Phonetics, part 2

October 12, 2012

One Thing• The Final Exam schedule has been posted for this class:

• Monday, December 17th, from 3:30-5:30 pm

• Location TBD

The Last Quick Write

The Last Quick Write

The Last Quick Write

The Last Quick Write

English Phonemes

1. [p] ‘pot’ 7. [r] ‘rot’ 12. [m] ‘ma’

2. [b] ‘bought’ 8. [f] ‘fought’ 13. [n] ‘not’

3. [t] ‘tot’ 9. [v] ‘vote’ 14. [l] ‘lot’

4. [d] ‘dot’ 10. [s] ‘sot’ 15. [w] ‘walk’

5. [k] ‘kit’ 11. [z] ‘zit’ 16. [h] ‘hot’

6. [g] ‘got’

Familiar IPA symbols, same sound:

English PhonemesFamiliar IPA symbols, different sounds:

17. [j] ‘yacht’ “yod”

18. [i] ‘heed’

19. [e] ([ej]) ‘hayed’ ([ej] = a “diphthong”)

20. ‘hod’

21. [o] ([ow]) ‘bode’ ([ow] = a “diphthong”)

22. [u] ‘who’d’

• A diphthong is a phoneme that combines two phones.

English PhonemesUnfamiliar IPA symbols, for consonants:

23. ‘thought’ “theta” 28. ‘chop’

24. ‘though’ “edh” 29. ‘jot’

25. ‘shot’ “esh”

26. ‘vision’ “ezh”

27. ‘ring’ “engma”

English PhonemesUnfamiliar IPA symbols, for vowels:

30. ‘bid’ “cap-I”

31. ‘bed’ “epsilon”

32. ‘bad’ “ash”

33. ‘bud’ “wedge”

34. ‘foot’ “upsilon”

More Diphthongs35. [aj] ‘bide’

36. [aw] ‘bowed’

37. [oj] ‘Boyd’

• The textbook also mentions one more:

38. ‘about’ “schwa”

• only appears in unstressed syllables.

• But we’re not going to use this one!

• We will use instead.

• Also -- the following alphabetic symbols do not represent any English sound:

c x q y

Stress• Stress makes a syllable sound more prominent.

• (due to increased articulatory effort)

• Stress may be denoted by an accent over the vowel in the stressed syllable.

• Examples of stress contrasts:

• “contrast”

• (N)

• (V)

• “insult”

• (N)

• (V)