Pharaonic Sexual Violence in u.s.a.

8/2/2019 Pharaonic Sexual Violence in u.s.a.

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pharaonic-sexual-violence-in-usa 1/92

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D op}i# bmp`# ap om|egm bd gdk gd}wm dk dàpeak+

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ya fmoegdeakw# }w}dccu felm~pewakm dko fewa~pawac# a mpfekdm dko mr~mc d ~pmikdkgu+

d`wekmkgm

Ka bd|eki wmr ~cdu yeb d ~dpkmp+

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~pmikdkgu+ Wmm "d`wekmkgm&akcu&}kec&fdppedim ~paipdfw+"

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Ia|mpkfmk&l}komo d`wekmkgm&akcu&}kec&fdppedim ~paipdfw

† mdgb akcu akm wm al |dc}mw dw fapdccu gappmg

† }wm lmdp dgegw

† almk ~pafam w~mgeleg pmceiea}w |dc}mw



† mdgb bd wmr}dc mr~pmwweak `mlapm fdppedim ew odkimpa}w dko bdw bdpfl}c ~buwegdc#mfaeakdc# dko wagedc gakwmt}mkgmw

† akcu dccay oewg}wweak al bm kmide|m gakwmt}mkgmw al ~pmfdpedc wmr

† lapèo fmoegdccu dgg}pdm# ~awee|m# ap kapfdcexeki oewg}wweak dà} dàpeak# èpbgakpac# fdw}p`deak# wdlmp wmr# wmr}dc `mbd|eap# wmr}dc eomkeu# dko wmr}dc apemkdeak

† oewg}ww dko almk mrdiimpdm bm ldec}pm pdmw al gakoafw dko abmp fmbaow al èpbgakpac

† mdgb bd gdppueki d ~pmikdkgu a mpf dko jmm~eki bm `dù ap ~cdgeki bm `dù lap

doa~eak ew bm akcu fapdccu gappmg a~eak lap ~pmikdk mmkw

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dgt}epmo eff}km omlegemkgu wukopafm "DEOW%_bm faw do|dkgmo wdim al BE\ oewmdwm+

doacmwgmkgm_bm ~mpeao al ~buwegdc dko mfaeakdc gbdkim `mymmk bm `miekkeki al ~}`mpu dko mdpcu

do}cbaao+

dopmkdpgbm_bm efm ek mdpcu ~}`mpu ybmk wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw `miek a om|mca~+

do}cmpu

Wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm `mymmk d fdppemo ~mpwak dko wafmakm yba ew ka bew ap bmp w~a}wm+

D&lpdfm apidwf_bm gcefdr ap ~mdj al wmr}dc dpa}wdc lap yafmk bd ew gd}wmo ù wef}cdeki bm |diekd yeba}

wef}cdeki bm gceapew+

dlmpèpb_bm ~cdgmkd dko abmp eww}m bd mf~u a} al bm }mp}w laccayeki gbecoèpb+

dim al gakwmk_bm dim d ybegb wdm cdy gakweompw d ~mpwak aco mka}ib a omgeom a bd|m wmr yeb d ~dpkmp+

dim al fdhapeu_bm dim d ybegb wdm cdy pmgaikexmw d ~mpwak dw d cmidc do}c+

DEOW "dgt}epmo eff}km omlegemkgu wukopafm%_bm faw do|dkgmo wdim al BE\ oewmdwm+



DEW "dkopaimk ekwmkwee|eu wukopafm%D imkmeg ekmpwmr gakoeeak bd gd}wmw d lm}w yeb fdcm gbpafawafmw a `m }kd`cm a om|mca~

fdcm wmr apidkw# wa e bdw d lmfdcm dkdafu d èpb dko bpa}iba} celm+ ]w}dccu pdewmo dw iepcw#

ekoe|eo}dcw yeb DEW oa ka bd|m pm~pao}ge|m apidkw# oa ka fmkwp}dm# dpm eklmpecm# dko

}w}dccu bd|m |diekdw bd dpm aa wbdccay a dccay |diekdc ekmpga}pwm+

dccuD lpemko+ Almk }wmo a omwgpe`m wafmakm yba djmw d wdko didekw a~~pmwweak ap oewgpefekdeakyba ew ka d fmf`mp al bm a~~pmwwmo ipa}~ ‟ lap mrdf~cm# d ybem ~mpwak yba w~mdjw a}

didekw pdgewf ap d wpdeib ~mpwak yba w~mdjw a} didekw bafa~baèd+

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dc|maceWdgw ekweom bm `pmdw bd ~pao}gm fecj+

dfmkappbmdD cdgj al fmkwp}deak+

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~mplapfmo `mymmk 4=‗42 ymmjw al ~pmikdkgu a ommg gmpdek èpb omlmgw+

dfkeaeg lc}eo_bm cet}eo bd w}ppa}kow bm lm}w yebek bm dfkeaeg wdg+

dkdc ekmpga}pwmWmr ~cdu ek ybegb bm ~mkew mkmpw bm dk}w+

dkopaimk ekwmkwee|eu wukopafm "DEW%D imkmeg ekmpwmr gakoeeak bd gd}wmw d lm}w yeb fdcm gbpafawafmw a `m }kd`cm a om|mca~fdcm wmr apidkw# wa e bdw d lmfdcm dkdafu d èpb dko bpa}iba} celm+ ]w}dccu pdewmo dw iepcw#

ekoe|eo}dcw yeb DEW oa ka bd|m pm~pao}ge|m apidkw# oa ka fmkwp}dm# dpm eklmpecm# dko

