PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES

GOVAN MBEKI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 0



TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5

1.1. PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

1.2. BACKGROUND ON SPATIAL POLICY AND LEGISLTATION IN SOUTH AFRICA ........................................................................................................................................... 5

2. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

2.1. UN-HABITAT INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES ON URBAN AND TERRITORIAL PLANNING ........................................................................................................................ 10

2.2. MAN, AND THE BIOSPHERE PROGRAMME (UNESCO) .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10

2.2.1. SPATIAL DIRECTIVES .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

2.3. SADC TRANSFRONTIER CONSERVATION AREAS .................................................................................................................................................................................... 11


2.4. NEPAD SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES .................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

2.4.1. MAPUTO DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

2.4.2. PHALABORWA SPATIAL DVELOPEMNT INITIATIVE ........................................................................................................................................................................... 12

2.4.3. TRANSNATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES ................................................................................................................................................................... 12

2.4.4. IMPLICATIONS ON THE MPUMALANGA PROVINCE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 14

3. NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15

3.1. CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, 1996 (ACT NO. 108 OF 1996) ........................................................................................................................... 15


3.2. MUNICIPAL SYSTEMS, 2000 (ACT NO. 32 OF 2000) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 16


3.3. SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ACT, 2013 (ACT NO. 16 OF 2013) ....................................................................................................................... 17

3.3.1. THE SPATIAL DIRECTIVES .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17

3.4. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT, 1998 (ACT NO. 107 OF 1998) (NEMA) ................................................................................................................. 19




3.5. INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS FRAMEWORK ACT, 2005 (ACT NO. 13 OF 2005) .......................................................................................................................... 19


3.6. WHITE PAPER OF LAND POLICY AND RELATED POLICIES ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19


3.7. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN: VISION 2035 .................................................................................................................................................................................... 20


3.8. NATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK (DRAFT) ................................................................................................................................................................. 22


3.9. MEDIUM TERM STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK OUTCOMES 9, 13, AND 16 ................................................................................................................................................. 23


3.10. NEW GROWTH PATH ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23

3.10.1. SPATIAL DIRECTIVES ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

3.11. BREAKING NEW GROUND POLICY 2004 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23


3.12. SOCIAL HOUSING POLICY ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24


3.13. STATE OF THE NATION ADDRESS 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27


3.14. NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28


3.15. INDUSTRIAL POLICY ACTION PLAN ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29


3.16. THE REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ....................................................................................................................................................................... 29




3.17. AGRICULTURAL POLICY ACTION PLAN .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30


3.18. NATIONAL TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN (NATMAP), 2050 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31


3.19. INTEGRATED URBAN DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................................................................................. 33


3.20. COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 2009............................................................................................................................................................. 33


3.21. NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................................................................................... 34


4. PROVINCIAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35

4.1. MPUMALANGA VISION 2030 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 35


4.2. MPUMALANGA ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT PATH, 2011 ............................................................................................................................................. 36


4.3. MPUMALANGA PROVINCIAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK .................................................................................................................................................. 37


4.4. MPUMALANGA INFRASTRUCTURE MASTER PLAN ................................................................................................................................................................................ 41


4.5. HUMAN SETTLEMENT MASTER PLAN (2013) ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 41


4.6. MPUMALANGA TOURISM GROWTH STRATEGY (2018) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 46




4.7. PROVINCIAL COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ................................................................................................................................................. 46


4.8. BIODIVERSITY SECTOR PLAN, 2014 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47


4.9. MPUMALANGA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN .............................................................................................................................................................................. 50


5. DISTRICT AND LOCAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 53

5.1. GERT SIBANDE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2019-2020 .................................................................................................................... 53


5.2. GERT SIBANDE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................................. 53

5.2.1. CORRIDOR AND NODAL DEVELOPMENT........................................................................................................................................................................................... 53

5.2.2. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54

5.2.3. TOURISM AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 54

5.2.4. AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 54

5.2.5. MINING AND ENERGY RELATED DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................................................................................................................. 54

5.2.6. URBAN DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54

5.2.7. RURAL DEVELOPMENT ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 55

5.2.8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION ................................................................................................................................................................. 55

5.3. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2020-2021 ................................................................................................................................... 57


5.4. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................................................ 57


5.5. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ..................................................................................................................................... 58




5.6. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY HOUSING SECTOR PLAN ....................................................................................................................................................................... 59


6. VISION DIRECTIVES ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 61

6.1. SUMMARY AND THEMES FROM FOR THE MPUMALANGA ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ............................................................................ 62

6.1.1. SUMMARY OF KEY THEMES .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 64

6.2. GMM INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES AND KEY THEMES FOR SPATIAL VISION STATEMENT .................................................................. 65

6.2.1. SUMMARY OF KEY THEMES .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 65

6.3. THEMES FOR THE SPATIAL VISION AND THE PROPOSED GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPAL SPATIAL VISION ................................................................................................ 66

6.4. THE PROPOSED GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK VISION .......................................................................................................... 68

LIST OF MAPS

MAP 1: REGIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 13

MAP 2: NATIONAL TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN 2050 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 32

MAP 3: MPUMALANGA PROVINCIAL SDF GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY EXTRACT 1............................................................................................................................................ 39

MAP 4: MPUMALANGA PROVINCIAL SDF GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY EXTRACT 2............................................................................................................................................ 40

MAP 5: HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PRIORITY NODAL AREAS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 44

MAP 6: HOUSING PROGRAMME CONSOLIDATED .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 45

MAP 7: MPUMALANGA BIODIVERSITY SECTOR PLAN ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 49

MAP 8: INDUSTRIAL CENTRES OF COMPETENCE .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52

MAP 9: GERT SIBANDE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY SDF COMPOSITE MAP ................................................................................................................................................................ 56

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1: SPHERES OF RSA GOVERNMENT .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

FIGURE 2: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

FIGURE 3: SPLUMA DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18



FIGURE 4: THE NDPS PROPOSED NATIONAL SCHEMA FOR SPATIAL ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21

FIGURE 5: NSDF VISION AND MISSION STATEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 22

FIGURE 6: MPUMALANGA VISION 2030 - MPUMALANGA PROVINCIAL SDF ......................................................................................................................................................... 36

FIGURE 7: GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY PROPOSED SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK VISION STATEMENT ............................................................................................. 68

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1: SUMMARY OF OBJECTIVES AND THEMES OF PROVINCIAL ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT PATH ...................................................................................... 62

TABLE 2: GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY LM IDP STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES AND KEY THEMES SPATIAL VISION STATEMENT .................................................................................. 65

TABLE 3: THEMES FOR THE SPATIAL VISION AND PROPOSED GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL VISION ..................................................................................................... 66



1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The Spatial Development

Framework (herein

referred to as SDF) for the

Govan Mbeki Local

Municipality (herein

referred to as GMLM) is

undertaken in accordance

with a set of policies and

legislation emanating from

all spheres of government,

namely national, provincial and local government, as well as international

development policies. Furthermore, these policies and laws will act as

guidelines for the development of the SDF. The need for a policy and

legislative review is to guide the development of the SDF in a manner that

aligns with the goals and objectives of the aforementioned spheres of

government, as well as international policies. This report is, therefore

submitted to the Govan Mbeki Local Municipality for the purpose of

providing the policy and legislative framework under which the SDF is

developed.

1.2. BACKGROUND ON SPATIAL POLICY AND LEGISLTATION IN

SOUTH AFRICA

Development within South Africa is guided by a multitude of legislations.

Since the introduction of the democratic dispensation in South Africa, the

notion of spatial planning, given effect in the form of spatial development

plans and spatial targeting, has gained momentum. This is the case in all

spheres of government.

This followed the realization by national government that the rural areas

need attention in terms of development and proper management. Due to

a failure by apartheid government to provide a relatively habitable

environment in rural areas. In fact, much attention was paid on insensitive

controls that were blended with the promotion of racial discriminatory

laws that oppressed the majority of the rural population through

Betterment Planning and Group Areas Act No 41 of 1950. At a national

level, this focus first emerged within the context of the Reconstruction and

Development Programme (RDP) and was given statutory emphasis through

the Development Facilitation Act (DFA).

Spatial targeting was first built into the Integrated Sustainable

Development Strategy (ISRDP) which identified 13 nodal areas. The

National Spatial Development Plan (NSDP) was introduced in the early

2000s and has had a profound impact in terms of spatial planning at a

national level. It has since been replaced by the National Development Plan

‘Vision 2030’ (NDP). The NDP is now widely acclaimed as a blueprint of the

country in terms of development.

On 6 May 2011, the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform

published the Draft Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Bill for

public comment. This was passed into law and ascended as legislation in

August 2013 (SPLUMA). It replaced the Development Facilitation Act No 67

of 1995, Removal of Restrictions Act No 84 of 1967, the Physical Planning

Act No 88 of 1967 and other laws. SPLUMA provides, inter alia, for a

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

DISTRICT & LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Figure 1: Spheres of RSA Government



uniform, effective, efficient and integrated regulatory framework for

spatial planning, land use and land use management in a manner that

promotes the principles of co-operative government and public interest.

It provides for and determines development principles, compulsory norms

and standards for land use management, promotes sustainable and

efficient use of land. SPLUMA’s overarching goal is to fulfil the

constitutional mandate by spatially addressing the inequalities manifested

in unsustainable settlement pattern which was inherited by the democratic

government. SPLUMA also recommends the preparation of norms and

standards which provide in-depth knowledge of land use, allocation and

practices within the country. This will promote consistency and uniformity

in processes and decision making within rural areas.

The rest of the policy and legislative framework in Mpumalanga is

mentioned below. The local government strategies such as the Spatial

Development Framework are developed within the broader framework of

these policy intents. In addition, the SDF is also affected by existing district

and local strategic planning documents, such as the Integrated

Development Plan, which directs development of the district and the local

municipalities. This section of the report will provide an overview of the

relevant legislation, policies and planning frameworks for global, national,

provincial, district, and local government which impacts on and direct the

spatial development in Govan Mbeki Local Municipality. The aim here is to

achieve a concise clear understanding of the intention and implications of

these documents in the context of the SDF.



2. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

The concept of a developmental state which applies to both the country

and the province is rooted from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

adopted by United Nations and African Union Agenda 2063 which was

adopted by the African Union in 2013 with a vision of “An integrated,

prosperous and peaceful Africa driven by its own citizens and representing

a dynamic force in the global arena.” It is an approach to how the continent

should learn from the lesson of the past, build on progress and strategically

exploit all opportunities in the short, medium and long term to ensure

positive socio-economic transformation. The vision is built upon the

following 10 priority actions:

• Eradicate poverty in a generation by 2025;

• Skills Revolution and in science, technology and innovation;

Economic Transformation and industrialization through

beneficiation of natural resources;

• Connectivity through World Class Infrastructure;

• Free Trade Area;

• Young people as drivers of the African Renaissance;

• Silence the guns;

• Gender Parity;

• African Passport; and

• Strengthen Africa’s voice in global negotiations.

Since the whole notion of an evolving and progressive nation and province

is not limited to national policy, but inclusive of global programmes

abovementioned (SDGs and AU Agenda), the spatial policy for Govan

Mbeki Municipality should also be in alignment inclusive of the New Africa

Urban Agenda.

This plan has objectives guided by Africa’s Union Agenda and aims to raise

the profile of urbanization as a force for the structural transformation of

Africa. The program aspires that, by 2063, Africa shall be a prosperous

continent with the means and resources to drive its own development, and

where African people have a high standard of living and quality of life,

sound health and well-being; Well educated citizens and skills revolution

underpinned by science, technology and innovation for a knowledge

society; Cities and other settlements are hubs of cultural and economic

activities, with modernized infrastructure, and people have access to all

the basic necessities of life including shelter, water, sanitation, energy,

public transport and ICT; Economies are structurally transformed to create

shared growth, decent jobs and economic opportunities for all. The South

African national and provincial government’s strategies and interventions

should be viewed in the context of, and measured against, these

international development goals which apply to all countries across the

globe.

