18: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Patronage, But…
![Page 19: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Recruitment
Political, Merit and Representation Issues are all legitimate
The key issue: Can bureaucratic structures be used to promote socio-economic change and if so how should they be trained
What is the legitimate role for political set aside jobs (Schedule Two in U.S.)
![Page 20: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
HRD: The Transformation (1) Issues of discipline, termination
The life sinecure and problems of dead wood
(2) The role of participation in the HRD Development process: Self-discipline
Public and private sector professional associations, political parties, and trade unions
Grass Roots and Bottom Up Planning
3) The public vs. the NGO and the private sectors: who wins the HRD struggle?
![Page 21: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Shift of
Focus
![Page 22: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
HRD: The Transformation
Motivation:
Theory x vs. Theory y
![Page 23: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Motivation
Theory X:
Basic Needs: Money
Time in Motion
Frederick Taylor, Taylorism and Scientific Management
![Page 24: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Frederick W. Taylor and the Hawthorne Factory Floor
![Page 25: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Motivation Theory Y
Hawthorne Experiments- Chicago
Need to feel Human and part of social system
Consulting, Sensitivity Training, “Suggestion Boxes”
![Page 26: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Abraham Maslow The Full Hierarchy
![Page 27: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Maslov’s Hierarchy of Needs (Theory z)
First Level: Survival Needs--poverty culture and political uncertainty-Violation of the social contract
Second level: Non-economic motivations- Social and egocentric
Third Level: Self-actualization Ego-highest level
![Page 28: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
HRD Focus: Training vs. Education
Education: Pre-Service
Basic Education
Higher Education
Training: In-Service
![Page 29: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Training vs. Education
Pedagogy- Childhood Learning
Andragogy- Adult Centered Learning as Training
Knowledge vs. Skills
![Page 31: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Higher Education:The Great Faith Leap
![Page 32: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Differences: Child to Adult
![Page 33: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Terms
Human Resource Development
Social Development
Health
Education
Communities and Networks
![Page 34: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Terms Management Development
Long term disjointed learning process
Individual absorbs education and training through out his/her career
Overseas, University Education and Training Courses
![Page 36: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Professional Education Models
Public Management and
Non-Profit Management follow Business School Models
![Page 37: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Terms
Management Education
Classroom orient education
Focus on cognitive learning and knowledge acquisition
Not immediately applicable
![Page 38: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Terms
Management Training
Skills oriented
Job-Specific and organizationally related
Aimed at increasing individual’s ability to do his or her job
![Page 40: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Training Methods
Designer Training vs. Off the shelf
Facilitator vs. Trainer
Participatory vs. Lectures
![Page 42: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Approaches to Training
Formal Training
Lectures
Case Studies
Simulation
![Page 44: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
The Politics of Education?
![Page 46: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
PIA 2501
TEN MINUTE BREAK
![Page 47: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Approaches to Training
On-the job Training
Coaching
Mentoring
Job Rotation
![Page 48: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Coaching or Mentoring?
![Page 49: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Learning Cycle
Concrete Experiences
Observation And
Reflection
Active Experimentation
Abstract Generalization
![Page 51: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
On-the Job Behavioral Influences
Physical-climate-office-Food
Personal Characteristics
-Intelligence-Culture
Biological, etc
Environmental And Interpersonal
-Colleagues-Superiors
-Subordinates, etc.
Social-Educational
-Ideology-Social and Religious
Norms
BehaviorCharacteristics
![Page 52: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Approaches to Training
Action Training/Organizational Development (OD)
Field Analysis
Process Observation
Problem Diagnosis
![Page 53: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Field Agents and Training
![Page 54: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Approaches to Training
Non-Formal Training
Support Groups
Professional Associations
Study Circles
Travel and site Visits
![Page 55: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Sources of Training
International Institutes and Universities
Local Universities
Government Institutes
Private Institutes
Regional Institutes/Third Country Training
![Page 56: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Graduate School of Public and International Affairs
![Page 58: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Problems
International Boondoggles
Local Universities- Educate rather than train
The NIPA (National Institute of Public Administration) Problem- Dead End
![Page 59: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Problems
Bridging Training- Limited
Nuts and Bolts and Tunnel Vision
Paper Collection
Bounded Knowledge
![Page 61: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
The Transformation
Human Resource development planning: The Importance of a BASE LINE planning
Rule of Thumb: The Wider the target the less precise the planning
Key to Impact Assessment
![Page 63: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Base Line Planning
Macro-planning- Country Wide Sectoral Planning-single sector, eg.
agriculture Functional Planning- engineers Sub-national Planning- local level Institutional planning or
organizational- single unit Skills analysis- focus on individual
![Page 65: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Human Resource Development
Project vs. program management planning
Implementation, institutional capacity and assessment
Focus of HRD Efforts
![Page 66: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Human Resource Development, Development Management, Planning and Policy
The Focus of Education
Public administration vs. development administration
Potential for development administration
The role of NGOs and PVOs social movements, unions and cooperatives
![Page 68: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Problems
Expatriate Consultants- Lack Knowledge
All trainers- Rote Training, Off the Shelf
Ethnocentric Skills (U.S. or U.K.) dominate
Francophone or Spanish- Secondary
![Page 69: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
During the Cold War
![Page 70: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Human Resource Development: Who Pays
International Involvement: Scholarships, Training, Institutional Development
Part of Donor Activities: Technical Assistance and Training
![Page 71: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Training for Development
![Page 72: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Books of the Week.
V.S. Naipaul, Among the Believers
Jim Mayfield, Go to the People
China vs. Indonesia
Believers, Unbelievers
Secular vs. Religious Views of the World
![Page 73: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
From the University of Utah to Iraq
Jim Mayfield
![Page 74: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
V.S. Naipaul
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MAQswLNMW-I
![Page 75: PIA 2501 F rom Planning to Human Resources- Part I HRD: Training and Education for Development.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062803/56649f505503460f94c73579/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Week Nine: Where Do We Stand?