PHARMACEUTICS-I -2111 1. Introduction of different dosage ...
Pharmaceutics I Introduction 1. Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutics is the science of dosage form design....
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Transcript of Pharmaceutics I Introduction 1. Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutics is the science of dosage form design....
Pharmaceutics I
Introduction
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Pharmaceutics
• Pharmaceutics is the science of dosage form design.
• There are many chemicals with known pharmacological properties but a raw chemical is of no use to a patient.
• Pharmaceutics deals with the formulation of a pure
drug substance into a dosage form.
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Pharmaceutical dosage form–determines the physical form of the final
pharmaceutical preparation.
–is a drug delivery system which is formed by technological processing (drug formulation).
–must reflect therapeutic intentions, route of administrations, dosing etc.
– Pharmaceutical dosage form consists of : Active Drug Substance Excipients
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• Subjects to discuss • Active pharmaceutical ingredient - API.• Direct clinical use of the active drug substances „as
they are“ is rare due to a number of good reasons• The Need for Dosage Forms• Excipients• Pharmaceutical preparation (PP)
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Classification of pharmaceutical dosage forms according to physical properties
– Gaseous dosage forms– Liquid dosage forms– Semisolid dosage forms– Solid dosage forms
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Classification of pharmaceutical dosage forms according to the route of administration
– for systemic administration• Peroral (p.o)• Sublingual (S.L) and buccal.• Rectal• Parenteral • Transdermal• Inhalation
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– for local administration• Topical (on the skin or mucosa)
Into/onto - the eye, nose, ear - the oral cavity
- the vagina, rectum - the skin
• Oral (local effect within GIT; antacids, adsorbents)
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Route of Drug Administration
• The possible routes of drug entry into the The possible routes of drug entry into the body may be divided into two classes:body may be divided into two classes:
– EnteralEnteral– ParenteralParenteral
Routs of Drug Routs of Drug administrationadministration
Parenteral Route of Drug Administration
• Parenteral Routes:• Intravenous bolus (IV)• Intravenous infusion (IV inf) • Intramuscular injection (IM) • Subcutaneous injection (SC) • InhalationInhalation
Enteral RoutesEnteral Routes• Enteral - drug placed directly in the GI tract:– sublingual (SL)- placed under the tongue– oral - swallowing (p.o.)– rectum (PR) - Absorption through the rectum
Inhalation and intranasal
• Rapid absorption.• Total dose absorbed is variable.
• May be used for local or systemic effects.
• May stimulate cough reflex.• Some drug may be swallowed.
