Photonic Communications Engineering - CIAN

Instructor • Alan Kost • Email - [email protected] • Office – OSC 529 • Office Hours – Walk In or by Appointment

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Photonic Communications Engineering

OPTI 500, Spring 2012, Lecture 1, PCE Introduction

Class Syllabus • Class is divided into three one credit parts

– Optical Transmitters and Receivers (OPTI 500D) – Photonic Integrated Circuits (OPTI 500E) – Optical Transmission Systems (OPTI 500F)

• Lectures to be given by primary instructor and “Guest Lecturers” (CIAN faculty, Industry Partners, and others) who will be invited to speak on specialized topics.

• Exams and homework will determine grade – 2 homework sets for each part D, E, and F count 40% – 1 exam for each part D, E, and F counts 60%

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Students New to OPTI 500 • OPTI 500 D, E, and F will be self-contained • You do not need to have taken OPTI A, B, or C

during the Fall Semester

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Access to Class Material • In the class room • Live on the web with UA’s Elluminate Live software

– http://elluminate.oia.arizona.edu/scheduleMeetingnonetid.php?sessionId=563756

– No password required – May need to download Java

• Class Web Site (access through www.cian-erc.org, in education section) – Lecture Notes – Link(s) to Video Recordings of Lectures

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Class Make-Up • Students on campus at University of Arizona • UA Distance Students • Students at Norfolk State University • Other CIAN and interested students, faculty, and

staff

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Slide #6

Center for Integrated Access Networks

CENTER FOR INTEGRATED ACCESS NETWORKS

Industry Partners

Slide #7 CENTER FOR INTEGRATED ACCESS NETWORKS

CIAN will enable the transformation of the Internet from a transport medium into

a web of services by creating new integrated optoelectronic technologies

CIAN’s Mission

Achieving our mission would impact: • Education (multi-media delivery, e-learning) • Healthcare (telemedicine) • Cyber presence and energy efficiency (telepresence/ telecommuting) • New business opportunities (e.g. entertainment)

Slide #8

Thrust 2:SubsystemIntegration& SiliconNanophotonics

Thrust 1:OpticalCommunicationSystems& Networking

Rese

arch

Proj

ects

Working Group II:Intelligent Access

AggregationNetworks

Use Cases:Telepresence, 3D holographic

Video

Working Group I:Scalable

& Energy EfficientData Centers

Thrust 3:Materials& Devices

Rese

arch

Proj

ects

Rese

arch

Proj

ects

Packaging & TestUA

Optical Aggregation Testbed (TOAN)

UA

Data CenterTestbed (SEED)

UCSD

Use Cases:Efficient Data centersYou Tube, Facebook

Chip scale Testing

UA and UCSD

DataIntrospection

USC

Cross-layerOptimization

Columbia

Network IntegrationUCSD

Optical Device Characterization

UA

CIAN’s Working Groups

Working Group 1

Amin Vahdat UCSD

George Papen UCSD

Working Group 2

John Wissinger, UA Tetsbed Lead

George Porter, Testbed Co-lead

Keren Bergman Columbia


Thrust 3: Device Physics & Fundamentals

Slide #9

Master of Science in Photonic Communications Engineering

Photonics Communications Engineering I & II (Super-Course, Fall 2009) Electromagnetic Waves/Field Theory Mathematical Methods for Photonics and Optics (Spring, 2011) Software Tools for Photonics (Fall, 2011) Solid State Optics Lasers and Solid-State Devices Lab From Photonics Innovation to the Market Place (Spring, 2011) Photonics Communications Lab (Spring 2011) Advanced Optical Communications Systems Approved Elective (Non-Thesis Option) Optics Outreach Laboratory (Non-Thesis Option)

Course Work

College of Optical Sciences College of Engineering

All required classes available via distance learning

= New course developed by CIAN

Slide #10 CENTER FOR INTEGRATED ACCESS NETWORKS

Innovation Internship Option

Students - are assigned to company member of the AzCI or CIAN industry partner - attend lectures by community experts on IP, product strategy, funding - prepare marketing presentations for mentors and local investors - survey competing technology

The Arizona Center for Innovation (AzCI) is a Tucson-based business incubator whose clients are early-stage companies seeking to commercialize locally developed technologies or to work in partnership with the University of Arizona to bring its latest scientific developments to market.

