Physics 30 Practice Diploma - Wikispaces30examkey.pdf · Physics 30 Practice Diploma ... An alpha...

Copyright © Resource Development Services, Edmonton Public Schools 2009 1

Physics 30 Practice Diploma

Answer Key

This test consists of:

34 multiple choice questions worth 1 mark each 16 numerical response questions worth one mark each.

You have a total time of 2.5 hours to write this test.


Select the best answer and mark it carefully on your scantron sheet for the multiple choice and on the supplied answer sheet for numerical response. (1 mark each) 1. Identify the list below that contains only vectors.

A. speed, force, acceleration, electric field B. force, momentum, electric field, distance C. electric field, force, momentum, displacement D. force, velocity, distance, time

Use the following information to answer the next question.

Four free-body diagrams for a charged oil drop that is between parallel plates are drawn below. Match the appropriate free-body diagram with the description of motion in the questions that follow.

2. A negatively charged oil drop is initially at rest within a uniform electric field. Identify the free-body

diagram(s) that best describes its motion as it begins to travel downwards at a rate of 5.0 m/s2. A. 1 B. 2 C. 2 & 4 D. 4

Fg Fg Fg Fg

Fe Fe

Fe 1 2 3 4


3. A 250 g ball is travelling at 12.0 m/s to the south when it is hit by a bat and moves at 14.0 m/s to

the north. The ball’s impulse is: A. 0.50 kg•m/s, north. B. 0.50 kg•m/s, south. C. 6.5 kg•m/s, north. D. 6.5 kg•m/s, south.

4. Identify the true statement regarding quantities conserved during a collision.

A. Kinetic energy and momentum are both conserved in inelastic collisions. B. Only kinetic energy is conserved in elastic collisions. C. Kinetic energy and momentum are both conserved in elastic collisions. D. Only momentum is conserved in elastic collisions.

5. Determine the spacing of the rulings on an interference grating if the third order maximum is

observed to deviate 24° from the central maxima using monochromatic light of 528 nm. A. 1.75 × 10–6 m B. 5.83 × 10–7 m C. 1.30 × 10–6 m D. 3.89 × 10–6 m

6. Bungee jumpers jump off high platforms and are tied to ropes that have the ability to stretch

significantly in order to decrease the jumper’s maximum: A. speed by increasing the time to slow down. B. impulse by increasing the time to slow down. C. momentum by increasing the time to slow down. D. force by increasing the time to slow down.



Two point charges are arranged as shown in the diagram. Charge A is –5.00 µC and charge B is +7.00 µC.

The magnitude of the net electric field at point P expressed in scientific notation is a.bc × 10d N/C. The values of a, b, c, and d are _____, _____, ______, ______.

(Record all four digits of your answer in the numerical response section on the answer sheet.)

1. .

Numerical Response

P A

B

6.00 cm

6.00 cm N


Use the following information to answer the next question. A toy contains three different springs that cause the toy to come apart into three identical pieces that all move along the floor as shown in the diagram below. 7. The direction travelled by the third piece of the toy is:

A. 74° S of E. B. 87° W of N. C. 13° N of W. D. 74° N of E.

See scale diagram at end of exam

1.0 m/s

2.0 m/s

N

45°


8. A positively charged object is brought near the right side of a neutral metal sphere. Identify the

diagram that best describes the electrical state of the sphere.

Use the following information to answer the next two questions. Three identical objects, A, B, and C, are brought into contact with each other at the same time. Before contact, their charges are +6.00 µC, –4.00 µC, and +7.00 µC. After contact, objects A and B are removed and the object C touches a neutral sphere, D. Objects C and D are now separated by a distance of 40 cm. 9. Identify the sign of the charges on sphere C and D.

C D

A. positive negative

B. positive positive

C. negative positive

D. negative negative

When separated by a distance of 40 cm, the magnitude of the force between object C and D, expressed in scientific notation is b × 10–w N. The value of b is ____.

(Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

+ +

A. B.

C. D.

+ +

+ +

2. .

Numerical Response


3. .

