physical Features of INDIA.ppt

7/25/2019 physical Features of INDIA.ppt

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TOPIC PHYSICAL

FEATURES OFINDIASUBMITTED BY:

VIBHU DHANDA

IX A

22

SUBMITTED TO:MRS. REENA

SOCIAL SCIENCE PROJECT


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INTRODUCTION INDIA is a vast country with varied landor!s"

Our country has #ractically all !a$or #hysicaleatures o the earth i"e" MOUNTAINS,PLAINS, DESERTS, PLATEAUS ANDISLANDS. India is a lar%e land!ass or!eddurin% di&erent %eolo%ical #eriods which hasin'uenced her relie to its #resent or!"

The !ove!ent o the #lates results in (uildin%o stresses within the #lates and thecontinental roc)s a(ove* leadin% to folding,faulting and volcanic activity.


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Image !o"ing#


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CLASSI+ICATION O+ PLATE

,O-E,ENTS .roadly* these #late !ove!ents are classi/ed into three

ty#es" They are0 $ON%ER&ENT 'OUNDAR(

1hile so!e #lates co!e towards each other and they or!conver%ent (oundary"

DI%ER&ENT 'OUNDAR( So!e #lates !ove away ro! each other and or!

diver%ent (oundary" TRANS)ORM 'OUNDAR(

In the event o two #lates co!in% to%ether they !ay eithercollie and cru!(le or one !ay slide under the other" Atti!es they !ay also !ove hori2ontally #ast each other andor! transor! (oundary"


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Types Of Tectonic Plates Accordin% to the theory o tectonic #lates the crust

o the earth has (een or!ed out o so!e !inor#lates and seven !a$or #lates" The !o!ents o the#lates results in (uildin% u# o stresses within the#lates and continental roc)s a(ove* leadin% tofolding, faulting, and volcanic activity. .roadlythese #late !ove!ents are classi/ed into threety#es" 1hile so!e #lates co!e towards each otherand or! conve*gent +ounda*y" So!e #lates!ove away ro! each other and or! dive*gent

+ounda*y.In the event o two #lates co!in%to%ether they !ay either collide and cru!(le* or one#late !ay slide under the other" At ti!es they !ayalso !ove hori2ontally #ast each other and or!t*anfo*m +ounda*y"


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So!e !ore inor!ation3

The oldest land!ass* 4the Peninsula #art5* was a #art o 6ondwana

land" The 6ondwana land included India* Australia* South Aricaand South A!erica as one sin%le land!ass" The convectionalcurrents s#lit the crust into a nu!(er o #ieces* thus leadin% to thedritin% o the Indo7Australian #late"The northward drit resulted inthe collision o the #late with the !uch lar%er Eurasian #late" Dueto this collision * the sedi!entary roc)s which were accu!ulated inthe %eosyncline )nown as the Tethys were olded to or* the

!ountain syste! o western Asia and 8i!alayas" The 8i!alayanu#lit out o the Tethys sea and su(sidence o #eninsular o thenorthern 'an) o the #eninsular #lateau resulted in the or!ationo a lar%e (asin" In due course o ti!e this de#ression %radually%ot /lled with de#osition o sedi!ents (y the rivers 'owin% ro!the !ountains in the north and the #eninsular #lateau in thesouth" A 'at land o e9tensive alluvial de#osits led to the or!ationo the northern #lains o India" The land o India dis#lays %reat

#hysical variations" 6eolo%ically* the Peninsular #lateauconstitutes one o the ancient land!asses on the earth surace"The northern #lains are or!ed o alluvial de#osits" The #eninsular#lateau is co!#osed o i%neous and !eta!or#hic roc)s with%ently risin% hills and wide valleys"


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T8E 8I,ALA:AN

,OUNTAINS The 8i!alayan ,ountains ran%es contain

several hi%h #ea)s" ,ount Everest is thehi%hest #ea) in the world" The 8i!alayan

,ountains stretch in a lon% curve or!Ja!!u and ;ash!ir in the west toArunanchal Pradesh in the east" Theirlen%th is a(out


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T8E 8I,ALA:AN RAN6ES The 8i!alaya consists o three #arallel ran%es in its lon%itudinal

e9tent" A no" o valleys lie (etween these ran%es" The northern!ost ran%e is )nown as the 6reater or Inner 8i!alayas or the@8i!adri" These ran%es are the !ost continuous with avera%ehei%ht o B=== !eters"

The ran%e lyin% to the south o the @8i!dari or!s the !ostru%%ed !ountain syste! and is called @8i!achal or Lesser8i!alaya" The ran%es are !ainly co!#osed o hi%hly co!#ressedand altered roc)s" These ran%es are >== to ?== !eters hi%hand = )!s wide" They have the Pir Pan$al* Dhaula Dhar*,aha(harata ran%es and ;ash!ir* ;an%ra* ;ullu valleys"

The outer!ost ran%e o the 8i!alayas is called Shiwali)s" They

e9tend over a width o =7= )!s and are F==7== !eters hi%h"These ran%es are co!#osed o unconsolidated sedi!ents (rou%htdown (y rivers ro! the !ain 8i!alayan ran%es locate arthernorth" The lon%itudinal valley lyin% (etween lesser 8i!alayas andthe shiwali)s are )nown as Duns" The .hra!a#utra !ar)s theeastern !ost (oundary o the 8i!alayas"


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SO,E 8I68EST PEA;S O+

8I,ALA:ASPEA;S COUNTR: 8T" IN !eters

,t" Everest Ne#al GG?G

;anchen$un%a India GFG

,a)alu Ne#al GG?

Dhaula%iri Ne#al G these were na!ed as La)shadwee#" It covers s!all areao >< s )!" ;avarati island is the ad!inistrative headuarters o

La)shadwee#" This island %rou# has %reat diversity o 'ora andauna" The Pitti island which is inha(itated has a (ird sanctuary"The elon%ated chain o islands located in the .ay o .en%ale9tendin% ro! north to south are called Anda!an and Nico(arislands" They are (i%%er in si2e and are !ore nu!erous andscattered" The entire %rou# o islands is divided into two (roadcate%ories" The Anda!an in the North and the Nico(ar in theSouth" It is (elieved that these islands are an elevated #ortion osu!!er in !ountains" These island %rou#s are o strate%ici!#ortance or the country" These is %reat diversity o 'ora andauna in these islands too" These islands lie close to# euator ande9#erience euatorial cli!ate and has thic) orest cover"


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TAN/(OU

physical Features of INDIA.ppt

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