Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference

TECHNICAL DIGEST

14th International

Photovoltaic Science and

Engineering Conference

26-30 January 2004

Chulalongkorn University

Bangkok, Thailand

TECHNISCHE

INFORMATIONSB1BLIOTHE

0 umeUNIVERSITATSB1BLIOTHEI

HANNOVER

Organised by

14th International PVSEC Organising Committee

Sponsored by

Energy Conservation Promotion Fund of Thailand

Program & Contents

Opening Ceremony

Auditorium 27 (Tue) 0900-1000

Master of Ceremonies: S. KanjanachuchaiChulalongkorn University. Thailand

Arrival of Her Royal Highness Princess

Malm Chnkri Sirhulhorn

Welcome Address : Assoc. Prof. Tatchai Sumitra

President, Chulalongkorn University,

Thailand

Report: His Excellency Dr. Wissanu Krca-ngam

Deputy Prime Minister, Thailand

Opening Address : Her Royal HighnessPrincess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn

PY'SEC Awards and I'VSEC Special Awards Presentation

Plenary Session I

Volume 1 Auditorium 27 (Tuc) 1000-1130

Chairperson: K, Kirlikara, KMUTT, Thailand

PL-1 Recent Advances in Solar Photovoltaic Technology

and Its New Roles to the 21s' Century's Civilization

Lire '. 1

Y. Ilamukawa

Chancellor, Ritsumcikan Univ., Shiga, Japan

PL-2 The World l'V Market Explodes: Subsidized Grid

Connected Markets in Japan, Germany and

California Lead the Way 7

P. D. MaycockPV Energy Systems Inc., Warrcnton, U.S.A.

PL-3 Policy and Plan for Alternative Energy for

Thailand 9

H. E. Dr. Promin LcrlsuridejMinister for Energy, Bangkok, Thailand

Technical Session 1

Crystalline Si Solar Cells & Materials I'

Room A 27 (Tuc) 1300-1500

Chairperson: C. Zahedi, Elkem Solar, Oslo, Norway

Vice-Chairperson: C. Tanachayanon, NSTDA, Thailand

1-1 (Invited) Thin Film Crystalline Si Solar Cells: Facts

and Challenges 13

J. Poortmans, G. Dcaucarnc and R. M. Mcrters

IMHC, Lcuvcn, Belgium

1-3 (Invited) Solar-What is a Wonderful Job 21

I. Yukawa

Kyocera Corp., Kyoto, Japan

1-4 Thin Film Solar Cells on SOI Substrates 23

\V. Wcnjing, X. Ying, L. Xudong, L. Hailing and Z.

Yuvven

BSERI, Beijing, China

1-5 Performance Dependence of Silicon Thin

Film Solar Cells on Microstructure of the

Materials 25

S. Ray, S. Mukhopadhyay and T. Jana

Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science,

Kolkata, India

1-6 Large Scale, High Efficiency Thin Film Silicon

Solar Cells Fabricated by Short-Pulsed Plasma

CVD Method 27

Y. Fujioka, A. Shimizu, H. Fukuda, T. Oouchida,

H. Tananuira, K. Nomoto, K. Okamoto and M. Abe

Sharp Corp., Nara, Japan

1-7 Present Status of ALICIA Solar Cells on

Glass"

29

A. Straub, P.I. Widenborg, N.-P. Harder1, A.B. Sproul,Y. Huang and A.G. Aberle

UNSW, Sydney, Australia1Saint-Gobain Glass Deutschland, Herzogenrath,

Germany

1-8 150 mm Layer Transfer ror MonocrystallincSilicon Solar Cells 31

Christopher Bcrge, M. Zhu, W. Brendlc, M.B.

Schubert and J.H. Werner

University of Stuttgart, Germany

Technical Session 2

Amorphous Si Solar Cells & Materials 1

Room D 27 (Tue) 1300-1500

Chairperson: K. Yamamoto, Kanaka Corp., Shiga, Japan

Vice-Chairperson: P. Sichanugrist, NSTDA, Thailand

2-1 (Invited) Advances in Amorphous Silicon Alloy

Multijunction Solar Cells and Modules 33

S. Guhu

United Solar Ovonic Corp., Auburn Hills, U.S.A.

2-2 Low Temperature Roll-to-Roll Deposition

Technique or Highly Texturized Silver Electrode

for Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells 37

A. Takano, M. Uno, M. Tanda, S. Iwasaki,

H.Tanaka, J. Yasuda and T. Kamoshita

Fuji Electric Advanced Tech. Co. Ltd., Kanaguw.a,

Japan

1 -2 (Invited) Sliver® Solar Cells: A New Thin Crystalline

Silicon Photovoltaic Technology 17

P. J. Vcrlinden1, A.W. Blakers:, K.J. Weber, V. Everett2,

M. J. Kerr', M. F. Stuckings1, D. Gordcev' and M. J.

Stocks''

Origin Energy Solar Pty. Ltd., Adelaide, Australia

"' AN 11. Canberra, Australia

XVIII

2-3

2-4

MicromorDh (^c-Si/a-Si) Tandem Solar

Modules: Basic Limits, Present Status and

Future Potential. 39

A Shah', F Meiltaud1, Vallat-Sauvain1, J Guillet', S

Fay, J Steinhduser1, M. Vanecek2, J Springer, A

Poiubu2, J Meier', U Kioll', A Buchel' and W

Dunsch41IMT, Ncuchatel, Switzerland

2Academy ofScience, Piague, Czech Republic

1Unaxis Solar Unit, Neuchatcl, Switzerland

4

PSf, Vilhgen, Switzerland

Enhanced Light Trapping in Tandem Micromorph

(H> brid) Silicon Solar Cells. 41

J Krc, K Biecl, F Smolc and M Topic

University of Ljubljana, Slovenia

3-3 (Invited) Photovoltaics Activities at the Morida

Solar Energy Center. 55

N G Dhcic, S M Bet, G Atmai am and K Lynn

Flotida Solai I neigy Ccntei, Cocoa, USA

3-4 (Invited) I lie Contribution ol Photovoltaic to

Meeting the Millennium Development Goals: the

Role of the International Lnerg> Agency

Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme. 57

13 McNehs

IF Power Co,Ltd

,

UK

3-5 (Invited) Development ol Renewable Energy

Technologies in Russia.

B Kazandzhan

C RSL, Moscow, Russia

2-5 Poly morphous Silicon Thin Films and Their Use in

Solar Cells.^

43

S Zhangl'\X Liao2, L Raniero1, E Fortunuto',

Y Xu2, H Aguas1, 1 Feircira', and R Maitms11New Unwof Lisbon & CEMOP-UNINOVA,

Capanca, Portugal2 Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

2-6 Performance of Prototype Production Line for

Double Junction Amorphous Silicon Solar Modules

Designed and Fabricated in India. 45

A K Baiua, A Sarkci.C Bancijec, S C Saha,

S Bosc and S Ray

Indian Assoc foi the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata,

India

Technical Session 3

National Programs, Policies & Economics I

Room C 27 (Tue) 1300-1500

Chairpeison J Song, KIER, Taejon, Koica

Vice-Chairperson S. Tia, KMUTT, Bangkok, Thailand

3-1 (Invited) Status or Photovoltaics in the EU Newly

Associated States. .47

S M. PrctrusAo', A Mikolajuk1, L Faia2,S Faia2, P. Vitanov'.J Rehak4, E Mcllikov\M Palfy", P. Shipkovs7, A. Kortkus8, V §aly'J,F Nemac10, J Swcns",S Nowak12, A Zachauous",11 Fechner14, P Passinicmin1 Waisaw University of Technology, Poland2Romanian (National) Agency for Renewable

Eneigy, Romania1 Central Laboratory of Solar Energy and New

Energy Souices BAS, BulgariaASolaitcc, Czech Republic

''Tallinn Technical University, Estonia''Solart-Sysrcin Ltd

, Hungana1institute of Physical Energetics, Latvia

8Scmiconductoi Physics Institute, Lithuania

'; Slovak University ofTechnology, Slovakia'"

Energy Rcstructunng Agency, Slovenia" Novcm, The Netherlands12NET Nowak Energy & Technology Ltd

Switzerland

nCRES, Greece14

Aiscn-dl, Austria"NAPS Systems, Finland

3-2 (Invited) Photovoltaic Progress in the UK. 51

A SayighWREC& WREN, Brighton, UK

3-6 How Automotive Industrial Iccliiiologv Helps

Bring Price per Watt Dow n. 61

S Dc RyckcRecticel NV, Wetteicn, Belgium

Technical Session 4

Modules, Systems & Applications 1

RoomD27'(Tuc) 1300-1500

Chanpeison A Goet/bcigei, 1 launholei Institute toi Solai

Eneigy Systems, Get many

Vice-Chan poison W Tayati, CMU, Chiang Mai, Ihailand

4-1 (Invited) Experience with Off-Grid Photovoltaic

Systems in Tonga & Indonesia. 63

ll' Outlined1., S l|calcy',M Rctnancstu1,

T Tukunga"