The provincial government has developed its own Growth and

Development Strategy, the PGDS, which is closely aligned to both the

Sustainable Development Goals. The Sustainable Development Goals serve

as a successor to the MDGs. They include 17 goals and 169 targets that

capture the global aspirations for sustainable development. The SDF for

Govan Mbeki Municipality needs to recommend goals set by the IDP and

also consider goals of the district IDP moreover. A comprehensive list of

the 17 goals of the SDG is represented below:



• End poverty in all its forms everywhere;

• End hunger achieve food security and adequate nutrition for all,

and promote sustainable agriculture;

• Attain healthy life for all at all ages;

• Provide equitable and inclusive quality education and life-long

learning opportunities for all;

• Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere;

• Secure water and sanitation for all for a sustainable world;

• Ensure access to affordable, sustainable, and reliable modern

energy services for all.

• Promote strong, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and

decent work for all;

• Promote sustainable industrialization;

• Reduce inequality within and among countries;

• Build inclusive, safe and sustainable cities and human settlements;

• Promote sustainable consumption and production patterns;

• Promote actions at all levels to address climate change;

• Attain conservation and sustainable use of marine resources,

oceans and seas;

• Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity

loss

• Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law, effective and

capable institutions; and

• Strengthen and enhance the means of implementation and global

partnership for sustainable development.



Figure 2: Sustainable Development Goals



The goals are interconnected, often the key to success on one will involve

tackling issues more commonly associated with another. The SDGs work in

the spirit of partnership and pragmatism to make the right choices now, to

improve life, in a sustainable way, for future generations. They provide

clear guidelines and targets for all countries to adopt in accordance with

their own priorities and the environmental challenges of the world at large.

The SDGs are an inclusive agenda. They tackle the root causes of poverty

and unite us together to make a positive change for both people and

planet. In South Africa, one of the indicators of progress towards the

achievement of the MDGs is the effective and equitable delivery of public

services.

2.1. UN-HABITAT INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES ON URBAN

AND TERRITORIAL PLANNING

The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHabitat)

recognizes that urban and territorial planning has the ability to restructure

the forms and functions of cities and regions, assist in creating economic

growth, prosperity, and employment, while addressing the needs of the

most vulnerable, marginalized or underserved groups. The UNHabitat

views urban and territorial planning as a decision-making process aimed at

realizing economic, social, cultural and environmental goals through the

development of spatial visions, strategies and plans and the application of

a set of policy principles, tools, institutional and participatory mechanisms

and regulatory procedures. Having realized the functions and potential and

urban and territorial planning, UN-Habitat, in 2015, published

International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning. The guidelines

put forward the following four basic planning principles that should be

inherent to any spatial planning exercise:

• advocate physical compactness;

• promote social inclusiveness;

• enable integrated and connected cities and territories; and

• facilitate resilience to climate change.

2.2. MAN, AND THE BIOSPHERE PROGRAMME (UNESCO)

UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme (MaB), is an

intergovernmental scientific programme aiming at establishing a scientific

basis for the improvement of relationships between people and their

environments. The programme identified three strategic objectives for

2015-25; Conserve biodiversity, restore and enhance ecosystem services,

and foster the sustainable use of natural resources:

• Contribute to building sustainable, healthy and equitable societies,

economies and thriving human settlements in harmony with the

biosphere.

• Facilitate biodiversity and sustainability science, education for

sustainable development (ESD) and capacity building.

• Support mitigation and adaptation to climate change and other

aspects of global environmental change.

2.2.1. SPATIAL DIRECTIVES

Currently, there are six recognized bio-sphere reserves in South Africa of

which one is the Kruger to Canyons situated partly in Mpumalanga

province. It encompasses the Kruger National Park, Blyde River Canyon

Nature Reserve as well as other surrounding National and Provincial

Nature Reserves.



2.3. SADC TRANSFRONTIER CONSERVATION AREAS

Southern African Development Community’s (SADC) and Transfrontier

Conservation Areas (TFCAs) are very much similar to MAB’s biosphere

reserves in many respects. With the aim of managing shared natural and

cultural resources collaboratively and beyond international boundaries for

improved biodiversity conservation and socio-economic development,

TFCAs have been established. The critical strategic objectives behind

establishing the TFCAs are;

• Promote conservation and sustainable use of biological and

cultural resources beyond international boundaries.

• Promote synergy in regional initiatives for economic, social and

conservation benefits.

• Facilitate and promote regional peace, cooperation, and socio-

economic development.

• Involve local communities in the programme to bestow the TFCAs

with the legitimacy they deserve. At the same time, provide jobs

and income opportunities for local people living within and around

the TFCAs.

• Enable tourists to drive across international boundaries into

adjoining conservation areas of participating countries with

minimal hurdles or bother.


With the above-stated aims and objectives a total of 14 TFCAs have been

identified and demarcated, out of which the following two falls partially in

Mpumalanga.

• Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park- A vast conservation area,

encompassing 37, 5000 sq.km in size, ranges the borders of South

Africa, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe. This conservation area joins

some of the most established wildlife areas, ecological corridors,

communal natural resource management areas, private game

reserves, and hunting concession areas.

• Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation and Area- It straddles an

area of 10,029 sq.km and borders Swaziland, Mozambique, and

South Africa. The Lubombo is a unique and complex TFCA by many

aspects- it consists five mini TFCAs and includes a range of habitats

ranging from game reserves to ramsar sites to even marine and

coastal conservation areas.

• It is pertinent to mention that Mpumalanga partly falls within

Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany biodiversity region. The region is a

refugee for the critically endangered black rhino. In addition, the

province includes several globally recognized centres of endemism

such as Wolkeberg, Sekhukhuneland, Barberton, and Maputaland

Pondoland.

2.4. NEPAD SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES

2.4.1. MAPUTO DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR

The Maputo Development Corridor (MDC) as part of the Coast 2 Coast

Corridor (Walvis Bay to Maputo) is supported by a transportation corridor

connecting Gauteng to the port of Maputo on the east coast. The MDC was

launched as a Spatial Development Initiative (SDI) in 1996. The MDC is

based on the objectives4 to:



• Rehabilitate the primary infrastructure network - road, rail, port

and dredging, and border posts

• Maximize investment in both the inherent potential of the corridor

area and in the added opportunities.

• Boost social development, employment opportunities of

historically disadvantaged communities.

The MDC also aims to enhance competitiveness through the promotion of

investment zones to accelerate and coordinate investment and social

development.

2.4.2. PHALABORWA SPATIAL DVELOPEMNT INITIATIVE

The Phalaborwa Spatial initiative establishes a sub-corridor between Ba-

Phalaborwa and Nelspruit and is supported by the R40 (linking Ba-

Phalaborwa with the MDC) and Phalaborwa rail link. The SDI traverses the

municipalities of Ba-Phalaborwa, Maruleng, Bushbuck Ridge and City of

Mbombela and focuses on the stimulation of new ecotourism through the

Kruger 2 Canyon Biosphere.

2.4.3. TRANSNATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES

Transnational agreements that support sustainable, balanced and

equitable regional development include, Trans Frontier Conservation

Areas (TFCAs) and tourism based Spatial Development Initiatives (SDIs)

which includes the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park and Biodiversity

Corridor including Songimvelo-Malalotja Trans frontier Conservation Areas

(TFCA). Strategic catalytic economic, social and engineering infrastructure

development supports these programmes.


PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 13 Map 1: Regional Spatial Development Initiatives



2.4.4. IMPLICATIONS ON THE MPUMALANGA PROVINCE

The aforementioned study offers potential points of departure and

possible trajectories of the Provincial Spatial Development Framework for

Mpumalanga. The polices and plans emphasise the critical sectors that the

PSDF must take into consideration to honour the nation’s international

obligation as well as to go with the contemporary ideas of spatial planning

prevailing in the international arena. The key takeaways of the above study

are summarized below:

Sustainability and Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: These two

are the most reoccurring themes and objectives in the above-mentioned

plans and policies. It is therefore suggested that the PSDF should promote

development that is sustainable and resilient to climate change.

Conservation: Mpumalanga is home to some unique eco-systems and

globally recognized centres of endemism. Some initiatives including the

UNESCO’s MaB and SADC’s TFCA advocate for conserving biodiversity and

ecosystems. The PSDF must take cognizance of the existing conservation

initiatives and promote conservation of the region’s biodiversity, restore

and enhance ecosystems.

Integration: The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and UN-

Habitat International Guidelines on Urban and Territorial Planning endorse

transforming of segregated cities and regions into integrated ones. The

PSDF should establish positive economic, social and environmental links

between urban, peri-urban and rural areas and create connected and

integrated towns and regions. Transport and economic development

corridors like the Maputo Corridor have the potential to facilitate regional

integration and trade and reduce poverty, particularly in catchment

regions. The PSDF should give particular impetus on careful coordination

the social, economic and physical development of the corridors and their

surroundings.

Social Inclusion: Inclusion of all type of people is one of the recurrent

issues in few of the above-mentioned plans. Social inclusion is also a key

pillar for achieving SPLUMA’s “Spatial Justice” principle. Therefore, the

PSDF must thrive to build healthy communities that are connected,

integrated and inclusive. The PSDF must also impact positively on providing

basic services to left out communities.

Economic Development: Many argue that facilitating economic growth is

an indispensable objective of any development policy. A few of the above

discussed plans and policies clearly articulate the intention of developing

sustainable economies. It is therefore imperative that the PSDF should

promote economic development while also promoting sustainability. The

Maputo Development Corridor and Phalaborwa Corridor can play an

important role in developing Mpumalanga’s economy as it provides an

excellent opportunity to boost trade within and beyond the province.



3. NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION

3.1. CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, 1996

(ACT NO. 108 OF 1996)

The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. The Bill of Rights mandates

the rights of all who reside in the country, affirming the democratic values

of human dignity, freedom and equality. This stimulation is driven through

technical assistance and capital grant financing for municipal projects that

are linked to a distinctive private sector element or intended to create such

a link. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act 108 of 1996) in

its desire for local government was conceived as “the local sphere of

government with the constitutional mandate to carry out a number of

developmental duties”.


Chapter 7 of the Constitution states that it is the object of local government

to “encourage the involvement of communities and community

organizations in the matter of local government”. Local government must

also promote the Bill of Rights, which reflects the nation's values about

human dignity, equality and freedom, and uphold the principles enshrined

in the Constitution. Section 24 of the Constitution which states the

following:

“Everyone has the right—

a) to an environment that is not harmful to their health or wellbeing;

and

b) to have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and

future generations, through reasonable legislative and other

measures that—

i. prevents pollution and ecological degradation;

ii. promote conservation; and

iii. Secure ecologically sustainable development and use of natural

resources while promoting justifiable economic and social

development.”

Furthermore, section 26 of the Constitution states that: 1. “Everyone has

the right to have access to adequate housing”; and

1. “Everyone has the right—

a. to an environment that is not harmful to their health or

wellbeing; and

i. to have the environment protected, for the

benefit of present and future generations,

through reasonable legislative and other

measures that—prevents pollution and ecological

degradation;

ii. promote conservation; and

iii. Secure ecologically sustainable development and

use of natural resources while promoting

justifiable economic and social development.”

2. “The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures,

within its available resources, to achieve the progressive

realisation of this right”.



In addition, section 153 of the Constitution mandates the developmental

duties of municipalities to their planning and development budgets. It

mandates the following:

“A municipality must—

a) “structure and manage its administration and budgeting and

planning processes to give priority to the basic needs of the

community, and to promote the social and economic development

of the community; and

b) Participate in national and provincial development programmes.”

3.2. MUNICIPAL SYSTEMS, 2000 (ACT NO. 32 OF 2000)

The Municipal Systems Act (No. 32 of 2000) and associated regulations

provide the impetus for integrated development planning in South Africa.

In the development of the GMLM SDF, this process will be guided by this

legislation which specifies the following requirements for SDF’s:

• Set out objectives that reflect desired spatial form of the

municipality;

• Contain strategies, policies and plans which must

o Indicate desired patterns of land use within the

municipality;

o Address the spatial reconstruction of the location and

nature of development within the municipality; and

o Provide strategic guidance in respect of the location and

nature of development within the municipality;

• Set out basic guidelines for land use management system in the

municipality;

• Contain a strategic assessment of the environmental impact of the

SDF;

• Identify programs and projects for the development of land within

the municipality;

• Be aligned with the SDFs reflected in the integrated development

plans of neighbouring municipalities; and

• Provide a visual representation of the desired spatial form of the

municipality, which representation;

o Must indicate where public and private land development

and infrastructure investment should take place;

o Must indicate desired or undesired utilisation of space in a

particular area;

o Delineate the urban edge;

o Must identify areas where strategic intervention is

required; and

o Must indicate areas where priority spending is required.


