PHP introduction

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2010.10.07 SLIDE 1 IS 257 – Fall 2010 PHP introduction University of California, Berkeley School of Information IS 257: Database Management

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PHP introduction. University of California, Berkeley School of Information IS 257: Database Management. Lecture Outline. Review Databases for Web Applications – Overview ColdFusion DiveShop in ColdFusion PHP DiveShop in PHP More on MySQL and SQL. Lecture Outline. Review - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of PHP introduction

Page 1: PHP introduction

2010.10.07 SLIDE 1IS 257 – Fall 2010

PHP introduction

University of California, BerkeleySchool of Information

IS 257: Database Management

Page 2: PHP introduction

2010.10.07 SLIDE 2IS 257 – Fall 2010

Lecture Outline• Review

– Databases for Web Applications – Overview• ColdFusion

– DiveShop in ColdFusion• PHP

– DiveShop in PHP• More on MySQL and SQL

Page 3: PHP introduction

2010.10.07 SLIDE 3IS 257 – Fall 2010

Lecture Outline• Review

– Databases for Web Applications – Overview• ColdFusion

– DiveShop in ColdFusion• PHP

– DiveShop in PHP• More on MySQL and SQL

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Dynamic Web Applications 2

Server

database

CGI

DBMS

Web Server

Internet

Files

Clients

database

database

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Server Interfaces

Adapted from John P Ashenfelter, Choosing a Database for Your Web Site

DatabaseWeb Server

Web ApplicationServer

Web DBApp

HTML

JavaScript

DHTML

CGI

Web Server API’s

ColdFusion PhP Perl

Java ASP

SQL

ODBCNative DBinterfaces JDBC

Native DB

Interfaces

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Web Application Server Software• ColdFusion• PHP• ASP• JSP• Django• All of the are server-side scripting

languages that embed code in HTML pages

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Lecture Outline• Review

– Databases for Web Applications – Overview• ColdFusion• PHP

– DiveShop in PHP• Introduction to ORACLE and SQL-Plus

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Web Application Server Software• ColdFusion• PHP• ASP• JSP• Django• All of the are server-side scripting

languages that embed code in HTML pages

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ColdFusion• Developing WWW sites typically involved

a lot of programming to build dynamic sites– e.g. Pages generated as a result of catalog

searches, etc.• ColdFusion was designed to permit the

construction of dynamic web sites with only minor extensions to HTML through a DBMS interface

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ColdFusion• Started as CGI

– Drawback, as previously discussed, is that the entire system is run for each cgi invocation

• Split into cooperating components– Windows service -- runs constantly– Server modules for 4 main Web Server API

(glue that binds web server to ColdFusion service) {Apache, ISAPI, NSAPI, WSAPI}

– Special CGI scripts for other servers

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What ColdFusion is Good for• Putting up databases onto the Web• Handling dynamic databases (Frequent

updates, etc)• Making databases searchable and

updateable by users.

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Requirements• Unix or Windows systems• Install as SuperUser• Databases must be defined via “data

source names (DSNs) by administrator

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Requirements and Set Up• Field names should be devoid of spaces. Use

the underscore character, like new_items instead of "new items."

• Use key fields. Greatly reduces search time. • Check permissions on the individual tables in

your database and make sure that they have read-access for the username your Web server uses to log in.

• If your fields include large blocks of text, you'll want to include basic HTML coding within the text itself, including boldface, italics, and paragraph markers.

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Templates

• Assume we have a database named contents_of_my_shopping_cart.mdb -- single table called contents...

• Create an HTML page (uses extension .cfm), and before <HEAD>...

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Templates cont.

<CFQUERY NAME= ”cart" DATASOURCE=“contents_of_my_shopping_cart">

SELECT * FROM contents ; </CFQUERY>

<HEAD> <TITLE>Contents of My Shopping Cart</TITLE></HEAD><BODY> <H1>Contents of My Shopping Cart</H1> <CFOUTPUT QUERY= ”cart"> <B>#Item#</B> <BR> #Date_of_item# <BR> $#Price# <P></CFOUTPUT></BODY></HTML>

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Templates cont.Contents of My Shopping Cart

Bouncy Ball with Psychedelic Markings 12 December 1998 $0.25

Shiny Blue Widget 14 December 1998 $2.53

Large Orange Widget 14 December 1998 $3.75

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CFIF and CFELSE

<CFOUTPUT QUERY= ”cart"> Item: #Item# <BR><CFIF #Picture# EQ""> <IMG SRC=“generic_picture.jpg"> <BR><CFELSE> <IMG SRC="#Picture#"> <BR></CFIF></CFOUTPUT>

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More Templates

<CFQUERY DATASOURCE = “AZ2”>INSERT INTO Employees(firstname, lastname,phoneext) VALUES(‘#firstname#’, ‘#lastname#’,‘#phoneext#’) </CFQUERY><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Employee Added</TITLE><BODY><H1>Employee Added</H1><CFOUTPUT>Employee <B>#firstname# #lastname#</B> added.</CFOUTPUT></BODY></HTML>

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CFML ColdFusion Markup Language

• Read data from and update data to databases and tables

• Create dynamic data-driven pages• Perform conditional processing• Populate forms with live data• Process form submissions• Generate and retrieve email messages• Perform HTTP and FTP function• Perform credit card verification and authorization• Read and write client-side cookies

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Lecture Outline• Review

– Databases for Web Applications – Overview• ColdFusion• PHP

– DiveShop in PHP• More on ORACLE and SQL-Plus

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PHP• PHP is an Open Source Software project

with many programmers working on the code.– Commonly paired with MySQL, another OSS

project– Free– Both Windows and Unix support

• Estimated that more than 250,000 web sites use PHP as an Apache Module.