^ UNSW,"sydney, Australia" Mmistiy o( hneigy, fong.i

4-2 (Invited) Quality Assurance in Rural Klvcliiflcalion

Programmes: Photovoltaic Modules Chaiacleiisa-

tion Methods. 67

L Caamano-Maitm and M Calvo

Il:S-UPM. Madrid, Spain

4-3 (Invited) Lessons Learnt from Lsing P\ Stand-

Alone Systems to Provide a Better Quality ol

Life for Rural People. 71

K Kntikaia

KMUFl, Bangkok, Ihailaml

4-4 (Invited) Off-Grid Fleet ricity Supply with

Photovoltaic Solar Energy: ( ui rent I rend in

Household Electrification. 75

II Gublei

Centre lor Solar l.nernv A: lluliouen Rescaich

(7.SW), Stuttgait, Germany

4-5 Performance Assessment lor Photovoltaic Home

Systems. 79

I. L Meyei and B Mapiuani-aUniv ol I oit llaic, AIkc, South Mnui

4-6 Study on Renewable Energv Llccliifiuilion lor

Remote Villages in Thailand. 81

N Chayakul', S Xaengsiilhoin1, P kan|«inakaioon ,

'I Chulikawir and W 1 avail'

[ PEA, Bangkok, Ihailand2CMU, Chiang Mai, Ihailand

LO4-032 Five Year's Experience (1978-2003) with Operationand Management of PV/Diesel Hybrid System in a

Wildlife Sanctuary in Thailand. '. 83

U.Boonbumroong, T. Suwannakum, S.Tia, D. Pongchavvce,K. Pcwkaew, S. Pengma and K. Kirtikara

KMUTT, Bangkok, Thailand

Technical Session 5

Fundamentals 1

Room A 27 (Tue) 1530-1700

Chairperson: T. Soga, Nagoya Inst, of Technology, JapanVice-Chairperson: W. Monyakul, KMUTT, Thailand

5-1 (Invited) Principles and Applications of DyeSensitized Nanocrystalline Solar Cells

(DSC) .' 87

M. Grazel and A. J. McEvoy

Laboratory for Photonics & Interfaces, Lausanne,

Switzerland

5-2 Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Using Nanostructured

Mixed Metal Oxides 91

A. Kitiyanan, S. Ngamsinlapasathian, S. Pavasuprce,S. Sakulkhacinaruthai, Y. Suzuki and S. Yoshikawa

Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

5-3 Suhgap Absorption of Photovoltaic PolymerBlends Measured by the Constant Photocurrent

Method 93

J. Willckcns1, G.J. Adriaensscns', T. Aernouts",

P. Vanlaekc2, J. Poortmans21

University of Lcuveii, Belgium"IMEC, Lcuvcn, Belgium

6-3 Amorphous Silicon Films and Solar Cells

Prepared Near the Threshold of Crvstallinitv bv

VIIF-PECVD'

"l05Y. Xu, X. Liao, G. Kong, X. Zeng, Z. Hu, H. Diao,

S. ZhangChinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

6-4 itc-Si Thin Films Prepared by Hot Wire Cell

Method and its Application to Solar Cells. ...107

Y. Idc, Y. Saito, S. Hiza, A. Yaniada and

M. Konagai

Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan

6-5 p-doped |ic-Si:H Window Layers Prepared byHot Wire CVD for Amorphous Solar Cell

Application 109

P. Kumar, D. Bhusari, D. Grunsky, M. Kupich and

B. Schrocdcr

Univ.of Kaiserslautern, Germany

6-6 Growth Study of a-Si:H Thin Films by Hot Wire

Cell PECVD Method Ill

S. Amiruddin', I. Usman2, Mursal5, T. Winata4,Sukirno4 and M. Barmawi4

1UniversitasNusa Cendana

2

Universitas Haluoleo1 Universitas Syiah Kuala4Institut Teknologi Bandung,Indonesia

Technical Session 7

III-V Solar Cells 1

Room C 27 (Tue) 1530-1 700

5-4 Solar Cell Properties of Blends and Bilayers of

the Organic Donor-Acceptor Polymer/C60Systems 95

Y. 1 layashi, I. Yaniada, T. Soga and T. Jimbo

Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan

5-5 Fabrication of Polymer Cells at MTEC 97

S, Sahasilhiwat, L. Menbangpung, S. Aukkaravit-

tayapan and C. Thanachayanont

MTEC, Bangkok, Thailand

Chairperson: M. Yamaguchi, Toyota Technological Inst., Japan

Vice-Chairperson: P. Rugkwamsuook, KMUTT, Thailand

7-1 (Invited) Characterization of Monolithic III-V

Multi-Junction Solar Cells: Challenges and

Application 113

M. Meuscl1'-, C. Baur1, G. Siefer1, F.

A.W. Bett1, W. Warta11ISE, Freiburg, Germany

2FMF, Freiburg, Germany

Dimroth'

Technical Session 6

Amorphous Silicon 2

Room B 27 (Tue) 1530-1700

Chairperson: S. Guha, United Solar Ovonic Corp., U.S.A

Vice-Chairperson: P. Siamchai, NSTDA, Thailand

6-1 (Invited) Amorphous/Microcrystalline Silicon

Solar Cell Fabricated on Metal Substrate and its

Pilot Production 99

P. Sichanugrist

NSTDA, Bangkok, Thailand

6-2 High Deposition Rate of a-Si:Il by Using Home

Made VIIF-PECVD Method and its Application to

p-i-n Solar Cell. 103

I. Usman', A Super, Mursal\ Kukirno4, T. Winata4

and M. Barmawi4' Universitas Haluoleo2Universitas Nusa Cendana

"'Universitas Syiah Kuala

4Institut Teknologi BandungIndonesia

7-3 Chemical Beam Epitaxy System for HighEfficiency Solar Cell Fabrication 117

Y. Yagi, Y. Ohshita, K. Nishimura, U.S. Lee, N.

Kojima and M. Yamaguchi

Toyota Tech. Institute, Nagoya, Japan

7-4 Absorption and Transport via Tunneling in a

Quantum-Well Solar Cell 119

O.K. J an i and C. HonsbergGeorgia Institute ofTechnology, U.S.A.

7-5 Defect Passivation of GaAs Solar Cell on

Polycrystalline Si Substrate 121

D. Ogoshi, T. Soga, K. Hori andT. Jimbo

Nagoya Inst, of Technology, Japan

7-6 Determination of Band Gap Narrowing in n-typeGaAs and n-type InGaP from the Performance

of Solar Cells 123

M. Y. Ghannam, G. Flamand, J. Poortmans, and R.

P. Mcrtcns

IMEC, Leuven, Belgium

yy

I ethnical Session 8

Modules, Sv stems & Applications 2

Room D 27 Clue) 153(1-1700

C huiipeison L C Maitm, IFS-UPM, Madnd, Spain

Vice-Cluiiperson T Suwannakhum, KMU I P Thailand

8-1 (Invited) Developments with BIPV Svstems in

Canada. 125

L Stameme

leuinology i entie BCI1 Buinaby, Canada

8-2 Investigation ot Power Quality ol Grid Connected

P\ Systems. 129

\ /ahedi

Monash University, Melbourne, Austiaha

8-3 I he Performance of a Grid Connected Photovoltaic

System in Malaysia. 131

S Mekhilcl and N A Ralum

Univeisity of Malaya, Kuala Lumpui, Malaysia

8-4 PV-Diescl Hybrid/Mini-C-rid Application for

Electrification of Mekong Countries. 133

N ICetjoy'2, J Schmid2 and W Rakwichian1'

SLR1, Naiesuan Univeisity, Pitsanuloke, Ihailand2Univ ci sity of Kassel, Gcimuny

8-5 Comparison of Amorphous and Single Crystal

Silicon Residential Grid Connected PV Systems:Case of Thailand. 135

S Adhikan'.S Kumai'andP Sinpuekpong21AIT, Pathumthani, Thailand

2EGAT, Nonlhabun, Thailand

8-6 NEDO/DEDE Demonstration Research Project:Field Experiment on 100UW of PV Grid-

Connected System in Thailand. 137

1. Yagi', II lasai'.T Goto'. II Nishi1,K Sugimoto1, I Shui|u\ K lakahara2 and

Y Kiiniba2'Showa Shell Sekiyu KK, I okyo, Japan

" 'I he Okinawa Electne Powei Co , Inc , Japan

8-7 Power Quality ol Four Rooftop Grid-Connected

Photovoltaic Systems. 139

U Sangpanich, J Ihongpom, K Kiitikata and

C Jivacatc

KMUIT, Bangkok, Ihailand

Poster Session 1

Room L 27 (lue) 1700-1800

Fundamentals and New Approaches

P-l In-Situ Doped Spin-On Film lor Anti-Reflection

Coating. 141

U Gangopadhyuy K Kim, S K Dhungel, I)

Mangalaiai and I Yi

Sungkvunkwan Univeisity, Suvvon, Koiea

P-2 Antirellection Coatings for Photovoltaic ApplicationsBased on a Griuled-hulev Layer. 143

V L Nikulm'.T 1 'luuibuev'.R M Aitmambetov1,L M Muialov'.P Akhter and A llussain2

