Physical Science is Important to YOU!! Central to life? Affects us constantly!! –Motion: autos,...
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Transcript of Physical Science is Important to YOU!! Central to life? Affects us constantly!! –Motion: autos,...
Physical Science is Important to YOU!!
• Central to life?
• Affects us constantly!!– Motion: autos, sports– How our bodies function– Use and development of medicines– Technology that we rely on
Balloons
• What happened?
• Was there a difference?
• Why was there a difference?– An important word in this class and in
science--WHY
MAP of Henson Science Hall
row of windows
1st Floor
elevator
Can you get the same information from both
maps?
What is the difference between the two maps?
DRAWN TO DIFFERENT
SCALES
HS 103
Difference Between Two Maps
• Scale!!!
• See what appears to be different things when really looking at same thing
Scale
• Some common scales in science– Macroscale– Microscale– Nanoscale
• Which is bigger, an object that is easily measured on the macroscale or an object that is easily measure on the molecular scale (nanoscale)?
Balloons
• What happened?
• Macroscopic vs nanoscale
• Chemical ReactionBefore After
H H
H HO O
HO
HO
H
H
Scale
• Which scale most important?– Microscopic and macroscopic behavior
determined by objects at the nanoscale level
A Closer Look at the Nanoscale
• Consider ice from a nanoscale view
This is a tiny piece from the block of
ice
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
• If divided over and over, eventually reach smallest particle that is a particle of ice
• the water molecule
to have water (solid, liquid, or gas) must have THIS particle
this is the fundamental particle of water
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
• a molecule has two or more atoms chemically combined (through covalent bonds)
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
If we have these
Although we have some hydrogen atoms and some oxygen atoms present (as we do in water), we DO NOT have water here
Hydrogen Molecules
Oxygen Molecules
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
• The fundamental particle identifies whether substance is an element or compound
• Elements– substances that consist of only one type of
atom – have only one type of atom in their fundamental particle
– hydrogen, oxygen, or mercury for example
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
• Compounds– two or more different types of atoms
chemically bound together in the fundamental particle
– ice for example• Fundamental particle of ice is a molecule
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
• Substances (samples) in the real world will contain LOTS of fundamental particles
• Whether or not these particles are all the same or different determines whether the substance is a pure substance or a mixture– mixtures have more than one type of fundamental
particle present– pure substances have only one type of
fundamental particle present
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
• It is true that all substances are made of atoms, but the atom is not necessarily the fundamental particle of the substance
• Based upon the fundamental particles present in a sample, substances may be classified into the following categories– element, compound, pure substance, mixture
Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle
In summary• Fundamental Particles may be
– Atoms– Molecules– (not talk about now – ions)
• Samples/substances may be classified by fundamental particles– Element– Compound– Pure Substance– Mixture
• Examples to try (Page 14)