Numerical Response

Use the information below to answers the next question. The picture below shows a section of the components of a computer hard drive. The read-write head (not shown) is attached to the end of the swing arm that moves when a current passes through the wires that are close to a strong magnetic field. 10. Calculate the force exerted on a section of wire 1.2 cm long carrying a 0.32 A current perpendicular

to a magnetic field of 0.42 T. A. 0.16 N B. 0.016 N C. 0.91 N D. 0.0091 N

Alison throws a 0.30 kg ball due east at 4.0 m/s. It collides head on with a 0.35 kg ball thrown by Anna at 5.0 m/s, due west. After the collision the 0.30 kg ball is travelling 1.9 m/s, due west. The speed of the 0.35 kg ball after the collision in scientific notation is b × 10–w m/s. The value of b is ____.

(Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

magnet

copper wire

swing arm


4. .

Numerical Response

Use the information below to answer the next two questions.

An electron is accelerated from rest across a potential difference between two parallel plates separated by 8.0 cm as shown in the diagram below. 11. Select the energies possessed by the electron at the 2.0 cm mark.

The current produced when an electron travels from one plate to the other, expressed in scientific notation is b × 10–w A. The value of b is ____. (Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Kinetic energy (eV)

Electrical potential energy (eV)

A. 100 300

B. 300 100

C. 100 100

D. 400 0

e–

400 V

2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 0 cm


5. .

Numerical Response

A 1.8 × 10–9 kg charged oil drop accelerates upwards in a vertical electric field of 600 N/C. When its acceleration is upwards at 3.0 m/s2, the charge on the oil drop expressed in scientific notation is b × 10–w C. The value of b is _____. (Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Use the following information to answer the next question. Positrons, all with the same constant velocity, are introduced into the magnetic field of a mass spectrometer. The strength of the magnetic field is varied and the resulting radii of the positrons’ paths are measured. 12. To analyze the results, a straight line is obtained by plotting radii on the y-axis. Identify what must

be plotted on the x-axis. Also identify the meaning of the slope of the straight line.

x-axis slope A.

B.

C. B

D.


Two charged objects, A and B, exert a force of 3.51 × 10–6 N on each other. If the distance between A and B is doubled, and charge A is doubled, the force between the two charges expressed in scientific notation, is a.bc × 10–d N. The values of a, b, c, and d are _____, _____, ______, ______.


Use the following information to answer the next question. An alpha particle approaches an electric field and a magnetic field as shown in the two diagrams below. 13. Identify the direction the force on the alpha particle while it is in each field.

Electric Field Magnetic Field

A. down out of page

B. up up

C. up out of page

D. down into page

Magnetic field

α2+

Electric field

α2+

6. .

Numerical Response


Use the information below to answers the next question.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN Switzerland is a high-energy particle accelerator built 100 m underground. It has a circumference of 27 km. It was constructed at a cost of 10 billion dollars and accelerates protons near the speed of light before colliding them together. By doing this, physicists can better understand the internal structure of protons and neutrons. Just as a better understanding of the role of electrons in atomic structure leads to advances in modern technology, it is hoped that a further understanding of the structure of matter will lead to continued advances. 14. High-energy particle accelerators are required to probe the internal structure of a proton because of

the: A. proton’s small size. B. electrostatic repulsive forces between two colliding protons. C. strength of the strong nuclear force. D. difficulty in isolating a proton from a nucleus.

15. A proton is travelling due east when it enters a magnetic field that is towards the south. Identify the

direction of the magnetic force acting on the proton. A. upwards B. downwards C. north D. west

16. Identify the situation below that would produce electromagnetic radiation.

A. a neutron accelerating from rest B. an electron travelling at a constant speed C. a proton travelling in a circle D. a stationary electron

An eight-sided mirror is used to measure the speed of light. The first image (minimum frequency) occurred when the mirror was rotating at 810 Hz. The separation distance between the rotating mirror and the fixed mirror expressed in scientific notation is b × 10w m. The value of b is ____.

(Record your three-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

7. .

Numerical Response


17. Select the list that contains sections of the EMR spectrum ordered from lowest to highest energy. A. infra-red, violet, orange, X-rays B. radio, yellow, blue, gamma C. radio, ultraviolet, blue, infra-red D. infra-red, green, red, gamma

18. The focal length of a lens is dependent on the: A. radius of curvature of the lens. B. refractive index of the material the lens is made from. C. shape of the lens and its refractive index. D. location of the object used.


