Philippine's Drama

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Philippine Drama Philippine Drama

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Transcript of Philippine's Drama

Page 1: Philippine's Drama

Philippine DramaPhilippine Drama

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Before the Spanish period, the early forms of the Philippine Before the Spanish period, the early forms of the Philippine

drama were the drama were the duploduplo and the and the karagatankaragatan.. **DuploDuplo – was a poetical debate held by – was a poetical debate held by

trained men and women in the ninth night, trained men and women in the ninth night, the last night of the mourning period for the the last night of the mourning period for the dead. dead.

BellacosBellacos – male participants, they are the – male participants, they are the heads of the games. heads of the games.

**KaragatanKaragatan – was also a poetical debate like – was also a poetical debate like the duplo, but its participants were amateurs. the duplo, but its participants were amateurs.

>> Both were held in the homes. >> Both were held in the homes. >>Theme:>>Theme: was all about a ring that fell into was all about a ring that fell into

the sea.the sea.

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15981598- The first recorded drama was - The first recorded drama was staged in Cebu. staged in Cebu.

>> It was a >> It was a ComediaComedia written by written by Vicente PucheVicente Puche and was perfomed in and was perfomed in honor of Msgr. Pedro de Agurto, honor of Msgr. Pedro de Agurto, Cebu’s first bishop.Cebu’s first bishop.

16091609- Eleven year after, another - Eleven year after, another stage play portraying stage play portraying The Life of The Life of Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara was staged in Bicol. was staged in Bicol.

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Three kinds of plays:Three kinds of plays:

1. Cenakulo1. Cenakulo – It was a very heavy – It was a very heavy drama shown in relation to the life drama shown in relation to the life sacrifices and death of Jesus Christ. It is sacrifices and death of Jesus Christ. It is like a passion play presented and like a passion play presented and celebrated during the month of March or celebrated during the month of March or April depending the exact date of the April depending the exact date of the Holy weekHoly week

Two kinds of presentations:Two kinds of presentations: The Ablada (oral)The Ablada (oral) Kantada (song) Kantada (song)

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*Several versions of Cenakulo: The *Several versions of Cenakulo: The Tagalog, Iluko, Kapampangan, Bikol Tagalog, Iluko, Kapampangan, Bikol and Bisayan Version.and Bisayan Version.

*The Cenakulo is divided into *The Cenakulo is divided into several parts, one part for each several parts, one part for each night of the Holy Week. Each night of the Holy Week. Each performance lasts from 3-4hours. In performance lasts from 3-4hours. In Malibay, Pasay for instance, the Malibay, Pasay for instance, the entire Cenakulo cycle starts with entire Cenakulo cycle starts with the creation and ends with the creation and ends with resurrection resurrection

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CenakuloCenakulo

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2. Moro-moro2. Moro-moro – It is a cloak and dagger – It is a cloak and dagger play depicting the was between the play depicting the was between the Christians and the Muslims with the Christians and the Muslims with the Christians always on the winning side. Christians always on the winning side.

Fr. Jeronimo PerezFr. Jeronimo Perez – wrote the first – wrote the first moro-moro and was staged in Manila in moro-moro and was staged in Manila in 1637, to commemorate Governor 1637, to commemorate Governor General Consuera’s victory over the General Consuera’s victory over the Muslims of Mindanao. Muslims of Mindanao.

>> it becomes the favorite play of the >> it becomes the favorite play of the people, especially during the town people, especially during the town fiestas.fiestas.

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Moro-moroMoro-moro

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3. 3. ZarzuelaZarzuela – it is a melodrama – it is a melodrama with songs and dances that have with songs and dances that have a three in one act play. It is a three in one act play. It is intended to make the mass intended to make the mass feeling towards love, fear, grief, feeling towards love, fear, grief, sorrow or any emotional sorrow or any emotional reactions sublime.reactions sublime.

>it sometimes shows the >it sometimes shows the political and social conditions of political and social conditions of our country. our country.

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>the musical part of the zarzuela >the musical part of the zarzuela has given much opportunity for has given much opportunity for creativity and appreciation of the creativity and appreciation of the audience until the revolt in audience until the revolt in Cavite in the year 1872.Cavite in the year 1872.

>it is played by 20-25 >it is played by 20-25 professional zarzuela artists professional zarzuela artists (actors, actresses and extras)(actors, actresses and extras)

>the Zarzuela is a musical >the Zarzuela is a musical comedy.comedy.

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ZarzuelaZarzuela

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Junto Al PasigJunto Al Pasig (beside the Pasig) – (beside the Pasig) – A zarzuela written by A zarzuela written by Jose RizalJose Rizal and and it was staged at the Ateneo de it was staged at the Ateneo de Manila on December 8, 1880 on the Manila on December 8, 1880 on the occasion of the celebration of the occasion of the celebration of the Feast Day of the Immaculate Feast Day of the Immaculate ConceptionConception (Patron saint of the (Patron saint of the College)College)

>Zarzuelas was nationalistic in >Zarzuelas was nationalistic in theme and plot.theme and plot.

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Popular Zarzuelas among masses: Popular Zarzuelas among masses: Pagibig sa Lupang Tinubuan ( Love for Pagibig sa Lupang Tinubuan ( Love for

Native Land) by Pascual PobleteNative Land) by Pascual Poblete Tanikalang Ginto (Gold Chain) by Juan AbadTanikalang Ginto (Gold Chain) by Juan Abad Malaya (Free) by Tomas RemigioMalaya (Free) by Tomas Remigio Kahapon, Ngayon at at Bukas (Yesterday, Kahapon, Ngayon at at Bukas (Yesterday,

Today and Tomorrow) by Aurelio TolentinoToday and Tomorrow) by Aurelio Tolentino Walang Sugat (Not wounded) by Severino Walang Sugat (Not wounded) by Severino

ReyesReyes Poblete and TolentinoPoblete and Tolentino: two of the most : two of the most

nationalistic zarzuela writers were put in nationalistic zarzuela writers were put in jail.jail.