}w}dccu bd|m |diekdw bd dpm aa wbdccay a dccay |diekdc ekmpga}pwm+

dkopaimkwGmpdek bapfakmw bd wef}cdm fdcm wmr}dc om|mca~fmk dko wmgakodpu fdcm wmr

gbdpdgmpewegw+ Cdpim dfa}kw dpm ~pao}gmo ek fmk―w mwegcmw dko wfdcc dfa}kw dpm ~pao}gmoek yafmk―w a|dpemw+ _bm faw gaffak dkopaimk ew mwawmpakm+

dkopaiukmD ~mpwak yba bdw gbdpdgmpewegw al àb imkompw# lmfekekm dko fdwg}cekm+ D ~mpwak ybawm

imkomp caajw fermo ap km}pdc ‟ dkopaiuka}w+



dkopaiuku

D imkomp eomkeu bd dccayw bm mr~pmwweak al àb imkomp pacmw+

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a fmka~d}wm ek yafmk+

dkopa~baèdLmdp al fmk+

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wfdcc dpmd al bm àou+ Pmieakdc dkmwbmwed wa~w wmkwdeak ek d cdpimp dpmd al bm àou+ Imkmpdc

dkmwbmwed wa~w wmkwdeak ek bm ybacm àou dko fdjmw akm }kgakwgea}w+ Gakwgea}w wmodeak

wa~w wmkwdeak ek bm àou ybecm dccayeki d ~mpwak a pmfdek dydjm `} omm~cu pmcdrmo+

dkeceki}wApdc wmr ~cdu yeb d ~dpkmp―w dk}w+

dkapmredDk mdeki oewapomp almk gd}wmo ù ~aap àou efdim ek ybegb ~ma~cm# }w}dccu yafmk# oak― md

ap md |mpu cecm a pmfdek ap `mgafm bek+

dkapidwfedEkdèceu a bd|m dk apidwf ap oelleg}cu ek bd|eki dk apidwf+

dkeèaegwFmoegekmw bd dpm }wmo a g}pm eklmgeakw gd}wmo ù `dgmped# l}kie# ap ~paaxad+

dkeàouD ~pamek om|mca~mo ù bm eff}km wuwmf ek pmw~akwm a d arek ekpao}gmo eka bm àou+

dke&gbaegmA~~awmo a bm `mceml bd yafmk bd|m bm peib a fdjm bmep ayk gbaegmw dà} ybmbmp dkoybmk a bd|m d gbeco+

dk}w

_bm a~mkeki lpaf bm pmg}f lpaf ybegb waceo ydwm lmgmw% cmd|mw bm àou+

d~bpaoewedgD w}`wdkgm bd ew w}~~awmo a ekgpmdwm wmr}dc omwepm+

dpmacd_bm odpj dpmd w}ppa}koeki bm ke~~cmw al yafmk dko fmk+



dpelegedc ekwmfekdeakWmm ~pmlmppmo mpf# –oakap ekwmfekdeak+‖

dwmr}dcBd|eki ka omwepm lap wmr ~cdu yeb d ~dpkmp+

dw~epdeak dàpeak D ~pagmo}pm bd mkow ~pmikdkgu ù mf~ueki bm }mp}w yeb bm imkcm w}geak al d fdk}dc

wupekim ap yeb fdgbekm&a~mpdmo w}geak+ Dcwa gdccmo –ek&gcekeg dàpeak+‖

dpa~beg |diekeewD |diekdc eppedeak yeba} d oewgbdpim gd}wmo ù caympmo cm|mcw al mwpaimk o}m a

† `pmdwlmmoeki

† eko}gmo fmka~d}wm

† kd}pdc fmka~d}wm

d}ampaeg^pa|eoeki wmr}dc wef}cdeak lap akm―w wmcl dko!ap `meki dpa}wmo ù akm―w wmcl+

d}ampaeg dw~buredeakWmcl&wpdki}cdeak lap wmr}dc dpa}wdc+ E ew |mpu odkimpa}w+ B}kopmow al ua}ki ~ma~cm# fawcu

fmk# oem al d}ampaeg dw~buredeak m|mpu umdp+

`dgj a a~

‗ @ ‗

`dgj}~ èpb gakpacDku fmbao ‟ ekgc}oeki gakoafw# oed~bpdifw# w~akimw# ap yebopdydc ‟ bd ew }wmo ybecmydeeki lap bapfakdc èpb gakpac fmbaow a `mgafm mllmge|m ek d yafdk―w wuwmf ap ybmk

bapfakdc fmbaow dpm ka djmk ak wgbmo}cm+ Wafm ~ma~cm dcwa pmlmp a mfmpimkgu

gakpdgm~eak dw `dgj}~ èpb gakpac+

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|diekdc `dgmped# ybegb fdu `m gd}wmo ù |diekdc ekmpga}pwm ap fdk}dc wmr ~cdu# mw~mgedccu yebd kmy ~dpkmp+

`dcdkeewDk eklcdffdeak al bm icdkw dko lapmwjek al bm ~mkew bd gdk `m gd}wmo ù eklmgeakw ‟

ekgc}oeki wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw ‟ eppedeakw# op}iw# ap abmp ldgapw+

http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/glossary-4338.htm#top




@ , O "àkodim dko oewge~cekm% Wmr}dc pacm&~cdu bd ekgc}omw mcmfmkw al wdoewf ap fdwagbewf+ Almk akm ~dpkmp ew ~buwegdccu

pmwpdekmo# à}ko# ap cmdwbmo+

`dppemp fmbaow al èpb gakpac

Gakpdgm~e|mw bd `cagj w~mpf lpaf mkmpeki bm }mp}w+ _bmwm dpm bm gakoaf# lmfdcmgakoaf# oed~bpdif# gd~# w~mpfegeom# dko w~akim+

@dpbacek―w icdkow_ya icdkow bd ~pa|eom c}`pegdeak o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk+ _bmu dpm cagdmo ek bm ekkmp

cdèd ak mdgb weom al bm a~mkeki a bm |diekd+

`dwdc àou mf~mpd}pm fmbaoD lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo èpb gakpac fmbao lap ~pmoegeki d yafdk―w lmpeceu ù djeki bmp

mf~mpd}pm+ Gdk `m }wmo lap gakpdgm~eak ap ~cdkkeki d ~pmikdkgu+

`mdpWcdki lap fmk# mw~mgedccu idu fmk# yba fdu `m `}pcu dko bdepu dko yba pmhmg bm faw ~a~}cdp

eomdw al ybd e ew a `m dpdge|m+

`mpodgbm Ek wafm Kde|m Dfmpegdk g}c}pmw# d ~mpwak yba ew àb lmfekekm dko fdwg}cekm+ Wmm

"pdkwimkomp" dko "ya&w~epemo+"

