Phhilosophy and culture of pakistan

My Country Pakistan1947-2013

”My country Pakistan” Prepared by: Muhammad Mujtaba Asad

PresenterMuhammad Mujtaba Asad

FPTVUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.

Founded by a great man

QUAID-E-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH

• Pakistan located in the mountainous region adjoining Central Asia and the Middle East.

• Has a 1,046 kilometer (650 mile) coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, the Republic of India in the east and the People's Republic of China in the far northeast.

• Pakistan has been called part of the New Middle East.

Geographical Location


Pakistan has four seasons: - A cool, dry winter from December through February; - A hot, dry spring from March through May- The summer rainy season, or southwest monsoon period, from June through September; - the retreating monsoon period of October and November.

Rainfall can vary radically from year to year, and successive patterns of flooding and drought are also not uncommon.

Climate of Pakistan


• The following are major languages spoken in Pakistan:– Punjabi (Panjabi) 61 million – Pashto (three major

varieties) 19 million – Sindhi 19 million – Seraiki (Saraiki) 14 million – Urdu 11 million – Balochi (three major

varieties) 6 million – English is official Language

Languages


• There are 271 big and small cities in Pakistan but the most famous and major cities are listed below:

• Islamabad.• Karachi.• Lahore.• Peshawar.• Quetta.

Major Cities of Pakistan


• Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan. The city has an estimated population of 21 million people as of April 2012.

• It is Pakistan's center of banking, industry, economic activity and trade and is home to Pakistan's largest corporations, including those involved in textiles, shipping.

• Karachi is the most populous city in the country, is the world's largest city in terms of population and also the 11th largest urban agglomeration in the world.

Karachi


• Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan and the ninth largest city in the country.

• Islamabad is a well-organised international city divided into several different sectors and zones. It is regarded as the most developed city in Pakistan and is ranked as a Gamma- world city.

Islamabad


• Peshawar is the major educational, political and business center of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

• Peshawar is the center of culture of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Its culture has evolved over the years and has been principally influenced by Ghandhara culture, Pakhtun culture and Hindko culture.

Peshawar


• National game – Field HockeyWon 1982 world cup.Gold 1984 Olympics.

• Most popular game – CricketWon the Cricket World Cup in 1992 and T-20 World Cup in 2009

Sports


• second-most populous Muslim-majority country

• also has the second-largest Shi'a population in the world.

• About 95% of the Pakistanis are Muslim. Almost 85% of Pakistani Muslims are Sunni Muslims and 15% are Shi'a Muslims

Religions


• The Religious breakup of the country is as follows:

• Islam 173,000,000 (95%) (nearly 85% are Sunni Muslims and 15% are Shi'a Muslims).

• Hinduism 3,200,000 (1.85%).

• Christianity 2,800,000 (1.6%).

• Sikhs Around 20,000 (0.04%) .

Religions


• Pakistan politics has taken place in the framework of a federal republic

• system of government has at times been parliamentary, presidential, or semi-presidential.

• In the current semi-presidential system, the President of Pakistan is the head of state, the Prime Minister is head of government, and there is a multi-party system.

• Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is largely vested in the Parliament.

Politics

• Economy of Pakistan is the 26th largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power, and the 47th largest in absolute dollar terms.

• Pakistan's economy mainly encompasses textiles, chemicals, food processing, agriculture and other industries.

ECONOMY

• There are four main families of musical instruments in Pakistan and more than six hundred Pakistani musical instruments; the most well known are the sitar, tabla, rabab, dhool and bansuri.

Pakistani Music


THE FOUR PROVINCES OF PAKISTAN


Punjab

1. Punjab is the most populous province of Pakistan, with approximately 56% of the country's total population

2. The main languages are Punjabi and Saraiki

3. Lahore has traditionally been the capital of Punjab for a thousand years; it is Punjab's main cultural, historical, administrative and economic center.

Punjab


BADSHAHI MOSQUE Punjab


Punjab


1. Geographically it is the third largest province of Pakistan

2. It is hot in the summer and mild in winter.

3. Sindhi is the sole official language4. Karachi is the largest city,

main seaport and the as well as the capital of the province of Sindh.

5. It was the original capital of Pakistan until the construction of Islamabad

Sindh


Sindh


Khyber

• Previously known as the North-West Frontier Province.