'Al-Furabi Kazakh National Univ, Ahnaty,Kazakhstan

2C OMSALS, Islamabad, Pakistan

LP1-04I Photovoltaic Properties ol n-C:P/p-Si (ells

Deposited by \e( 1 Lvimei Laser Using Graphite

Target. 145

M Rusop'.S M Mominuzzanian', I Soga', 1 limbo'

and M Umeno1'NIT, Nagoya, Japan

2 BUM, Dhaka, Bangladesh' Chubu Univeisity, Kasugai, Ijpan

P-3 Device Parameters ol Pulsed Laser Deposited

Phosphorus Doped ( amphoric Carboii/p-Silicon

Photovoltaic Cell. 147

S M Mnmiiuizzaman', M I Lisaniizzaman',

M Rusop ,

1 Soga ,I limbo and M I muio'

'

Bangladesh Univ of I ng ^ | ethnology (BUI 1),

Dhaka Bangladesh2

Nagoya Institute ol leihnologv lapan1( hubti Univeisity, Kasuuai, lapan

LP1-038 lenipeiature Dependence and Photocoiiducliviv

Characteristics ol Pulsed laser Deposited

Vmorphous ( arbon Nitride Minis tot Solar Cell

Application. 149

M Rusop', S M Mommuzzuman,

I Soga1, I Jimbo1

and M Umeno'1Nl'l, Nagoya, Japan

2BUI I, Dhaka, Bangladesh

'Chubu Univeisity, Kasugai, lapan

P-4 Rectifying I-V Characteristics ol N-typeFluorine Implanted a-C/p-typc Si lleteio-

jufiction Diode. 151

K I. Naiayanan' 1 Soga1, N I I kins-Daukes"

and M Yamaguchi1Nagoya Inst ol leihnologv, Shovva, lapan

"

loyota I ethnological lust,Nainwa, lapan

P-5 Physical and Optical Propenties ol VmorphousCarbon Thin Films Grown on Quartz/SiliconSubstrates bv Microwave Surface Wave Plasma

(VI).'

153

S Adhikau, A M M Omci II Mukutam.

N 1 lasegavva, S Kalo, II UcludaaiulM Umeno

Chubu Umveisitv, Kasui'ai, lapan

P-6 Optical Characteristics of Amorphous ( arbon

I'hin Films Grown on Mevible Plastic Substrates

by Microwave Suiiace Wave Plasma CM) lor

Photos oltaics. 155

A M M Omet1, S Adhikau', S Adhikaiv1, M

Rusop', II Uthida'and M Umeno''Chubu Univeisity, Kasugai. lapan

2

Nagoya Institute ol Icthnnlmw (\'l I I lapan

P-7 Photoconductivity ot Nitrogen Doped Amor¬

phous Carbon Thin I ilms on Silicon Substrate

Deposited by Microwave Surlaee Wave Plasma

CVD from Camphor. 157

II Mokiitam, N llasci'awa, S Adhikau, S \dlukai\.

II Uthida and M Umeno

( htibu llmveisilv Kasui'ai, lapan

LP1-039 Photovoltaic Lllects ol MtingenaUd ( ai bonateous

Minis Grown on \ arious Substiales bv Miciowave

Surface Wave Plasma ( M). 159

M Rusop', \ \1 \1 Oiiu'i S \dhik.ui

I Soga', I limbo', and M I imenn

Nl I, Naguva. lapan"Chubu Univcisils, Kasiuvu lapan

Fundamentals and New Approaches cont.

P-8 Band Gap Shift Due to Nitrogen DopingMicrowave Power and Gas Presure of a-C ThinFilms Deposited by Microwave Surface Wave

Plasma CVD"

161

S. Adhikan', A. M. M. Omer', S. Adhikary1, M.

Rusop2, H. Uchida'.T. Soga2, and M. Umeno'1 Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan2

Nagoya Institute of Technology (NIT). Japan

P-9 Influence of sp2 and sp3 Composition Control byDeposition Conditions on Amorphous Carbon (a-

C) Thin Film from Camphor Grown by Micro

Wave Surface Wave Plasma (SWP) CVD. 163

N. Hasegavva, II. Mokulani, S. Kato. S. Adhikary, II.

Uchida, and M. Umeno

Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan

P-10 A Synthesis of CdTe Nanocrystals for HybridSolar Cells '..165M.Kang, Y. KangandD. Kim

Korea University, Seoul, Korea

P-ll Generation Mechanism of Defects Induced by

Light Irradiation in B-doped Cz-Si 167

Y. Ohshita, T. K. Vu and M. YamaguchiToyota Technological Institute, Nagoya, Japan

P-12 The Performance of Photoelectro-chcmical Cell

Utilizing Alizarin and Rutin Hydrate 169

R. Tongpool and S. YoriyaMTEC, Bangkok, Thailand

P-13 Photoelectronic Performance of Solar Energy-Chlorophyll Cell 171

L. BaojunShenyang Energy Resource and Biology Material

Institute, Shenyang, China

P-I4 Comparative Studies on Ti02 Films for DyeSensitized Solar Cells 173

B. Ghosh1 S. Das', D. P. Chakravarti2 ,A.Boral2 and

S.DatiaJ'

Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India2

B. E. College (DU), llowrah, India'

Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tync, UK

LP 1-024 Using Porphyrin and Eosin y as Electron Donor in

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells 175

C. Saekung, N. Pungwiwat and S. Laosooksathit

KMITNB, Bangkok Thailand

P-15 Fitting Flash Test Curves with ECN's l-V Curve

Fitting Program IVFIT. 177

A. R. BurgersECN, Pcttcn, Netherlands

P-16 A New Light Trapping TCO for /tc-SLH Solar-

Cells 179

J. A. Anna Selvan, A. E. Delahoy, S. Guo and Y. M. Li

Energy Photovoltaics, Inc., Princeton, U.S.A.

P-17 Influence of Band Edge Discontinuities on

Performances of a Si:lI/cSi Heterostructurcs : A

Simulation Study 181

Z. II. Hu'2, Y. Y. Xu'( X.B. Zeng1, S.B. Zhang',II. W. Diao', G.L. Kong1, and X.B. Liao''Institute of Semiconductors, State Key Laboratoryfor Surface Physics, Beijing, China

2

Solar Energy Institute, Kunming, China

P-18 Effect of Spin Density on Photovoltaic Propertyof a-C/Si lleterojunction 183

D. K. Mishra1, X. Tian2, T. Soga2, T. Jimbo2 and

M. Sharon'1

1 IT Bombay, Munibai. India2

NIT Nagoya, Japan

P-19 Preparation of Mixed Metal Oxides Nano-

structirred Materials and Their Photocatalytic

Activity Under Visible Light. 185

S. Pavasuprec, Y. Suzuki and S. Yoshikawa

Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto Univ., Japan

P-20 Efficient Nanocryslalline Tandem Photovoltaic

Cell with Two Anodes ....187

O. Shcvalcevskiy1,2, S. Y. Myong', L. Larina2 and

K. S. Lim''Korea Advanced Inst, of Science and Technology,Daejcon, Korea

2Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Moscow,

Russia

P-21 Plastic Solar Cells : Screen-Printing as a Novel

Deposition Technique 189

T. Acrnouts, P. Vanlaekc, J. Poortmans and

P. Hcremans


P-22 Photo-Active Region in Thin Film Solar Cells

with an Organic lleterojunction 191

T. Osasa and M. Matsumura

Osaka University, Japan

P-24 Investigation of Quartz Deposits for Solar Cell

Industry 193

S. Jivathanond

Bureau of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand

P-26 Calculation of Angular Distribution of Scattered

Light Intensity by Rough Surface of

Transparent Material 195

W. W. Wcnasand Yuliana

Bandung Institute ofTechnology, Bandung, Indonesia

P-27 ZnO Thin Films for TCO by Sol-gel Spin

Coating 197

H. S. Kim and D. Kim


P-28 A Study on Work Function of F-doped Sn02

Thin Films Prepared by Pyrosol Method 199

S. Sakulkhaemaruetliai', T. Thcapsirr,C. Thanachayanont', S. Sahasithiwat', and

W. Veerasai2'MTEC, Bangkok, Thailand

2 Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

P-29 Heat-Rcsisting TCO Films for PV Cells 201

K. Goto, T. Kavvashima and N. Tanabe

Fujikura Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

P-30 Mo-doped Indium Oxide TCO Thin Films with

Mobilities over 95 cm2 V'S'1 203

C. Warmsingh', Y. Yoshida1, D. W. Readey',J. D. Perkins2, P. A. Parilla2, C.W. Teplirr, J. L.

Allcman2, T. A. Gessert2, T. J. Courts2, and D. S.

Ginley"1 Colorado School or Mine, Golden, CO. U.S.A.2NREL, Golden, CO, U.S.A.

XXII

Fundamentals and New Approaches cont.

P-31 Crystal Evaluation of Spherical Silicon Produced

with Extremely High Speed and their Solar Cell

Performance 205

S Omae', T Mrneinoto' II lakakuia'

Y Yamaguchi\ M Mutozono', and Y Hamakawa1Ritsumcikan Univ Shiga, lapan

21 he Univeisity of Tokyo Japan'

Clean Ventuic 21 Co, Shiga, Japan

P-32 Design Strategv and

Silrton Solar Cell

Reflector System.