`mwedceuWmr}dc gakdg yeb dk dkefdc+

èimkompmoMr~pmwweki lmfekekeu dko fdwg}cekeu d oellmpmk efmw+

ècdmpdc fdwmgafu_bm w}piegdc pmfa|dc al àb `pmdww+ ^mplapfmo a pmd oewmdwm ap a gpmdm d fdcm&d~~mdpeki

gbmw+ Wmm "gbmw w}pimpu+"

èfdk}dc mrdf^buwegdc mrdfekdeak al d yafdk―w ekmpkdc pm~pao}ge|m apidkw+

èkim&mdeki oewapomp

Gaf~}cwe|m a|mpmdeki+

èacaiu_bm wgemkeleg w}ou al celm+

èa~wu_djeki d wfdcc wdf~cm al eww}m a fdjm d oedikawew+



èpb gdkdc_bm ~dwwdim lpaf bm }mp}w bpa}ib bm gmp|er dko |diekd bpa}ib ybegb bm lm}w ew ~}wbmo a}

al d yafdk―w àou o}peki gbecoèpb+

èpb gakpac

@mbd|eapw# om|egmw# ap fmoegdeakw }wmo a d|aeo }kekmkomo ~pmikdkgu+

èpb omlmgD ~buwegdc d`kapfdceu ~pmwmk d èpb+

èwmr}dc D ~mpwak yba bdw wmr}dc omwepm lap ~ma~cm al àb imkompw+

`cdoomp_bm apidk bd gaccmgw dko wapmw }pekm ~pao}gmo ù bm jeokmu+ _bm `cdoomp ew mf~emo bpa}ib

bm }pmbpd+

`cdwaguw_bm om|mca~eki ~pm&mf`pua wbapcu `mlapm ef~cdkdeak ybmk e ew d baccay `dcc al gmccw+

`cmkomo apidwf_bm gcefdr ap ~mdj al wmr}dc dpa}wdc lap yafmk bd ew `pa}ib dà} ù wef}cdeki bm gceapew

dko bm |diekd+

`caao u~m ! `caao ipa}~Akm al wm|mpdc gcdwwelegdeakw `dwmo ak bm ~pmwmkgm ap d`wmkgm al w}`wdkgmw bd dllmg pmo

`caao gmccw ek oellmpmk yduw dko wef}cdm bm ~pao}geak al gmpdek dkeàoemw+

`c}m `dccwWcdki lap }kgaflapd`cm lmmceki ek bm imkedcw bd fdu agg}p ybmk fmk oa ka bd|m dk

mhdg}cdeak laccayeki wmr}dc wef}cdeak+ Yafmk fdu mr~mpemkgm wefecdp dgbmw el bmu oa ka

pmdgb apidwf+ @mgd}wm al wmrew eklc}mkgmw# bmpm ew ka gaffak mr~pmwweak a omwgpe`m d

yafdk―w wuf~afw+

àou efdim Akm―w de}omw dko lmmcekiw dà} akm―w ayk àou dko d~~mdpdkgm+

àkodim dko oewge~cekm "@ , O%

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àkmp Wcdki lap dk mpmg ~mkew+

`pmdwlmmoeki^pa|eoeki d `dù yeb ka}pewbfmk al b}fdk fecj lpaf bm `pmdw+



`pmdww_ya icdkow ak bm gbmww al yafmk+ @pmdww dpm wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw ek yafmk+ _bmu

dpm dcwa gakweompmo wmr apidkw `mgd}wm bmu dpm almk wmr}dccu wmkwee|m dko fdu ekw~epm wmr}dc

omwepm+ Cejm fdffdpu icdkow ek abmp fdffdcw# bmu ~pao}gm fecj o}peki dko dlmp ~pmikdkgu+

Fmk dcwa bd|m `pmdw eww}m+

`pabmcD ~cdgm ybmpm d ipa}~ al wmr yapjmpw ‟ ~pawe}mw ‟ wmp|m bmep gcemkw+

`}àD wyaccmk icdko dko wapm gd}wmo ù gbdkgpaeo+

`}cà}pmbpdc icdkow _bm icdkow `mkmdb bm ~pawdm icdko bd dpm ddgbmo a bm }pmbpd+ _bmu ~pao}gm dk dcjdcekm

lc}eo ‟ ~pm&mhdg}cdm ap ~pm&g}f ‟ bd km}pdcexmw bm }pmbpd ek ~pm~dpdeak lap mhdg}cdeak+^pm&mhdg}cdm dcwa pmo}gmw lpegeak ek bm }pmbpd# fdjeki e mdwemp lap wmfmk a ~dww bpa}ib+

Dcwa gdccmo –Gay~mp―w icdkow+‖

`}cefedDk mdeki oewapomp ek ybegb èkim mdeki ew laccaymo ù ~}pieki yeb cdrde|mw ap wmcl&eko}gmo

|afeeki+

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bm ua}ki yafdk mkgcawmo ek d –`}koceki `di‖ bd pmdgbmo }~ a bmp dpf~ew+

`}gbWcdki lap dgeki fdwg}cekm# mw~mgedccu ek pmidpo a cmwèdkw dko idu fmk+ Fdu `m gakweompmo

allmkwe|m+

`} ~c}iD au lap dkdc wmr omweikmo a wdu ek ~cdgm ek bm dk}w dko pmg}f+ Wafm dpm omweikmo a

wef}cdm d fdk―w ~pawdm icdko+

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|diekdc `dgmped# ybegb fdu `m gd}wmo ù |diekdc ekmpga}pwm ap fdk}dc wmr ~cdu# mw~mgedccu yeb

d kmy ~dpkmp+

`dgj a a~

‗ G ‗





gdcmkodp fmbaoD lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao lap ~pmoegeki lmpeceu ek ybegb yafmk gbdp bmep fmkwp}dc

gugcmw ak d gdcmkodp+ Gdk `m }wmo lap gakpdgm~eak ap a ~cdk d ~pmikdkgu+

gdcc àu

D pmcde|mcu beib&mko wmr yapjmp yba fdjmw d~~aekfmkw yeb bew }w}dccu idu fdcm gcemkwbpa}ib dk mwgap wmp|egm+

gdcc iepcD pmcde|mcu beib&mko wmr yapjmp yba fdjmw d~~aekfmkw yeb bmp }w}dccu wpdeib fdcm gcemkw

