Physics Prelim 2010
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Transcript of Physics Prelim 2010
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6 One of the most significant advances in the source of domestic energy has been:
(A) large scale electrical generation.
(B) small, efficient nuclear power stations.
(C) the use of plantation timber as a source of fuel.
(D) the invention of solar panels.
7 The source of most magnetic fields used within household appliances is
electromagnets. This would be because they:
(A) are stronger.
(B) can be varied in strength.
(C) are weaker.
(D) are cheaper.
8 Which is the correct alternative?
Ammeters are
connected in
Voltmeters are
connected in
Ammeters
have
Voltmeters
have
(A) parallel parallel low resistance low resistance
(B) parallel series low resistance high resistance
(C) series parallel low resistance high resistance
(D) series series high resistance low resistance
9 Which of the following safety features is NOT designed principally to protect a
person from an electric shock?
(A) double insulation
(B) the earth wire
(C) a circuit breaker
(D) an earth leakage (residual) current detector
10 Which diagram shows the likely path of a car skidding on an icy patch of road?
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(A) (B)
(C) (D)
11 It can be stated that friction is acting on an aeroplane cruising at constant speed
because:
(A) the aeroplanes engines are still producing thrust (forward force).
(B) the aeroplanes speed is not changing.
(C) no noise is heard inside the aeroplane.
(D) without friction the plane would fall from the sky.
12 In which statement are the terms mass and weight used correctly?
Statement1. The weight loss program relied upon the participants losing 10 kg
each.
Statement 2. Bathroom scales measure a persons mass.
Statement 3. The astronauts feel much less weight on the Moon due to their mass
loss.
(A) none
(B) Statements 1 and 3
(C) Statements 1 and 2
(D) Statement 3
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13 What constant force in the direction of motion would be needed to give a stationary
spaceship a speed of 4.00 x 102 m s-1 if its mass is 6.80 x 104 kg within a distance
travelled of 3.00 x 106 m?
v 4.00 x 102 m s-1
u = 0
3.00 x 106 m
(A) 1.60 x 102 N
(B) 1.81 x 103 N
(C) 1.20 x 108 N
(D) 2.72 x 106 N
14 Which velocity versus time graph best corresponds with the displacement versus time
graph?
displacement
time
(A)
velocity
0 time
(B
velocity
0 time
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(C)
velocity
0 time
(D)
velocity
0 time
15 The concept of inertia is best illustrated by which of the following situations?
(A) a brick falling from a roof
(B) a ball being thrown upwards
(C) a barrel rolls off a truck as it goes around a corner
(D) the space shuttle is launched
16 In 1970, there were 8.0 deaths due to car crashes for every 10,000 vehicles on the
road in Australia. By 2005, this had decreased to 1.2 deaths for every 10,000 vehicles
on the road.source: Australian Transport Safety Bureau, 2007
The most likely reason for such a decrease in deaths per 10,000 vehicles is:
(A) drivers are, on average, older now.
(B) cars are relatively much more expensive than they were 35 years ago.
(C) our roads are built better than they were.
(D) cars have better safety features built into them now.
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Part B55 marks
Attempt Questions 21-32
Allow about 1 hour and 25 minutes for this part.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.
Question 21 (8 marks)
An investigation was performed to find the relationship between two variables labelled
V and W. The students conducting the investigations produced a table of results which is
shown below. The units of variables V and W were not given.
V W W2
1/W2
1.0 0.22 0.05 20
2.0 0.16 0.025 40
3.0 0.13 0.0167 60
4.0 0.11 0.0125 80
6.0 0.09 0.0833 120
a) Using the grid provided, plot the values ofW against V and then
complete the graph.
Marks
3
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Question 21 (continued)
b) Using your graph from part (a), estimate a value forW when V = 5.0.
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c) From the information supplied in the table of results and from the graph
in part (a), state the relationship between V and W.
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d) Give an example of a natural phenomenon that has the same relationship
as that identified between V and W, clearly describing the relationship.
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Question 24 (5 marks)
A circuit is to be constructed using the following:
a 12 volt battery two identical globes, each having a resistance of 2.0 an ammeter a voltmeter connecting wires
a) Draw a circuit diagram using all of the above apparatus so that when
connected, the voltmeter will read 6.0 V.
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b) Find the current flowing through the battery.
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Question 25 (3 marks)
A household uses 36 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy in one day. Assuming that the
supply voltage is 240 V, calculate the average current flowing into the house for this day.
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Question 26 (3 marks)
Using one household appliance as an example, explain how magnetic fields can be used
in a domestic application.
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Question 27 (4 marks)
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Most cars and small boats use a 12 volt electrical system. In the United States of
America the mains voltage is 110 volts, while in Australia it is 240 volts.
Discuss the reasons for having such a variety of voltages in electrical systems, including
safety considerations and problems with supplying sufficient power at low voltages.
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Question 28 (5 marks)
A large ship has run aground on the Great Barrier Reef. Two tugboats are attempting to
pull the ship off the reef. Their tow ropes are at an angle of 90o to each other. One rope
has a tension force of 6.0 x 104 N and the other has 8.0 x 104 N, as shown.
8.0 x 10
4
N
6.0 x 104 N
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Initially, the ship remains stationary for the first two hours, but then, when the tide
comes up, the ship floats free and is observed to begin to accelerate at 0.020 m s -2 while
the tugboats continue to pull.
a) Before being floated free, what is the net force acting on the ship?
Explain your answer.
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b) Calculate the mass of the ship (assume that there is no friction acting).
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Question 29 (6 marks)
An astronaut on a space walk loses her connecting rope that was tying her to the space
craft. Without panic, she throws her 1.0 kg spanner away from the space craft with a
speed of 5.0 m s-1. The mass of the astronaut and her space suit is 150 kg.
space craft
astronaut spanner
5.0 m s-1
150 kg
a) Explain why the astronaut threw her spanner away.
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b) Assuming the astronaut was stationary relative to the space craft before
she threw the spanner, with what speed will she move towards the space
craft?
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c) A rocket motor exerts a force of 500 N on a space craft for 3 minutes
exactly. By how much does the space crafts momentum change?
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