Development of Sphencalwith Senu-CoiKentration

207

r Minenioto,M Muiozono", Y Yamaguchi,

H lakakuia'and Y Hamakawa11 Ritsumcikan Univeisity, Shiga, lapan2Clean Venture 21 Co

, Shiga, JapanI

The Univeisity of Tokyo, Japan

LP1-0I7 Novel Deposition Method of Antr-reflectrve

Coating lot Spherical Silicon Solar Cells. 209

T Mincmoto1, M Muiozono2 Y Yamaguchi1,II Tdkakuia1 and Y Hamakawa11Ritsumcikan University, Shiga, Japan

2 Clean Venture 21 Co, Shiga, lapan

'The Univeisity of Tokyo, Japan

LP1-002 Nanocrystalline Titania with Highly Photocatalytic

Activrty Prepared by Surfactant-Assisted

Mechanism. 211

S Sakulkhaemaructhai, S Pavasupiee, Y Suzuki and

S Yoshikawa

Inst of Advanced Eneigy, Kyoto Univeisity, Japan

LP 1-009 Photoresponse from Polycrystalline Cu20/ZnO

Hetcrojunctiori Thin Films Grown by RT

Magnetron Sputtering. 213

M Yanagita', S Ishi/uka2, K Suzuki1, Y Nawa', 1

Sakuiai', K Matsubara2, S Nikr, K Akimoto''

University ofTsukuba, lapan"

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science

& Technology, Ibaraki, Japan

LP1-011 Stoichiometric as-Grown CuInSe2 Thin Films

Deposited by Pulsed DC MagnetronSputtering. . 215

J HisekandR D Pilkrnglon

University of Salfoid, UK

LP1-021 Influence ot Fire-Through Process Analyzed byElectron Beam Induced Current. 2!7

II Kondo T Yamazaki, Y Fakahashi, Y Matsumuia,K Nishioka, Y Uraoka and'I TuyukiNAIST, Ibaraki, Japan

Crystalline Si

P-33 Fabricating Polycrystalline Silicon Solai Cells

Using Aluminum Induced CrystallizationTechnique. 219

M Hossam, 11 Abu-safe II Naseem

Univeisity of Aikansas, USA

P-34 Characteiization of Silicon Nitndc Film Depositedby PECVD for Crystalline Silicon Cells.

. 221

X Li, Y h,Y Xu, II Li, W Wang and Y Zhao

Beijing Solar Eneigy Rescaich Institute, China

LP1-040 Photovoltaic Characteristics ot Phosphorus

Doped Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Films

Grown by R. F. Plasma Enhanced CVD. 223

M Rusop I Soga and I limbo

Nl I, Nagoya lapan

LP1-027 Effect of SrN\:lI Passivation on Ihm Mini Poly-

Si Solai C ells. 225

Y Matsumuia 1 Yamazaki Y Uiaoka and

1 I uyukiAlSUbaiaki lapan

P-35 Eflect ol Nil, Plasma lieatment for Sr02Passivation Layer. 227

M Tujiuaia, I Saitoh and K Kamisako

DUAL lokyo lapan

LP1-023 Plasma Sin lace lexUriization toi MonocrystallnieSilicon riun I-ihri Solar Cells.

'

229

Y Iakahashi Y Yamamoto, I Yamazaki, Y

Uiaoka and I I yukiNAIS I, Ibaraki, Japan

P-36 The Formation Mechanism of PPS with

Chemical Etching Method Acting as

Aiitireflection Coaling. 231

H Wang, X Sun, Y /hang, W 1 i and I 1 u

Zhengzhou Univeisity, ( hina

P-37 Spin-On Doped and Electioless Plated Bifacial

Silicon Solar C ells. 233

U Gangopadhyay, K II Kim, I S Yoo D Mangalaraiand J Yi,

Sungkytinkvvan Univ Suvvon Koiui

P-38 Different Aspects of Back-Surface Meld (BSI-)Formation for Thin Mulfi-C lysfallirie Silicon

Waters.'

235

A Kiaenzl, A Schneider, I Mclnvk, A llausei,L Ruland and P I alh

UKN, Konstanz, Germany

P-39 Solar Photovolfarc Cells Study and 11 ends. 237

Kh Zazi1, Ah Bennouna2, Di'/x|li', Ra Benthiila1,Ab Bennouna1, \\d llaindi'1National ( entei ol Scientific ivj lethnital

Rescaich, Rabat, Moiotto

Ecole Mohammadia d'nigeiiieiiis, Moiotco1

Lcole National tie l'tndustiie Mintial d, Moiotto

P-41 Defects in Polycrystalline Silicon Studs foi HighEffciency Solar Cells Appiitalum 239

T K Vu,Y Nishikawaancn Ohshita

loyota I echnologital Institute Nagova, Japan

P-42 Short-Circuit ( uirerit l)ensit\ Behavior ol Dve-

Sensiti/ed Solar Cells 241

1 Kubo, I Asano and \ Nishikitam

Nippon Oil ( oip ,Yokohama lapan

P-43 Modelling the Impact ol Inhornogeneoiis Recom¬

bination Losses on mt-Sl Cell I Ificientv 243

P P Altermatt'.A (uevas'.G I laser'

Australian National University ( anbeira Ausliaha2

Univeisity ol NSW, Sydney, Ausliaha

P-44 Bias Potential Dependence ol MiuouvstallineSilicon Structure in Hydrogen Radical ( \ D. 245

M Jeon, K KimuiaandK Kamisako

I UA i, lokyo, lapan

Crystalline Si cont.

P-45 Characteristics of Colorful Crystalline Si Solar

Cells Tor Design Architectures 247

K. SugibuchiMatsushita Eco.System Co..Ltd., Aichi, Japan

P-46 Solar Cell Emitters with Silicon Nano-

structures 249

E. C. Cho, Y. H. Cho, J. Xia, R. Corkish, G. Conibieer, Y.

Huang and M. A. Green

UNSW, Sydney, Australia

P-47 High Rate Deposition of Nanocrystalline Silicon

from SiCI4/H2 by Plasma Chemical VaporDeposition at Low-temperature 251

X. Lin, K. Lin, R. Huang, Y. Yu, J. Wei, C. Yu

Shantoa University, China

P-48 Nanosized Magnetic Materials: Technology,Properities and Applications 253

N. H. Nghi and D. D. ThongHUT, Hanoi, Vietnam

P-49 Research on Diffusion Phosphorous Paste and Its

Rapid Termal Diffusion Performance 255

Z. Liu1, C. Yao1, Z. Zhang1'2, J. Li1'2, H. Liao'-2, J.

Li''2,C. Zha''Yunnan Normal University, China

2Kunming Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd., China

P-50 Forming Gas Treatment on C-Si Solar Cells 257

J. Li, Y. Wang, Z. Liu, S. Wang, Z. ZhangKunming Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd., China

P-51 3 McV Proton Irradiation on Crystalline Silicon.. .259

J. You', J. Kang2, D. Kim2 and C. S. Kang'' Seoul National University, Korea2Korea University, Seoul, Korea

P-52 Study about Conversion Efficiency of c-Si

Solar Cells Using 40 kcV Electron Beam

Irradiator 261

J. P. Yoon1, S. J. Park', B. B. Kang1, I. S. Cha',S.O. Cho21

Dongshin University, Jeon-nam, Korea2KAIST, Korea

P-53 Characterization of Screen Printed PhosphorusDiffusion Paste and Diffusion Barrier Paste for

Silicon Solar Cells 263

J. Salami, T. Pham, C. Khadilkar, K. Mcviker and

A. Shaikh

Ferro Corp., Vista CA., U.S.A.

P-54 Large Area Metallisation Wrap Through Solar

Cell with Elcctroless Metallisation 265

H. Knauss, B.Terheiden and P. Fath

University of Konstanz, Germany

P-55 COSIMA Technology for Screen-Printed Point

Contacts to the Rear of Passivated Si Solar

Cells 267

H. Plagwitzand R. Brcndcl

Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research,

Erlangcn, Germany

P-56 Effect of Grain Boundary Character Distribution

on Photovoltaic Performance of MulticrystallineSiGe 269

N. Usami, W, Pan, K. Fujiwara, T. Ujihara, G. Sazaki

and K. NakajimaIMR, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

LP1-018 Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Multi-

crystalline SiGe with Microscopic CompositionalDistribution 271

K. Fujiwara, W. Pan, N. Usami, T. Ujihara and

T. Shishido

Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

P-57 Si,.jGex/Si Solar Cell by Optimizing Thickness

of Graded Si,.,Ge, Layer 273

N. R. Poespavvati1, A. Udhiarto1, D. Hartanto1and M. A. Green21

University oflndonesia, Depok, Indonesia2

University ofNSW, Sydney, Australia

P-58 Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Films Grown byLow-Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition.