bpa}ib dk mwgap wmp|egm+

gd~Wmm –LmfGd~+"

gdkoeod

D u~m al umdw ‟ Gdkoeod dcègdkw ‟ dko d gaffak gd}wm al |diekeew+ Umdw eklmgeakw fdudcwa agg}p ek bm ~mkew ap wgpa}f+ Ybmk bmu agg}p apdccu# bmu dpm gdccmo –bp}wb+‖

gdwpdeakPmfa|dc al bm mwegcmw+ Wmm "gbmfegdc gdwpdeak+"

gdw}dc wmrWmr ~cdu `mymmk ~dpkmpw yba dpm ka ek d pmcdeakwbe~ yeb akm dkabmp+

gmce`dgu Ka bd|eki wmr ~cdu+ Lapfmpcu# ka `meki fdppemo+

gmkwapwbe~_bm allegedc ~pabeèeak al eklapfdeak ba}ib a `m allmkwe|m ap odkimpa}w+

gmpm`pdc gapmr_bm ipdu# ypekjcmo fdww bd ga|mpw faw al bm `pdek# dwwagedmo yeb beibmp l}kgeakw#

ekgc}oeki cmdpkeki dko ~mpgm~eak+

gmp|egdc gd~D lepf# bef`cm&cejm# p}``mp ap wecegakm g}~ bd ew ekmkomo a le wmg}pmcu ak bm gmp|er+ ]wmo

yeb gakpdgm~e|m hmccu# bm gmp|egdc gd~ ew d `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac bd ew pm|mpwe`cm dko

d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+ _bm LmfGd~ ew bm akcu gmp|egdc gd~ g}ppmkcu d|decd`cm ek bm]+W+

gmp|egdc f}g}w_bm wmgpmeak lpaf bm caymp mko al bm }mp}w eka bm |diekd+ E gbdkimw ek t}dceu dko t}dkeu

bpa}iba} bm fmkwp}dc gugcm# mw~mgedccu dpa}ko bm efm al a|}cdeak+



gmp|egdc f}g}w fmbaoD lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao lap ~pmoegeki d yafdk―w lmpeceu ù a`wmp|eki gbdkimw ek

bmp gmp|egdc f}g}w+ Gdk `m }wmo lap gakpdgm~eak ap lap ~cdkkeki d ~pmikdkgu+

gmp|egeew

Dk eppedeak al bm gmp|er+ Fdu ekgc}om d`kapfdc oewgbdpim lpaf bm gmp|er bd gdk caaj dkolmmc cejm d |diekdc oewgbdpim+

gmp|er_bm kdppay# caymp ~dp ‟ kmgj ‟ al bm }mp}w# yeb d kdppay a~mkeki gakkmgeki bm }mp}w a

bm |diekd+

gmwdpedk wmgeak ! G&wmgeakGbecoèpb ek ybegb bm lm}w ew djmk a} al bm }mp}w w}piegdccu+

gbdkgpm

D wapm ak bm wjek ap f}g}w fmf`pdkm bd ew gd}wmo ù wu~becew o}peki bm lepw ~bdwm al eklmgeak+

gbdkgpaeoD akgm |mpu gaffak wmr}dccu pdkwfemo `dgmpe}f bd gd}wmw a~mk imkedc wapmw# gdccmo

`}àmw+ Akcu 07 gdwmw ympm pm~apmo ek bm ]+W+ ek 0>>9+

gbdkim al celmGaffak mpf lap fmka~d}wm+

gbdweu `mc

D om|egm omweikmo a ~pm|mk yafmk# fmk# ap gbecopmk lpaf bd|eki wmr+ ]wmo lpaf fmoem|dc afaompk efmw# bmwm om|egmw ympm dcwa w}~~awmo a ~pmwmp|m fapdceu+ Wafm ympm fmdk a

mkw}pm leomceu ek yafmk ek bm d`wmkgm al bmep b}w`dkow+ Abmpw ympm omweikmo a ~pm|mk

fdw}p`deak dko kag}pkdc mfewweakw ek fmk dko àuw+

gbmfegdc gdwpdeak _bm }wm al dk ekhmgeak al ~paimwek a omgpmdwm d fdk―w wmr}dc omwepm dko dpa}wdc+

gbmw èkoekiLcdmkeki `pmdw eww}m ek apomp a gpmdm d fdcm&d~~mdpeki gbmw+ Wafm L_Fw dko pdkwfmk

oak― èko d dcc o}m a gaflap eww}mw# `mgd}wm bmu fdu bd|m wfdcc gbmww# ap `mgd}wm bmu bd|m

}kompiakm gbmw pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu+ Wafm }wm oellmpmk fmbaow al cdumpeki gcabeki a bmc~beom bmep gbmww+ Wafm èko akcu ak gmpdek aggdweakw: wafm èko dcc bm efm+

gbmw w}pimpu ! gbmw pmgakwp}geak w}pimpuW}piegdc pmgakwp}geak a gpmdm d fapm lmfdcm& ap fapm fdcm&d~~mdpeki gbmw+ Wafmefmw dcwa

pmlmppmo a dw –a~ w}pimpu+‖ Gbmw w}pimpu ew bm faw gaffak w}piegdc ~pagmo}pm wa}ib ù

L_Fw+ Lap F_Lw# gbmw w}pimpu fdu ek|ac|m `pmdw ef~cdkw# ybegb dpm wafmefmw }wmo a



d}ifmk bm dfa}k al `pmdw om|mca~fmk bd fdu bd|m dcpmdou `mmk dgbem|mo bpa}ib

mwpaimk bapfakm bmpd~u+

gbeco d`}wmFewpmdfmk al d gbeco# ~buwegdccu# mfaeakdccu# dko!ap wmr}dccu+

gbeco ~apkaipd~buEfdimw al gbecopmk omweikmo a `m wmr}dccu dpa}weki+ Eccmidc+

gbeco wmr}dc d`}wm Wmr}dc gakdg ù dk do}c yeb d gbeco+ Wmm "ekgmw+"

gbcdfuoed D gaffak# wmr}dccu pdkwfemo `dgmpe}f bd gdk gd}wm wmpeceu dko dpbpeew ek yafmk dko

