Physics 121 12/10/10 - UMD Department of Physics - UMD Physics
Transcript of Physics 121 12/10/10 - UMD Department of Physics - UMD Physics
Physics 121 12/10/10
Prof. E. F. Redish 1
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We have a slight lead
over Hamilton’s classes
(52%-44%) but we are
nowhere near 70%!
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Average force of gas on the wall
= (# of molecules hitting the wall in the time t)
x (force each molecule exerts on the wall)
Fwall molecule = mvx
t= Fmolecule wall
Only the x-component matters.
All we need to figure this out is our three
basic equations, and a way to count
the number of molecules hitting the wall.
vx =x
t
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A
vx t
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N = n Volume( ) = nA vx t( )
px = 2m vx
n = number density
= # / unit volume
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v = vx2
+ vy2
+ vz2
= 3 vx2
vx = v / 3
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F = Np
t=
12 (nAvx t)
2mvx
t= nmvx
2A
Interpret
F = pA n =N
Vvx
2= 1
3 v 2
pA = 13
N
Vmv 2A
pV = N( 13 mv 2) = N 2
312 mv 2( )
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pV = nmolesRT
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N = nmolesNA
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pV = N 23 ( 1
2 mv2 ) pV = nRT
Make the N parts look alike.
n = N / NA
pV = NR
NA
T
Define: kB =R
NA
so pV = NkBT
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p = Nmvx2 kBT = 2
312 mv 2( )
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pV = nmolesRT
pV = NkBT
Chemist’s form
Physicist’s form
nmoles =N
NA
R = kBNA
p = nmvx2 3
2 kBT =12 mv 2
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