Phillips nott
16
Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk Ian Phillips – Director, CO2 Infrastructure 1
-
Upload
uk-carbon-capture-and-storage-research-centre -
Category
Documents
-
view
116 -
download
1
Transcript of Phillips nott
Industrial perspective on CCS
marine and terrestrial risk
Ian Phillips – Director, CO2 Infrastructure
1
• Who are CO2DeepStore ?
• What do we mean by a leak?
• Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!!
• Focus on what is useful
Agenda
Who are CO2DeepStore?
A CCS Developer
• CO2DeepStore is a UK
company
– founded in 2007 and based in
Aberdeen
– focussed entirely on creating,
developing and operating CO2
transportation and storage
projects as Operator and / or
investment partners
– acquired 100% by Petrofac in
April 2010
• Petrofac
– A Co-Investing Energy
Services Business
– Designs / Builds / Operates
onshore and offshore facilities
• Company profile (2010 Annual Report)
– Revenues US$4.4 billion
– Net cash $1.1 billion
– FTSE 100 – Market cap
US$7.4 billion (March 2011)
– 14,000+ employees
– 5 major operating centres
• 19 further offices worldwide
3
0
5
10
Capture Compression &
Dehydration Pipeline transport Offshore facilities
Reservoir and wells
Who are CO2DeepStore?
What does Petrofac offer in CCS?
$ $ $ $ $
CO2DeepStore is Petrofacs CCS co-investment company
Who are CO2DeepStore?
CO2DeepStore portfolio of interests
Peterhead
Yorkshire cluster
(prospect)
Goldeneye
Longannet
Rotterdam cluster
(prospect)
Hunterston
East Irish Sea
• During Operations
– Process equipment
– Pipelines – on and offshore
– Offshore facilities
• Post closure
– Abandoned wells
– Geological fissures
– Catastrophic leaks
• But remember
– EU CCS Directive and UK
law require pre-injection
demonstration of low leak
risk
– Everything carries risk!!
What do you mean by a leak?
What do we mean by a leak?
Picture of a Storage Site
What do we mean by a leak?
Picture of a leaking Storage Site
Venting of CO2 at Ischia, Offshore Italy
What do we mean by a leak?
Natural CO2 vents set expectations
• Existing natural CO2 vents
• Volcanic source CO2 emerges from
fissures and vents
Liquid carbon dioxide from the
Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench
• Primary store must be demonstrably
able to contain CO2
– Cap rock integrity
– Oil and gas fields ideal
– Deep saline aquifers more
challenging
• Secondary seals required
• Manage pressure
– Stop before original pressure
• Hydrostatic containment
• Conclusion – leakage from the store
to surface is VERY unlikely
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!!
Will a storage reservoir leak?
• CO2 migrates through porous media
– Rock strata
– Fault planes
– Cement in abandoned wells
• Capillary forces create residual
saturation
– Pore scale trapping
• Conclusion – leakage very unlikely to
reach the surface
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!!
Even if it does leak………..
• Subsea well with
Christmas Tree
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!!
Abandoned offshore wells
Storage reservoir
Min
imu
m 1
00
0m
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!!
What can we see under the sea ?
• Geological leakage of CO2 is
extremely unlikely
– If it happens its likely to be at very
slow rates
• Or so big its pretty obvious!!
– If it happens its likely to be a long way
in the future
– Its likely to be very difficult to detect
• Much more likely is operational
leakages
– Potentially larger volumes
– Short term transitory effects
• Video of CO2 release from pipeline
Focus on what is useful
Conclusions
• Small volume pipeline leaks
– Effects of concentration and time
• Larger pipeline and process
leaks
– Dispersion – speed and
concentrations
– Transient effects
– Long term effects
• Study natural analogues
– Can we spot a geological leak by
its impact on the ecosystem –
without spending a fortune
Focus on what is useful
Research focus