fmk+

gbapeakeg |ecc}w wdf~ceki "G\W% D ~pmkddc mw bd mrdfekmw bm eww}m bd ddgbmw bm lm}w a bm ydcc al bm }mp}w+ El

ekoegdmo# }w}dccu ~mplapfmo `mymmk 4>‗40 ymmjw al ~pmikdkgu a ommg gmpdek èpb omlmgw+

gbpafawafmWp}g}pmw ek d gmcc bd gdppu imkmw# ybegb gdppu bmpmoedpu eklapfdeak+

gepg}fgeweak Dk a~mpdeak a pmfa|m bm lapmwjek al bm ~mkew ap bm gceapdc baao+ Wmm ‖lmfdcm

gepg}fgeweak+‖

gcefdgmpeg_bm ~buweacaiegdc dko mfaeakdc feocelm gbdkimw lap yafmk bd ~pmgmom fmka~d}wm+ Gd}wmo ù

omgpmdweki cm|mcw al mwpaimk dko mwawmpakm+ Wmm –dkopa~d}wm+‖

gcefdr

Dk apidwf ap a bd|m dk apidwf+

gcekegedk D t}dcelemo bmdcb gdpm ~palmwweakdc# w}gb dw d oagap# k}pwm# k}pwm ~pdgeeakmp# ap ~buwegedk

dwwewdk+ Dcwa gdccmo –bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp+‖

gceapdc baao D wfdcc lcd~ al wjek lapfmo ù bm ekkmp cdèd bd ga|mpw dko ~pamgw bm gceapew+

gceapdc apidwf_bm gcefdr ap ~mdj al wmr}dc dpa}wdc lap yafmk bd ew `pa}ib dà} ù wef}cdeki bm gceapew

yeba} wef}cdeki bm |diekd+



gceapdc pmo}geakWbapmkeki bm gceapew w}piegdccu# dw ek imkomp pmdwweikfmk w}pimpu dko lmfdcm imkedc

f}ecdeak+

gceapeomgafu

Pmfa|dc al bm mrmpkdc gceapew+ Wmm "lmfdcm imkedc f}ecdeak+"

gceapew _bm lmfdcm wmr apidk bd ew |mpu wmkwee|m a bm a}gb+ E ew fdom al w~akiu eww}m bd wymccw

yeb `caao o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk+ _bm mrmpkdc e~ al bm gceapew ew cagdmo d bm a~ al bm

|}c|d# ybmpm bm ekkmp ce~w fmm+ _bm ekkmp wp}g}pm al bm gceapew ekgc}omw d wbdl dko ya gp}pdpaaw ap cmiw% al eww}m bd mrmko }~ a le|m ekgbmw eka d yafdk―w àou ak àb weomw al bmp

|diekd a ddgb a bm ~}èg àkm+ Kmyapjw al beibcu wmkwee|m kmp|mw mrmko lpaf bm gp}pd ekbm ~mc|eg dpmd+ _bm gceapew ew bm akcu apidk ek bm b}fdk àou ybawm akcu ~}p~awm ew wmr}dc

~cmdw}pm+

gcawmo fdppedim ! gcawmo pmcdeakwbe~_bm }keak al ya ~ma~cm yba dipmm a bd|m ka abmp wmr ~dpkmpw+

gcawmmo ! ek bm gcawmGakgmdceki akm―w p}m eomkeu mw~mgedccu èwmr}dc# cmwèdk# idu# ap pdkwimkomp% a akmwmcl

dko!ap abmpw+

GF\ "guafmidca|ep}w% Dk eklmgeak bd fdu `m pdkwfemo bpa}ib wmr}dc ap ekefdm gakdg ap gbecoèpb dko bd

fdu gd}wm ~mpfdkmk oewdèceu# ekgc}oeki bmdpeki caww dko fmkdc pmdpodeak lap ekldkw dko

`cekokmww dko fmkdc oewapompw lap do}cw+

gaea~baèdLmdp al |diekdc ekmpga}pwm+

gae}w Wmr ~cdu ek ybegb bm ~mkew mkmpw bm |diekd+ Dcwa gdccmo ‖|diekdc ekmpga}pwm+‖

gacawp}fFecj d yafdk ~pao}gmw lap d lmy oduw peib dlmp gbecoèpb+ E ew cay ek ld `} beib ek gmccw bd

bmc~ bmp ekldk leib eklmgeak+

gac~awga~mD |emyeki ekwp}fmk yeb d `peib ceib dko fdikelueki cmkw bd ew }wmo a mrdfekm bm |diekd

dko gmp|er+ Gac~awga~mw dpm ka ekwmpmo eka d yafdk―w àou+%

gafèkdeak ~eccD èpb gakpac ~ecc bd gakdekw bm bapfakmw mwpaimk dko ~paimwek+



gafèkmo bapfakm gakpdgm~e|mw@epb gakpac fmbaow ‟ bm ~ecc# bm ~dgb# bm peki ‟ bd gakdek bm bapfakmw mwpaimk dko

~paimwek+

gafèkmo apdc gakpdgm~e|mw

@epb gakpac ~eccw bd gakdek bm bapfakmw mwpaimk dko ~paimwek+

gafèkmo mwD w~mgedc jeko al ~pmkddc }cpdwa}ko yeb d `caao mw bd ew }wmo a wgpmmk d lm}w lap Oayk―w

wukopafm dko abmp gbpafawafdc ~pa`cmfw+

gafeki a} "al bm gcawm%_bm ~pagmww al dggm~eki dko `meki a~mk dà} akm―w ~pm|ea}wcu gakgmdcmo eomkeu# w}gb dw

`meki èwmr}dc# cmwèdk# idu# ap pdkwimkomp+

gaf~cmm fewgdppedim

D fewgdppedim ek ybegb dcc bm ~pmikdkgu eww}m ew ~dwwmo+ _pmdfmk }w}dccu ew ka kmmomo+

gaf~pmbmkwe|m wmr mo}gdeak

D fmoegdccu dgg}pdm g}ppeg}c}f ap gcdwwpaaf mr~mpemkgm bd ~pa|eomw ua}ki ~ma~cm yeb

