Energy Autotrophs & Heterotrophs | ATP | Photosynthesis & Respiration Overview.
Photosynthesis: An Overview Chapter 8. ATP Energy Storage.
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Transcript of Photosynthesis: An Overview Chapter 8. ATP Energy Storage.
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Photosynthesis: An Overview
Chapter 8
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ATP
Energy Storage
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How do heterotrophic organisms get energy? Consume “food.”
Macromolecules that provide energy: Lipids Proteins Carbohydrates
How do they use energy?
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ATP:Adenosine Triphosphate
• energy-carrying molecule
• Used for short term storage & releasing of energy
Adenine
Ribose
3 Phosphate Groups
high energy bonds
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ADP and ATP are constantly being recycled by the living cell
Use energy to ADD phosphate group
Break bond to LOSEphosphate group to release energy
IN
OUT
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NADP+ and NADPH are similar with adding a Hydrogen
ATP
ADP is like a partially-charged battery, while ATP is said to be fully-charged.
ADP ATP
Energy
EnergyAdenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Partiallychargedbattery
Fullychargedbattery
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Why do cells need energy?
• To carry out active transport Such as ion pumps
• To move organelles within the cell• To synthesize (make) proteins & sugars for life functions• ONE sugar molecule stores x90 more energy than
ATP
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Photosynthesis
Gathering Light Energy from the Sun
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PSN uses Visible Light from the SUN• Travels in
wavelengths
• Distance between crests determines color & energy
• Color seen is reflected, all others are absorbed
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Absorption of Light byChlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b
Section 8-2
Figure 8-5 Chlorophyll Light AbsorptionPigments = molecules that reflect/absorb light
Chlorophyll in chloroplasts photo-sensitive
membrane captures solar energy
Xanthophylls
Carotenoids
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Chloroplasts
In a plant
Micrograph of a chloroplast
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Chloroplasts Structure
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Light Energy
Chloroplast
CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2
Section 8-2
Photosynthesis: Reactants and ProductsPhotosynthesis time for a SCIENCE video
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Photosynthesis
PART 1. Light-Dependent Reactions In the thylakoid Chlorophyll absorbs sun’s energy Energy transferred to electrons
Like “Hot potatoes”
H20 SPLIT & O2 is by products
Charge up & Carry Energy NADP+ NADPH ADP ATP
Think of these like an oven mitt to carry “hot potatoes”
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PhotosynthesisPart 2. Light-Independent = Calvin Cycle (sunlight not directly needed) In the stroma CO2 comes in and NADPH and ATP convert it
to glucose (C6H12O6)
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The Photosynthesis Equation
light
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon Water Glucose OxygenDioxide (Sugar)
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8.3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis
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Light-dependent Reactions Photosystem: light capturing unit containing
chlorophyll Electron transport system: electron carrier
molecules that shuttle electrons, energy released to make ATP
Electrons in chlorophyll must be replaced by electrons from water so that cycle may continue; oxygen is liberated from the light reactions
Light reactions make ATP and NADPH used to fuel the reactions of the Calvin cycle (light independent reactions)
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Light Independent Reaction /Calvin Cycle ATP and NADPH from light reactions used to
break CO2 apart, then reassemble the carbons into glucose.
Called carbon fixation: taking carbon from an inorganic molecule (atmospheric CO2) and making an organic molecule out of it (glucose)
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In your comp book: Label the parts of a chloroplast on diagram
provided p. 231 Organize information:
Light-dependent reactions
Light-independent reactions
Definition
Where take place
Reactants
Products