Chapter 5 provides for the preparations of IDP’s and indicates that the SDF

should be aligned with the national and provincial planning as well as the

affected neighbouring municipalities. Section 23 (1) of the Act indicates

that a municipality must undertake developmentally orientate planning.

S26 (e) stipulates that the SDF must include the provision of basic

guidelines for a land use management system for the municipality. S26 (e)

lists an SDF as a core component of an IDP and requires that the SDF

provides basic guidelines for a municipal land use management.



3.3. SPATIAL PLANNING AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT ACT,

2013 (ACT NO. 16 OF 2013)

This statute is a framework for spatial planning and land use management

in the Republic of South Africa with intents to specify the relationship

between the spatial planning and the land use management system and

other kinds of planning:

• to provide for the inclusive, developmental, equitable and efficient

spatial planning at the different spheres of government;

• to provide a framework for the monitoring, coordination and

review of the spatial planning and land use management system;

• to provide a framework for policies, principles, norms and

standards for spatial development planning and land use

management;

• to address past spatial and regulatory imbalances;

• to promote greater consistency and uniformity in the application

procedures and decision-making by authorities responsible for

land use decisions and development applications;

• to provide for the establishment, functions and operations of

Municipal Planning Tribunals;

• to provide for the facilitation and enforcement of land use and

development measures; and

• to provide for matters connected therewith.

The role of local government in spatial planning has been re-energized

through the introduction of the Spatial Planning and Land Use

Management Act No. 16 of 2013 (commonly known as SPLUMA). The

intention of this national legislation is to introduce the norms and

standards for spatial planning and to specify the relationship between

spatial planning and land use management. This is intended to create

uniformity and consistency on the manner in which both spatial planning

and land use management is practiced within the whole country.

3.3.1. THE SPATIAL DIRECTIVES

Chapter 4 of the Act sets forth the mandate for the preparation of Spatial

Development Frameworks by municipalities. Section 12 states that all

spheres of government and each municipality must prepare a spatial

development framework. Section 21 states the contents to be included in

the SDF. The SPLUMA also outlines the principles with the SDF must be

guided: These are as follows:

• Spatial Justice

• Spatial Sustainability

• Efficiency

• Spatial Resilience

• Good Governance

Part E stipulates that the Municipal Spatial Development Framework must

cover the following issues, which are and will be addressed per phase in

accordance with the methodology.



Figure 3: SPLUMA Development Principles



3.4. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT, 1998

(ACT NO. 107 OF 1998) (NEMA)

The objective of the statute is to provide for co-operative, environmental

governance by establishing principles for decision-making on matters

affecting the environment, institutions that will promote co-operative

governance and procedures for coordinating environmental functions

exercised by organs of state; and to provide for matters connected

therewith.


Govan Mbeki Municipality is characterized by a number of intrinsic

environmental qualities which needs to be enhanced and maintained as

such it is important to comply with the National Environmental

Management Act No. 107 of 1998 (NEMA). Priority conservation areas

have been identified within the municipal area and their sustainability is

depended on the application of NEMA to ensure that they are use

sustainably.

3.5. INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS FRAMEWORK ACT,

2005 (ACT NO. 13 OF 2005)

The purpose of the act is to development a framework for all spheres of

government to promote and facilitate intergovernmental relations; to

provide for mechanisms and procedures to facilitate the settlement of

intergovernmental disputes; and to provide for matters connected

therewith.


The projects to be proposed and implemented as part of the SDF strategy

will require the cooperation and coordination of all three government

spheres. These are, inter alia, projects such as human settlements projects

(GMLM, HDA and the MP DoHS), local economic development projects as

well as roads maintenance and upgrading projects. The coordination of all

such as project will be undertaken using the framework provided for in this

act.

3.6. WHITE PAPER OF LAND POLICY AND RELATED POLICIES

The White Paper on Land Policy is the result of a two-and-a-half-year

process of policy development, consultation and lessons from early

implementation. The current patterns of land ownership strongly reflect

the political and economic conditions of the apartheid era. Racially based

land policies were a cause of insecurity, landlessness and poverty amongst

black people, and a cause of inefficient land administration and land use.

The White Paper mandates all land policies to deal with the following:

• the injustices of racially based land dispossession;

• the inequitable distribution of land ownership;

• the need for security of tenure for all;

• the need for sustainable use of land;

• the need for rapid release of land for development;

• the need to record and register all rights in property; and

• the need to administer public land in an effective manner.




Land ownership patterns in the municipality typically resemble and are

evidence of former planning practices. Furthermore, there are large tracks

of land in the municipality which are privately owned. This inhibits the

municipality for using land for public benefit, such as low-cost housing for

low to middle income earners.

This policy therefore forms a framework for land reform in the

municipality. The proposed SDF therefore seeks to identify interventions

which will speed the land reform programmes as well as create an

equitable pattern of land ownership in the municipality.

3.7. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN: VISION 2035

The National Development Plan (NDP) is the national principal plan for

South Africa aims to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality by 2030. It

aims to achieve this by growing an inclusive economy, building capabilities,

enhancing the capacity of the state, and promoting leadership and

partnerships throughout society. The NDP 2030 presents a long-term

vision for South Africa and addressed the Governments programme to

“attack” poverty and deprivation with the aim of nation building. The plan

contains strategies on a range of key issues including employment,

infrastructure, foreign trade, education, health, housing, social protection

and safety. The NDP proposes creating 11 million jobs by 2030, which

should reduce the unemployment rate to 14% by 2020 and to 6% by 2030.

Total employment should rise from 13 million to 24 million by 2030. The

proportion of adults working would then increase from 41% to 61%. The

plan to achieve these targets includes:

• A focus on increasing exports (focusing on those areas where SA

already has the endowments and comparative advantage –

mining, construction, manufacturing, agriculture, agro-processing,

tourism and business services);

• building the linkages between export earnings and job creation,

which often occur in domestically focused small and medium sized

firms, most often in the services sector;

• increasing the size and effectiveness of the innovation system;

supporting small business;

• reducing the regulatory burden in sectors where the private sector

is the main investor;

• improving water, transport and energy infrastructure; improving

the quality of education and the skills base;

• providing greater policy and regulatory certainty to investors;

• improving the functioning of the labour market;

• reforming the public health system; providing better safety and

security for all citizens;

• more reliable and affordable public transport; better housing

development (including a better urban planning approval process);

increased rural development; and,

• An effective welfare services

• Transforming society and uniting the country.

These principles form the core of human development (by implication,

increasing the human development index of the country). All these

principles also form the main priorities of spatial development. According

to the chapter 5 of the NDP, the focus is mainly on environmental

sustainability and resilience through an equitable transition to a low



Figure 4: The NDPs Proposed National Schema for Spatial

carbon economy. This has implications on manner in which spatial planning

and development is approached in South Africa.

Chapter 6 sets forth targets and goals towards establishing more inclusive

economy through integrating the rural areas into the development

intentions of the municipality. In the main, the focus is on increasing

investment new agricultural technologies, research and development in

the agricultural sphere. Chapter 8 of the NDP focuses on the country’s

spatial planning system, requires that: all municipal and provincial Spatial

Development Frameworks (SDFs) are translated into ‘spatial contracts that

are binding across national, provincial and local governments’; the current

planning system should ‘actively support the development of plans that

cross municipal and even provincial boundaries’, especially to deal with

biodiversity protection, climate-change adaptation, tourism and

transportation; and every municipality should have an ‘explicit spatial

restructuring strategy’ which must include the identification of ‘priority

precincts for spatial restructuring’.


The NDP provides for spatial development proposals as part of the national

spatial development interventions referenced schematically in Figure 4

• Primary Transnational Development Corridors and cross border

infrastructure connections. These include:

o The Maputo Development Corridor (MDC) which runs

through the province as the N4 freeway;

o The Ermelo-Richards Bay Freight Corridor;

o A link between Ermelo and Swaziland;

• Gauteng as a national Node of Competiveness which strongly

associates with the nearby economic activity nodes in proximity to

Gauteng, which relates to eMalahleni, Middelburg, Secunda and

Nelspruit as part of the Maputo Development Corridor.

• The National Competiveness Corridor building on the Durban-

Gauteng Freight Corridor, providing for logistics hubs, road, rail

and fuel transportation.

• Rural Restructuring Zones: These zones include the more densely

occupied parts of the previous homelands where there is sufficient

numbers of people to provide the basis for viable markets through

the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP). The

rural restructuring zones within Mpumalanga as part of the

provincial CRDP programme.

• Resource critical zones: These have valued mineral resources and

are areas of great importance to biodiversity and critical water

production. The sustainability of these areas is crucial and needs

specific policies to protect them.



3.8. NATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK (DRAFT)

The appointment of the National Planning Commission in 2010, and the

subsequent preparation and adoption of the 2030- National Development

Plan in 2012. It was especially Chapter 8 of the NDP – Transforming Human

Settlement and the National Space Economy – that made specific

reference to the need for a “national spatial development framework”.

Such a framework, it held, must optimise, integrate and coordinate the

energies and economic impacts of the strategic interventions in national

space. This was recognised as important, given the core significance of

space and access to land in bringing about transformation, and ensuring

that people and places benefit from this intervention. The chapter also

included a “proposed national schema for spatial targeting” (see Figure 4)

and set out a series of directives for such a framework but stopped short

from providing it.

The NSDF must accelerate spatial transformation and ensure that

equitable outcomes are achieved. It must do so in full recognition of (1) the

need for urgency to act on redressing the apartheid spatial legacy, and (2)

the scale of what the redress requires in terms of approach, resource use,

and state capability. It needs to ensure that segregated development is

reversed, and fundamentally improve the spatial quality, livability vibrancy

and productive capacity of places in which Black families live. The NSDF

must provide guidance on the minimum amenities, functions and services

that different types of settlements in the country must have or provide.

This will be enhanced by the Norms and Standards that the DRDLR is

preparing in accordance with SPLUMA in a separate process.

The NSDF must ensure that the ecological base on which all livelihoods and

economic growth depends is protected and harnessed. As such, it must

provide for (1) the development of sustainable human settlements in the

national space with the long-term future in mind, and (2) the wise effective

and inclusive use and enjoyment of the country’s land, water and energy

resources. The Spatial Development Vision and Mission that is proposed

for our country, based on these drivers, builds on the overarching goal of

equity, unity and connectedness, and reads as follows:


Although the National Spatial Development Framework makes no mention

of GMLM, the high-level frames of the NSDF will be incorporated into the

Govan Mbeki Municipality SDF thereby establishing the vertical linkage to

the national spatial development plan.

Vision Statement:

“All Our People Living in Shared and Transformed Places in an

Integrated, Sustainable and Competitive National Space Economy”

Mission Statement:

“Making our Common Desired Spatial Future Together Through

Better Planning, Investment, Delivery and Monitoring”

Figure 5: NSDF Vision and Mission Statements



3.9. MEDIUM TERM STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK OUTCOMES 9,

13, AND 16

The MTSF is Government’s strategic plan for the 2014-2019 electoral term.

It reflects the commitments made in the election manifesto of the

governing party, including the commitment to implement the NDP. The

MTSF sets out the actions Government will take and targets to be achieved.

It also provides a framework for the other plans of national, provincial and

local government. The strategic focus areas for the next 5 years have been

identified as:

• Radical economic transformation, rapid economic growth and job

creation

• Rural development, land and agrarian reform and food security

• Ensuring access to adequate human settlements and quality basic

services

• Improving the quality of and expanding access to education and

training

• Ensuring quality health care and social security for all citizens

• Fighting corruption and crime

• Contributing to a better Africa and a better world

• Social cohesion and nation building.


One of the main issues in the GMLM is the joblessness and economic

development, as well as issues relative to human settlements/housing

backlogs. The SDF aligns with this policy in that it has targeted areas if

highest need as well as areas of focus in for intervention implementation.

3.10. NEW GROWTH PATH

The New Growth Path was established to address the economic downturn

since 2008 with the aim of to grow the economy by 7%, create 37000 jobs

per annum and create 5 million additional jobs by 2020. The NGP economic

development focus areas are as follows:

• Employment creation;

• Cross-cutting development policy package for growth, decent

work and equity;

• Proposals for macro-economic policy, micro-economic policy, and

social partners;

• Resources required to support economic development; and

• Incorporation of stakeholders in the economy through

institutional arrangements.


