Photo Album by Administrator. Crooped The "School of Athens General to Specific- Deductive Reasoning...
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Transcript of Photo Album by Administrator. Crooped The "School of Athens General to Specific- Deductive Reasoning...
Photo Album
by Administrator
Crooped The "School of Athens
Gene
ral t
o Sp
ecifi
c-
Dedu
ctive
Rea
soni
ng
is ke
y !
Plato 424BC– 347 BC
Get Down with the Inductive Method! It Rocks!
Aristotle384 BC – 322 BC
Quotes from Plato
• “Apply yourself, both now & in the next life. “ • “All men are by nature equal, made all of the
same earth by one Workman.”• “Astronomy compels the soul to look upwards
and lead us from this world to another”
• Aristotle and Plato were two of the most influential men in Western history.
• Plato formed an Academy in Athens which was the first higher education learning center in the western world.
• They disagreed on two fundamental ways of interpreting science – Plato=Deductive-starting from a general conclusion and
finding facts to support that evidence– Aristotle=Inductive-starts from specific facts and builds up
to a general conclusion
Examples of Deductive Reasoning
• All oranges are fruitsAll fruits grow on treesTherefore all oranges grow on trees. *note, this is a faulty statement, but the idea is
Deductive. • If all organisms have cells and if humans are
organisms, then humans should have cells. • All x are y, all y are z hence all x are z
Examples of Inductive Reasoning
• I observed cells in x, y, and z organisms therefore all animals have cells
• Every time you eat shrimp you get cramps. Therefore, you get cramps because you eat shrimp.
• All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore he is mortal.