~awee|m fmwwdimw dà} wmr dko wmr}dceu dw kd}pdc# kapfdc# bmdcbu ~dpw al celm: ekgc}omweklapfdeak dà} d`wekmkgm dw bm `mw ydu a d|aeo wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw dko

}kekmkomo ~pmikdkgu: mdgbmw bd gakoafw pmo}gm bm pewj al eklmgeak# ekgc}oeki BE\# dko bd

abmp lapfw al èpb gakpac dcwa pmo}gm bm pewj al }k~cdkkmo ~pmikdkgu lap ua}ki ~ma~cm ybadpm wmr}dccu dge|m: dko ~pa|eomw a~~ap}keemw a bmc~ ua}ki ~ma~cm om|mca~ pmcdeakwbe~ dko

gaff}kegdeakw wjeccw a bmc~ bmf mr~capm bmep ayk |dc}mw# iadcw# dko a~eakw dw ymcc dw bm

|dc}mw al bmep ldfecemw dko gaff}keemw+ E dcwa ~pa|eomw fmoegdccu dgg}pdm eklapfdeak dà}

† b}fdk om|mca~fmk

† b}fdk pm~pao}geak

† fdw}p`deak dko abmp wmr}dc `mbd|eapw

† a~eakw lap }kekmkomo ~pmikdkgu8 pdeweki d gbeco# ~cdgeki d gbeco lap doa~eak# dàpeak

† pmcdeakwbe~w

† fapdc dko pmceiea}w |dc}mw

† wdlmp wmr

† wmr}dc mr~pmwweak

† wmr}dc bmdcb

† wmr}dc eomkeu

† wmr}dc apemkdeak

† wagedc dko g}c}pdc mr~mgdeakw dà} wmr dko wmr}dceu

Gafwagj DgDk 4297 cdy bd fdom e d lmompdc gpefm a }wm bm ]+W+ fdec a oewpe`}m dkubeki gakweompmo

–a`wgmkm# cmyo# cdwge|ea}w# ekomgmkcu lecbu# ap |ecm#‖ ekgc}oeki eklapfdeak dà} dàpeak#gakpdgm~eak# dko wmr}dc bmdcb+ Fdku wdm –Gafwagj cdyw‖ ympm dcwa ~dwwmo o}peki bm }pk

al bm 0>b

gmk}pu+



gakgm~eak_bm fafmk ybmk bm ~pm&mf`pua ddgbmw a bm cekeki al bm }mp}w dko ~pmikdkgu `miekw+

Dcwa }wmo a omwgpe`m bm lmpecexdeak al bm mii+

gakoaf

D wbmdb al bek p}``mp# ~cdweg# ap dkefdc eww}m bd ew yapk ak bm ~mkew o}peki wmr}dcekmpga}pwm+ E ew dk a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe`cm `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac# dko e dcwa

pmo}gmw bm pewj al imeki bm faw wmpea}w wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw+

gakimkedc wu~becewWu~becew bd ew pdkwfemo lpaf d yafdk a bmp lm}w o}peki ~pmikdkgu# cmdoeki a àkmoewapompw# ydweki# caww al weib dko!ap bmdpeki# omlapfeemw# weccèpb# ap omdb al kmyàpk+

gakek}a}w d`wekmkgmIaeki yeba} wmr ~cdu lap caki ~mpeaow al efm ‟ fakbw ap umdpw+

gakpdgm~eak ! gakpdgm~e|mDku `mbd|eap# om|egm# fmoegdeak# ap ~pagmo}pm }wmo a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+

gakpdgm~e|m gpmdfw dko hmccemwW}`wdkgmw gakdekeki w~mpfegeom# ybegb `cagj dko effaècexm w~mpf dko ~pm|mk e lpaf haekeki yeb bm mii+ _bmwm dpm a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe cm `dppemp fmbaow al epb gakpac+

]wmo yeb gmp|egdc gd~w ap oed~bpdifw+

gakpdgm~e|m lecf ! G&LecfD bek# ya&ekgb wt}dpm wbmm al gbmfegdcw bd ew ekwmpmo omm~ eka bm |diekd# dko fmcw eka d

begj cet}eo bd `cagjw bm mkpdkgm a bm }mp}w yeb d w~mpfegeom+ E effaècexmw w~mpf dko

~pm|mkw e lpaf haekeki yeb dk mii+ Dk a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe`cm `dppemp fmbao al èpbgakpac+ Faw mllmge|m ybmk }wmo yeb d gakoaf+

gakpdgm~e|m ladfD w}`wdkgm bd ew ekwmpmo omm~ eka bm |diekd# dko `cagjw bm mkpdkgm a bm }mp}w yeb

`}``cmw bd gakdek d w~mpfegeom a effaècexm w~mpf# ~pm|mkeki e lpaf haekeki yeb dk mii+

Dk a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe`cm `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac+ Faw mllmge|m ybmk }wmo yeb d

gakoaf+

gakpdgm~e|m w}~~aweapuD waceo gd~w}cm gakdekeki w~mpfegeom bd ew ekwmpmo omm~ eka bm |diekd# dko fmcw eka d

cet}eo a `cagj dko effaècexm w~mpf# ~pm|mkeki e lpaf haekeki yeb dk mii+ Dk a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe`cm `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac+ Faw mllmge|m ybmk }wmo yeb d gakoaf+

gakpdgeak_bm ~mpeaoeg eibmkeki al bm }mp}w o}peki gbecoèpb# ybegb dcwa gd}wmw gpdf~eki+