The SDF, through the implementation plan and SDF strategy will place

emphasis on the focus areas contemplated by the New Growth Path. The

municipality is faced with a plethora of challenges touching these areas and

as such, the SDF, through a bespoke assessment of the current situation

will identify areas of need and development pressures to combat in the

municipality.

3.11. BREAKING NEW GROUND POLICY 2004

The Breaking New Ground Policy 2004 was adopted by government as a

framework policy which focuses on a holistic approach to developing

human settlements, including the provision of social and economic



infrastructure. The BNG Policy prescribes that housing delivery should

comply with the following objectives:

• Safe and secure environments;

• Adequate access to economic opportunities;

• A mix of safe and secure housing and tenure types;

• Reliable and affordable basic services, educational, entertainment,

health, welfare and police services within a multipurpose cluster

concept;

• Compact, mixed land use, diverse, pedestrian friendly, and

promotes good quality of life;

• Low-income housing in close proximity to areas of opportunity;

• Integrated, functional, and environmentally sustainable human

settlements, towns and cities;

• Social (Medium-Density) Housing; and Alternative technology and

design.


The policy emphasizes the development of human settlements as opposed

to housing, the former of which focuses not only on housing as the

development of top structures, seeing housing as also the provision of

associated services such as water, sanitation and electrification. SPLUMA

mandates that the SDF needs to identify strategic areas for the

development of human settlements. The SDF, therefore will include rural

housing as well as social housing within the municipality to close the

current housing backlog in the municipality.

3.12. SOCIAL HOUSING POLICY

The primary objectives of the Social Housing Programme include:

• Contributing to the national priority of restructuring South African

society in order to address structural, economic, social and spatial

dysfunctionalities and imbalances to achieve Government’s vision

of an economically empowered, non-racial, and integrated society

living in sustainable human settlements; and

• Improving and contributing to the overall functioning of the

housing sector and in particular the rental sub-component, as far

as social housing is able to contribute to widening the range of

housing options available to the poor.

The most important elements of urban restructuring include:

Spatial Restructuring - Spatial restructuring is necessary to address the

needs of the urban poor (most black), who are located far away or

completely excluded from the economic opportunities. The majority of

these people also have limited or inadequate access to housing. Therefore;



it is necessary to restructure the town by means of identifying

appropriately located land for the provision of social housing, where places

work, live, and play can be created;

Economic Restructuring - Economic restructuring will occur when social

housing is used as a tool for economic revitalization of poorly performing

towns. Introduction of social housing in economically underperforming

towns has had a positive impact in a number of towns country wide. The

number of fully completed houses will determine the scale and number of

sustainable jobs created during construction. The end result will be an

empowered population, which is able to use the building skills to make a

living whilst creating sustainable human settlements; and

Social Restructuring - Social housing can be used as a tool to create stable

social environments that integrate with town with the rest of the LM. This

also means the creation of a “sense of place” where residents have a sense

of belonging and feel secured. Social housing can also be used to achieve

social integration amongst people of different racial groups and

backgrounds.

The Guiding Principles for Social Housing include:

• Promoting urban restructuring through the social, physical, and

economic integration of housing development into existing areas.

• Promoting establishment of well-managed, quality rental housing

options for the poor.

• Responding to local housing demand.

• Delivering housing for a range of income groups, in such a way as

to allow social integration and financial cross subsidization.

• Supporting the economic development of low-income

communities in a number of ways.

• Fostering the creation of quality living environments for low-

income persons.

• Promoting a safe, harmonious, and socially responsible

environment both internal to the project and in the immediate

urban environs.

• Promoting the creation of sustainable and viable projects.

• Encouraging the involvement of private sector where possible.

• Facilitating the involvement of residents in the project and/or key

stakeholders in the broader environment.

• Ensuring secure tenure for the residents of projects, on the basis

of the general provisions for the relationship between residents

and landlords as defined in the Housing Act, 1997 and the Rental

Act, 50 of 1999.

• Supporting mutual acceptance of roles and responsibilities of

tenants and social landlords, on the basis of the general provisions

for the relationship between residents and landlords as defined in

the Rental Act, 50 of 1999, the Co-operatives Act, 91 of 1981c, as

well as the Social Housing Act, 16 of 2008. Facilitation, support and

driven by all spheres of government. Ensuring transparency,

accountability and efficiency in the administration and

management of social housing stock.

• Promoting the use of public funds in such a manner that stimulates

and/or facilitates private sector investment and participation in

the social housing sector.



Operating within the provisions of the Constitution, 1996, the Public

Finance Management Act, 1 of 1999, the Preferential Procurement Policy

Framework Act, 5 of 2000, and other statutory procurement prescripts.


The municipality along with the National Department of Human

Settlements has identified restructuring zones in the municipality. These

zones are defined as: “restructuring zone means a geographic area which

has been (a) Identified by the municipality, with the concurrence of the

provincial government, for purposes of social housing; and (b) Designated

by the minister in the Gazette for approved projects” (Social Housing Act

2008). According to the Restructuring Zones Gazette promulgated by the

National Department of Human Settlements, the following areas have

been identified in the Govan Mbeki Municipality:

• Bethal;

• Secunda Central Business District

• Embalenhle;

• Betha/Mzinoni;

• Leogang Precinct

These areas are to be targeted for the development social housing in the

form of rental housing stock.



3.13. STATE OF THE NATION ADDRESS 2020

The State of the Nation is an annual report on the state of the country’s

affairs, progress on government’s priorities and an outline of government’s

agenda for the coming year. The summary of this year’s State of the Nation

Address which was delivered by President Cyril Ramaphosa included and

tapped on the following:

On Land Reform: The expropriation of land without compensation also

remained key, said Ramaphosa, adding measures would be taken to

implement the decision after Parliament has concluded all the issues.

Ramaphosa emphasised that land expropriation would be done with

caution as agriculture is one of the industries with the greatest potential

for growth. "Government stands ready – following the completion of the

parliamentary process to amend section 25 of the constitution – to table

an expropriation bill that outlines the circumstances under which

expropriation of land without compensation would be possible. To date,

we have released 44 000 hectares of state land for the settlement of land

restitution claims and will this year release around 700 000 hectares of

state land for agricultural production," Ramaphosa said.

The president also announced that this year his government would

implement key recommendations of the presidential advisory panel on

land reform and agriculture to accelerate land redistribution, expand

agricultural production and transform the industry.

“We are prioritising youth, women, people with disabilities and those who

have been farming on communal land and are ready to expand their

operations for training and allocation of land. A new beneficiary selection

policy includes compulsory training for potential beneficiaries before land

can be allocated to them,” he said.

On the Youth: One per cent of South Africa’s budget would be set aside to

assist with youth employment, Ramaphosa said during his State of the

Nation Address.

“This will be through top slicing from the budget, which will require that

we all tighten our belts and redirect resources to address the national crisis

of youth unemployment,” he said. The initiative would be prioritised when

Finance Minister Tito Mboweni delivered his medium-term budget policy

statement later in the year.

Ramaphosa said the initiative was one of six “priority actions” spanning five

years to reduce youth unemployment. The initiative would start

immediately he said, under the banner of the Presidential Youth

Employment Intervention.

Ramaphosa said the six actions would ensure that the capabilities of every

young South African was “harnessed”, enabling them to contribute to the

growth of the country.

“We are building cutting-edge solutions to reach young people where they

are – online, on the phone and in person. This will allow them to receive

active support, information and work readiness training to increase their

employability and match themselves to opportunities.”

He said that starting this month, government was launching five prototype

sites in five province “that will grow to a national network reaching three

million young people through multiple channels”.



The network would allow young people to receive active support,

information and work readiness training to increase their employability

and match themselves to opportunities.

“We are fundamentally changing how we prepare young people for the

future of work, providing shorter, more flexible courses in specific skills

that employers in fast-growing sectors need. We are developing new and

innovative ways to support youth entrepreneurship and self-

employment," Ramaphosa said.

“We are scaling up the youth employment service and working with TVET

colleges and the private sector to ensure that more learners receive

practical experience in the workplace to complete their training. We are

establishing the first cohort of a presidential youth service programme that

will unlock the agency of young people and provide opportunities for them

to earn an income while contributing to nation building.”

As part of the intervention, he said, the National Youth Development

Agency and the department of small business development would provide

grant funding and business support to 1 000 young entrepreneurs in the

next 100 days, “starting today”.


The GMLM is in need for strategically located land for the development of

human settlements and industrial and farming development. The SDF

therefore will identify areas strategic for such through nodal and corridor

assessments. Given that the majority of the municipality’s population are

youth, the SDF will need to identify areas of high youth unemployment,

and form institutions to connect the youth to jobs in an around the GMLM.

3.14. NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN

The New Growth Path set a goal of 5 million new jobs by 2020; identified

structural problems in the economy to be overcome; and pointed to

opportunities in specific sectors and markets or “jobs drivers”. Notably, the

first jobs driver was infrastructure. Yet, it was noted that weak capacity,

poor coordination and weak integration currently limit the development

impact of infrastructure in the country. In response, Cabinet established

the Presidential Infrastructure Coordinating Commission (PICC) to:

• coordinate, integrate and accelerate implementation;

• develop a single common National Infrastructure Plan that will be

monitored and centrally driven (summarised below);

• identify who is responsible and hold them to account; and

• develop a 20-year planning framework beyond one administration

to avoid a stop-start pattern to the infrastructure roll-out.

The National infrastructure Plan (NIP) seeks to promote:

• re- industrialization through manufacturing of inputs, components

and machinery;

• skills development aimed at critical categories;

• greening the economy; and

• empowerment.

The NIP comprises 18 identified Strategic Integrated Projects (SIPs) which

integrate more than 150 municipal infrastructure plans into a coherent

package. The proposed SIPs entail both social and economic infrastructure

across all nine provinces, but with an emphasis on lagging regions. They

comprise catalytic projects that can fast-track development and growth.




Note that many of the components within the SIPs have a national

footprint such as the infrastructure programmes for school building,

healthcare facilities and expanding access to broadband. However, the SIPs

that impacts on the Mpumalanga Province are:

• SIP 1: Unlocking the northern mineral belt with Waterberg as the

catalyst (with an emphasis on investment on heavy haul rail links

to Richard’s Bay through Mpumalanga).

• SIP 9: Electricity generation to support socioeconomic

development (including Kusile power station).

• SIP 11: Increased investment in Agri-logistics and rural

infrastructure (high impact catalytic and differentiated service5).

• SIP 18: Water and sanitation infrastructure in the form of

addressing water backlogs and the provision of sustainable supply

of water and sanitation services to meet social needs and support

economic growth. Through the SIPS the national infrastructure

master plan aims to unlock certain areas of Mpumalanga and in

turn in the Govan Mbeki Municipality.

3.15. INDUSTRIAL POLICY ACTION PLAN

The major weakness identified in South Africa’s long-term industrialization

process is that the decline in the share of employment in the traditional

tradable sectors, particularly mining and agriculture has not been offset by

a sufficiently large increase in the share of relatively labor-intensive

employment in non-traditional tradable goods and services, particularly

manufacturing. Consequently, the objectives of the IPAP2 are:

• To facilitate a shift away from reliance on traditional commodities

and non-tradable services and promote value-added goods and

services that competes in export markets (against imports).

• To intensify the industrialization process and move towards a

knowledge rich economy.

• To promote a more labour-absorbing industrialization path, with

particular emphasis on tradable labour absorbing goods and

services and economic linkages that enhance employment

creation.

• To promote a broader-based industrialization path characterized

by increased participation of historically disadvantaged people and

marginalized regions in the mainstream of the industrial economy.


Secunda is the industrial capital of the Govan Mbeki Municipality. The SDF

seeks to identify key challenges in the industrial development and provide

proposals to bolster the sector.

3.16. THE REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

The Department of Trade and Industry formulated a Regional Industrial

Development Strategy (RIDS) in 2006. The aim was to promote regions

based on their economic comparative advantages and to design support

measures appropriate to each region to:

• Respond to persistent inequalities between the first and second

economies;



• Encourage regions to seize current and potential opportunities

presented by both the national and the international market

economies; and

• Encourage the country’s most successful economic regions to

consolidate and improve on their current economic potential.

