PHYSICS & THE MOTION OF SPORT

Sports are jam packed with physics and motion!

Physics concepts such as: Motion, velocity, speed, acceleration, force,

inertia, mass, friction, gravity, powerare present in many sports!

PHYSICS AND SPORTS EQUIPMENT:

BASKETBALL BOUNCES -bounce pass,dribbling, shooting off backboard

FOOTBALL SHAPE OF FOOTBALL - enables the spiral pass - by reducing air resistance, therefore you can throw it farther

BASEBALL SEAMS on the baseball allow pitcher to throwdifficult pitches

GOLFBALL Has DIMPLES - helps air flow around the ball (therefore reduces air resistance, keeps pathflight straight)

AERODYNAMICCYCLING/SPEEDSKATING SUITS

Reduces air resistance to motion, also known as drag

THE PHYSICS OF A SOCCER BALL

NEW SOCCER BALL INCREASED DYNAMICS

TRADITIONAL BALL•Round shape, smooth surface • Result - Air would stick to front

of ball and slow it down

NEW BALL• Has dimples on surface - this redirects the air to flow around the ball, increasing speed by

20%• Less drag - Straighter/smoother

flights

How does the amount of air in a soccer ball affect how far it travels when struck

by the same force?

QUESTION

HIGHER AIR PRESSURE = improves the ball's rebound off the foot of a player. The ball deforms less during impact, so less energy is lost to deformation, therefore the ball will travel a greater distance.

PHYSICS OF HOCKEYTHE ICE • FAST ICE =

INTERACTION OF BLADE AND ICE SURFACE More FORCE/leg power provided by the skater =Less FORCE/leg power provided by the skater =

Surface of the blade is not flat, it is concave, this produces two sharp edgesEdges = increase players ability to dig into the ice - to stop, start or change direction

(HARDER/COLDER/SMOOTH SURFACE) LESS FRICTION

• SLOW ICE =

(SOFTER/WARMER) MORE FRICTION

FASTERSLOWER

THE EQUIPMENTSKATES = Blades = made of steel.

THE SLAP SHOTWEIGHT TRANSFER

CHECKING -Using physical FORCE to gain possession of the puck

Weight of player transfers from his/her back legs right through to the stick in his/her hands

The overall motion is combined with the stick snappingback, releasing ENERGY into the puck

LUGEFORCE is used to get sled moving

GRAVITY causes ACCELERATION

FRICTION between the ice and the sled

The WEIGHT of the luger places PRESSURE on the ice, melting it and creating a slippery layer of

water that helps REDUCE FRICTION

• EQUIPMENT - REDUCE FRICTIONAL FORCES:• Tight rubberized suits• Special helmets with rounded face shields• Aerodynamic sled design

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atwcIduYnfU

Choose ONE sport from this list:

Football Soccer BasketballCycling Snowboarding CurlingFigure Skating Surfing WeightliftingGolf Kayaking GymnasticsBaseball Tennis SkiingBowling Swimming BobsleddingVolleyball Skateboarding

PHYSICS & MOTION OF

SPORT - ACTIVITY

In groups of two - research the

physics/science of a particular sport:

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Motion Related Technology

Bicycle, snowmobile, skateboard, skates, wheelchairs,Planes, vehicles, kayaks, canoes etc.

MOTION RELATED TECHNOLOGIES

STOP WATCH - Used to measure time and

distance

TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS USED TO MEASURE MOTION

Motion Sensor - A device that uses sound waves to detect motion

Metronome - A mechanical or digital device used for marking

time for musicians

Ticker timer - A timing device which makes a series of dots on a paper tape as it is pulled

through a timer

TICKER TAPEUsed to analyze the MOTION of objects in physics labsA long tape is attached to a moving object and threaded through a device that places a tick upon

the tape at regular intervals of time

As the object moves, it drags the tape through the "ticker," thus leaving a trail of dots

Ticker tape can also reveal if an object is moving ata CONSTANT VELOCITY or ACCELERATING

MOTION RELATED

TECHNOLOGY

THE KAYAKA blend of ART and SCIENCE

SEA KAYAK Long, narrow and

built for speed• Less maneuverable, but fast in a straight

line• Glide further per

stroke

Common Materials - Plastic, wood or fiberglass

WHITE WATER KAYAK Short, wide, can turn

on a dime• Less stable, but far more maneuverable

ROLLERCOASTER PHYSICS

ROLLER COASTERS DO NOT HAVE ENGINES!The car is pulled to the top of the first hill, but after this the

coaster must complete the ride itself

The conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy is what drives the roller coaster

POTENTIAL ENERGY- Stored energyKINETIC ENERGY - Energy of motion- Ability to move.

HEIGHT OF FIRST HILL

There is a relationship between the height of the first hill and the

speed of the roller coaster

FREE FALL RIDESTHE RIDE TO THE TOP -

FORCE is applied to the car to lift it to the top of the free-fall

tower.

MOMENTARY SUSPENSION - The riders are suspended in the air for a brief moment in timeDOWNWARD PLUNGE - The car suddenly drops and beginsto ACCELERATE toward the ground

ROBOTICS = A branch of

Artificial Intelligence

ROBOTSDevices that can

respond to sensory

input

AIBOMade by: Sony (Japan)

AIBO stands for: Artificial Intelligent BotAIBO features a variety of

senses:Touch - Sensors on head, back, chin & paws.

