Physical vs. Chemical Changes in...
Transcript of Physical vs. Chemical Changes in...
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Physical vs.
Chemical
Changes in
Digestion
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What is Matter?
• Anything and everything!
• Has MASS and TAKES UP SPACE!
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Types of Physical Changes
• These changes only alter the APPEARANCE of the substance NOT their chemical composition!
– Change in shape
– Change in size
– Change in mass
– Change in the state matter
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Signs of Chemical Changes
• These changes alter the substance so that a new substance with NEW properties appears and is NOT easily reversible:
– Unexpected color change or odor
– Release of heat, light, or sound
– NOT easily reversible
– Produces gas or water, or formation of a solid
– NEW substance, with NEW properties
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Test your real world skills!
• Color/dye your hair- physical or chemical?
• Bake a cake- physical or chemical?
• Ice cubes melting- physical or chemical?
• Rust on a nail- physical or chemical?
• Food breaking down in your stomach acid- physical or chemical?
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The Digestive System
Purpose of the Digestive system:
• Breaks down food into substances that cells can absorb and use.
How is food digested?
– Breaking down of food into smaller pieces
– The mixing of food
– Movement through the digestive tract (friction)
– Chemical breakdown of the large molecules of food into smaller molecules
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Mouth • Teeth cut, break and grind food into smaller pieces…. physical(mechanical) digestion
• Chewing mixes the food with saliva, from salivary glands around the mouth and face, to make it moist and easy to swallow.
• Enzymes in the saliva begin chemical digestion of carbohydrates (sugars) for energy
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Esophagus
• A muscular tube
• It moves food by waves of muscle contraction called peristalsis.
• Physically moving the food along to the stomach.
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Stomach• The stomach lining
produces strong digestive juices (gastric acid), creating chemical reactions in the stomach, breaking down and dissolving its nutrients (proteins and fats)
• It physically breaks down food by churning (tossing) it around.
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Small Intestine
• Enzymes continue the chemical reactions on the food, digesting of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
• These nutrients are broken down small enough to pass through the lining of the small intestine, and into the blood (diffusion).
• Physically moves food to the large intestine.
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Pancreas
• Accessory organ (you don’t NEED it to live)
• Food does not go through the pancreas (think of it as a “shower” of mild acids that help break down food in your small intestine)
• Produces chemicals to help break down macromolecules
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Liver
• Produces bile (acid) to help chemically digest fat
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Large Intestine (Colon)
• Physically ABSORBS (soaks up) extra nutrients & water
• Forms wastes into solid feces (poop )
• Physically moves feces to the rectum/anus
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Rectum and Anus
• The last section of the digestive tract
• The rectum extends from the large intestine to the anus
• The anus is where feces is physically stored for elimination from the body.