Adolescence Traditional views of adolescence Erikson Coleman’s Focal Theory.
Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4...
-
Upload
lenard-waters -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4...
![Page 1: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physiology of the female Physiology of the female reproductive systemreproductive system
![Page 2: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. 1. Different periods of FemaleDifferent periods of Female
Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence: menarche, age of 12-17 sexual maturity: begain 18, maintains for 30
years peri-menopausal period:begain 40, maintains for
10-20 years pre-menopause, menopause(last time of menorrhae), post-
menopause senility
![Page 3: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2.2.The definition of The definition of menstruationmenstruation
Menarche: the onset of the first menses
occurs about two years after the onset of pubert
occurs between 13 and 15 years of age
anovulatory for first two years
![Page 4: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The first day of menstrual bleeding is considered day 1 of the menstrual cycle
The length of menstrual cycle is 28 –30 days
The duration of flow is 2-7 daysThe volume of menstrual blood loss is
30ml-50mL(<80mL),darkness and nonclotting.
![Page 5: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Founction of ovaryThe Founction of ovary Produce oocyte Endocrine: produce female
hormone
![Page 6: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
3.3.Reproductive cycleReproductive cycleDevided into 3 phasesMenstruation: 1-4days the follicular phase:5-14 days a number of follicles developing, only one dominant follicle others become atretic ovulation:14th, releasing oocyte luteal phase: 15-28 days unless pregnancy
occurs
![Page 7: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1) 1) Development of ovaryDevelopment of ovaryOvarian cycle is divided into four phases
Development of follicles primitive folliclesprimary follicles secondary follicles antrun/ developing follicles maturity follicles ovulation corpus luteum corpus albican
![Page 8: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2)2)Ovarian steroid hormonesOvarian steroid hormones
Estrogensrise in plasma by 4th day of cycle from granulosa cells and theca cellsnegative feedback to FSHpositve feedback to LH
![Page 10: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Progesterone: from corpus luteum maximal production occurs 3-4 days
after ovulation and maintained for 11 days
negative feedback on FSH and LH
![Page 11: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
4.4.Clinical manifestations of Clinical manifestations of hormone changeshormone changes
1)Endometrium be sloughed to a basal level in menstruation proliferative phase: 5-14 days (stroma thickens,gland elongated) in follicular
phase, a maximal thickness in ovulation Secretory phase :15-28 days (stroma loose, edematous, vesseltwisted, gland tortous) in corpus luteum
![Page 12: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Menstrual phase:1-4 days Endomitrium is sloughed and bleeding onset
![Page 13: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2)2)endocervixendocervix
Cervical also changes in response to the reproductive cycle
Cervical gland secrete thin,clear,watery,mucus in follicular phase
maximal in ovulation
Mucus becomes thick,opaque,tenacious in corpus luteum phase
![Page 15: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
3)3)vaginavaginaThickening and maturation of the
surface epithelial cells responed to E2 in follicular phase
thickening and secretory changes of vaginal epithelium in corpus luteum phase
![Page 16: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
4)4)Hypothalamic Hypothalamic thermoregulating centerthermoregulating center
Progesterone shifts the Basal body temperature upward(BBT)
BBT record is a useful tool to evaluate the reproductive cycle
![Page 17: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
5.5.H-P-O axisH-P-O axis The control of menstruation is based
on a feedback loop of H-P-O axis Hypothalamus Producing GnRH(gonadotropin-releasing
hormone) be secreted in a pulsatile manner be a pulse generator of cycle be influenced by E and neurotransmitters
![Page 18: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
PituitaryProducing Gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) luteinizing hormone(LH)be protein hormones secreted by the
anterior pituitary glandbe pulsatile mannerbe influenced by E,P, and other factors
![Page 19: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ovaries ovarian sex steroid hormones
estradiol (E), progesterone(P)
![Page 20: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Feedback of H-P-O axisFeedback of H-P-O axis
Concept of feedback
the magnitude and the rate of GnRH, FSH, LH are determined by E, P,
negative feedback : resulting in decreased secretion ofGnRH FSH,LH
positive feedback: resulting in increased secretion of LH,which triggers ovulation
![Page 21: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Physiology of the female reproductive system. 1. Different periods of Female Neonatal period : 4 weeks childhood: 4 weeks to age of 12 adolescence:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f385503460f94c54aaa/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Key wordsKey words reproductive cycle menstruation ovarian cycle H-P-O axis feedback