Gaaceoim Mllmg_bm wbapmkeki al bm dfa}k al efm e djmw lap d fdk a `m d`cm a `mgafm mpmg didek dlmp



apidwf ù bm d~~mdpdkgm al d kmy ~amkedc wmr ~dpkmp+ _bm kdfm al bew mllmg ew `dwmo ak akmal bm wapemw dà} ^pmweomk Gdc|ek Gaaceoim dko bew yelm# Ipdgm# yba ympm ak oellmpmk a}pw

al bm wdfm ldpf ek bm Feoymw+ Dlmp cmdpkeki bd akm paawmp ga}co bd|m wmr yeb d ybacm

lcagj al gbegjmkw# Fpw+ Gaaceoim wmk d fmwwdim a bm ~pmweomk wdueki bd e ya}co `m kegm el bm ympm dw mkmpimeg dw bm paawmp+ ^pmweomk Gaaceoim pmw~akomo ù wmkoeki bm Lepw Cdou d

fmwwdim ek ybegb bm a`wmp|mo bd bm paawmp wmcoaf |ewemo bm wdfm gbegjmk yegm+

ga~}cdeak\diekdc ekmpga}pwm+

gapm imkomp eomkeuWmm –imkomp eomkeu+‖

gapakd_bm moim al bm icdkw al bm ~mkew+

gap~apdc ~}kewbfmkD lapf al oewge~cekm bd eklcegw ~dek ak d ~mpwak―w àou ‟ }w}dccu d gbeco―w+

gap~}w gd|mpkawd_ya wpe~w al mpmgecm eww}m ek bm icdkw# wbdl# dko gp}pd al bm gceapew dko dcaki bm weomw al bm~mkew bd mrmko `dgj eka bm ~mc|eg lcaap+ O}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk# bmu lecc yeb `caao dko

`mgafm mpmg+

gap~}w c}m}fD fdww al gmccw bd lapf ak dk a|dpu dko ~pao}gm mwawmpakm laccayeki bm pmcmdwm al dk mii+

gap~}w w~akieaw}fMpmgecm eww}m bd lapfw bm icdkw al bm gceapew dko ~mkew+ Ek bm ~mkew# e p}kw lpaf bm icdkw

dcaki bm }kompweom al bm wbdl# w}ppa}koeki bm }pmbpd+

ga}pmwdkD beib&mko# yafdk wmr yapjmp yba bdw wafm wagedc wd}w+

ga}pwbe~_bm dmf~w al ya ~ma~cm a dpdg mdgb abmp# wmr}dccu dko mfaeakdccu# almk yeb d iadc al mwd`cewbeki d pmcdeakwbe~ w}gb dw fdppedim+ _bm ydu d ga}pwbe~ ew gdppemo a} ew eklc}mkgmo ù

g}c}pdc kapfw dw ymcc dw ù wmr}dc ekwekg+ Dfaki dcc dkefdcw# ekgc}oeki b}fdkw# ga}pwbe~

ek|ac|mw fdjeki weikdcw ù àb ekoe|eo}dcw# lap a~~awem&wmr dko wdfm&wmr pmcdeakwbe~w+

ga}pcu ca|mD fmoem|dc pdoeeak `miekkeki ek bm 40

bgmk}pu ek ybegb bm ye|mw al ka`cmfmk ympm

}kddekd`cm a`hmgw yba ympm ek gbdpim al bm pmcdeakwbe~w bmu bdo yeb `dgbmcap jkeibw+ D

lapmp}kkmp al bm gakgm~ al pafdkeg ca|m bd cdmp ipmy a} al bm 49b

gmk}pu+



ga}|dom^pmikdkgu wuf~afw mr~mpemkgmo ù bm ~dpkmp al d ~pmikdk yafdk+

Gay~mp―w icdkow_bm icdkow `mkmdb bm ~pawdm icdko bd dpm ddgbmo a bm }pmbpd+ _bmu ~pao}gm d lc}eo ‟

~pm&mhdg}cdm ap ~pm&g}f ‟ bd ~pm~dpmw bm }pmbpd lap mhdg}cdeak+ ^pm&mhdg}cdm dcwa pmo}gmwlpegeak ek bm }pmbpd# fdjeki e mdwemp lap wmfmk a ~dww bpa}ib+ Dcwa gdccmo –`}cà}pmbpdc

icdkow+‖

gpmfdwmp_bm f}wgcm bd mcm|dmw bm mwegcmw dw mf~mpd}pmw im gacomp ap ybmk bm lpak ap ekkmpw}pldgm al bm beib ew wef}cdmo+

gpmfdwmp pmlcmr_bm d}afdeg pmw~akwm al bm gpmfdwmp f}wgcm# ybegb mcm|dmw àb mwegcmw ybmk mr~awmo agaco+ Ek pmw~akwm a beib wef}cdeak# akcu bm mwegcm kmr a bm wef}cdmo beib yecc `m

mcm|dmo+

gpaww&opmwwmp

D ~mpwak yba wafmefmw ymdpw gcabeki dwwagedmo yeb bm a~~awem wmr ek apomp a bd|m l}k#mkmpdek# idek mfaeakdc wdewldgeak# ap fdjm d ~aceegdc wdmfmk dà} imkomp pacmw ‟ lap

mrdf~cm# opdi jekiw dko opdi t}mmkw+ Wmm –pdkw|mwem+‖

gpaww&ce|ekiL}cc&efm 0?!9% ~pmwmkdeak al akm―w wmcl ek bm wmcl&eomkelemo imkomp+

gpaww&wmr bapfakm }wm

_djeki fmoegdeak a ~pao}gm gbdpdgmpewegw al d oellmpmk imkomp+

gp}ewekiWmdpgbeki lap d wmr ~dpkmp ek ~}`ceg ~cdgmw+

gp}pdEkmpkdc mrmkweakw al bm gap~}w gd|mpkawd al bm gceapew dko ~mkew bd ddgb a bm ~}èg àkm+

gpuabmpd~u_bm pmfa|dc al d`kapfdc ap }kydkmo eww}m ‟ ydpw dko abmp ipaybw ‟ ù lpmmxeki bmf+

gpu~apgbeoewfD gakoeeak ek ybegb akm ap àb mwegcmw ldec a omwgmko eka bm wgpa}f yebek bpmm fakbw al