19. The systems that would produce a virtual image are: A. i and ii. B. i and iv. C. ii and iv. D. iii and iv.

F F

iii.

ii.

F C

F F

iv.

i.

F C


20. The kinetic energy of photoelectrons is graphed as a function of frequency of incident light. Select the properly matched quantities.

y-intercept x-intercept slope

A. Planck’s constant work function threshold frequency

B. work function Planck’s constant threshold frequency

C. threshold frequency work function Planck’s constant

D. work function threshold frequency Planck’s constant

Light having a wavelength of 420 nm is incident on a metal surface having a work function of 2.3 eV. The kinetic energy of the photoelectrons, expressed in scientific notation is _____ eV. (Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

The momentum of a photon having a wavelength of 4.25 × 10–10 m, expressed in scientific notation is b × 10–w kg•m/s. The value of b is ____. (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

8. .

Numerical Response

9. .

Numerical Response



X-rays strike a metal plate causing the

ejection of electrons as shown in the diagram.

21. The wavelength of the scattered X-rays is: A. 2.29 × 10–13 m. B. 3.54 × 10–11 m. C. 3.50 × 10–11 m. D. 2.54 × 10–11 m.

22. A major problem with Rutherford’s nuclear model of the atom is that:

A. a nucleus cannot exist in close proximity to electrons due to the strong nuclear force. B. electrons must be treated as waves not as particles. C. Thomson had proven that atoms are solid and therefore cannot contain a nucleus. D. accelerating charges should produce EMR therefore creating an unstable atom.

23. Determine the deBroglie wavelength of an electron at its maximum speed after it has been

accelerated from rest across a potential difference of 1600 V. A. 1.29 × 10–18 m B. 1.29 × 10–11 m C. 3.07 × 10–18 m D. 3.07 × 10–11 m

scattered X-rays

e–

25.1°

metal foil

3.52 x 10–11 m X-rays


Use the information below to answer the next question.

Electron capture is a decay mode for some unstable nuclei. It occurs when there isn’t enough energy to emit a positron. In this type of radioactive decay, a proton in the nucleus attracts an orbiting electron. The electron collides with the proton in the nucleus thereby transmuting into a neutron and producing a neutrino.

55

26

Fe + e− ------->

55

27

Co + 24. The conservation law that can not be seen to be followed in the above reaction is the law of

conservation of: A. charge. B. nucleons. C. energy. D. momentum.

25. Identify the radiation that is most dangerous to living tissue.

A. ultraviolet B. beta C. alpha D. gamma

26. A nucleus of uranium-235 is hit with a low-energy neutron to produce barium-141 and krypton-92.

This process may be called: A. radioactive decay. B. fusion. C. fission. D. neutronic decay.


Use the following information to answer the next three questions.

Mercury gas is used in compact fluorescent lights (CFL). The mercury gas is placed in a sealed tubes and a high voltage between an anode and cathode causes the release of electrons. An electron released from the cathode may collide with another electron that is in the ground state of a mercury atom, thereby causing the production of a photon. Mercury gas is poisonous, so care must be taken not to break the lights.

Some of the possible transitions for an electron in a mercury atom are given in the energy level diagram shown on the right.

A passing electron that has a kinetic energy of 7.10 eV contacts the electron at ground state (n = 1) within a mercury atom.

When the maximum possible energy from the passing electron is absorbed, the electron within the mercury atom undergoes a transition from ground (n = 1) to level ____. When this electron returns to ground level a total of _____, different photons could possibly be produced. (Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Of all the photons that could be produced from the 7.10 eV passing electron the photon with the longest wavelength is b × 10–w m. The value of b is ____. (Record your two-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

10. .

Numerical Response

11. .

Numerical Response

ground state

–2.68 eV

–5.74 eV

–10.38 eV

ionization

–5.52 eV –3.71 eV

0 eV

n = 1

n = 3

n = 2

n = 4

n = 5

n = 6 –2.48 eV


27. Identify the type of spectra produced when the electrons collide with atoms of mercury to produce

photons. A. continuous spectra B. line-emission spectra C. line-absorption spectra D. blackbody radiation

Use the following information to answer the next question. Aaron conducts an experiment to determine the speed of light in a liquid by using the principles of refraction. Using a red pen laser he manipulates the angle of incidence and records the angle of refraction.