Notably, since the late-1990s, there has been a resurgence of interest

internationally in the notion of regional industrial development as a spatial

economic mechanism to assist regions to achieve their economic potential

within the context of a market economy. Key features of ‘new’ regional

support include:

• A focus on enhancing physical and social infrastructure;

• A multi-sectorial approach to development which moves beyond

an exclusive manufacturing focus, to a focus on knowledge-based

development, tourism and improvement of human capital;

• A reliance on partnership formation and the driving of

development from the ‘bottom-up’ through regional agencies/

partnerships, able to galvanise local development and tap into

private and state resources and capacities;

• A focus on unique programmes for each region based on local

strengths and opportunities i.e. local comparative advantages;

• A focus on cluster development; and

• Support for business retention and expansion programmes.


Mpumalanga’s critical advantage is its tourism, agricultural and mining and

energy complexes. In a nutshell, it has a well-developed primary sector

which is its national advantage over other and in particular the adjoining

provinces. In addition, strategic and functional linkages with Gauteng and

export opportunities associated with the export opportunities associated

with the Maputo Walvis Bay Development Corridor towards Botswana are

important directives. An additional spatial aspect to consider is that two of

the four main mining nodes in South Africa are in Limpopo (Lephalale and

Phalaborwa) which is linked to Mpumalanga via the R40 corridor.

3.17. AGRICULTURAL POLICY ACTION PLAN

The Agriculture Policy Action Plan (APAP) seeks to assist in the

achievement of Outcome 4 (Decent Employment through Inclusive

Growth), Outcome 7 (Comprehensive Rural Development and Food

Security) and Outcome 10 (environmental assets and natural resources

that are well protected and continually enhanced) of the MTSF (2014-

2019) and aligns itself to the New Growth Path (NGP) and the National

Development Plan (NDP). APAP focuses on a discrete number of value

chains identified as strategic in meeting the objectives of the NGP, NDP and

IPAP and these are:

• Contribution to food security;

• Job creation;

• Value of production;

• Growth potential; and

• Potential contribution to trade balance (including via export

expansion and import substitution).


APAP recognises agriculture as a sector with significant job creation

potential and with strategic links to beneficiation opportunities. When



exploring the different models of rural development, there seems to be

coherent global evidence that agriculture presents the best opportunities

for the advancement of rural development agenda. Agriculture plays a

strategic role in respect of food security, agrarian transformation and rural

development.

As a recommendation, the impact of APAP could also be intensified by

exploring opportunities in the sectors outside of rural development and

land reform. For example, the Province could mobilize for the increase in

the number of schools offering Agriculture as an assessed subject and

support those schools. The Province could offer tertiary education

bursaries for learners who wish to enroll in Agricultural Studies. In this way,

the Province is in a position to make a social capital investment for the

advancement of APAP.

3.18. NATIONAL TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN (NATMAP), 2050

The main purpose of the National Transportation Master Plan 2005-2050

is to motivate a prioritised programme for interventions to upgrade the

transportation system in South Africa. Its goal is to develop a dynamic,

long-term and sustainable land use / multi-modal transportation system

for the development of networks, infrastructure facilities, interchange and

termini facilities, and service delivery strategies for South Africa. The core

directives or paradigm shifts emanating from the Master Plan are to:

• Place greater emphasis on developing rail as a transportation

medium,

• Ensure greater integration between land use development and

transportation planning; and

• Put more emphasis on enhancing development of several priority

national transport corridors.


With respect to Mpumalanga Province the following should be noted:

• The proposed expansion of the international freight rail line from

Nelspruit via Bushbuckridge and Maruleng to Musina, and onto

Zimbabwe in order to make an international rail freight

connection;

• Freight rail infrastructure expansion from Mbombela (Nelspruit)

via Polokwane to Lephalale and to the untapped coal reserves;

• Freight rail infrastructure expansion from Lephalale via Rustenburg

to Pretoria and Johannesburg to transport the coal reserves to

other areas of the country – also the power stations in

Mpumalanga;

• Combined Road and Passenger rail infrastructure development

from Mpumalanga to facilitate daily passenger mobility. (Moloto

Corridor and Phalaborwa Mbombela Corridor).



Map 2: National Transport Master Plan 2050



3.19. INTEGRATED URBAN DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

The Integrated Urban Development Framework (IUDF) is a response to our

urbanization trends and the directive by the National Development Plan

(NDP) to develop an urban development policy that will cater for the

increasing numbers by ensuring proper planning and necessary

infrastructure to support this growth. In other words, it is government’s

policy position to guide the future growth and management of urban

areas. The vision of the IUDF is livable safe resources sufficient cities and

towns that are socially integrated, economy inclusive, and globally

competitive where residents actively participate in urban life. The

framework has four strategic goals:

These strategic goals are further interconnected with nine policy livers for

strategic priorities and they include:

• Integrated urban planning and management,

• Integrated transport and mobility,

• integrated sustainable human settlements,

• integrated urban infrastructure,

• Efficient land governance and management,

• Inclusive economic development,

• Empowered active communities,

• Effective urban governance, and

• Sustainable finances.


This policy will take effect during the planning and development of urban

areas in the municipality which will be named in the ensuing sections. The

municipality has the following urban areas:

• Bethal,

• Charl Cilliers,

• Embalenhle,

• Evander,

• Kinross,

• Leandra,

• Secunda,

• Trichardt

It is envisaged that the directives of the IUDF will be incorporated when

identifying urban development interventions, and when planning

economic development and investment attraction.

3.20. COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

2009

The CRDP is premised on three pillars: Land Reform, Agrarian

Transformation and Rural Development. It has a holistic approach,

partnering various stakeholders including government departments,

nongovernmental organizations, the business sector and the communities,

in order to enhance socio-economic development issues.

The CRDP’s job creation model aims to create employment of one person

per household at each of the CRDP pilot sites for a period of two years.

With the implementation of the CRDP the department aims to promote



the creation of vibrant, equitable and sustainable rural communities and

food security. It is a catalyst and facilitator to ensure that development

takes place in rural communities. The programme addresses specific needs

of the communities in rural areas such as running water, sanitation,

housing and development support, and embraces and utilises participatory

processes to enable members of rural communities to take control of their

lives by engaging with the department in the implementation process of

CRDP. The CRDP also embraces youth development.

The department has established the National Youth Rural Services Corps

to train youth in rural areas in various aspects of skills development in

order to build their capacity and participate in socio-economic

development in rural areas.


The Govan Mbeki Municipality has several rural communities and

settlements surrounding the urban settlements. Due to past planning

practices, these rural settlements have been neglected and

disenfranchised which has led to the lack of infrastructure and economic

development opportunities. The SDF, line with the CRDP intends to

promote rural development as one of the key focuses of the development

interventions.

3.21. NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The National Strategy for Sustainable Development, alternatively referred

to as Breaking New Ground (2004), is a comprehensive plan for the

development of sustainable human settlements. Commissioned by the

Department of Human Settlement, the plan promotes the creation of a

non-racial, integrated society through the development of sustainable

human settlements and quality housing. Within this, the Department is

committed to meeting the following specific objectives:

• Accelerate housing delivery;

• Improve the quality of housing products and environments;

• Ensure asset creation;

• Ensure a single, efficient formal housing market; and

• Restructure and integrate human settlements.

The plan envisages a multi-dimensional approach to housing delivery.

Instead of having a one-set formula for the production of the houses, the

plan should encompass the flexibility required to carry out project specific

solutions to the unique barriers faced in each separate undertaking. The

dominant production of single houses on single plots in distant locations

with initially weak socio-economic infrastructure is inflexible to local

dynamics and changes in demand. The new human settlements plan moves

away from the current focus of housing delivery towards more responsive

mechanisms which address the multidimensional needs of sustainable

human settlements.


Unsustainable and dysfunctional settlements are a major issue in

Mpumalanga Province. Changing the settlement pattern is and will

continue to be a major challenge for government, but “breaking new

ground” should provide much needed policy support to change the way

housing has been delivered in the past. Most critical will be institutional

and financial reform to achieve physical reform.



4. PROVINCIAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION

4.1. MPUMALANGA VISION 2030

The Mpumalanga Vision 2030 Strategic Implementation Framework (2013-

2030) was established as a direct implementation response to the National

Development Plan Vision, 2030. The framework describes the Province’s

approach to realizing the objectives of the NDP in the provincial context

and seeks to achieve the MPG’s Provincial Strategic Objectives (PSO’s).

Mpumalanga Vision, 2030 provides a provincial expression of the key

priorities, objectives and targets that enumerated in the NDP and

expressed within the policy.

It seeks to present and affirm the province’s approach towards realizing

the national vision and development plan. The implementation framework

builds on and informs past and existing sectorial and related planning

interventions within the province. The Vision 2030 Implementation

Framework provides a basis for prioritization during medium-term and

annual planning cycles. The focus of the Mpumalanga Vision 2030 is to

provide a summary overview on the facilitation of decision-making and the

prioritization of rolling back poverty, and inequality by raising living

standards to an acceptable minimum, which entails a combination of

interventions directed at increasing employment, improving the quality of

education, productive growth, a social wage and good quality public

services.

The objective of the Implementation Framework is to overcome a

disjointed approach to planning in the province by ensuring that all

stakeholders approach the implementation of Vision 2030 through

commonly agreed strategies and programmatic interventions. The

objective is to also provide a strategic overview in order to set high level

provincial targets; inform choices and trade-offs and to locate strategies,

programmes and projects within a focused spatial representation of the

content. In addition to and prior to this framework, the Mpumalanga

Government already had a number of plans and strategies in place which

were used as a starting point for the Implementation Framework.

Each of these plans have identified challenges and actions that have been

incorporated within the broad framework of the National Development

Plan which translates into the Mpumalanga Vision 2030. The key element

in this approach was to ensure that the plan incorporates focused spatial

representation of the content and intention.

The implementation framework therefore informed the development of

several existing sectorial plans and initiatives in Mpumalanga such as the:

• Mpumalanga Economic Growth and Development Path (MEGDP),

• Mpumalanga Infrastructure Development Master Plan (MIDP),

• Biodiversity Master Plan,

• Human Settlements Master Plans,

• Industrial Development Plan, and

• The current formulation of the Provincial Spatial Development

Framework.



Figure 6: Mpumalanga Vision 2030 - Mpumalanga Provincial SDF


The Vision identifies 9 Key Drivers. Key Driver 1 has direct implication of

the Govan Mbeki Local Municipality. It is as follows:

Key Driver 1: Nodal Development

• Corridors investment within the province is proposed to be

channeled through the Maputo- N4, N17- N2 and the N11.

• The five primary nodes where developments are to be

concentrated in the province are Witbank/ Emalahleni,

Middleburg, Mbombela/ Nelspruit, Secunda and Ermelo.

4.2. MPUMALANGA ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

PATH, 2011

The Mpumalanga Economic Growth and Development Path (MEGDP) is

informed by the National Economic Growth Path. The Mpumalanga

Province is committed at increasing local economic development and job

creation in the agricultural, industrial, manufacturing, green economy,

tourism and mining sectors. The MEGDP provides a detailed framework for

the realization of these objectives.

The focal point of the Economic Growth and Development Path is the

creation of appropriate labour absorbing jobs which will have a positive

direct, indirect and induced effects on the Provincial economy and the

living standards of its people. The primary objective of the MEGDP is to

grow the economy of the province; balance growth and development in

order to creates jobs, reduce poverty and inequality, and improve the

socio-economic conditions of the province.

The growth plan is anchored on a few factors including sector

development, Inclusive & shared growth, spatial distribution, regional

integration, sustainable human development and environmental

sustainability with clearly defined strategic targets over the medium to

long term period.


The policy is developed on five main pillars being the following:

• Job creation

• Inclusive and shared growth of a diversified economy

• Spatial distribution



• Integration of regional economies

• Sustainable human development

• Environmental sustainability

The proposed SDF is set to identify opportunities and challenges in

regarding the abovementioned develop strategies to mitigate challenges

and capitalize on the opportunities identified. The SDF will thus align with

the broader development objectives of the plan.