MS Internship Option

Slide #11

Super-Course – Online Teaching with Horizontal and Vertical Integration

Systems Overview

Optical Fiber

Materials

Disper-sion

Device Physics

Optical Sources

Photo-detectors

Optical Ampli-fiers

Networks and the Internet

Transmis-sion

Systems

Error Correc-

tion

Recei-vers

Wave Propa-gation

Pulse Propaga-

tion

Numeri-cal

Methods

Fiber Nonlinear

Optics

Optical Solitons

Detec-tors

Optical Transmit-

ters

Advan-ced

Systems

Materials for Fiber Optics

Graduate Level Modules

Undergraduate Modules

High School Modules

Middle School Modules

Nature of Light

Light and Materials

Refrac-tion and

Diffraction

Propaga-tion in Fibers

Nature of Light

Propaga-tion in Fibers

d2l.arizona.edu cian/C1@n


CIAN Industry Members

Bandwidth 10

http://www.huawei.com/en/index.htm

http://www.nistica.com/index.html

OPTI 500, Spring 2011, Lecture 2, Introduction to Networks 13

Network Hierarchy Core/Wide Area Networks

- 100's to 100's of kilometers- Countries, Continents

Metropolitan/Aggregation Networks

- 10's of kilometers- Cities

Access/Local Area Networks- kilometers

- Campuses, Neighborhoods,Buildings, Homes

Data

Rat

e, C

ost

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Optical Networks

OpticalFiber

OpticalAmplifier

=

OpticalSignal

DispersionCompensation

• Transmission links are lengths of optical fiber (or free-space beam paths) that may have components inserted that condition the optical signal


OPTI 500, Spring 2012, Lecture 1, PCE Introduction 15

Optical Fibers

• Most nodes contain one or more optical transceivers

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Optical Network Nodes

Optical Transceiver

ElectricalOutput Post

Amp TIA

Photodiode

Diode Laser/LED

Driver

ElectricalInput

OpticalOutput

OpticalInput

=+

OpticalTranceiver

OpticalTranceiver

+=


• “Transparent” optical-to-optical nodes are becoming more common.

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“O-O” Optical Network Nodes

OpticalSplitter

OO =

OpticalAdd-DropMultiplexer

λ1 … λj … λn

λjλi

λ1 … λi … λnOO =


• Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) combines lower data rate signals into higher data rate signals

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Time Division Multiplexing Data Steam 1

Data Steam 2

Data Steam 3

Data Steam 4

TimeDivision

Multiplexer

1 432

CombinedData

Stream


Signal Designation Data Rate (Mbps) Phone Call Capacity

OC-1 51.84 672

OC-3 155.82 2016

OC-12 622.08 8064

OC-48 2488.32 32256

OC-192 9953.28 129024

OC-768 39,813.12 516096

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The Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Hierarchy


• A wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) link with 80 OC-192 wavelength channels operates at close to 1 Terabit per second and carries just over 10,000,000 simultaneous phone calls

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Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Wavelength DivisionMultiplexer De-Multiplexer

OpticalFiber Optical

Amplifier

λ1

λ2

λn

λ1

λ2

λn

λ1, λ2, … λn

OpticalTransmitter

OpticalTransmitter

OpticalTransmitter

OpticalReceiver

OpticalReceiver

OpticalReceiver

DispersionCompensation


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SONET Uses Binary, Amplitude Modulated, Non-Return-to-Zero Coding

Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) Coding

Return-to-Zero (RZ) Coding

Bit Period

1 1 1 1

0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1

0 0 0 0


• When data is “circuit switched” a fixed path is established for the duration of the transfer

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Circuit Switching (Telecom Networks)

14 3 2

14 3 2

14 3 2

14

32

14 3 2

In

Out


• When data is switched packet by packet, individual packets (or frames) can follow separate paths

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Packet Switching

14 3 2

21 4 3

31

4

12

43

43

2

1 2

In

Out


• Network convergence refers to the use of both datacom and telecom protocols and hardware in the same network.

• The motivation is to share resources and to combine the flexibility of datacom networks with the high capacity and Quality of Service assurance of telecom networks

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Network Convergence


• The communication infrastructure has evolved so that complicated convergence schemes like this are widely used today

• People agree that simplification would be a good thing

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A More Fully Converged Network

ATM

IP

MPLS

SONET

WDM


• IP is here to stay • So is WDM • The question is how to most efficiently build networks

that use both • Real world solutions must take into account the

current network infrastructure

OPTI 500, Spring 2011, Lecture 8, Network Convergence 26

“IP over WDM”

IP

?

WDM

Photonic Communications Engineering - CIAN

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