28. The speed of light in the liquid may be determined using:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Sine

of r

efra

cted

ang

le

Sine of incident angle

Sine of refracted angle as a function of sine of incident angle

1 air

2 liquid

θ

θ

v1 = 3.00 x 108 m/s

v2 = ?


Use the following information to answer the next 7 questions.

Alberta is part of the Pacific Northwest electrical energy grid that includes BC, Washington state, California and Mexico. A 500 kV line (along with a few smaller ones) goes through Crowsnest Pass, allowing electrical power to be shared between Alberta and BC. Electric power produced at a generating station cannot typically be stored; if Alberta is producing too much power we sell it to another area on the grid that had a shortage. When Alberta is experiencing a power shortage other areas on the grid sell us power. However, a problem on one part of the grid may cause problems on the other parts. When a power surge is detected, the generating stations must shut down before they are damaged or destroyed by the electrical surge. Problems can occur when either too much power or too little power is experienced in a part of the grid. Defective equipment, solar flares, and other factors may all contribute to the problems. The cosmic rays generated by solar flares consist of many different-charged subatomic particles travelling close to the speed of light. Solar activity, such as the generation of sunspots and solar flares, can have important implications to power grids. A solar storm on March 13, 1989 caused a transformer to overload and burn out. This plunged the province of Quebec into a blackout for nine hours and damaged other electrical equipment throughout North America. The Sulphur Mountain Cosmic ray station was built in 1956 to study cosmic rays generated by solar flares. It was shut down in 1978.


Use the following additional information to answer the next question.

Carbon dating is used to determine the age of plants and animals that used to be alive and is reliant on knowing the level of carbon-14 in the atmosphere at the time the organism was alive. This is dependent on the activity of the Sun. Cosmic rays are responsible for the production of carbon-14 in the atmosphere through the reaction below. This carbon-14 eventually enters living systems.

1

0

n +

14

7

N -------->

14

6

C +

1

1

p

29. The carbon-14 produced eventually decays into nitrogen-14, _____ and ______.

A. +

B. +

C. +

D. +

A 1.0 g sample of a living tree is analyzed for carbon-14 and found to emit 30.8 counts/minute on a Geiger counter. A 1.0 g sample from an artifact found at an ancient campsite is analyzed and found to emit 7.7 counts/minute. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. According to the radiocarbon data, the age of the artifact should be b × 10w years. The value of b is _____.


12. .

Numerical Response


Use the following additional information to answer the next four questions.

Protons that form part of the cosmic rays may collide with an electron from a nitrogen molecule in the atmosphere, producing a neutron and various secondary rays as shown in the diagram below. Pions (π) can be neutral, positive or negative; they have a short life; and some may change into two gamma photons that change into an electron and a positron in a process called pair production.

30. The charges on the pions are i _____, ii _______, and iii ____.

i ii iii

A. positive neutral negative

B. neutral positive negative

C. negative neutral positive

D. positive negative positive 31. Some of the pions decay into gamma ray photons which then change into an electron and a

positron as shown in the diagram. From this information it can be determined that the minimum possible mass of a pion (π) is: A. 1.022 MeV/c2. B. 2.044 MeV/c2. C. 9.11 × 10–31 kg. D. 1.67 × 10–27 kg.

e– e+

iii

π π

π

n

e– e+

µ−

proton

Proton collides with an electron in a nitrogen molecule

anti neutrino

i ii

Gamma photons


32. The wavelength of each gamma photon created through the decay of a pion is

A. 1.22 × 10–12 m. B. 2.43 × 10–12 m. C. 4.43 × 10–12 m. D. 3.43 × 10–12 m.

33. Free neutrons have a short half-life. A neutron that is part of the cosmic rays decays to produce a

beta-negative particle, A. udd quarks and a neutrino. B. uud quarks and an electron. C. udd quarks and an antineutrino. D. uud quarks and an antineutrino.


A photograph was taken showing the tracks of three subatomic particles from cosmic rays in a bubble chamber. The tracks are produced from a proton and an electron and positron as a result of pair production.

34. The direction of the magnetic field in the bubble chamber is:

A. into the page. B. out of the page. C. to the top of the page. D. to the bottom of the page.

Particles enter from here.