4.3. MPUMALANGA PROVINCIAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

FRAMEWORK

The provincial spatial development framework provides the desired spatial

outcome of the province. The PSDF has identified the following Spatial

Goals as imperatives for the development of the province. These are:

• more inclusivity, productivity, competitiveness and opportunities

in urban and rural space-economies;

• protection of resources and strengthen resilience of natural and

built environments; and

• Improved effectiveness of governance

These then translate into spatial objectives which have been identified as

the following:

• Connectivity and corridor functionality,

• Sustainable Concentration and Agglomeration,

• Conservation and Resource utilisation,

• Liveability and Sense of place,

• Rural Diversity and transformation Each the objectives is briefly

discussed below

The provincial spatial development framework has the following Vision:

“A sustainable, vibrant and inclusive economy, Mpumalanga.”


The N17 running through the local municipality is identified as an Existing

Corridor, the objectives of which are the following:

Upgrading the existing corridors and building new linkages to increase

capacity, economic opportunities and ensure connectivity to surrounding

towns. This will be done by through the following:

• Developing new and upgrading existing provincial corridors will

assist in the facilitation of the poly-centric development model

that the province has adopted. The aim of the poly-centric

development model is to create a well-functioning network base

with improved linkages between urban and rural areas. Therefore,

highlighting the principle of well-established corridors and nodes

in a region and will help in improving regional, national and

provincial connectivity.

• The development strategy should (1) be focused on upgrading

existing infrastructure to provide accessibility to nearby provinces

and countries and (2) creating new corridors that will provide

connectivity to previously disadvantaged areas which will,

therefore, strengthen the NSDF principle of creating urban-rural

anchors and in turn facilitate rural transformation.



Secunda is identified as a Regional Service Centre serving the smaller

service centres such as Bethal. The proposed SDF will provide spatial

proposals and strategies for optimal functionality for the node.



Map 3: Mpumalanga Provincial SDF Govan Mbeki Municipality Extract 1


PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 40 Map 4: Mpumalanga Provincial SDF Govan Mbeki Municipality Extract 2



4.4. MPUMALANGA INFRASTRUCTURE MASTER PLAN

The MIMP is based on a multi-disciplinary study dealing with the full

spectrum of infrastructure including amongst others, basic infrastructure,

social infrastructure, and economic infrastructure intended to unlock

economic development potential within the province. It cuts across a wide

range of development sectors and represents a key element towards the

future sustainable development of Mpumalanga Province. The MIMP

proposes that the following development principles be paramount in terms

of guiding and directing decisions regarding infrastructure investment in

the Province:

• Principle 1: Balance economic growth and social upliftment

Following a balanced investment approach which focuses on both

infrastructure investment to promote economic growth, and

investment to enhance social upliftment.

• Principle 2: Respond to regional differences in development

potential Infrastructure Investment to respond to the locational

factors and economic drivers of the province and take into

consideration regional differences in terms of development

potential.

• Principle 3: Recognize roles and responsibilities of stakeholders

Recognizing the roles and responsibilities of all stakeholders and

facilitating the functional integration and alignment of

infrastructure investment between these.

• Principle 4: Build on existing initiatives Building on existing

initiatives as a priority to support the successful implementation

thereof.

• Principle 5: Preserve existing assets Sufficiently allocating funding

towards maintenance and preservation of existing assets

(infrastructure) as part of a broader infrastructure life-cycle

approach.

• Principle 6: Align investment with available resources Aligning

infrastructure investment in Mpumalanga Province with the

availability of resources in the Province.

• Principle 7: Build a heritage Promoting investment in image

building assets for the Province.


The Mpumalanga Province in general has a vulnerability of water supply.

Mpumalanga has had challenges in facilitating basic water infrastructure

over the last 15 years. In 2010, there was an increased number of

households without access to basic water infrastructure. However, only

Gert Sibande District Municipality managed to reduce the water backlog.

According to the No drop assessment for Mpumalanga, which was

conducted in 2015, it indicates a score of 18.6% for overall performance.

The No drop assessment score is based on infrastructure leakage,

commercial losses, nonrevenue water and water use efficiency. The table

shown below indicates the overall performance of the province based on

the No Drop KPI factors. The role of the SDF is to identify infrastructure

deficiencies and implement projects to upgrade and maintain economic

infrastructure to attract and retain investment in the municipality.

4.5. HUMAN SETTLEMENT MASTER PLAN (2013)

One of the fundamental principles of the Mpumalanga Sustainable Human

Settlement Master Plan is that all public and private housing projects in



cities, towns and villages in Mpumalanga should comply with the following

spatial objectives:

• Promote the availability of residential and employment

opportunities in close proximity to each other.

• Contribute towards the correction of historically distorted spatial

patterns of settlement in towns by filling the strategically located

vacant strips of land between segregated communities, and

providing for economic and social integration.

• Optimize the use of existing resources including bulk

infrastructure, roads, transportation and social facilities; and

• Contain the phenomenon of urban sprawl in urban areas through

the introduction of an Urban Development Boundary/ Urban Edge

which will contribute towards the development of more compact

towns through processes of infill development and densification –

especially around economic activity nodes and along public

transport corridors.

The Mpumalanga Human Settlement Master Plan comprises fifteen

Strategic Objectives as listed below:

• Strategic Objective 1: Ensure that all Human Settlement related

planning and implementation activities are aligned with the

objectives, guidelines and directives as defined in National and

Provincial Policies and Legislation.

• Strategic Objective 2: Promote Sustainable Human Settlements

within Mpumalanga by Focusing on Mixed Land Use, -Typology, -

Income and – Tenure Developments in the Province.

• Strategic Objective 3: Encourage sustainable resource use by

exploring alternative technologies, designs, layouts, topography,

etc. in order to achieve the most energy- and cost-effective

development.

• Strategic Objective 4: Implement Annual IDP Housing Chapter

Compilation/ Review Procedure.

• Strategic Objective 5: Establish a comprehensive Mpumalanga

Human Settlement Demand Monitoring Database and GIS System

to Inform Decisions Pertaining to Location, Scale and Priority of

Human Settlement Projects.

• Strategic Objective 6: Local and Provincial Housing Needs Register

(Demand Database) to Become Official Source of Information for

Housing Demand and Waiting Lists.

• Strategic Objective 7: Enhance alignment between Mpumalanga

Human Settlement Projects and Provincial, District and Local

Spatial Development Frameworks by only considering land located

in Strategic Development Areas.

• Strategic Objective 8: Facilitate Technically Informed Land and

Building Acquisition Based on Results of Comprehensive Feasibility

Assessment Processes.

• Strategic Objective 9: Establish a Human Settlements Delivery

Planning Unit to Manage and Maintain the Provincial Database and

Monitoring System, and to Facilitate and Inform the Formulation

of the Annual Departmental Business Plan in Conjunction with

District and Local Municipalities, and other Provincial

Departments.

• Strategic Objective 10: Ensure that Town planning/ Township

Establishment processes are Comprehensive and Technically

Sound in order to grant beneficiaries sufficient Security of Tenure.



• Strategic Objective 11: Initiate Processes Which Will Ensure the

Installation of Appropriate Engineering Services as part of every

Human Settlement Project in Mpumalanga.

• Strategic Objective 12: Facilitate the Provision of a Sufficient

Number of Community Facilities parallel to the Construction of

Housing (top structures) in every Human Settlement Project in

Mpumalanga.

• Strategic Objective 13: Expanding Community Participation and

Consumer Education Programmes through Community Outreach

Initiatives.

• Strategic Objective 14: To actively enhance Rural Development by

aligning Human Settlement Projects and Programmes to the

Comprehensive Rural Development Programme of the Province.

• Strategic Objective 15: Align Provincial Tenure Upgrading

Programme with Human Settlement Programmes.

In terms of Strategic Objective 7, future human settlement projects will

rely on Spatial Development Frameworks to indicate the optimum location

for different types of housing in municipal areas. This could include (1)

areas earmarked for large scale RDP projects in urban or rural areas; (2)

social housing and CRU funded housing (rental stock) in business areas as

part of mixed-use developments or in areas earmarked for urban renewal;

(3) priority areas for development of rural housing and to accommodate

upgrading of Informal Settlements; and priority areas to accommodate

medium and (4) higher density residential development (full ownership or

rental stock).

Furthermore, the Master Plan supports the notion of mixed income, mixed

use and mixed tenure developments; energy efficient township layouts

and construction materials; sound and scientific based feasibility

assessment of land for housing development; comprehensive township

establishment processes leading to sufficient security of tenure; the

synchronized provision of appropriate engineering services and

community facilities to all new housing developments in the province; and

a special focus on enhancing rural development through provision of

housing in a sustainable manner in rural nodal areas.


Secunda has been identified as a primary for housing development which

means it has been earmarked for a mix of housing typologies for mixed

income households. The SDF will identify strategically located parcels of

land for the development of housing.


PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 44 Map 5: Human Settlements Priority Nodal Areas


PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 45 Map 6: Housing Programme Consolidated



4.6. MPUMALANGA TOURISM GROWTH STRATEGY (2018)

The Mpumalanga Provincial Government intends to improve the tourism

sector with the aim to attract more visitors to the province. This is

envisioned to be done through more dynamic and innovate marketing,

expanding on product offerings and ensuring a safe and enjoyable

experience to tourists. The strategy’s objectives are in line with national

tourism objectives as well as those indicated in other provincial and local

tourism policies. These objectives are:

• Develop the tourism sector as a driver of economic activity

• Product expansion & diversification

• Implement responsible & sustainable tourism practices

• Enhance the general competitiveness of the province

• Structure of effective institutional relationship

• Grow domestic tourism for a sustainable economy

In achieving these objectives, there are key drivers that sustain the

progress where the public and private sectors benefit is continuously

increasing tourism flow means economic growth, sustainable income and

benefits to those who operate in the tourism sector. These drivers that

influence the process are:

• Market expansion

• Product Development

• Destination Competitiveness

• Responsible & sustainable tourism

• Transformation economic growth

The vision statement is specific to the province and its tourism sector,

describing a different approach that should be implemented to position

tourism as one of the key drivers of the economy. A vision statement

describes the clear and inspirational long-term desired change and as well

declare the tourism objectives intended to guide the decision making.


Bethal and Emzinoni have been identified as node and focus areas for

tourism in the GMLM. The strategies are:

• tourism development

• SMME support

4.7. PROVINCIAL COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAMME

The Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP) is the third

planned priority for rural development within the government’s current

Medium Term Strategic Framework which was drafted for 2014-2019. The

strategic design of the programme is established on experiences from pilot

sites designated through socio-economic profiling, community

participatory processes and intergovernmental cooperation. The CRDP is

based on a positive participatory community-based planning approach

rather than an interventionist approach to rural development. The CRDP

will be implemented on seven municipalities namely, Chief Albert Luthuli,

Dr JS Moroka, Bushbuckridge, Nkomazi, Thembisile Hani, Pixley Ka Isaka

Seme and Mkhondo Local Municipality. The objective of the CRDP is to

eradicate poverty and food insecurity through efficient use of natural

resources to build vibrant, equitable and sustainable rural communities. It



helps to improve the quality of life and welfare along with rectification of

past inequalities through rights-based interferences and address tilted

patterns of distribution and ownership of wealth and assets. The strategic

objective of the CRDP is, therefore, to facilitate integrated development

and social cohesion through participatory approaches in partnership with

all sectors of society. The definitive vision of creating vibrant, equitable and

sustainable rural communities will be accomplished through a three-

pronged strategy based on:

• a coordinated and integrated broad-based agrarian

transformation;

• strategically increasing rural development;

• an improved land reform programme.

Outcome 7: Vibrant, equitable and sustainable rural communities and food

security for all will be achieved through the following outputs:

Following are the Projects and Provincial output of CRDP:

• Output 1: Sustainable agrarian reform with a thriving small and

large farming sector services to support livelihoods

• Output 2: Improved access to affordable and diverse food

• Output 3: Improved rural services to support livelihoods

• Outside 4: Improved employment opportunities and economic

livelihoods

• Output 5: Enabling the institutional environment for sustainable

and inclusive growth


Much like many regions in the country, Govan Mbeki Municipality is

comprised of urban areas with rural settlements surrounding them. These

settlements are characterized by a lack of employment opportunities,

infrastructure development and general economic development. The

proposed SDF will assist in the development of these areas through the

proposal of projects to stimulate the rural economy of the municipality.