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1905-19301905-1930: The Golden Age of the : The Golden Age of the Zarzuela in the Philippines. ( Fernandez, D. Zarzuela in the Philippines. ( Fernandez, D. 1978)1978)

Organization of the Zarzuela Foundation of Organization of the Zarzuela Foundation of the Philippines – by the Philippines – by Ms. Imelda R. Marcos Ms. Imelda R. Marcos and Mr. Teodoro F. Valenciaand Mr. Teodoro F. Valencia. The . The Rationale of this “foundation” is “hopefully Rationale of this “foundation” is “hopefully to create a mass base of support for the to create a mass base of support for the zarzuelas all over the country.”zarzuelas all over the country.”

> The foundation successfully revived one > The foundation successfully revived one of the pre-war zarzuela favorites, of the pre-war zarzuela favorites, Walang Walang Sugat 1902 Sugat 1902 by by Severino Reyes in 1977.Severino Reyes in 1977.

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Street Dramas:Street Dramas:

MorionesMoriones – the Morion Festival is a – the Morion Festival is a Lenten ritual that is colorful as it is Lenten ritual that is colorful as it is unique. It is celebrated every Holy unique. It is celebrated every Holy week in Marinduque. week in Marinduque.

Morion Morion – means mask or visor – means mask or visor which is the top part of the which is the top part of the Medieval Roman armor covering the Medieval Roman armor covering the face. It is this mask carved from face. It is this mask carved from dapdap wood that is the Focal point dapdap wood that is the Focal point of the Moriones celebration.of the Moriones celebration.

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Moriones Mask FestivalMoriones Mask Festival

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Pugutan ceremony –Pugutan ceremony – is the climax of the is the climax of the Morion festival held at noon of Easter Sunday. Morion festival held at noon of Easter Sunday. It is held on the dried river bed outside Boac. It is held on the dried river bed outside Boac.

Longinus –Longinus – who at the time of Pilate drove his who at the time of Pilate drove his spear into the side of Jesus Christ as he hung spear into the side of Jesus Christ as he hung from the cross. from the cross.

--When Christ resurrected, He was When Christ resurrected, He was the first one to proclaim his Divinity. the first one to proclaim his Divinity.

>>Men participate in this ritual and go about >>Men participate in this ritual and go about the streets of Marinduque as Morions.the streets of Marinduque as Morions.

>> They perform this as an act of Penance of >> They perform this as an act of Penance of thanksgiving for some favor granted in the thanksgiving for some favor granted in the past.past.

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Ati-atihanAti-atihan

Ati-atihanAti-atihan – is a pagan ritual, which – is a pagan ritual, which has become an annual affair that the has become an annual affair that the natives look forward to with great natives look forward to with great expectation. expectation.

It is the most extravagant fiesta in the It is the most extravagant fiesta in the Philippines celebrated in Kalibo, Aklan every Philippines celebrated in Kalibo, Aklan every 3rd Sunday of January in honor of the Infant 3rd Sunday of January in honor of the Infant Jesus. Jesus.

Ati-atihan derived its name from Ati-atihan derived its name from Atis, Atis, the the aboriginal Negritos of the area in the aboriginal Negritos of the area in the Visayas.Visayas.

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““Hala Bira! Hala Bira!” This resonant Hala Bira! Hala Bira!” This resonant cry fills the air as the people of cry fills the air as the people of Kalibo gyrate through the streets in a Kalibo gyrate through the streets in a hypnotized mass of dancing and hypnotized mass of dancing and shaking. Feet stomping, hands shaking. Feet stomping, hands clapping, bongos beating and ears clapping, bongos beating and ears ringing all sound out the rhythmic ringing all sound out the rhythmic beat of the Ati-atihan. beat of the Ati-atihan.

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The festival was later The festival was later dedicated to the dedicated to the Santo NiñoSanto Niño because of the victories won because of the victories won by the Spaniards in Kalibo by the Spaniards in Kalibo against the Muslim attacks against the Muslim attacks when they were forced to when they were forced to abandon Mindanao.abandon Mindanao.

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The people of Aklan celebrate the ati-The people of Aklan celebrate the ati-atihan dressed in outlandish costumes and atihan dressed in outlandish costumes and get-ups. This native mardi-gras finds the get-ups. This native mardi-gras finds the participants dressed in improvised attires participants dressed in improvised attires of feathers, coconut shells and palm of feathers, coconut shells and palm fronds, as they imitate in their own way fronds, as they imitate in their own way the garish tribal costumes of the Atis. The the garish tribal costumes of the Atis. The merrymaker throw their inhibitions to the merrymaker throw their inhibitions to the wind as they prance about in gay abandon wind as they prance about in gay abandon for 3 consecutive nights.for 3 consecutive nights.

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The Modern Philippine The Modern Philippine DramaDrama

-The modern Philippine drama/stage play was -The modern Philippine drama/stage play was rejuvenated upon the establishment of the rejuvenated upon the establishment of the Repertory Philippines in June of 1967Repertory Philippines in June of 1967 which was founded by which was founded by Zeneida “Bibot” Zeneida “Bibot” AmadorAmador and and Baby BarredoBaby Barredo..

Repertory Philippines Repertory Philippines - - In its 30years of existence it has become the In its 30years of existence it has become the

country’s leading theater company, keeping country’s leading theater company, keeping abreast of new materials and demanding abreast of new materials and demanding outstanding performance from its extraordinary outstanding performance from its extraordinary talents.talents.