275

L. Pereira, H. Aguas, E. Fortunato, R. Martins

New Univ. of Lisbon and CEMOP, Caparica, Portugal

LP1-029 Analysis of Ga-doped mc-Si Solar Cells 277

K. Fukui1, S. Fujii', M. Tsuchida', S. Tanimoto',K. Niira', K. Shirasavva1, M. Dhamrin2 and T. Satoh21Kyocera Corp., Kyoto, Japan

2TUAT, Tokyo, Japan

P-60 Chemical Texturization of Multicrystalline Si

Wafer Using Metallic Catalysts for IncreasingSolarCell Efficiency 279

K. Tsujino and M. Matsumura

Osaka University, Japan

P-61 Aluminium-Induced Crystallisation Bi-LayerProcess ora-Si: Limiting Mechanism 281

P. I. Widenborg and A. G. Abcrle

University of NSW, Sydney, Australia

P-62 Inverse Crystallography Model of Porous PolysiliconFormation Process 283

H. Wang, S. Feng Q. Duan, Y. Zhang and J. Lu

Zhengzhou University, China

P-63 The Enhancement of Homogeneity in Texture

Structure of Silicon Crystal by using Ultrasonic

Wave in the Caustic Etching Process 285

J. M. Kim and Y. K.Kim

University of Incheon, Korea

P-64 Growth and Characterization of 240kg Multi-

crystalline Silicon Ingot Grown by Directional

Solidification 287

J. M. Kim and Y. K. Kim

University of Incheon, Korea

P-65 Investigation of Isotropic Etch to Remove

Saw Damage Layer of Polycrystalline Silicon

Wafer 289

J. Ji, Z. Shi, R. Chen, C. tong, H. Li and Y. WangWuxi Suntech Power Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China

XXIV

Crystalline Si cont.

P-66

-67

P-68

P-69

-70

P-71

P-72

-73

P-74

P-75

P-76

Consequences from the Defect-Pool Model on the

Fabrication of Multicrvstalline Ingots and Solar

Cells. 291

P P Alieiniatt and A Cuevas

Austialian National University Canbeira, Australia

C haiactenzation of Some Low Cost Multicrvstalline

Silicon Solar C ells. 293

A b Ghitas and M M SabiyNational Reseuith Inst ol Astronomy & Geophysics,Cuuo, Egypt

Lxcellent Effect of Gallium Solvent on

Preparation ot High Liletitnc Silicon Crvstal bv

LPE Method.'

295

I Uphaia, Y Satoh K Obaia, K fu|ivvaia, G

Sazaki and N Usami

IMR Tohoku University, Sendai, lapan

Segregation ot Ga and B Impurities in Unidirectional

Solidification ot Silicon Ingots. 297

M Dluinnn',11 Hashigami1, 1 Satoh2, 1 Cguchr, I

I Inasavva2 and I Yumaga2'TUAT, Tokyo, Japan

"

Dia-icht Kidcn Co, lokyo, Japan

The Natme of Grain-Boundary in PolycrystallineSilicon Studied by (lie High-Sensitivity Hall

Measurements. 299

M Isomuia

fokai Univeisity, Kanagavva, Japan

Preparation of Silicon from Rice Hulls.

E Swatsitang, S Suijaiajai and P AiayaiatKhon Kaen Univeisity, Thailand

301

Ellect of Illumination Spectra on Light-InducedDcgi atlation in Multicrystallme Si Solar Cells. 303

Y Kayamon, H 1 lashigami, M Dhumi in and 'I Saitoh

FUAl, Tokyo, Japan

Contact Resistance at ln2 (),: FAT ST

Interface. 305

G Untila, T Kost and A Chebotaieva

Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Moscow, Russia

Preparation of N-doped Ti02 Thin Films ProtectingTransparent Conducting Oxide Films lor Si Thin

Film Solar Cells. 307II Natsuhara', K Matsumoto1, N Yoshida", I Itoh''S Nonomuia1 \ M 1 ukavva" and K Sato2'Gifu Univeisity, Japan

2Rescaich Ccntei, Asahi Glass Co

,Ltd

, lapanJapan Science and lechnology Agency, Japan

Crystal Growth ot Pohtrystalline Silicon Thin

Film on High Substrate fexture Evaluated byScanning Probe Microscopy. 309

R Muhida'. I Haiano' I Sugano1, 'I loyaiTU1. II

Okamoto'.S Izumr, II lakakuia", and Y llamakavva-1 Osaka Univeisity, lapanRilsuincikdii Univeisity, Shiga lapan

Influence ol I'CO/p-layer Interlace on Micro-

ciystalline Silicon Solar Cell. 311

I Fujibayjshi M Kondo and A Matsuda

AISl Ibaiaki, Japan

P-77 TCO/(n'pp') Si TCO Laminated Gird C/ Silicon

Solar Cell. 313

G Untila, I Kost and A ( hebotaieva

Lomonosov Moscow State Univeisity, Mostovv, Russia

P-78 Hie ^t-Sj.l! Solar (ells bv Hot Wire CM).

What is Most ( litical Deposition Parameters tor

Solai Cell Piofoi mantes? 315

I ( 1 et \ S hint' S K Kim K II Win I

Song and I I Paik

Photovoltaic Rescaich t enter, Kll R lat'|on koica

P-79 Operation Properties ol mt-Si:II pin and a-

Si:ll/mc-Si:II I andeni Solar ( ell. 317

I C 1 ee, Y S lung S K Kim, Is. II S uon, I

Song and 1 I Paik

KI1R laeion Koica

P-80 Boron-Doped Microcry stalline Sihcon-Caibide

(P-/x-SiC :ll) I Inn Minis loi pin /je-Shll Solar

Cell Applications. 319

J C Lee, A lumbcitz'.Y S lung, S K Kim, K

II Yoon I Song and I .1 Paik

K1LR, laeion, Koica'

IPV, I'Orsthungszentium lulicb Gmbl I, (leinwny

P-81 Correlation Between Electronic Propeities ol

Grain Boundary and Hun I itm Poly-Si Solai

Cell Performance Deposrfed byAPCVD. 321

I Yamazaki, Y Matsumuia, Y Uiaoka and I I uvuki

NA1SI, Ibaiaki, lapan

P-82 Series Connection in 'linn Mini Crystalline Si

Solar Modules on Insulating Substrates. 323

V Gazuz, R Auei.M Sthulz aiul R Bitndcl

BCAI.R, hilaiigen, Germany

P-83 Light Trapping Properties of I Inn Silicon I ilms

on AIT-Textine Glass. 325

N Cluiangsuvvanith, I1 I \\ idcnboig, P t anipbclland A G Abeile

UNSW, Sydney. Ausliaha

P-84 Polycrystalline Silicon Minis on Glass by Solid

Phase Crystallization ol Evaporated a-Si. 327

I) Song, P Widenboii'. A Stiaub. N lluanv and

A G Abeile

UNSW, Sydney, Ausliaha

P-85 Fabrication ol Crystalline Silicon Solar ( ells byAluminum Bonding. , 329

J M Kim and Y K Kim

Univeisity ol Incheon, Incheon, Koica

P-86 Potential ol Quasi Monom stalline Porous

Silicon (QMPS) Laser lor I luu Solai (ell

Application. 131

M Baneijec', I) Maiumdai,

U Gam-opadhvav1S K Dulia'andll Saha'ladavpui Uiliveisitv India

R R R Mahavrdv.ilava, India1

( ity ( ollegc. Kolkata, India

C rystalline Si cont.

P-87 Growth Behavior of Polycrystalline Silicon Thin

Films Prepared by RTCVD. 333

Y F Hu1, H Shen2, L Wang2, Z C Liang2. Z

Y Liu',L S Wen1 South China Univeisity ol Technology, Guangzhou.

( hina

Guangzhou Institute of Lneigv C onsei vation,

Guangzhou, C hina

P-88 Silicon Thin Film of \\2Q-, Ceramics by Zone

Melting Recrystalhsation. 335

X Ymg, L Xudong, I Hailing W WenjingBeipng Solai Eneigy Rescaich Institute, China

P-89 Optimization and Characterization of Silicon

Sheets from Powder for Thin Film Solar Cells.

337

Z C Liang12, H Shcn'.X W Zou', N S Xu2'

Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conveision,

Chinese Academy of Sciences, China2

Zhongshan University, China

P-90 Increasing the Light Generated Current in Thin

Silicon Solar Cells Using Pigmented Diffuse

Reflectors. 339

N. C Shaw and J E Cottei


P-91 The Application of Grating Couplers in Thin-Film

Silicon Solar Cells.. 341

H Sticbig, N Scnoussaoui, T Biammei and J Miillci

Foischuiigszentiuin Juhch GmbH, Juhch, Germany

P-92 Low-Cost Rearside Floating Junction Solar Cell

Issues..

343

S Dc Woll. f Daicimckx, G Agostinelli and

G. Bcaucainc


Amorphous Si

P-93 Study ot BfCIh), Doped a-SiC and p/i Interface of

a-Si:H Solar Cells. 345

1 Xue, D, Zhang, Y Wang, X Zhang, Z Guan, J

Sun, Y Zhao and X GcngNunki University, Tianjm, China

P-94 Highly Stable and Textured IntentionallyHydrogen Doped Novel ZnO Film Prepared byPhoto-MOCVI) Technique. 347

S Y Myong and K S Lim

KAIST, Dacjeon, Koica

P-95 Large Area integrated Double Junction a-Si Solar

Module Fabricated by Using Seed Layer /n-itc-

Si:Il Bilaycr.