• The main ethnic group in the province is the Pashtuns.

• The principal language is Pashto.

• Tribal system• Most beautiful province.

Khyber


Khyber


Kalash


Balochistan

Balochistan is the largest province (by area) of Pakistan

Scarcely populated

Balochistan


Balochistan


World 5th largest gold mine


World 5th largest coal reserves


World 7th largest copper mine


3rd Nuclear Reactors


5 Big Rivers


World6th largest Army

7th Nuclear Power


7th largest Rice Producer


8th largest wheatproducer


Refined blend of varıous regional cooking traditions of the South Asia . Pakistani cuisine is known for its richness and flavour. It has been partly influenced by Arab, Persian, and Indian Cuisine, it retains its own distinct Pakistani flavour.

Pakistani Food


Within Pakistan, cuisine varies greatly from region to region, reflecting the country's ethnic and cultural diversity.

Given the diversity of the people of Pakistan, cuisines generally differ from home to home and may be totally different than the mainstream Pakistani cuisine.

Pakistani Food

• Pakistanis focus on other areas of food such as beef, lamb, chicken, fish and vegetables as well as traditional fruit and dairy products.

Pakistani Food

Pakistani dishes are known for having spicy flavours, and some dishes often contain liberal amounts of oil which contributes to a richer flavour. Cumin seeds, chilli powder, turmeric, Garam Masala is a very popular blend of spices used in many Pakistani dishes.

Pakistani Food

Traditional dress

• Salwar kameez (shalwar qameez) is the national dress of Pakistan.

• Salwars are loose trousers designed in various styles. • The salwar kameez is important especially during the

festivals celebrated in Pakistan, for men as well as women.

• Salwar kameez is also popular due to the comfort factor.


Traditional dress

Pakistani Bride and Groom


Pakistani Brides


Dholak


Philosophy of Education in Pakistan



• According to Constitution of Pakistan it is State’s responsibility to provide free and compulsory quality education to children of the age group 5 to 16 years

• According to new education policy of Government of Pakistan, English Medium Education is to be extended to all schools across the country

• Government expects to attain 100% enrolment levels amongst primary school aged children in year 2015


Constitution of PakistanConstitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article

37-b

“The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within

minimum possible period”



Levels of Education• The education system in

Pakistan is generally divided into three levels

• Primary (grades one through five)

• Middle (grades six through eight)

• High (grades nine and ten, leading to the Secondary School Certificate)


Levels of Education

• Intermediate (grades eleven and twelve, leading to a Higher Secondary School Certificate)

• University programs leading to graduate and advanced degrees


There are Multiple Education system In Pakistan

• Cambridge system. • Pakistan secondary

education system.

• Madressah system


Madresah system

• They are supposed to provide Islamic Education

• Schools are opened at every corner

• The students are teachers, no proper institution.

• They don’t follow the basic Islamic principles, they Practice violence .


Islam in Education

• In every education system which is implemented in Pakistan, It is necessary to include Islamic syllabus in schools colleges and universities.

• Ministry of higher education implement all Islamic rules and regulations in all educational institutes.


Secondary education system

• It is for general public • It is given in

government as well as private schools

• Private schools are so called English medium schools, they are not organized, and they don’t provide the right type of education.


Cambridge System

• It is mainly for the upper class.

• Middle class cant afford it, even if they do ,they get stuck here.

• It provides an excellent education.


Effects of multiple education system

• It creates differences in society like personality traits .

• It creates complex in different sects of society.

• They don’t mix well with each other, and causes differences.


Technical EducationTe

chni

cal E

duca

tion Technical Education


• There are currently 830 Technical & Vocational Training Institutes in Pakistan.

• The minimum qualification to enter for male is Middle & for female is Primary.

Technical Education


Universities• At the time of

independence Pakistan had only one University, which was Punjab University Lahore IN 1947.

• Now Pakistan have more than 140 Universities of which 77 are public and 63 are private

Universities

Islamic Centers


Islamic Centers

• Provide free Islamic Education with boarding & lodging to students.

• Students came from far poor areas of Country as well as outside from country.


Pakistan’s Achievements in field of Education


LITERACY RATE IN PAKISTAN

• The literacy rate in Pakistan ranges from 87% in Islamabad to 20 % in the kholu district (b/w 2004- 2010).