4.8. BIODIVERSITY SECTOR PLAN, 2014

The Mpumalanga Biodiversity Sector Plan (MBSP) is a guideline which is

part of a wider set of national biodiversity planning tools and initiatives

that are designed for national legislation and policy. It also guides as a

spatial tool to inform permissible land uses that support biodiversity and

ecological processes which allow for species and ecosystems to adapt to

climate change. The MBSP includes a set of maps of the terrestrial and

freshwater biodiversity priority areas supplemented by relative

information available for use in land use and development planning,

environmental assessment and regulation, including natural resource

management. The following are the features of Biodiversity Sector Plan:

• Land Use Decision Support tool;

• Inform priority areas for protected area expansion;

• Prioritise management interventions to wetland rehabilitation,

alien plant control and monitoring.

The process of recognizing the spatial biodiversity priorities is called

systematic biodiversity planning. The process is done to recognise the

spatially effective method of protecting a typical sample of biodiversity

that is able to persevere on the smallest amount of land possible whilst



avoiding conflict between biodiversity objectives and other land uses. The

strategies that guide the province through MBSP are as follows:

• To implement National Environmental Management: Biodiversity

Act 2004 (NEMBA) and comply with the requirements of the

National Biodiversity Framework and International Conventions.

• Identification of highest priority biodiversity areas that should be

incorporated in provincial planning initiatives.

• Mitigate and adapt to the threats of climate change. Furthermore,

the MBSP, 2014, incorporates climate change improvement

features in Mpumalanga province as follows:

o Climate Change landscape facets.

o Climate Change refugia.

o Climate Change Corridors. The terrestrial Biodiversity

Sector Plan is shown below.


Some parts of the Municipality have been identified as CBA Irreplacable

while for the most part the municipality has been identified as heavily

modified. The proposed SDF will identify areas in the municipality which

are of biodiversity significance and proposed land use to enhance the

biodiversity thereof.



Map 7: Mpumalanga Biodiversity Sector Plan



4.9. MPUMALANGA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

The Mpumalanga Industrial Development Plan (MIDP) adopted by the

Department of Economic Development & Tourism, Mpumalanga in 2015,

promotes industrialization in the province by establishing Industrial

Centres of Competence in targeted industrial sectors within well-defined

regions. The MIDP has identified a number of key industrial sectors which

could lay the foundation industrial development in the Province, in

particular, their diversification into downstream value-adding sectors for

labour absorption, at the same time supporting current upstream value

addition activities.

The plan acknowledges the concentration of industrial sectors in specific

regions and proposes the Industrial Centres of Competence accordingly.

Locations of these Industrial Centres of Competence are shown in the map

below. The MIDP has identified the need for further unpacking Industrial

Centres of Competence linking these with development interventions to

establish the innovation platforms necessary for supporting sustainable

industrial development in the targeted sectors, and to form a central hub

or nerve centre from which the Industrial Centre of Competence can be

effectively marketed, promoted, coordinated and managed. The MIDP

proposes to develop the following central hubs:

• Mining and Metals Technology Park- A comprehensive facility for

promoting industrial development within the mining and metals

manufacturing sectors. This should be logistically well positioned,

adjacent to the N4 between eMalahleni and Middleburg. The

preferred size of this park is 600 hectares.

• Forestry Technology Park- It will provide a platform for inter-firm

cooperation, and lead to specialisation and improvement in quality

standards for exports out of the Province. The park will be based

at Sabie.

• International Fresh Produce Market- A site has been identified on

the Sabie/Mashishing Road close to Nelspruit and the Riverside

Park mixed-use regional node.

• Petrochemicals Technology Park- One of the major

industrialisation initiatives in the Province, aimed at stimulating

economic growth and job creation, both through Small, Medium

and Micro-sized Enterprise (SMME) incubation and large-scale

production. This park is based at Secunda. Land for the

development of the proposed Technology Park has already been

allocated by the Local Municipality.

• Agro-processing Technology Park- The park has been proposed

within the Nkomazi SEZ. The proposed Technology Park will serve

as a hub for the development of other rural nodes, such as the

proposed agro-processing hub in Bushbuckridge linked to the

Dumphries C Irrigation Scheme and the Giba Community Property

Association farming development new Hazyview

In addition to the intensification of industrial activities within the Industrial

Centres of Competence, the MIDP advocates for the industrialisation of

rural nodes to promote holistic socio-economic development in the

province. To promote rural industrialization, the plan proposes to develop

activity links between the priority rural nodes (see Table 1) with the

Industrial Centres of Competence to enable business flows, technology

transfer and capacity development. The MIDP puts the special impetus on

spatial planning for achieving the proposed industrialisation. As per the

plan, allocation of land and investment in spatial infrastructure required

for industrialisation must be guided by spatial planning. Thus, the PSDF has



a critical role to play in guiding industrial development in the province. The

central for PSDF in achieving industrialisation in the region are (a)

allocation of land for industrial development and support infrastructure

especially in and around the Industrial Centres of Competence, and (b)

creating efficient linkages between the industrial centres and parks and

priority rural nodes.


Secunda has been identified as an Industrial Centre of Competence for the

development of Petrochemicals. The proposed SDF will provide proposals

and strategies to ensure that this sector is optimized, and investment is

attracted to increase productivity which then translates to the unlocking of

employment opportunities in the sector.


PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 52 Map 8: Industrial Centres of Competence



5. DISTRICT AND LOCAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION

5.1. GERT SIBANDE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY INTEGRATED

DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2019-2020

The district municipality has a recently developed integrated development

plan (IDP) for 2019/2020. The district has identified the following as

challenges in the district:

The district has identified 5 leading challenges that are ubiquitous district-

wide: These are:

a) Lack of safe and reliable water supply.

b) Lack of/inadequate employment opportunities (correlate with

poverty driver information of the CS).

c) Inadequate roads.

d) Cost of electricity.

e) Cost of water.


The purpose of the local municipal SDF is to identify the challenges and

weaknesses faced at both a district and local municipal level and identified

strategies to combat them. The proposed SDF will therefore identify areas

of greatest need of infrastructure (roads, water, electricity) and propose

projects to implement new infrastructure and upgrade and maintain

existing infrastructure. This will primarily be in the major nodes as well as

pressure points identified through the situational analysis report.

Furthermore, the SDF will identified areas of economic opportunities for

generation of employment.

5.2. GERT SIBANDE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL

DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

The Gert Sibande SDF has identified the following spatial imperatives for

the development of the District:

5.2.1. CORRIDOR AND NODAL DEVELOPMENT

Regarding corridor and nodal development, the Gert Sibande SDF key focus

areas are to:

I. Secunda has been identified as a first order node within the district

with the N17 being identified as a strategic corridor

II. develop comparative and competitive key localities through the

clustering of key economic sectors developments in identified

development corridors, activity strips or zones,

III. improving accessibility of rural towns, and informal settlements to

the social and economic opportunities in urban areas mainly

through the development of public transport networks, activity

nodes and corridors,

IV. prioritizing agricultural and rural development along mobility

corridors and at strategic intersections,

V. concentration of development within and along development and

activity nodes,

VI. develop secondary business nodes and economic spines

VII. Strengthen and upgrade on the existing freight corridors,

VIII. developing logistic and industrial corridors,

IX. corridor development along the N2 and N17.



5.2.2. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

With regard to economic development, the following key focus areas can

be identified:

I. integrate economic activities to provide local employment and job

creation,

II. facilitate economic growth and development in the

manufacturing, mining, agriculture and tourism sectors.

5.2.3. TOURISM AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT

The Gert Sibande SDF prioritizes the following key focus areas with regard

to the tourism and forestry development:

I. develop and promote forestry within and along with the identified

tourism corridor (i.e., industrial precinct in Secunda),

II. tourism and cultural tourism development,

III. commercial forestry.

5.2.4. AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

In regard to agricultural development the focus areas identified are to

I. support intensive and extensive farming activities,

II. commercialization of farming,

III. develop agricultural service centres,

IV. protection against the loss of high potential agricultural land,

V. agrarian transformation of key agricultural land

VI. promote residential and subsistence farming activities.

5.2.5. MINING AND ENERGY RELATED DEVELOPMENT

As per the analysis is done, the following focus areas can be identified with

regard to the mining and energy related development:

I. facilitate and accommodate the existing mining sector,

II. develop industries that will serve coal mines in towns like Ermelo

and Standerton,

III. proper rehabilitation of mines after use,

IV. establish proper environmental management systems during the

operational stage of mines,

V. strengthening of the Richards Bay coal line rail freight corridor.

5.2.6. URBAN DEVELOPMENT

The Gert Sibande SDF prioritises the following key focus areas with regard

to urban development:

I. development of adequate, affordable and a variety of housing

opportunities in activity nodes and corridors,

II. upgrade of informal settlements with a focus on mixed-use

development,

III. provision of adequate social infrastructure and services to both

rural and informal settlements

IV. integrate housing with public transport systems and economic and

social infrastructure,

V. procure sustainable land housing and social amenities,

VI. focusing development on strategically targeted nodes and

corridors where high density, mixed-use developments are

encouraged,



VII. focusing on densification and infill development in combination

with an urban development boundary in order to limit urban

sprawl,

VIII. integration and linking of spatially segregated parts,

IX. urban regeneration and restructuring through the development of

social housing and mixed-use developments.

5.2.7. RURAL DEVELOPMENT

In regard to rural development the focus areas can be prioritised:

I. focusing on the development of new and the rehabilitation of

existing infrastructure,

II. Improving, and developing infrastructure conducive to economic

development – e.g., transportation infrastructure, agricultural

infrastructure, water and electricity infrastructure,

III. improving and developing infrastructure conducive to social

development, rural nodal development,

IV. the development of small-town business as catalyst for rural

development,

V. sustainable economic development in order to curb the

depopulation in rural areas,

VI. (vi) promote agro-processing/ industries, tourism and small

enterprise and trade development in order to support rural

communities and improve food security, and inequality,

VII. small-town development as nodes of rural development,

VIII. support and renew secondary nodes or smaller towns which will in

turn support rural communities and development.

5.2.8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION

In regard to environmental management and conservation the focus areas

can be prioritised:

I. protection and enhancement of conservation areas and

agricultural land with a focus on food security,

II. limiting the effects of mining on high potential agricultural land,

III. protect sensitive areas and agriculture land in surrounding region,

IV. conservation and sustainable use of natural environmental

resources within the district.


PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES 56 Map 9: Gert Sibande District Municipality SDF Composite Map



5.3. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY INTEGRATED

DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2020-2021

The integrated development plan for the local municipality contains the

development direction and desired developmental outcomes of the

municipality for the next 5 years. The Govan Mbeki Municipal Vision is:

“To be a Model City of Excellence.”

This they seek to achieve through the following:

• Provision of sustainable quality services;

• Enable diversified local economic development and job creation;

• Ensuring the financial sustainability of the municipality;

• Working with stakeholders;

• Empowering of the workforce;

• Ensuring of sound cooperative governance.

Through their IDP processes and assessments, the municipality has

identified the following challenges:

• Provision of Bulk Infrastructure development across the entire

municipal area

• Construction of Electrical Substations

• Refurbishment and upgrading of Wastewater Treatment Plant all

affected areas, Leandra, Kinross, eMzinoni,

• Maintenance of Sewerage networks

• Upgrading of Sewerage Reticulation network in eMbalenhle,

• Bulk water supply to eMzinoni,

• Upgrading of Sewerage pump stations,

• Replacement of AC pipes all affected areas

• Inadequate Road Infrastructure/Sanitation/Sewerage/Toilet

services

• Electricity and Water Distribution Losses

• High Eskom and Rand Water Debts

• Inability to meet financial obligations

• Social development concerns such as clinics, police stations,

schools,

• Rising in unemployment

• Creating of Local Economic development opportunities


The Spatial Development Framework will identify the spatial location of the

projects linked the above challenges and provide strategies on how to

expedite the projects.

5.4. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

FRAMEWORK

Govan Mbeki Municipality developed its Spatial Development Framework

in 2014. The purpose of the municipal spatial development framework is

to reflect the desired spatial outcome of the local municipality.

Some of the key challenges and opportunities that require both macro and

more localized response are listed below:

• Resource management (water shortages, energy constraint, fuel

consumption) and the compelling need to embrace alternative

means of energy;



• Climate change and associated natural disasters;

• Increasing prominence of Information Technology as a driver of

both new communications, movement patterns and resource

management; and

• Bridging the gap between the rich and poor.