"

.. 349

(. Baneijee, A Saiker SC Saba and A K Baiua

I AC S, Kolkata, India

P-96 Preparation ol itc-Ge:C Thin MIrns byIIWC VI). 351

Y Yashiki S Miyaiuna, A Yaniada and M Konagai

lokyo Institute ol I ethnology, Tokyo, lapan

P-97 High Electron Mobility Indium Doped Zinc

Oxide Deposited at Room Temperature by RF

Magnetron Sputtering. 353

A Pimentcl, L Foitunato, A Goncalvcs, A

Mdrques, H Aguas, L Pereiia, 1 I'citena and R

Mattins

New Univeisity of Lisbon & CFMOP-UNINOVA,

Capanca, Poitugal

P-98 Fabrication of Large Area Integrated Double

Junction a-Si Solar Modules by Using p-typeand n-type Hy drogenated Silicon Oxide

Films. 355

A Saiker, Chandan Baneijee, S C Saha and

A K Baiua

IACS, Kolkata, India

P-99 Influence of the Deposition Pressure on the

Morphology of Gallium Doped Zinc Oxide

Thin Films Deposited by RI- Magnetron

Sputtering. 357

E Foitunato V Assuncao, A Goncalves, A MarquesA Pimentcl, 11 Aguas, L Percna, I Fcncira and

R Martins

New Univ of Lisbon & CEMOP-UNINOVA, Capanca,

Portugal

P-l 00 Diphasic nc-Si/a-Si:H as a Stable i-Iayer in Solar

Cells. 359

H Hao, S Zhang, Y Xu, Z Hu, II Diao, G Kongand X Liao

Chinese Academy ol Sciences, Beijing, China

P-l 01 Impacts ol p-Type Interfaces on Performances

of a-Si:II Based Solar Cells..361

X Liao, Z Hu, Y Xu, X Zcng and X. XiangChinese Academy of'Scienccs, Beijing, China

P-l 02 Substrate Temperature Control ot Narrow Band

Gap Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon

Germanium for Solar Cells. .363

Mursal1, A Supu2, I Usman1, T Winata4,Sukuno4, and M Barmawi4'Syian Kuala Univeisity, Banda Aceb, Indonesia

2Nusa Cendana University, Kuparig, Indonesia

1Haluoleo Univeisity, Kendan, Indonesia

4

Dept of Physics, ITB, Indonesia

P-l 03 The Permeation of Hydrogen and Inert Gas

in Sputtered a-SiC:II Alloys: Microstructure

Study 365

R Salch', L Munisa'andW Beyer1

Jurusan Fisika, Universitas Indonesia, Depok,Indonesia

2IPV, Foischungszcntium Juhch GmbH, Juhch,

Geimany

P-l 04 Low Temperature Deposition of /*c-SiC:Ge:IIFilms. 367

5 Miyapma, A Yaniada and M KonagaiIokyo Institute ol Technology, lokyo, Japan

P-l 05 Preliminary Studies ol Hydrogenated AmorphousSilicon by Modulated Rr-PECVD Method.

369

Muisal1, S Amuuddin2, I Usman', T Winata4 and

M Baunawi4, Sukuno4'

Syian Kuala Univeisity, Banda Acch, Indonesia2Nusa Cendana University Kupang, Indonesia

'Haluoleo Univeisity, Kendan, Indonesia

4

Dept ol Physics, 11B, Indonesia

Amorphous Si cont.

P-l 06 Growth of /K-Si Phase in lletero-Structured SiC,

Films by Hot-Wire CVD. 371

1 Itoh12, Y Hasegavva', M Hone', M Takeuchi'

and S Nonomuia'2' Gifn Univfsiiy, Gifu, Japan2

Japan Science Technology Coip , Saitania, Japan

P-l07 Effect ol Step - Deposition on Structures and

Properties of Transparent Conducting Al-doped

Zinc Oxide Films Prepared by DC Magnetron

Sputtering 373

J Tohsophon and N Siiikuhat

CMU, Chiang Mai, Ihailand

P-l 09 Characterisation of Indium Doped and

Undoped Zinc Oxide Films Deposited by Spray

Pyiolysis. 375

p" M*Rathecsh Kumai1, C Sudha Kaitha', K P

Vijayakumai', D K AvasthrandT Sigh2' Cochin University of Science & Pech

,Cochin,

India2Nuclcai Science Centie, Aiuna Asaf Ah Maig, New

Delhi, India

P-110 Optical and Electrical Characterization of TCO-

ZnO Film Grown by Spray Method. 377

K Yoshino, T Fukushima K rukushrma and T Ikan

Miyazaki Univeisity, Miyazaki, Japan

P-l II Surface Textured MF-Sputtered ZnO Films for

Microcrystalline Silicon Based Thin Film Solar

Cells. 379

J Hupkes1, B Rcch1, O Kluth1, T Repmann', B

Schrbrock1, J Mullet'and M Wuttmg2'

Foischungszcntium Juhch GmbH, Gcimany2

Institute foi Physics of New Matenals, RWTH

Aachen, Geimany

LP1-030 Degradation Behavior of Nanostructiire Tailored Si

Solar Cells Fabricated by Alternately HydrogenatedDilution Method. 381

M Ito, M Kondo and A Matsutla

AIST, Ibaiaki, Japan

LP1-005 Electrical Properties ol Doped Hydrogenated

Microcrystalline Cubic Silicon Carbide Thin

Films. 383

T Watahiki, S Miyajima, Y Yoncyama, A Yaniada

and M Konagai

Tokyo Institute of'Technology, Tokyo, Japan

LP1-031 Deposition Parameters Optimization of Hydro¬

genated Microcrystalline Silicon lor Application to

Solar Cells. 385

X D Zhang, I Zhu, Y Zhao, J Sun, C C Wei, G

F Hou, X II GengandS Z XiongNankai Univeisity, China

LP1-016 Eltect or CrGa-/FeGa-Pairs on the Performance ol

Ga-dopcd, Si-based Solar Cells. 387

S Bel|akowa',D Katg', G Pensl'andJ Schmidt2'

Univcisiyof Eilangen-Nuinbeig, Lilangen, GeimanyInsitut fui Soldieneigieloischung HamcTn-

Emmcithal (1SFH), Emmcithal, Germany

LP1-035 Reduction ot Light-induced Detects by Nano-

Structure Tailored Silicon Solar Cells using

Low-cost TC O Substr ates. 389

D Auu'.M Kondo2, and A Matsuda''

Nippon Sheet Glass ( o,

1 td,lapan

2AIST, Ibaiaki, lapan

Plenary Session 2

1 nmneenng Hall 2S (Wed) ()S()(M)90()

Chanpeison Y Hamakawa, Ritsumtikan Univ, lapan

Vicc-C hanpeison D Kuiangani, ( U Ihailand

PL-4 Present & Futuie ol (rvstalline Si Solai

Cells. 391

M Gieen

UNSW, Sydney, Ausliaha

PL-5 Recent Advances in Solar PV System

Engineering. 395

K Kuiokdwd

TUA'I, Tokyo, Japan

'Iethnical Session 9

Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells 2'

Room A 2S (Wed) 0900-11)01)

Chanpeison P I ath, Univeisity ol Konstanz, Geimany

Vice-Chaiipeison S Dumioiigialtana, KMU 1 I, Ihailand

9-1 (Invited) Waler Thickness & Performance ol

Multicrvstalline Si Solar Cells. 397

C J I Tool

ECN Solai hieigv, Petten, Netheilands

9-2 Process and Material Dependence ol xl-BST in

Crystalline Si Solar Cells. 401

V Meemongkolkid!

Geoigia Institute ol Tcthnolot'v, Atlanta. USA

9-3 Co-Diffusion Method lot Preparation ol Silicon

BSF Solar Cells. 403

W Guang-Pu and Y Wan-lao

Shanghai Univeisity, Jiatling, ( hina

LO9-0I4 Enhanced Phosphorus Dillusion at

Microstructure Defects in Multiery stalline

Silicon.'

405

A Bentzen1, B G Svenssoir, and \ Holt''II-L, K|fllei,Noivvay

" Univeisity ol Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Technical Session 10

Fundamentals & New Vpproaehes 2

Room B ?S(\\cd)0')00 1000

Chanpeison I) Kim Koica Univeisitv Koica

Vice-Chan poison N Ramuni'ul Milt Ihailand

LII0-O28(Invited) Pathways to litia-IIigh I (fluent

Photovoltaics 407

A Jacei-Waldau

1 uiopean ( omniissiou lspia halv

10-1 Use of Nanocrystalline Titania ContainingMesoporous Nanotube Structure to Photo-

eatalytically Produce Hydrogen from Water-

under UV Light Irradiation 409

T. Sreethawong, Y. Suzuki and S. Yoshikawa


10-2 Microstructure and Optoelectronic Properties of

B-doped nc-Si:H Thin Films Deposited byPECVD with Different Hydrogen Dilution.

...411

M. H. GullanarandR, Q, Cui

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

10-3 Well Aligned CdS Nanorod/Conjugated PolymerSolar Cells 413

Y. Kang and D. Kim


10-4 Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using

Nanocrystalline Titania Containing Nanotube

Structure 415

S. Ngamsinlapasathian, S. Sakulkhaemaruethai,T. Sreethawong, S. Pavasuprcc, Y. Suzuki and

S. Yoshikawa



II-VI Compound Semiconductors 1

Room C 28 (Wed) 0900-1000

Chairperson : M. Konagai, Tokyo Inst. Technology, Japan

Vice-Chairperson: P. Sripadungtham, i. Thailand

11-1 (Invited) Technical Advances in PolycrystallineThin Film Photovoltaics 417

H. S. Ullal

NREL, Golden, CO, U.S.A.