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PHP Syntax• Similar to “C” or Java (note lines end with “;”)

• Includes most programming structures (Loops, functions, Arrays, etc.)

• Loads HTML form variables so that they are addressable by name

<HTML><BODY><?php $myvar = “Hello World”; echo $myvar ;?></BODY></HTML>

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Combined with MySQL• DBMS interface appears as a set of

functions:<HTML><BODY><?phpmysql_connect(“localhost”, “usename”, “password”);mysql_select_db(“mydb”);$result = mysql_query(“SELECT * FROM employees”); while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result,MYSQL_ASSOC)) { printf("<center><H2>%s",$r[”LAST_NAME"]); printf(”, %s</H2></center> ",$r[”FIRST_NAME"]); }?></BODY></HTML>

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Diveshop PHP• Examples on Harbinger/People…

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ASP – Active Server Pages• Another server-side scripting language • From Microsoft using Visual Basic as the

Language model (VBScript), though Javascript (actually MS Jscript) is also supported

• Works with Microsoft IIS and gives access to ODBC databases

• Most commonly used for Access or MS SQL Server

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ASP Syntax<% SQL="SELECT last, first FROM employees ORDER BY last" set conn = server.createobject("ADODB.Connection") conn.open “employee" set people=conn.execute(SQL)%><% do while not people.eof

set resultline=people(0) & “, “ & people(1) & “<BR>” Response.Write(resultline) people.movenextloop%><% people.close %>

Page 27: PHP introduction

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Lecture Outline• Review

– Databases for Web Applications – Overview• ColdFusion

– DiveShop in ColdFusion• PHP

– DiveShop in PHP• More on MySQL and SQL

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Today• More on SQL for data manipulation and

modification

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SELECT• Syntax:

– SELECT [DISTINCT] attr1, attr2,…, attr3 as label, function(xxx), calculation, attr5, attr6 FROM relname1 r1, relname2 r2,… rel3 r3 WHERE condition1 {AND | OR} condition2 ORDER BY attr1 [DESC], attr3 [DESC]

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SELECT Conditions• = equal to a particular value• >= greater than or equal to a particular value• > greater than a particular value• <= less than or equal to a particular value• <> or != not equal to a particular value• LIKE ‘%wom_n%’ (Note different wild card from

Access)• opt1 SOUNDS LIKE opt2• IN (‘opt1’, ‘opt2’,…,’optn’)• BETWEEN opt1 AND opt2• IS NULL or IS NOT NULL

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Aggregate (group by) Functions• COUNT(dataitem)• COUNT(DISTINCT expr)• AVG(numbercolumn)• SUM(numbercolumn)• MAX(numbercolumn)• MIN(numbercolumn)• STDDEV(numbercolumn)• VARIANCE(numbercolumn)• and other variants of these…

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Numeric Functions• ABS(n)• ACOS(n)• ASIN(n)• ATAN(n)• ATAN2(n, m)• CEIL(n)• COS(n)• COSH(n)• CONV(n, f-

base,t-base)• COT(n)

• ROUND(n)• SIGN(n)• SIN(n)• SINH(n)• SQRT(n)• TAN(n)• TANH(n)• TRUNCATE(n

,m)

• DEGREES(n)• EXP(n)• EXP(n)• FLOOR(n)• LN(n)• LOG(n,b)• MOD(n)• PI()• POWER(n,p)

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Character Functions returning character values

• CHAR(n,…)• CONCAT(str1,str2,

…)• LOWER(char)• LPAD(char,

n,char2), RPAD(char, n,char2)

• LTRIM(char, n, cset), RTRIM(char, n, cset)

• REPLACE(char, srch, repl)

• SOUNDEX(char)• SUBSTR(char, m,

n)• UPPER(char)

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Character Function returning numeric values

• ASCII(char)• INSTR(char1,

char2)• LENGTH(char)• BIT_LENGTH(str)• CHAR_LENGTH(st

r)• LOCATE(substr,str

)• LOCATE(substr,str,

pos)• and many other

variants.

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Date functions• ADDDATE(dt, INTERVAL expr unit) or

ADDDATE(dt, days)• ADDTIME(dttm, time)• LAST_DAY(dt)• MONTH(dt) – YEAR(dt) – DAY(dt)• MONTHNAME(dt)• NOW()• NEW_TIME(d, z1, z2) -- PST, AST, etc. • NEXT_DAY(d, dayname)• STR_TO_DATE(str,format)• SYSDATE()

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Assignment 3• Assignment 3 is some additional (and

occasionally more complex) searches to be run on the Diveshop database

• These should be run via the command line (via login to ischool.berkeley.edu)

• Assignment 3 is posted on the class web site

• Walkthrough online version• Due Thursday, Oct. 24th


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