Physical Growth of a Child
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Transcript of Physical Growth of a Child
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Group Members:
Nazratul FarehaNurul Izzati
Umie kalthum
R. Varshini
Tutorial Week 5 : Stages of ChildDevelopment & Related DevelopmentalTheories
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Physical Growth of a Child
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Prenatal stage:
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Factors that influence the growth during
prenatal
Pregnant mothers age Mothers health
Nutrition
Drug intake- medication
Alcohol intake Parents lifestyle
Mental/emotional state of the mother
Cleanliness
Effect of x-ray Rh- factor in blood
Prayer from parents
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Infant stage:
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INFANT
Infant- is aged from 0-12 months
During the first 2 years, the body
grows more rapidly than at any timeafter birth.
By the end of the first year the infant's
length is 50 percent greater than itwas at birth,and by 2 years of age it is
75 percent greater.
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NUTRITION
Babies need breast milk as their basicnutrition at least until the age of 2years.
Promotes facial structure development
enhanced speech
straighter teeth enhanced vision
Twenty-five percent of an infant'scaloric intake is devoted to growth.
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Increased bone density
Decreased risk of tooth decay
The varying composition of breast milk
keeps pace with the infant's individualgrowth and changing nutritional needs
Increases the bone mineral content
more than formula milk (contains palmolein oil that decreases calcium and
fat absorption)
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Bone Mineral Content (BMC)
http://jn.nutrition.org/content/134/3/691S/F1.expansion.html
Retrieved on: 1/2/2012
http://jn.nutrition.org/content/134/3/691S/F1.expansion.htmlhttp://jn.nutrition.org/content/134/3/691S/F1.expansion.html -
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SLEEPBabies up to age 6 months need
about 16 to 20 hours of sleep a day.
This time is broken up to shorter sleepperiods
CNN Health reports that a growth
hormone produced sporadicallythroughout the day is released steadily
during sleep periods
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SOCIOECONOMY
Better childcare good parentingskills, vaccination, medication
More nutritious supplement
Based on the studies by FreeUniversity Hospital, Amsterdam, over
the last century, socioeconomic factor
have induced a taller stature and amore rapid maturity in Europe, North
America, and Australia
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HEREDITY
According to the University of Minnesota,genetics have a strong effect on rate ofgrowth, the size of body parts and theonset of growth events.
When environmental conditions areadequate,
height and rate of physical growth are
largelydetermined by heredity
Weight is also affected by genetic make-
up.
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PLAYTIME
Babies need time on the floor topractice rolling over, stretching,
crawling and sitting
Sturdy furniture to practice pulling upand walking
Grasping toys to strengthen fine motor
muscles in the hands, fingers andwrists
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Child stage:
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Early adolescence stage:
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Factors that influence the growth during
early adolescence
Nutrition
Activity and interaction
A sufficient amount of sleep
Genetics
Environment
Free play
Exercise
Body mass index
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Physical changes in early
adolescent
Girls Boys
Begin develop breast Grow facial hair
Start their periods Having regular nocturnal emissions
Have a rapid growth in height Rapid growth in height at the age of
17
Gain in weight & increase in body fat Gain weight rapidly & increase in
muscle mass
The voice changes Their voice changes