WE CANNOT DISSOCIATE OURSELVES FROM THE WORLD OF

It is a way of THINKING.

It is the science of matter, energy, and its interactions.

It is EVERYWHERE!By: Khryzia Beatrize P. Montalbo

Aristotle generalized the common sense notion that an object cannot undergo motion without something that causes it to move as it does.

Galileo reasoned that an objectwill continue to move with constant

velocity if no external force acts to affect this motion.

This became the basis of the laws of uniformly accelerated motion.

*Their works were focused on the description of motion, while Newton’s study of motion was centered on the force that

causes the different states of motion of an object.

ARISTOTLE vs. GALILEO

Scalar quantity – has magnitude (a number and a unit of measure) onlyVector quantity – has magnitude and direction

*The resultant vector represents the sum of two or more vectors.

MEASUREMENTS and VectorsMeasurement is the process of comparing a quantity

with a chosen standard.Accuracy is the closeness of the value to the exact value.

Precision is the closeness of two measurements to each other.

Base Units - also known as fundamental units

Derived Units- obtained from the combination of fundamental properties

KINEMATICS DESCRIBES

QUANTITATIVELY HOW A BODY MOVES

THROUGH SPACE.

DYNAMICS ACCOUNTS FOR THE OBSERVED MOTION IN TERMS OF FORCES, ETC.

MOTION CONTINUOUS CHANGE OF POSITION WITH RESPECT TO A REFERENCE

POINT

Distance – total length coveredDisplacement – length from starting to final point

Speed – distance traveled by an object in a given time Velocity – rate of change of displacement

Acceleration – rate of change in velocity

PROJECTILE MOTION

-is a combination of vertical and horizontal motions that are completely independent of each other

-is the motion of a body with a constant acceleration

Projectile – is an object or body thrown with an initial velocity and whose motion is influenced by the pull of gravity

Trajectory – is the path of a projectile. It is determined by 2 types of motion: vertical and horizontal motions.

GIF Source: Physics Classroom

Air ResistanceAir is a source of friction (air

resistance). Too much air resistance is a hindrance to moving fast. The amount of air resistance depends on the size and shape of the object and on its

velocity.

ForcesBalanced Forces – equal forces that act on an object in

opposite directions, no acceleration, 0 net force; constant velocity or at rest

Unbalanced Forces – if one of the forces is greater that the other, may cause an object to start moving, change

speed, stop moving, or change direction.

Example Images from Physics Classroom

4 Fundamental Forces

1.Gravitational Force2.Electromagnetic Force3.Strong Nuclear Force4.Weak Nuclear Force

Torque = F x d┴

Newton’s Laws of Motion

First Law: Law of InertiaInertia – tendency of an object to persist in its state of rest or uniform

motion in a straight line

* An object in motion continues to be in motion while an object at rest remains at rest unless acted upon by an

external force. *

GIF Source: Physics Classroom GIF Source: www.bergentechstudents.org

Sir Isaac Newton

Second Law: Law of Acceleration

Acceleration ∝ Net ForceW= mg

* A net force acting on a body produces an acceleration which is in the direction of the force. This acceleration is

directly proportional to the force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the body. *

Image Source: dcpspublic.oncoursesystems.com

Third Law: Law of Interaction

Action Reaction

* For every force applied to a body, there is an equal and opposite force given back to the body. These two forces do not balance each other because these are not exerted on the

same body. *

Image Source: Physics Classroom

Image Source: physics.tutorvista.com

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