Phylum Arthropoda Julie, Neema, Prachi Patel & Shiwani Desai.
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Transcript of Phylum Arthropoda Julie, Neema, Prachi Patel & Shiwani Desai.
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Phylum Arthropoda
Julie, Neema, PrachiPatel
&Shiwani Desai
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Definition: A phylum containing arthropods, an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed appendages.
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3 Classes
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InsectaAnts
Butterflies
Bees
Flies
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Crustaceans
Shrimp
Crabs
Lobsters
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Arachnids
Scorpions
Spiders
Mites
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3 Germ Layers
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• Ectoderm Outermost layer of germ cells Develops into skin and nervous
tissue
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• Mesoderm Middle layer of germ cells Connective tissue, bones,
muscles, and the circulatory system develop
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• Endoderm Innermost layer of germ cells Lining of the digestive and
respiratory system
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Symmetry• Bilateral the left and right sides of
the arthropod body are mirror images of one another
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Coelom• A cavity lined by an epithelium
derived from the mesoderm layer. • Organisms that form inside the
coelom freely move, grow, and develop independently of the body wall.
• In arthropods it is reduced; consists only of a small cavity surrounding the reproductive excretory organs.
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Cephalization• Cephalization- the concentration of sensory
tissues in the anterior part of the body (head).• Arthropods typically have highly sophisticated
heads possessing numerous appendages, sensory organs, their brain, and their mouth
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Digestive Tract• The digestive tube is complete,
containing a mouth and anus. • The digestive tract varies greatly in
structure, depending upon the diet and feeding mode of the animal.
One example of a digestive tract with a mouth, and anus.
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Grasshopper Digestive Tract Diagram
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Segmentation• The embryos of all arthropods are
segmented• Built from a series of repeated
modules
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Skeleton• Has an exoskeleton made from chitin• Serves as protection and provides
places for muscle attachment• Skeleton doesn’t grow with them
Pillbug shedding exoskeleton
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Appendages• Jointed appendages antennae,
mouth parts, legs• Function as limbs• Some vanish or are highly modified
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Circulatory System
• Open circulatory system– blood is pumped forward by the
heart, but then flows through the body cavity, directly bathing the internal organs
• Dorsal heart– belonging to, on, or near the back or
upper surface of an animal or organ
Dorsal view of the heart.
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Respiratory System• Aquatic arthropods (crustaceans) possess
gills for respiration– Gills are outgrowths of the skin
• Terrestrial arthropods possess trachea and book lungs as respiratory organs– Book lungs- chambers with leaf-like plates for
exchanging gases
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Respiratory System of a grasshopper
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Reproduction• Some arthropods lay eggs and are noted
for prolonged maternal care• Some arthropods have organs of both
sexes• Due to presence of exoskeleton the growth
of an arthropod is periodical
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Habitat• Worldwide– Deep sea– Coastal waters– Rivers and Streams– Land– Grasslands
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FUN FACTS!!•About 84 percent of species known are arthropods•No two human beings have the same fingerprint; likewise, no two spider webs are the same.•A typical bed usually houses over 6 billion arthropods (dust mites)• Ants don't sleep•Each year, insects eat 1/3 of the earth's food crop.•Mosquitoes prefer children to adults, blondes to brunettes and their favorite color is blue