In the SDF the municipality identified developmental objectives and

priorities. These are follows:

• Sustainable infrastructure and services

• Economic development and job creation

• Social development and community services

• Good governance and public participation

• Public safety


Secunda has identified as a primary development node within the

municipality and has been earmarked for the following:

• Industrial development;

• Mixed Use development

• Commercial Development and

• Urban Agriculture

The SDF will seek to strengthen Secunda as the primary node of the local

municipality and identify strategies in which to realize that the node and

the surrounding secondary and tertiary nodes are optimized in terms of

development.

5.5. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY LOCAL ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

According to the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional

Affairs, Local Economic Development is defined as follows:

“Local Economic Development (LED) is an approach towards economic

development which allows and encourages local people to work together

to achieve sustainable economic growth and development thereby bringing

economic benefits and improved quality of life for all residents in a local

municipal area.”

Improved organisational structure for Local Economic Development with

creation of position for Manager LED and Director for Planning and

Development

Govan Mbeki Municipality identifies the following as their strengths:

• ‘Housing’ of all planning related units under one directorate

(Planning and Development); such as IDP, Spatial Planning, LUMs

and LED

• Functional LED Forum with sector-based committees for engaging

stakeholders on LED issues

• Sound government-private sector relations; based on willingness

of business to participate in LED and other municipal related

activities.

• Political willingness to address economic and socio-economic

challenges through stakeholder engagements (as evidenced

during Cooperatives Summit, business-mayoral breakfast

meetings and planned jobs summit)



• Sound revenue base, implementation of capital and basic

infrastructure projects and provision of basic services

• Comparatively low unemployment, poverty, inequality and living

standard levels within the district and province

The following opportunities have been identified in the municipality for

further development and optimization:

• Potential for industrialization of the local economy leveraging on

current comparative and competitive advantages

• Huge potential for economic diversification based on

manufacturing, agriculture and agro-processing activities linked to

current and other dominant sectors

• Potential for improved agriculture and SMME contribution to the

local economy based on SMME and cooperatives incubation

• Strategic location of municipality in terms of road (N17) and rail

network (Gauteng-Richards Bay and planned Maputo) relative to

local and international markets offers great potential for product

and market development


The proposed SDF seeks to upgrade and strengthen the municipality’s

economic infrastructure in the form of the following:

• Upgrading of N17 national road;

• Identification of opportunities to strengthen the industrial sector

of the local economy.

• Strengthening secondary and tertiary nodes within the local

municipality.

5.6. GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY HOUSING SECTOR PLAN

The Govan Mbeki Municipal Housing Sector Plan (GMM MHSP) has been

revised and approved by council which contains the development plan

well, to ensure an integrated approach to human sector development.

The plan incorporates elements from the Municipal IDP, Local Economic

Development Strategy, GMM business plan, GMM Spatial Development

Framework, GMM Land Use Management, as well as the National Upgrade

of Informal Settlements Programme (NUSP). The GMM MHSP

demonstrates the municipality’s plans, budget and organizational capacity

to deliver on this mandate, in a progressive and value-adding manner.

The housing sector plan objectives for the municipality can be expressed

as follows:

• That human settlements planning reflects a broad range of

community level needs and concerns and is based on credible

data;

• The alignment of the municipality’s plans with national and

provincial human settlements plans and priorities

• To undertake human settlements planning as part of a broader,

integrated and proactive urban management strategy of the

municipality;

• To provide detailed human settlements projects plans within a

clear implementation and funding strategy;

• To develop an institutional structure and unpack clear roles and

responsibilities of relevant stakeholders critical to achieving

integrated human settlements planning;



• To incorporate concepts of migration, local economic

development, in the overall development of human settlements

• To provide a clear monitoring and evaluation framework for the

human settlements function; and

• To develop a clear communications plan.


The spatial development framework seeks to assess the current housing

situation in the following manner:

• Identification of the housing backlog;

• Determining of the housing growth projections and their impact

on spatial planning in the local municipality;

• Identification of current and planned housing projects;

• Identification and assessment of the issues and challenges faced in

those housing projects and provide strategies to expedite housing

delivery;

• Identification of strategically located land parcels for the

development of housing;

• Proposals of policies and strategies to encourage the private sector

to develop housing in the municipality.



6. VISION DIRECTIVES

The GMM spatial vision 2041 has been developed to guide the direction

and growth of the Municipality. The principles of SPLUMA, the

Mpumalanga Economic Growth and Development Strategy, the District

and Local Municipality Integrated Development Plans guide the

preparation of the long-term spatial development vision statement as

contemplated in section 21 (c) of SPLUMA. Translated into spatial planning,

the vision commits the municipality to Batho Pele Principles which includes

“people focused”.

It further states that the municipality will strive in providing efficient and

cost-effective municipality services and people focused socio-economic

development. The proposed Spatial Vision for Govan Mbeki Municipality

encourages compact and integrated development and attracting

investment within the municipal area. This vision encourages the

municipality to be responsible in terms of protecting the environment,

preservation of agricultural land and promotion of tourism.



6.1. SUMMARY AND THEMES FROM FOR THE MPUMALANGA ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Table 1: Summary of Objectives and Themes of Provincial Economic Growth and Development Path

KEY OBJECTIVES THEMES FOR GOVAN MBEKI SDF VISION STATEMENT

PROMOTING INFRASTRUCTURE AS A JOB DRIVER FOR JOB CREATION AND CATALYST FOR DEVELOPMENT

Investment in massive infrastructure development by both government and the private sector will go a long way in terms of unlocking opportunities for economic growth and development, including the massive growth in jobs. In essence, for the Economic Growth and Development Path to succeed, infrastructure development will be critical. The jobs will come from the physical layout of the infrastructure itself as well as the economic activities that will take place as a result of such infrastructure.

• Economic development

• Economic growth

• Employment

• Business retention and expansion

• SMME development

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAIN ECONOMIC SECTORS

Development of sectors to support the economic growth and employment creation in Mpumalanga. These include the following sectors:

• Agriculture and Forestry

• Key areas for intervention to facilitate growth and job creation in the agricultural sector.

• Forestry

• Mining and energy industries

• Tourism and cultural industries

• Strategic economic infrastructure development (rail, air and land transport)

• Sustainability factors in infrastructure provision

• Gear infrastructure towards fourth industrial revolution

DEVELOPMENT OF SECTORS TO TAP INTO THE POTENTIAL FOR NEW ECONOMIES

To focus on new economies in Mpumalanga such as the green economy and information, communication technology (ICT). The following will be undertaken:

• The Green Economy: The use of coal for energy production results in both primary environmental impacts associated with mining and

• Improvement of the ICT infrastructure in the province;

• Research and development into alternative, renewable energy




removal of coal for use in coal fired power stations in the province, as well as the secondary impacts resulting from the burning of this coal for energy production. Coal intensive activities contribute to large-scale water and air pollution, including significant carbon dioxide emissions, which contribute to global warming.

• Information, Communication and Technology (ICT): The Mpumalanga Provincial Government (MPG) acknowledges that there is a worldwide shift from a natural-resource based economy to innovation and the knowledge Economy and that ICTs are a powerful enabler that, if correctly harnessed and deployed, can result in the development of many sectors in the Province.

INVESTING IN SOCIAL CAPITAL & THE PUBLIC SERVICE

The objectives include the following:

• Investment in social capital to ensure and promote social cohesion.

• Creation of jobs in the social economy;

• The development and support of a myriad of not-for-profit institutions that provide goods and services, including coops, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), burial societies, stokvels as well as sports and cultural activities.

• Social development services

• Social facilities in all communities

• Decent shelter and sustainable human settlements

• Poverty alleviation

• Focus on poor communities and vulnerable groups

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

The objectives are focused on the following:

• Rural Development: The Mpumalanga Province is predominantly a rural Province. As such the provincial government is set to focus on rural development as one of its key priorities through the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme being used as a tool for interventions in rural areas.

• Regional and international cooperation: Given the proximity of Mpumalanga to Mozambique and eSwatini (Swaziland), the

• Rural planning

• Nodal development

• Spatial integration

• Sustainable Human Settlements

• Land use management as a tool to attract investment




province will focus on the region, Africa and overseas countries for trade and investment. The province will further investigate and position itself to benefit from the admission of South Africa to BRIC block the Oceania and other blocks that provides an opportunity for Mpumalanga to expand her trade footprint.

6.1.1. SUMMARY OF KEY THEMES

Below is a summary of themes that have been extracted from the Mpumalanga Economic Growth and Development Path to be utilized as a guide for the

formulation of the vision for Govan Mbeki Municipality Spatial Development Framework:

• Growing the economy

• Human Development through Skills development

• Pro-poor social development

• Strategic Infrastructure development (basic and catalytic)

• Spatial equity



6.2. GMM INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES AND KEY THEMES FOR SPATIAL VISION STATEMENT

Table 2: Govan Mbeki Municipality LM IDP Strategic Objectives and Key Themes Spatial Vision Statement

GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES THEMES FOR SPATIAL VISION STATEMENT

Strategic Objective 1: To enhance revenue & secure financial sustainability • Financial Sustainability

• Economic and effective use of municipal funds

Strategic Objective 2: To provide sustainable services, optimize operations and improve customer care

• Basic service provision (water, sanitation, electricity)

• Improvement of community relations

Strategic Objective 3: To facilitate and create an enabling environment for diversified local economic development, social cohesion and job creation

• Diversification of the local economy

• Employment generation

• Social Cohesion

Strategic Objective 4: To enhance the capacity of human capital and deliver institutional transformation

• Skills development

• Human Development

Strategic Objective 5: To develop spatially integrated, safe communities and a protected environment

• Spatial equity

• Spatial Integration

• Environmental Protection and Sustainability

Strategic Objective 6: To promote good corporate governance and effective stakeholder engagement

• Good corporate governance

• Effective stakeholder engagement

6.2.1. SUMMARY OF KEY THEMES

Below is a summary of themes that have been from the Govan Mbeki Municipality IDP to be utilized as a guide for the formulation of the vision for:

• Sustainable Economic growth

• Local economic development

• Clean governance

• Sustainable human settlements

• Access to basic services



• Active citizenry

• Capable and skilled workforce

6.3. THEMES FOR THE SPATIAL VISION AND THE PROPOSED GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPAL SPATIAL VISION

Table 3: Themes for the Spatial Vision and Proposed Govan Mbeki Municipality Spatial Vision

SPLUMA PRINCIPLES MEGDP THEMES GOVANM MBEKI SPATIAL THEMES

• Spatial justice

• Spatial efficiency

• Spatial resilience

• Spatial sustainability

• Good administration

• Economic development

• Economic growth

• Employment

• Business retention and expansion

• SMME development

• Strategic economic infrastructure development (rail, air, and land transport)

• Sustainability factors in infrastructure provision

• Gear infrastructure towards fourth industrial revolution

• Improvement of the ICT infrastructure in the province;

• Research and development into alternative, renewable energy

• Social development services

• Social facilities in all communities

• Decent shelter and sustainable human settlements

• Poverty alleviation

• Focus on poor communities and vulnerable groups

• Rural planning

• Nodal development

• Financial Sustainability

• Economic and effective use of municipal funds

• Basic service provision (water, sanitation, electricity)

• Improvement of community relations

• Diversification of the local economy

• Employment generation

• Social Cohesion

• Skills development

• Human Development

• Spatial equity

• Spatial Integration

• Environmental Protection and Sustainability

• Good corporate governance

• Effective stakeholder engagement



SPLUMA PRINCIPLES MEGDP THEMES GOVANM MBEKI SPATIAL THEMES

• Spatial integration

• Sustainable Human Settlements

• Land use management as a tool to attract investment



6.4. THE PROPOSED GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK VISION

“BY 2041 GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY WILL BE A SPATIAL EQUITABLE MUNICIPALITY THRIVING

WITH AN INCLUSIVE ECONOMY AND EFFECTIVE BASIC SERVICE PROVISION AND WILL BECOME THE

MODEL CITY FOR ALL WHO RESIDE IN IT”

"Towards a more equitable and

inclusive economy"

"A community driven district of

excellence"

"To be a model city and centre of excellence"

MPUMALANGA ECONOMIC GROWTH AND

DEVELOPMENT PATH VISION STATEMENT

GERT SIBANDE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY IDP

VISION STATEMENT

GOVAN MBEKI MUNICIPALITY IDP VISION

STATEMENT

Figure 7: Govan Mbeki Municipality Proposed Spatial Development Framework Vision Statement

PHASE 2: POLICY CONTEXT AND VISION DIRECTIVES

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