Hearing - Pair of stereo microphones, voice recognition.

Sight - Color camera, distance sensors and facial recognition.

Balance - Keeps balance through acceleration sensors

Each AIBO begins life as a newborn puppy, over time it will develop its own unique

personality based upon how it is raised.

AIBO can take photos on command, these can be sent

via email or stored on his memory card.

AIBO can detect movement and sound

SO WHAT CAN AIBO DO?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKAeihiy5Ck&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqtsR-2Ph94&feature=related

TRANSPORTATIONAutomobiles, planes, boats, subways, trains, helicopters

etc.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-Me5FD_D0M&feature=PlayList&p=DDE86B2FEF7AD3F3&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=15

MASS TRANSPORTATION - Any kind of transportation system in which large numbers of people are carried

within a single vehicle

ADVANTAGES OF MASS TRANSPORTATION?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nPt-s2bg3c&feature=PlayList&p=DDE86B2FEF7AD3F3&index=17

TELESCOPE - Hubble Satellite

• Hubble has left a stunning

legacy of information to

astronomy researchers

over the years and continues

to produce more to this

very day.

http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/space/hubble.html

Takes high resolution images of planets, stars, galaxies and more

SPIRALGALAXY

SPACE

NEBULA

MARS

DYING STAR

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mmz5qYbKsvM

SO WHAT DOES IT ALL MEAN?

Answer each of these questions in a couple of sentences:

1. How does technology impact your daily life?

2. How will technology have an impact on your future?

4. Do you think that technology is a good or bad thing? Explain why.

3. What are some disadvantages and advantages associated with technology? (List 2 to 3 advantages AND disadvantages)

5. How do you think technology has anImpact on the environment?

CAN YOU THINK OF ANY OTHERS?

-Creation of new jobs

- Cost effectiveness- Communication

- Increased Productivity

- Advances in Health Care & Medicine

- Advances in Transportation - Shorter traveling

distances

-Unemployment-Loss of privacy

-Lack of job security-Kids are becoming

increasingly inactive-Can be

unreliable - prone to malfunctions

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MOTION

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=odGx5JajnHU&feature=related

The MOTION of objects can be described in

everyday words

ACTIVITY

Choose five different everyday objects that are in MOTION

(ex. Skateboards, vehicles, birds, dogs, wheelchairs, skis, roller blades, bicycles

etc.) Write down a description of the motion of each object in your own words.

For example: BIRD MOTION: Can fly fast, can fly slow, uses power produced by flapping wings to fly, flight can be smooth or sporadic, birds can

glide etc.

Motion is one of the key topics in physics

EVERYTHING IN THE UNIVERSE MOVES Even if you appear to be standing

still, the Earth is moving around the Sun, and the Sun is moving around

our galaxyMotion is one part of what physicists call

MECHANICS

Scientists have discovered several laws

that explain motion and the causes of changes

in motion

The physics of motion is all about FORCES

FORCES need to act upon an object to get it moving, or to change its

motionCHANGES IN MOTION WON’T HAPPEN ON

THEIR OWN

MASS is a measure of the amount of matter contained in a physical body

How fast an object moves, its SPEED or VELOCITY can be influenced by forces

ACCELERATION is a measure of how much the velocity of an object changes in a certain time

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HN7bRkHWMeY&feature=related

ACTIVITY

1. Crumple one of piece of paper into a small tight ball.Also obtain a flat sheet of paper.

2. Drop the crumpled paper and the flat sheet of paper at the same time from the same height.

3. Use careful observation to see if both pages land at the same time.

4. Repeat the procedure at least three times to ensure that your methods and observations are consistent and accurate.

ACTIVITY QUESTIONS1. Observation Results:

2. Does the crumpled paper, or the flat sheet of paper fallto the ground faster?

Crumpled paper falls faster.

3. Explain why the crumpled paper and flat paperdropped at a different rate.The paper falls slowly as it descends and moves from side to side because of the friction caused by the air resistance. The crumpled paper ball has less air resistance so falls quicker.

The flat sheet of paper falls slowly in a side to side motion. The paper ball drops straight to the floor quickly.

ACTIVITY 21. Drop a flat sheet of paper onto the floor from shoulder height

2. Drop a book onto the floor from the same height

3. Drop the book and the sheet of paper at the same time from the same height and observe the difference

4. Now place the paper on top of the book. With the same gravity working on the paper and the book, will the paper fall at the same rate as the book?

5. Drop the book with the paper on top of it(make sure the paper is smaller or equal in size to the book)

ACTIVITY 2 QUESTIONS

1. Write down your observations.

The sheet of paper fell slowly moving from side to side. The book dropped like a rock.

2. Describe how the paper fellThe sheet of paper will move from side to side when it falls and the air resistance will cause it to descend slowly.

3.Describe how the book fell

The book is heavier which allows it to overcome the air resistance so it fell more quickly.

4.When together why did the paper fall as fast as the book

There is no air under the paper and therefore no resistance, so it fell at the same time as the book.