• In Pakistan peoples of different age having the literacy rate as follows,

AGE LITERACY RATE %

Age b/w 55-64 30 %

Age b/w 45-54 40 %

Age b/w 25-34 50 %

Age b/w 15 -24 65 %

In indicate the with every passing generationLiteracy rate is increased By 10 %


Year ofcensus Male

Female

Total

Urban Rural

Definition ofbeing "literate"

Agegroup

195119.2%

12.2%

16.4% -- --

One who can read a clearprint in any language All Ages

196126.9% 8.2%

16.3%

34.8% 10.6%

One who is able to read withunderstanding a simple letter in any language

Age 5 and above

1972 30.2%

11.6%

21.7%

41.5%

14.3%One who is able to read andwrite in some language with understanding

Age 10 and Above

198135.1%

16.0%

26.2%

47.1% 17.3%

One who can read newspaperand write a simple letter

Age 10 and Above

199854.8%

32.0%

43.9%

63.08%

33.64% One who can read a

newspaperand write a simple letter, in any language

Age 10 and Above2004

66.25%

41.75% 54% 71% 44%

2010 70% 45% 57% 74% 48%

ProvinceLiteracy Rate

1972 1981 1998 2010

Punjab 20.7% 27.4% 46.6% 59%

Sindh 30.2% 31.5% 45.3% 59%

Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa 15.5% 16.7% 35.4% 50%

Balochistan 10.1% 10.3% 26.6% 45%

RegionLiteracy Rate

1981 1998 2007

Islamabad 47.8% 72.88% 87%

Azad Kashmir 25.7% 55% 62%(2004)

Gilgit-Baltistan 3% (female) 37.85% 53%(2006)

Tribal Areas 6.38% 17.42% 22%

view • talk • editIslamabad

Literacy rate of Pakistani districts (2007)

Rank

District Province Literacy rate

Rank

District Province

Literacy rate

1 Islamabad Capital Territory

87% 11 Quetta Balochistan

62%

2 Rawalpindi Punjab 80% 12 Faisalabad Punjab 62%

3 Jhelum Punjab 79% 13 Mandi Bahauddin Punjab 62%

4 Karachi Sindh 77% 14 Toba Tek Singh Punjab 62%

5 Lahore Punjab 74% 15 Attock Punjab 61%

6 Chakwal Punjab 74% 16 Ziarat Balochistan

61%

7 Gujrat Punjab 71% 17 Mianwali Punjab 60%

8 Gujranwala Punjab 69% 18 Sialkot Punjab 59%

9 Abbottabad Khyber Pakhtunkhw

67% 19 Sheikhupura Punjab 59%

10 Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhw

63% 20 Sukkur Sindh 59%

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During 1947-2003 not a single university of Pakistan could be ranked among the top 600 universities of the world…......!!!

But today 5 to 6 Pakistani universities belong to the prestigious group of worlds best universities ….!!!!

UNIVERSITY WORLD RANKING

UNIVERSITY WORLD RANKING


• THESE INCLUDES ,….

NUST , ISLAMABAD UET , LAHORE MUET , JAMSHORO

KARACHI UNIVERSITY QUAID-E-AZAM UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

UNIVERSITY WORLD RANKING CONTINUE…

UNIVERSITY WORLD RANKING CONTINUE…

GENDRE DISPARITY

• Among all the criticism over Pakistani education system the one of the most important criticism is the GENDRE DISPARITY.

• It can be analyze by, female to male ratio (i-e F/M) ratio …!!!!!

FOR PRIMARARY EDUCATION

0.47 0.74 57.44 %

F/M RATIO

1999-20001990-91

INCREASE

•FOR MIDDLE EDUCATION

0.42 0.68 62 %

0.4 0.67 67.570 %

•FOR SECONDARY LEVEL

F/MRATIO

1990-91 1999-2000

1990-911999-2000

F/MRATIO

GENDRE DISPARITY

INCREASE

INCREASE

•FOR COLLEGE LEVEL

0.50 0.81 64 %

• IT IS VERY MUCH IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT There is a big gender disparity difference in tribal areas such as sawat district etc…. Where Taliban enforcement of a complete ban on female education.

1990-91 1999-2000

F/MRATIO

GENDRE DISPARITY

INCREASE

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