Photonics for High-End Gas Analysis Dr. Ismo Kauppinen, CEO

17. May 2016 OPD, Tampere

WHY HIGH-END GAS ANALYSIS?

• Key drivers for growing gas analysis need currently are:

1.  Air pollution 2.  Global warming 3.  Safety and security

• Two of the above focus on harmful gases for peoples health in the breathing air

• Concentrations of the harmful gases and greenhouse gases are very low, thus high-end detection analysis is required

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Founded in Dec. 2004

33 employees Turnover 2015

2,5 M€ (70% growth, profitable)

Consor&ummember:-  9FP7EU-projects-  1Horizon2020

University spin-off

GASERA FACTS

Own patented technology

POTENTIAL MARKETS

Safety & Security Food

Gas Manufacturing

Semiconductor

CEMS

Medical

Air Quality

AgricultureProcess control

Power utility

Automotive

Research Petrochem

Basedonseveralmarketstudiesthees&matedsizeofglobalgasdetec&onmarketis$5billion,wheretheSafetyandSecuritysegmentises&matedtobe$1,4billionUSDalone.Theglobalairqualitymonitoringequipmentmarketisexpectedtoreach$6,1billionby2019.

NEAR FUTURE INDUSTRIAL FOCUS MARKETS

Stack Emissions

Clean Air Power Utility Automotive emissions

Technology platforms

Patented sensor

Industrial partners

ROADMAP

Idea hand-held analyzers

2001 2007 2008 2011 2002

Patent filing

2004

Company founded

1. Prototype

2006 1st Investment

1st product

2009 2010 2005 2003 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Research

Industry

Well-being, Environment, Safety & Security

personal analyzers

Preserving life

Power, Energy, Environment

portable analyzers

MINIGAS

CUSTOM MUSE

DOGGIES Collaborative EU-projects

2021 2022 2023 2024

OEMs to Industrial markets

Feasibility

IRON

PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY

•  Photoacoustic effect was discovered in 1880 by Alexander Graham Bell

•  This theoretical potential has not been reached, since conventional microphones have been used for sensing the pressure pulses

•  Gasera’s novel cantilever sensor technology allows the use of the full potential of the photoacoustic phenomena

Photoacoustic spectroscopy is based on the absorption of light leading to the local warming of the absorbing volume element. The subsequent expansion of the volume element generates a pressure wave proportional to the absorbed energy, which can be detected via a pressure detector.

PHOTOACOUSTIC GAS CELL IR SOURCE

MICROPHONE

IR FILTER

CHOPPER

A typical setup of a conventional PAS system

GAS SAMPLE

GASERA’S KEY INVENTIONS

•  Cantilever sensor •  Over 100 times greater physical movement can be achieved

compared to conventional microphone membrane •  Highly linear response

•  Optical readout system •  Contactless optical measurement based on laser interferometry •  Measures cantilever displacements smaller than picometer (10-12 m) •  Extremely wide dynamic measurement range

PLATFORMS

1

2

3

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LASER PAS Reliable and cost effective gas analyzer products with down to ppb/ppt sensitivity in safety and industrial applications. Widely tunable lasers in MIR range enable multi-gas monitoring capabilities.

NDIR PAS Enables sensitive gas analyzer for multi-gas monitoring in industrial applications such as transformer condition monitoring, waste anesthetic gases and agriculture.

FTIR PAS Measures the full IR spectrum of the sample gas mixture and compares the result to library spectra of pure compounds. Enables sensitive and selective portable/hand-held gas analyzers for real-time simultaneous monitoring of over 50 gas compounds. Suitable for CEMS. process control and AQ.

