Photo Manipulation in the Digital Age Kai Alexis Smith, MSLIS

November 18, 2015

"Keeping up with...Visual Literacy." n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/publications/KUW/Keeping%20up%20With%20Visual%20Literacy%20Figure%201.jpg

ACRL Visual Literacy Standards

What is photo manipulation?

A process to change/transform a photograph into a desired image.

GIPHY. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/art-artists-on-tumblr-vintage-hEPQ13afu6RP2

Old school (pre-Photoshop) photo altering tools

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://digital-photography-school.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/diagram.jpg.n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-d65bb314a6998afcbd60a43241b0f9ea?convert_to_webp=true.

GIPHY. Jon Stewart. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/jon-stewart-why-lYKvaJ8EQTzCU.

… for political reason or to prove a point

GIPHY. New GIF Trump. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/trump-gifted-xipxrJm9BAQcU

"Altered Lincoln." Circa 1865. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/#/lincoln/.

Northerner Lincoln’s head on Southerner Calhoun’s body

“Cottingley Collage.” n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://indiainkelephant.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/cottingleycollage.jpg.

Are those real fairies?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/1537831/hitler-goebbels-shopped.jpg

Where’d Goebbels go?

"IStalin." n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/#/stalin/.

Not again!

“ Mussolini.” n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://wittyherald.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/mussolini.jpg.

What’s different?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://i.imgur.com/8nXrzMp.jpg.

Downing, Larry. "On the Economist’s Cover, Only a Part of the Picture." Reuters, n.d. http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/07/05/on-the-economists-cover-only-a-part-of-the-picture/?_r=1.

… for aesthetics/ artistic reasons

Muliarchyk, Elle and GIPHY. Elle Muliarchyk GIF - Find & Share on GIPHY. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/ellemuliarchyk-art-fashion-elle-muliarchyk-LdPug5ipcfORW.

Filo, John Paul. "Kent State University." May 4, 1970. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/#/filo/.

What’s different?

Gahan, Gordon. "Pyramids of Giza, Egypt." February 1982. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/national-geographic/.

Can you see what Gahen did?

Payne, Steven. “George Free ” n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://creatiwittyblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/inspiration-artist-Steve-Payne-17.jpg

Photo manipulation or transformative art?

Ligorano, Nora and Reese, Marshall. “George Bush.” n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://assets.nydailynews.com/polopoly_fs/1.19102!/img/httpImage/image.jpg_gen/derivatives/gallery_1200/gal-danielheyman-2-jpg.jpg

Photo manipulation or transformative art?

… to change perceptions

GIPHY. Power GIF - Find & Share on GIPHY. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/power-perception-RHjQINxeadbDG.

Mahurin, Matt. "OJ Simpson." June 27, 1994. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/#/oj-simpson/.

… influence public opinion

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://thesocietypages.org/socimages/files/2009/09/Picture5.jpg.n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.11points.com/images/blackphotoshop/wisconsin.jpg.

… influence potential applicants

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.karendecoster.com/blog/archives/smoke.gif.…influence legacy

Di Lauro, Marco. "Al Musayyib, Iraq." March 27, 2003. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/#/bbc-news/.

Iraq 1 year earlier

… influence public opinion

… for marketing, advertising & beauty

GIPHY. Art GIF. HY. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/art-design-beauty-zeRVUN2euarrW.

"TV Guide." August 1989. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/#/tv-guide/.

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.photoshopdisasters.com/wp-content/uploads/tdomf/5176/PHOTOSHOPED%20MAY%202014%20OPRAH%20MAG%20jpg.jpg.

 

 

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://stylecoquettes.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/2003gq-done-feet-kate-winslet-more-artistic-she-was-very-unhappy-and-said-that-the-thickness-of-the-legs-was-reduced-by-one-third.jpg.

What was changed?

BeforeAfter

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://stupidcelebrities.net/wp-content/2015/01/justinfake.png-640x350.jpg.What was changed?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://joannaksiazek92.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/alteration-of-model.jpg.

… hmmm

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://images.hngn.com/data/images/full/4870/rcbeyonce1-jpg.jpg?w=650.

… hmmm

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://d35brb9zkkbdsd.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/SeventeenEditorLetterCropped3.jpg.

Progress?

"Image Authentication and Forensics | Fourandsix Technologies - Photo Tampering throughout History -." August 2015. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.fourandsix.com/photo-tampering-history/it-was-revealed-that-most-of-the-model-photos-featured-on.html.

What’s different here with these H&M models?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.fourandsix.com/photo-tampering-history/?currentPage=11.

Is it ok to lighten a POC’s skin for a magazine cover?

"Image Authentication and Forensics | Fourandsix Technologies - Photo Tampering throughout History." September 2015. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.fourandsix.com/photo-tampering-history/?currentPage=12.

Should beauty ads be retouched?

… for a good laugh

GIPHY. Cute Gif GIF. n.d. Posted November 23, 2015. http://giphy.com/gifs/laughing-gif-cute-minions-Fn7q3cMgPZmqk.

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://tubegator.com/content/uploads/bikini-gun_fake_original.jpg.

Funny?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.eonline.com/eol_images/Entire_Site/2014420/rs_560x358-140520155015-1024.boticelli-birth-of-venus.jpg. n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.themarysue.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/cat_16-550x344.jpg#geekosystem.

How about now?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/26/dc/c7/26dcc7980adc70c0d30d47692ebf5043.jpg.

… to make a statement

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Bxp7ryaIIAAEyrE.jpgn.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/s--QgotkmRj--/q6smzmz1g9mejtfp6xun.jpg.

Original Ad

Altered Ad

Get the point across?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.theblaze.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Holocaust-FB-Photo.jpg.

Does this?

Questions?

n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/08/07/article-2718727-20532FD300000578-100_964x1179.jpg.

Resources"Bronx Documentary Center Altered Images" n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/.

"Image Authentication and Forensics | Fourandsix Technologies - Photo Tampering throughout History." March 2015. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.fourandsix.com/photo-tampering-history/.

"Photo Manipulation throughout History: A Timeline." April 1, 2009. Accessed November 23, 2015. https://ethicsinediting.wordpress.com/2009/04/01/photo-manipulation-through-history-a-timeline/.

"Keeping up with...Visual Literacy." n.d. Accessed November 23, 2015. http://www.ala.org/acrl/publications/keeping_up_with/visual_literacy.