11-2 Growth and Characterization of a New In-Based

Buffer Layer by Chemical Bath Deposition for

Cu(In,Ga)Sc2 Solar Cells 421

L. Larina1, K. H. Kim1, K. H. Yoon2, M. Konagai3andB.T. Ahn1'Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Tech,

Dacjeon, South Korea2Korea Institute ofEnergy Research, Daejeon, Korea

'Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan

11-3 Fabrication of Cu(In,Ca)Se2 Solar Cells with 12%

Efficiency 423

S. Bandyopadhyaya and A. K. Pal

IACS, Calcutta, India

11-4 Mechanical Properties of Flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2Thin Film Solar Cells 425

P. O. Grabitz and G. Bilger

University of Stuttgart, Germany



Room D 28 (Wed) 0900-1000

Chairperson: H. Gabler, ZSW, Stuttgart, GermanyVice-Chairperson: P. Siripuekpong, EGAT, Bangkok, Thailand

12-1

12-2

12-3

Achievement of 27% Efficient and 20OWpConcentrator Module and the Technological

Roadmap Towards Realisation of More Than

31 % Efficient Modules 427

K. Araki1, M. Kondo1, H. Uozumi', N. J. Ekins-

Daukes2, Y. Kemmoku3, M. Yamaguchi2' Daido Steel Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan"

Toyota Technological Inst., Nagoya, Japan3

Toyohashi Sozo College, Toyohashi, Japan

Improved High Isolation and Temperature (H.I.T.)Solar Cells and Assembly Technology 429

E. Ferrando1, L. Brambilla1, M. Caccivio1,A. Zamboni1, R. Romani", R. Campesato2,C. Flores2, G. Gabetta2, G. Strobl\ M. Nell3,L. Gerlach4, 11. Ritter"1Galileo Avionica S.p.A., Italy

2CESIS.p.A, Italy3 RWE SSP GmbH, Germany4ESTEC, Netherlands

Parabolic Trough Concentrator Cost Optimisationand Automated Design 431

R. Vardanyan,V. Dallakyan, G. Martirosyan,V. Vardanyan and T. KarapetyanState Engineering University of Armenia, Yerevan,Armenia

High Concentration with Miniature Parabolic

Dishes and Fiber Optics: An ExperimentalPhotovoltaic Study 433

E. A. Katz, J. M. Gordon, D. Feuermann,

M. Huleihil, S. Meyer and V. Melnichak

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Sede Boqer Campus, Israel


Crystalline Si Solar Cells & Materials 3

Room A 28 (Wed) 1030-1200

Chairperson: J. Poortmans, IMEC, Belgium

Vice-Chairperson: W. Titiroongruang, KMITL, Thailand

13-1 (Invited) Research Status and Future of

Highly Reliable Crystalline Si Solar Devices

and Materials 435

T. Saitoh', M. Dhamrin' and Hiroshi Hashigami2'TUAT, Tokyo, Japan2

Kyocera Corp., Shiga, Japan

13-2 Characterisation of Micrometer-Sized Inversion

Layer Emitters in Crystalline Si 439

J. E. Wu, and A. G. Aberle


12-4

XXVIII

13-3 Physical Understanding of Printed Thick Film

Front Contacts of Crystalline Si Solar Cells:

Review of Existing Model and Recent

Developments. . .

441

G Schubert, F Huster and P Fath

Univeisity of Konstanz, Konstanz, Geimany

13-4 Characterization of Silver Front Contact in a

Silicon Solar Cell. 443

C Khadilkar.S Kim, T Pham, A Shaikh and

S Sndharan

Feno Corporation, Ohio, USA

13-5 Role of Hydrazine Mono-Hydrate During Textun-

zation of Large Area Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell

Fabrication. 445

U Gangopadhyay1, K Kim2, J Yr, A Kandol2 and

H Saha11

IC Design & Fabrication Centre, Jadavput

University, Kolkata, India2

Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea


Amorphous Si Solar Cells & Materials 3

Room B 28 (Wed) 1030-1200

Chairperson J L Bergman, Thai Photovoltaics, Thailand

Vice-Chairpeison S Aukkarawittayapan, MTEC, Thailand

14-1 (Invited) Large Area Thin Film Silicon HybiidSolar Cell and Module with Inter-Layer. 447

K Yamamoto, A Nakajima, M Yoshimi,T Sawada, S Fukuda T Suezaki, M Ichikawa, Y

Koi, M Goto, T Meguro, T Matsuda,

M Kondo, T Sasaki and Y Tawada

Kaneka Corp , Shiga, Japan

14-6 Rough ZnO Layers by LP-CVD Process and

their Effect in Improving Performances of

Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar

Cells. 459

S Pay, L rcitknecht R Schluthtet, U Kroll

E Vallat-Sauvarn and A Shah

IMT, Ncuchatcl, Switzerland


National Programs, Policies & Economics 2

Room C 28 (Wed) 1030-1200

Chaiiperson E van Dyk, Univ ol Port I hzabeth, South Alnta

Vicc-Chaiipeison V Jiiapidditkul, I PPO, Bangkok, Ihailand

15-1 (Invited) Three Decades of Semiconductor

Research for Solar Cell Application m

Thailand. 461

S Panyakeow

Chulalongkorn Univeisity, Bangkok, Ihailand

15-2 (Invited) Pre-Feasibrlrty Study on Solar Cell

Production in Ihailand. 465

D Kruangam', S Kan|anathuthai', S Ratana-

kuakangwan', K Wattaiiavidicair, V Boon-amiuidy-vittaya', P Sichanugiisf, P Siamchai'and C Iiathu"''

Chulalongkorn Univeisity, Bangkok, Thailand2Kasctsait University, Bangkok, Ihailand

'KMUTT, Bangkok, Ihailand4NS'l DA, Bangkok, Thailand

s

Dept of Mmeial Restitutes, Bangkok, Ihailand

15-3 (Invited) Developments with Photovoltaic

Research and Applications in India..

469

A ChauieyTERI, New Delhi, India

14-2 (Invited) First Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell

Production Factory in Thailand. . 451

J Gyimesi and N Chetsin

Bangkok Solar Co,Ltd

,Thailand

14-3 Amorphous Si(.xCx:II Films Prepared by Cat-CVD

Method Using C4H,0 as a C Source Gas and its

Application to Window Layer for Si Thin Film

Solar Cells.. . 453

N Yoshida1'2, K Takemoto'.Y Yamaguchi1,M Tsukamoto1, K Chikusal, A Fututa1, T Itoh'2and S Nonomuia1,21

Gifu University, JapanJapan Science & Technology Agency, Kawaguchi,Japan

15-4 (Invited) Strategic Plan Tor Photovoltaic 1UU)

and Dissemination in Korea. 473

J SongPhotovoltaic Rescaich (enlei, KII.R, laeion,Korea

15-5 (Invited) Photovoltaics and Renewable Energy

Engineering Degree Programs at UNSW : The

First Four Years. 477

J E Cottei.S R Wenluim. G Bates, A Brute, M

A Green, C B Honbeig, R Largent, M D Silver,A B Sproul,G Stapleton1 and M Watt

University of NSW, Sydney, Australia1 Global Sustainable Energy Solutions, Ulladulla,

Ausliaha

14-4 Improvement of a-Si Solar Cell Properties byUsing Si02:F TCO Films.

.. 455

M Kambc, M Fukawa, N Taneda and K Sato

Asahi Glass Co,Ltd

,Yokohama, Japan

14-5 Gallium Doped Zinc Oxide Deposited at Room

Temperature by RF Magnetron Sputtering on

Plastic Substrates: Thickness Dependence. 457

E Tortunato, A Goncalves, A Marques,A Pimentel.V Assuncao, II Aguas, L Pcrciia,

I Fcreira and R Martins

New University of Lisbon & CEMOP-UNINOVA,

Capanca, Portugal



Room I) 28 (Wed) 1030-1200

Chaiiperson J A Btagagnolo, NPC Amuita Coip USA

Vite-Chaiipeison C Piapanavaiat, KMU IT, Ihailand

16-1 (Invited) The Fifty PV Roof-I op Chid ( onneiUd

Systems. 481

P SiiipuekpongEGA I, Nonthdbui i, I hailand

XXIX

16-2

16-3

(Invited) Can One Million PV Roof Tops be

Realistically Achieved in Thailand? 483

S Boonyathikain

Chulalongkorn Univeisity Bangkok, Thailand

Power Variation Islanding Detection Method

lot tht 3-phast Gnil-Corrnected Photovoltatc

System 487

J H Paik, J D Kim K J Yoo1 and B H Cho

Seoul National University Korea'Koica Institute of Energy Research Taejon Koica

17-4

16-4

16-5

Hvbnd Powei Station n a Ruial

489

16-6

16-7

Pilot Solai

Area

ISS Ismail A Omar and H Hassan

TNB Rescaich Sdn Bhd Sclangor Malaysia

Eneigy Tlovv Study of a PV/Wind/Diesel

Hybnd System in Taiutao National Park,Thailand 491

T Suvvannakum, U Boonbumroong, S Tei,

D Pongchawcc K Pewkaew and K Kirtikara

KMUTT, Bangkok Thailand

Photovoltaic Gi id Interfacing System 493

D C Martins R Demonti A S de Andrade and

0 H Goncalves

INEP UFSC Flonanopohs, Brazil

Optimisation ofWoiking Conditions of Solar Cells

in Ilybnd Solai Systems undei Conditions ol

South-East Poland 495

J M Olchowik', 1 Jozwik', R Tomaszewskr,

D Szymczuk1 J Adamczyk' T Cieplak1, K

Zabiclsk', J Mucha'1Lublin University of Tech 'ogy, Poland

1

Technical Univeisity of Biala Podlaska, Poland

1 ethnical Session 17

III-V Solar Cells 2

Room A 28 (Wed) 1300-1500

Chanpeison M Meuscl ISE & FMF GeimanyVite-Chairpeison S Supadech, KMITL, Thailand

