Photographic Guide to Bats in VA and MD
description
Transcript of Photographic Guide to Bats in VA and MD
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By The Save Lucy Campaignwww.saveLucythebat.org
Photographic Guide to Bats
in VA and MD
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Slide show is intended for bat rehabilitators and bat enthusiasts. Please feel free to distribute, but be nice and credit the source.
This is a work in progress. Species will be added as photos are procured.
All photos belong to Rich Sturges and/or The Save Lucy Campaign, unless otherwise noted.
In a very few instances, photo credit is unknown. If we have used a photo that belongs to you or your agency, please let us know who to credit. Thanks in advance!
Important information
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Important parts of a bat
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FACIAL FEATURES
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Tragus
The narrow element in the ear
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EARS
Shape
Length
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SIDE VIEW
Color of dorsal vs.ventral fur
Color of wing, tail membrane
Overall size
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FOREARM
Measure!!
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FOOT
Measure!!
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Toe Hairs
Copious?
Long?
Usually need magnification and very good light to see
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Keel
Yes!!
No!!
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Membrane Attachment
At top of toe
At ankle
Only important for a few species
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CLAWS
Some species have notched claws
This one does not
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FUR
Look for bands of color or uniform throughout
Colors will vary within species
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NonmigratoryUses buildings summer and winterAlso uses caves and mines for
hibernationBeetle eater16—20+ grams; 14 inch wingspan2 young per year born late
May early JuneLifespan 15—18 years
Big Brown Bat
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Often uses buildings or barns in summer
Migrates to caves in winter—may move 200+ miles to reach appropriatehibernacula
Forms large coloniesMay roost with other myotis
species7—9 grams; 9 inch wingspanOne pup per yearLifespan 30+ years
Little Brown Bat
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CompareBig Brown Bat Little Brown Bat
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ENDANGERED Uses building roosts, but also
associated with old trees with sloughing bark
Is known to roost with Little Brown Bats
Same size and very similar appearance to Little Brown Bat
Nose is slightly shorter; face has a pinkish cast; keeled calcar; sparse, short toe hairs; small foot
Migrates to caves for winter; recovered over 200 miles from banding sites
Indiana Bat
Courtesy: John Chenger, Bat Conservation & Management, Inc.
Courtesy: NY DEC
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Compare
Photo by Adam Mann, Environmental Solutions and Innovations
Little Brown Bat Indiana Bat
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Closely related to Indiana bats and Little Brown Bats; very similar in appearance
Extremely long ears, extend 4mm past nose when pushed forward
May roost with other myotis species or in small colonies of conspecifics
Same size as Little Brown/Indiana Bats
Migrates to caves for winter
Northern Long-Eared Bat
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Smallest bat in region; 3—5gDistinctive black maskFoot is only 8mm; keeled calcarForearm 30—36mmAssociated with scree and talus
slopesLargest known hibernacula for
this species WERE in NY, now MDRare across range4—5 gramsDependant on puddles and road
ruts for drinking water
Eastern Small-Footed Bat
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Small bat; 6—12 gramsForearm 33—39mmTragus short, curved, roundedUsually uniformly dark Range is mainly south of LBB’s
but overlaps in mid-AtlanticBut looks like a mini Big BrownUses buildings in summerNo one knows what they do in
winter, but one was recovered from a moving box in winter. Possibly had been in attic.
Evening Bat
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Formerly Eastern pipistrelleVery small bat with reddish
brown fur and red forearms6—10gForearm 31--35mmBanded fur; dark, light, darkForms small maternity colonies in tree
hollows and sometimes under decks and in open lofts
Has twins; pups are under 1 g at birth
Migrates to caves for winterAlso killed at turbine sites
Tricolored Bat
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Very distinctive; black with silver tipping on dorsal fur
Medium sized ; 8—12gForearm 37—44mmConsidered highly migratory;
found dead at wind turbinesNot usually associated with
buildings, but have been recovered from open sheds and garages during winter
Some use caves in winterForm small maternity colonies
in tree hollows in northeast or inhigher elevations in mid-Atlantic
Silver Hair Bats
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Very distinctive; buffy, gray, & rust fur; black points; black rims on ears.
Forearm 46—58mmLargest North American Bat;
20—38 gramsMigratory; may move from
Canada to MexicoFoliage bat; does not use
buildingsHighly impacted by wind
turbines
Hoary Bat
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Buffy, sandy, or redMedium sized bat; 9—15gForearm 35-45mmHighly migratory;
common wind turbine victims
Foliage bat; does not use buildings
Solitary; raises young in tree foliage
Mates on the wingOften hit by carsProne to window strikesBlue Jays prey on mothers with young
Eastern Red Bat
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ENDANGERED Lumpy nose Ears more than 1” long 9—12 g Cave dependant year round Very sensitive to
disturbance Virginia state bat!
Virginia Big Ear Bat
Rafinesque’s Big Ear Bat State ENDANGERED Very similar to VBEB Ears more than 1” long 8—14 g Highly associated with tree
hollows in swamps, but uses other habitats in range