Physical Body - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
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01/01/2014 Phy si cal body - Wi k i pedi a, the fr ee ency cl opedi a en.wikipedia.org/w iki /Phy sical body 1/3 Phys ical bod y From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In physics, a physical body or physical object (sometimes simply called a body or object) is a collection of matter with some common attributes, most important, the spatial location. Examples of models of physical bodi es i n cl u de, bu t ar e n ot limit ed to a part icle, several interacting smaller bodies (particles or other), and continuous media. The common conception of physical objects includes that they have extension in the physical world, although there do exist th eories of quantum ph y si cs an d cosm ol ogy which may challenge this. In modern physics, "extens ion" is under stood in terms of the spacetim e: rough ly speak ing, it means t h at for a given moment of time the body has some location in the space, although not necessarily a point. A physical body as a whole is assu med to have such quantitative proper ties as m ass, momentum, electri c charge, other conserving quantities, and possi bl y other quantities. A body with known composition and described in an adequate physical theory is an example of physical system. Contents 1 In classical physics, mechanics, quantum physics, and cosmology 2 In psychology 3 In philosophy 4 In new age philosophy, mysticism and religion 5 See also 6 External links In classic al physics, mechanics, quantu m ph ysics, and cosmology Further information: Phy sics , Classi cal mechani cs , and String theory A physical body is an ob ject wh i ch can be described by the theories of classical mechanics, or quantum mechanics, and experimented upon with physical instruments. This includes the determination of trajectory of position through space , and i n some cases of orien tation i n space, over a duration of ti m e, as well as means to change these, by exerting forces. In classical physics, a physical body is a body with mass, not only energy, is three dimensional (extended in 3- dimensions of space), has a trajectory of position and orientation in space, and is lasting for some duration of time. It is the subject of study in an experiment and is the object referred to in a law of physics, or physical theory. It can be considered as a whole, but may be composed of a collection of smaller physical bodies, e.g. a weight, ball, proton, or planet. For instance, the force of gravity will accelerate a body if it is not supported, thus causing a change of its posi ti on (th at i s, i t f al l s f reel y ). Howe v er, i t i s n ot n ecessar y f or t h ere t o be f orces prese n t f or an object posi ti on to change - only the rate of change of the object's position, that is, its velocity, will change under the influence of forces.
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Transcript of Physical Body - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
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Physical bodyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In physics, a physical body or physical object (sometimes simply called a body or object ) is a collection of matter with some common attributes, most important, the spatial location. Examples of models of physical
bodies include, but are no t limit ed to a part icle, several interacting smaller bodies (particles or other), andcontinuous media.
The common conception of physical objects includes that they have extension in the physic al world, althoughthere do exist theorie s of q uantum physics and cosmology whic h may challenge this. In modern physics,"extens ion" is under stood in terms of the spac etime: rough ly spe ak ing, it means t hat for a given moment of timethe body has some locati on in the space, although not necessarily a point. A physical body as a whole isassumed to have s uch quantitative proper ties as m ass, mo mentum, electri c charge, other conserving quantities,and possibly othe r quantities .
A body with known comp osition and described in a n ad equate phy sical theory is an example of physical system.
Contents
1 In classica l physics, mechanics, quantum physics, and cosmology2 In psychology3 In philosophy4 In new age philosophy, mysticism and religion5 See also
6 External links
In classical physics, mechanics, quantum physics, and cosmology
Further information: Physics, Classical mechanics , an d String theory
A physical body is an ob ject which ca n be describe d by the theories of classical mechanics, or quantummechanics, and experimented upon with physical instruments. This includes the determination of trajectory of
posit ion through sp ace, and in some cases of orientation in space, over a duration of time, as well as means tochange these, by exerting forces.
In clas sical p hysics, a physical body is a body with mass, not only energy, is three dimensional (extended in 3-dimensions of space), has a trajectory of position and orientation in space, and is lasting for some duration of time. It is the subject of study in an experiment and is the object referred to in a law of physics, or physicaltheory. It can be considered as a whole, but may be composed of a collection of smaller physical bodies, e.g. aweight, ball, proton, or planet.
For instance, the force of gravity will accelerate a body if it is not supported, thus causing a change of its position (that is, it falls freely). However, it is not necessary for there to be forces present for an object positionto change - only the rate of change of the object's position, that is, its velocity, will change under the influence of forces.
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But in Quantum physics and Cosmology, there is a debate as to whether some elementary particles are not bodies, but are mere points without extension in physical space within space-time, or are always extended in atleast one dimension of space as in String theory or M theory.
In psychology
In some branches of psychology, depending on school of thought, a physical body is a physical object with physical properties, as compared to mental objects. In (reductionistic) behaviorism, a physical body and its properties are the (only) meaningful objects of study. While in the modern day behavioral psychotherapy it is stillonly the means for goal oriented behavior modifications, in Body Psychotherapy it is not a means only anymore,
but its felt sense is a goal of its own. In cognitive psychology, physical bodies as they occur in biology arestudied in order to understand the mind, which may not be a physical body, as in functionalist schools of thought.
In philosophy
Further information: Ontology and Metaphysics
A physical body is an enduring object that exists throughout a particular trajectory of space and orientation over a particular duration of time, and which is extended in the world of physical space, e.g. as studied by physics.This contrasts with abstract objects such as mathematical objects which do not exist at any particular time or
place. Examples are a cloud, a human body, a weight, a billiard ball, a table, or a proton. This is contrasted withabstract objects such as mental objects, which exist in the mental world, and mathematical objects. Other examples that are not physical bodies are emotions, the concept of "justice", a feeling of hatred, or the number "3". In some philosophies, like the Idealism of George Berkeley, a physical body is a mental object, but still hasextension in the space of a visual field.
In new age philosophy, mysticism and religion
In some systems of mysticism, such as Theosophy, the physical body is understood as the last of several progressively denser "vehicles of consciousness". In Blavatskyian Theosophy it is called by the Vedantic name
thula sarira - "gross body" - and distinguished from the linga sarira , the "subtle body" or astral double. In C.W. Leadbeater and Alice Bailey, the physical body is distinguished from the etheric body, which serves as its"blueprint", and structures of the etheric body, such as chakras, are mirrored in the main glands and nerveganglia of the physical body.
In some religions, and in some new age philosophies, a physical body is contrasted with the self, mind, spirit,soul, or astral projection, and sometimes with an heavenly body. It is ephemeral in time, not eternal. It may bewhat houses the spirit or soul, and it is what is left behind in an astral projection, or ascention into heaven. A
physical body exists on earth, not in heaven, not in the astral world, nor in the aether.
See also
Deformable bodyHuman bodyObject-Oriented ProgrammingRigid body
External links
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01/01/2014 Physical body - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Theory of Abstract Objects , Stanford University (http://mally.stanford.edu/theory.html)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical_body&oldid=585851395"Categories: Concepts in metaphysics Concepts in physics Mechanics Ontology Physical objectsPhysical systems
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