17-1 (Invited) Super High Efficiency Multi-Junction

and Concentrator Solar Cells 497

M Yamaguchi', T Takamoto2 and K Araki''

Toyota Technological Institute, Nagoya, Japan1

Sharp Corp Nara Japan

17-2 Study on GaAs/Gc Interface in GaAs Solai Cells

on Ge Substrates 501

M B Chen, L X Wang, Z W Zhang, W Y Chi,J r Lu, X B Xiang'andX B Liao'

Sh mghai Institute foi Space Power, China' Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

17-3 Packaging HI-V Tandem Solar Cells for

Practical Terrestrial Applications Achievable to

27% ot Module Efficiency by Conventional

Machine Assembly Technology. 503

K Aiaki M Kondo H Uozumi, N J Ekins

Ddukcs', M Yamaguchi'Daido Sttel Co

,

Ltd Nagoya, Japan'

Toyota I cchnological Institute, Nagoya Japan

17-5

17-6

17-7

P-on-N GaInP2/GaAs 1 andem Solar Cells 505

X B Xiang' M B Chen1 \ Z W Zhang2, J F Lu2,L X Wang1 W Y Chi2 and X B Liao1'Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China

"Shanghai Jiaotong University, China3

Shanghai Institute of Space Powei Sources, China

MOVPE Growth and Charactenzatron or Dilute

IiixGa, xAs, HNy on GaAs for 1 eV Bandgap Solar

Cells^

507

S Sanorpim', F Nakajima2, R Katayama and K

Onabc11

Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

The University of Tokyo Japan

Quantum Dot Integration in Heterostructure

Solar Cells 509

S Suiaprapapich, S Thainoi, S Kanjanachuchaiand S PanyakeowChulalongkorn University, Bangkok Thailand

Can A Spectrally Robust Multi-Junction Solar

Cell Be Made Using Bypass Diodes? 511

N J Ekms-Daukes',K AiakrandM Yamaguchi11Toyota Technological Institute, Nagoya, Japan

'

Daido Steel Co,Ltd, Nagoya, Japan


II-VI Com. Semi 2

RoomB 28 (Wed) 1300-1500

Chairperson II S Ullal, NREL Golden, CO, U S A

Vice Chairperson K Yoodee Chulalongkorn Univ Thailand

18-1 (Invited) Large Area CIGS Modules: Pilot

Line Production and New Developments. 513

M CennemjakKniese', H D

M Powalla1

Kessler1, R

Dimmler21ZSW, Stuttgart, Germany

2Wuerth Solar GmbH & Co

Neckar, Germany

J Ebchardtl, F

Mohrmg1 and B

KG, Marbach am

18-2

18-3

18-4

18-5

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of

Granular CuInSe2 Solar Cells by Electron

Beam Induced Current. 517

G Glaser

Univeisity of Stuttgart, Germany

Electrical Performance ot Constituent

Material-Reused CIS-Based Thin Film

Modules. 519

K Kushiya, Mineo Ohshita and M Tanaka

Showa Shell Sekiyu K K, Kanagawa, Japan

Chemkal Process During Cd2+/NH3 Treatment

of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Absorbers. 521

M Bar', H-J Mufflei1, M C Lux-Sterner', Ch-

H Fischer1, L Wemhardt2, C Heske2,E

Umbaclr, T PNiesen'andF Kaig31 Hahn-Meitner-Institut GmbH Berlin, Germany2

Exp Physik II, Umversitat Wurzburg, Germany3 Shell Solar GmbH, Munich, Germany

In-Situ Monitoring ot the Growth oT

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films. 523

C Chityuttakan, P Chinvetkitvanich, K Yoodee

and S Chatraphorn

Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

XXX

18-6 Preparation of CulnSe2 Thin Films by Metal

Organic Decomposition with Oxidation

Reduction and Subsequent Selemzation Using

Diethylselenide.^

525

N Takayamd', H Nakanishi', S F Chichibu2, and

S Ando1'

Tokyo University of Science, Japan2

University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

LO18-003 EBIC Investigations of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film

Solar Cells. 527

S Ishizukal, K Sakurai', A Yamada', K Matsubaia1,P Fons', T Baba2, S Nakatnura2, H Nakanishi2 and

S Nik!11 National Inst of Advanced Industrial Science and

Technology, Ibaraki, Japan2

Tokyo University of Science, Japan


National Programs, Policies & Economics 3

Volume 2 Room C 28 (Wed) 1300-1500

Chairperson P D Maycock, PV Eneigy Systems, U S A

Vice-Chan person S Prascrtsan, PSU, Haad Yai, Thailand

19-1 (Invited) The First PV Mega Project in Thailand

for "The Right to Know". 529

W KhunchornyakongSolaitron, Bangkok, Thailand

19-2 (Invited) Preliminary Cost Analysis of Solar

Home Systems (SHS) for Rural Electrification in

Thailand. 531

D J Parsons

Thai Photovoltaics Ltd, Bangkok, Thailand

19-3 (Invited) Development Status and ApplicationMarket Prospect of China Photovoltaic ElectricityGeneration

. 537

L. Yi

Shenzen Tronhy S & T Development Co , Ltd,China

19-4 (Invited) Photovoltaic Power for Microenterprisc. 541

C F GayGreenstar Foundation, Los Angeles, USA

19-5 The Potential of PV Market for Electrification inthe Mekong Countries. 543

P Thanarak

Naresuan University, Pitsanuloke, Thailand

19-6 Assessment of Photovoltaic Power Markets. 545

K Nandan and U Bhattacharjce

University of Massachusetts at Lowell, U S.A


Modules, Systems &Applications 5

Room D 28 (Wed) 1300-1500

Chairperson H Outhred, UNSW, Sydney, Australia

Vice-Chairperson B Fungummasan, KMUTT, Thailand

20-1 (Invited) Progress in Australian Photovoltaic

and Hybrid Applications. 547

M Watt


20-3 Simulation of Transient Performance of a

Hybrid PV/T Solar Water I leatmg System. 551

Y Sukamongkol1, S Chungpaibulpatana1, B

Limmechotkchai1 and P Siipadungthanr'Sill, Ihdinmasat Univ

,Pathumthani Ihailand

2 Kasetsait Univ, Bangkok, I hailand

LO20-033 Time Responses of a C ivstalline Silicon Solar

Cell to VaiMiig Light Inputs : I univalent

C oniponents Detei nunation. 553

N Wongyao, K Kimkara, C hvataie and D

ChenvitlhyaKMUI I, Bangkok, Thailand

20-4 PV-Bio Diesel from Fanner's Diesel Enginefor Hybrid Solar Home System. 555

J Rakwithian', J Sehnnd', W Rakvvitliian2'

Kassel Univeisity Wilhelmshochci, Kassel,

Geimany2

Naicsuan Univeisity, Pitsanuloke, Ihailand

LO20-034 Effects ol Solai Radiation Level and

Fluctuations on Voltage Vaiiation and

Harmonics at the Point ol Common Coupling(PCC) of a PV-GHd Interactive System. 557

J Thongpion, U Sangpamth, (' I linsakul,K Kirtikaia and ( Jivaeate

KMUTT, Bangkok, Ihailand

20-5 Comparative Study on Performance ol PV

and Wind Water Pumping (or Small-Scale

Piped Irrigation. 559

S Thanopanuwat1 ant) W Iayatr1

Royal Irrigation Dept , Bangkok, Ihailand2CMU, diking Mar, Thailand

Poster Session 2

Room! 28 (Wed) 1510-1630

Ut-V

P-l 12 Storing Sunlight Performance ol (lie Solar

Energy Cell with Phosphorescent System. 561

L Bao)un

Shenyang Eneigy Resource k. Biology Matetial

Inst, Shenyang, China

P-l 13 Analysis of Radiation Response ol 'I riple-Junction Space Solar Cells and Component Sub-

Cells. 563

'1 Sumitd1, M Imai/timi1, S Kuvsaprnal, I

Ohshima2, A Ohr, M Yamaguchi'1Japdn Aeiospace I-xploiation Agency, Ibaraki,Jupun

2

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gtinnu,

lapanI

Toyota Technological Institute, Nugova, Japan

P-l 14 1 MeV Electron liradiation I'fleets on G.i\s

Solar Cell Giown on Si Substrate. 565

N Chundtasekauui, T Soga, Y Imi/uka,II Tdguchi, I Jimbo and M Imai/umi

Nagoya Institute ol I ethnology, lapan

Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference

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