Fm

v



Two coils and two batteries are used to construct two electromagnets as shown in the diagram. 35. The arrow that best represents the direction of the magnetic field at point P is:

Use the following information to answer the next question. A conducting wire is forced to move into the page through a magnetic field, as shown in the diagram. 36. The direction of the induced electron flow through the wire is:

A. up. B. down. C. left. D. right.

magnetic field

e-

P

A. B.

C. D.


Use the following information to answer the next two questions.

A beam of hydrocarbon ions are accelerated across a potential difference of 1080 V and then passed perpendicularly through a magnetic field of 0.251 T. This results in a radius of curvature of 12.5 cm.

Use the following additional information to answer the next question.

Six out of the ten Physics principles from your data sheet are listed below.

1. Uniform motion (balanced forces) 2. Circular motion (unbalanced forces) 3. Work-energy theorem 4. Conservation of momentum 5. Conservation of energy 6. Conservation of charge

The two physics principles required to solve this problem (in the order used) are ______ and _______.

(Record the two digits of your answer in the numerical response section on the answer sheet.)

The ion’s charge-to-mass ratio expressed in scientific notation should be a.bc × 10d C/kg. The values of a, b, c, and d are _____, _____, ______, ______.


14. .

Numerical Response

13. .

Numerical Response


MC 7 Drawing a scale diagram is a faster method to obtain an answer.


Exam Stats

Question Answer % Correct Question Answer % Correct

1 C 19 C

2 B 20 D

3 D 21 B

4 C 22 D

5 D 23 D

6 D 24 D

7 D 25 D

8 D 26 C

9 B 27 B

10 B 28 B

11 A 29 A

12 D 30 A

13 C 31 B

14 C 32 A

15 B 33 D

16 C 34 A

17 B 35 B

18 B 36 A


Numerical Response

Question Answer % Correct

1 2157

2 1.3

3 5.7

4 1.2

5 3.8

6 1766

7 2.31

8 6.6

9 1.56

10 46

11 5.6 or 5.7

12 1.1

13 2 5

14 2196


Exam Analysis – Multiple Choice Question Knowledge Skills STS 1 A1.K, B2.1,

B2.2

2 B2.10k B1.3s, B2.3s 3 A1.2k 4 A1.3k, A1.5k 5 C1.10k 6 A1.2k A1.1sts 7 A1.4k 8 B1.3k 9 B1.1k 10 B3.8k 11 B2.8k, B2.9k 12 B1.6k B1.3s 13 B3.2k, B3.5k 14 D4.2k D4.3sts 15 B3.5k, B3.7k 16 C1.1k 17 C1.2k 18 C1.7k, C1.11k 19 C1.7k C1.3s 20 C2.3k 21 C2.6k 22 D1.4k, D2.1k 23 D2.6k 24 D3.4k 25 C2.2k, D3.1k 26 D3.5k 27 D2.3k 28 C1.6k, C1.11k 29 D3.2k 30 D3.4k 31 D3.6k 32 D3.6k 33 D4.3k 34 D4.1k 35 B3 36 B3.9k B3.1sts


Exam Analysis – Numerical Response

Question Knowledge Skills STS

1 B2.6k

2 B1.6k

3 A1.4k

4 B2.7k

5 B2.10k

6 B1.6k

7 C1.5k

8 C2.4k

9 C2.6k

10 D2.4k

11 D2.5k, C2.1k

12 D3.3k

13 B2.9k

14 B3.6k D1.3s D1.1sts,


Exam Analysis – By Unit UNIT A

UNIT B

UNIT C

UNIT D

A1.K A1.2K A1.3K, A1.5K A1.4K A1.4K A1.5K

B1.1K B1.1K B1.3K B1.6K B1.6K B2.6K B2.9k, B2.8k B2.10k B2.10k B3.1k B3.2k, B3.5k B3.6k B3.7k B3.9k B3

C1.10K C1.1K C1.2K C1.3s C1.4K C1.5k C1.6k C1.7K C1.7K C1.11k C2.2K, C2.3K C2.6K C2.4K C2.6K

D1.4k D2.1k D2.3k D2.4k D2.5k D2.6k D3.1k D3.3k D3.5k D4.1k D4.2k D4.3k

Exam Analysis – Marks Comparison

Date Exam Average Class Diploma Average

Provincial Diploma Average

January 2010

June 2010

January 2011

June 2011

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