DIFFERENTIAL PAS Enables a small and cost effective single or dual gas sensor with extremely high sensitivity and selectivity for fast open path measurements with response time below 0.1 seconds. Highly suitable e.g. for gas flux measurements, breath diagnostics, and tail pipe measurements

BENEFITS OF CANTILEVER ENHANCED PAS

stability,reliability,easytouse Absorp&onismeasureddirectlyinPAS,whichmakesthemeasurementveryaccurateandfreeofdriP

belowppbdetec;onlimits Can&leversensorprovideshighsensi&vity

widelineardynamicrange,miniaturiza;on,lowsamplevolume Sensi&vityisnotdependentontheop&calpathlength

mul;-gascapability Manydifferentsourcescanbeconnectedtoonecell

suitabletowiderangeofprocessapplica;ons Possibilitytoheatthesamplecell

PRODUCTS

GAS ANALYZERS

•  Multi-gas •  One platform configurable

to different applications

RESEARCH SYSTEMS •  Research PAS cell •  Can be combined with

different types of light sources

•  Includes data acquisition software

FTIR ACCESSORIES •  Measures solid, semi-solid

and liquid samples •  100x faster compared to

other alternatives •  Measures samples where

conventional techniques fail

GASERA ONE

Multi-Gas Analyzer to protect life, health and security

CONCEPT

• Sensitivity – Patented cantilever sensor

• Reliability – Photoacoustic principle • Versatility – can be combined with different

types of light sources (NIR-TDL, DFB-QCL, EC-QCL, OPO, Broadband IR and filters)

APPLICATIONS

LIFE Climate change prevention • Greenhouse gas

monitoring at animal husbandry

• GHGs from soil emissions

HEALTH Air quality for living and occupational safety • Detection of

hazardous chemicals at industrial sites and in cargo containers

SECURITY Border security, prevention of smuggling and human trafficking • Narcotics • Explosives • Hidden persons

Source selection by application requirements

TRACE HF MONITORING IN CLEAN ROOMS

Monitoring of clean room indoor air

HF monitoring

ClearlyobservablespikingwhenlidsareopenResponse&meoftheinstrumentis18secondsApprox.0.5ppbdetec&onlimit@18secresponse&meBackgroundlevelisverystable

HF + NH3 monitoring

SimultaneousMeasurementoftwocompoundsTwodifferentlasersourcescombinedwithonephotoacous&cmeasurementcell

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SHIP EMISSIONS MONITORING Detection of ships using illegal higher sulphur level fuel

PROBLEMS WITH CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES •  Different gases are detected with different technologies

•  SO2, UV-fluorescence •  CO2, Infrared •  NO2, Chemiluminescence •  CH4, Infrared

•  Different analyzer is required for every gas compound •  Air monitoring station with multiple expensive analyzers

and costly maintenance -> therefore the number of stations is limited

•  Already single analyzers are expensive •  Different technologies have different sources for

uncertainty

FEASIBILITY PROJECT (HyperGlobal, TEKES) •  Measured performance for the main component (SO2)

•  Simulated results for future components

Gascompound Integra;on;me Detec;onlimit

SO21s 3.2ppb

60s 0.5ppb

Gascompound Integra;on;me Detec;onlimit

NO2 10s 0.2ppb

CH4 10s 0.5ppb

BORDER SECURITY Detecting drugs and explosives

Drugs and Explosives

•  Headspace measurement with external cavity quantum cascade laser source EC-QCL

•  Different drugs with different composition and purity level were measured

•  Measurements were performed in cooperation with INPS France (Institut national de police scientifique)

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY Hazardous chemicals in cargo container

CARGO CONTAINER INSPECTION

• Currently about 20-30% of tested cargo arriving to major destination ports is identified to contain chemical air concentrations exceeding Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL).

• Requires simultaneous measurement of over 20 compounds with ppb-level sensitivity.

• Most important fumigation compounds are Methyl bromide and Phosphine

• Other off-gassing compounds include: BTEX, Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde etc.

CONCEPT

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INDOOR AIR QUALITY

Analysis of damaged floor coverings emissions

2-EH Detection

•  In some cases, the coverings are installed on wet concrete on purpose to avoid contractual penalties due to delays in construction projects

•  The emissions of the damaged coverings often lead to several, mostly irritational symptoms.

•  O,1 ppb detection limit @ 1 min compares to

what is achieved with current laboratory meaurements, which are time consuming and expensive.

CONTACT AND FOLLOW

•  Tykistökatu 4D 20520 Turku Finland

•  contact@gasera.fi •  firstname.lastname@gasera.fi •  www.gasera.fi

•  www.facebook.com/gaseraltd

•  www.youtube.com/gaseraltd

•  https://www.linkedin.com/company/gasera-ltd-