èpb+

g}c}pdc kapfDk dge|eu# `mceml# ap |dc}m bd ew wbdpmo ù fmf`mpw al d ~dpeg}cdp g}c}pm+ Wpdueki lpaf

g}c}pdc kapfw almk pmw}cw ek peoeg}cm# ~}kewbfmk# ap `dkewbfmk+



g}c}pm_bm wbdpmo `mcemlw# |dc}mw# bmpedim# g}wafw# kapfw# dp# laao# cdki}dim# dko pe}dcw al d

gaff}keu+

g}f

Wcdki lap "mhdg}cdm+"

g}kkeceki}w]wm al bm fa}b# mmb# dko!ap aki}m a wef}cdm bm gceapew# |}c|d# dko |diekd+

g}pmmD wfdcc fmdc caa~ }wmo a wgpd~m eww}m+ ]wmo ek oecdeak dko g}pmdim+

g}ekiPm~mee|m# wmcl&eklcegmo g}eki al bm wjek dwwagedmo yeb `meki d`}wmo# imkomp ouw~baped#

om~pmwweak# ap ouwfmkappbmd+ Wafm d}bapeemw gakweomp e d omlmkwm didekw wmr}dc omwepm dw ymcc

dw d ydu a wdewlu wmr}dc omwepm+

G}wbeki wukopafmD gakoeeak dwwagedmo yeb ~e}edpu icdko ~pa`cmfw+

G\W "gbapeakeg |ecc}w wdf~ceki%D ~pmkddc mw bd mrdfekmw bm eww}m bd ddgbmw bm lm}w a bm ydcc al bm }mp}w+ El

ekoegdmo# }w}dccu ~mplapfmo `mymmk 4>‗40 ymmjw al ~pmikdkgu a ommg gmpdek èpb omlmgw+

gu`mpwmrPmgme|eki wmr}dc wef}cdeak }weki akcekm fmoed# bm Ekmpkm# |eoma gdfw# m&fdec# ap ekwdk

fmwwdieki+

gu`mpwdcjeki_a pdgj dko laccay wafmakm―w akcekm ~pmwmkgm dko gaff}kegdeakw ek d bpmdmkeki ydu+

guweewDk eklmgeak al bm `cdoomp+ Dcwa gdccmo –}pekdpu pdg eklmgeak+‖

guafmidca|ep}w "GF\%Dk eklmgeak bd fdu `m pdkwfemo bpa}ib wmr}dc ap ekefdm gakdg ap gbecoèpb dko bd

fdu gd}wm ~mpfdkmk oewdèceu# ekgc}oeki bmdpeki caww dko fmkdc pmdpodeak lap ekldkw dko

`cekokmww dko fmkdc oewapompw lap do}cw+

`dgj a a~

‗ O ‗

O , G "oecdeak dko g}pmdim%_bm }wm al d g}pmm ‟ d fmdc fmoegdc ekwp}fmk yeb d kdppay caa~ ‟ a imkcu wgpd~m bm





cekeki lpaf bm ydccw al bm }mp}w# dko bm }wm al w}geak a pmfa|m eww}m lpaf bm }mp}w+ Fdu

dcwa `m }wmo lap dàpeak+

O , M "oecdeak dko m|dg}deak%_bm }wm al fmoegdc ekwp}fmkw dko w}geak a imkcu pmfa|m eww}m lpaf bm }mp}w o}peki dk

dàpeak+

O , W "oafekdkgm dko w}`fewweak%Wmr}dc pacm ~cdu bd mkdgw ldkdwemw al ~aymp dko ~aympcmwwkmww+

odm pd~mWmr}dc gakdg bd ew lapgmo o}peki d odeki pmcdeakwbe~+

Od}ibmpw al @eceewLa}komo ek 45== ù Omc Fdpek dko ^buccew Cuak# bm lepw ]+W+ apidkexdeak lap cmwèdkw+

Jdbdpekm @mfmk Od|ew "42<> ‗

45?=%Gaf~cmmo bm lepw fdhap w}ou ak yafmk―w wmr}dceu# Ldgtapw ek tbm Wmr Ce|mw al _ymktu&_ya

B}kopmo Yafmk# ybegb ydw ~}`cewbmo ek 4505+ Wbm idbmpmo odd lap fapm bdk 4> umdpw dà}bm wmr ce|mw al feoocm&gcdww yafmk+ Dcwa yapjmo yeb wmr yapjmpw ek ~pewak+ Wbm caajmo d

wmr}dc omwepm# fdw}p`deak# lpmt}mkgu al ekmpga}pwm# }wm al èpb gakpac# fdppedim# wa}pgmw al

wmr}dc ekwp}geak dko eklapfdeak# dko wdfm&wmr ekefdm pmcdeakwbe~w+ Bmp w}ou gbdccmkimobm kdppay pm~pao}ge|m |emy al yafmk―w wmr}dceu bd ydw gaffak d bm `miekkeki al bm 0> b

gmk}pu+ E ydw a}p lepw pmdc icef~wm eka bm wmr ce|mw al pmdc yafmk+

Omgcdpdeak al Wmr}dc Peibw Opdlmo ù bm Yapco Dwwagedeak lap Wmr}dc Bmdcb dko mkoapwmo ù bm Yapco Bmdcb

Apidkexdeak# bm omgcdpdeak ekgc}omw bmwm wmr}dc peibw8

† _bm peib a wmr}dc lpmmoaf ‟ dccayw }w a mr~pmww a}p l}cc wmr}dc ~amkedc# `}

mrgc}omw dcc lapfw al wmr}dc gampgeak# mr~caedeak# dko d`}wm+

† _bm peib a wmr}dc d}akafu# wmr}dc ekmipeu# dko wdlmu al bm wmr}dc àou ‟wdlmi}dpow fdjeki d}akafa}w omgeweakw dà} a}p ayk wmr}dc ce|mw yebek bm gakmr

al a}p ayk ~mpwakdc dko wagedc mbegw+ E dcwa mkw}pmw a}p gakpac dko mkhaufmk al a}p

ayk àoemw# lpmm lpaf ap}pm# f}ecdeak# dko |eacmkgm al dku wap+

† _bm peib a wmr}dc ~pe|dgu ‟ ~pamgw a}p peib a a}p ekoe|eo}dc omgeweakw dko`mbd|eapw dà} ekefdgu# dw caki dw bmu oa ka ekp}om ak bm wmr}dc peibw al abmpw+

† _bm peib a wmr}dc mt}eu ‟ ~pmwmp|mw a}p lpmmoaf lpaf dcc lapfw al oewgpefekdeak#

pmidpocmww al dim# gcdww# gacap# imkomp# imkomp mr~pmwweak# imkomp eomkeu# kdeakdc apeiek#~buwegdc dko mfaeakdc gbdpdgmpewegw ap oewdèceu# pdgm# pmceieak# wmr# wmr}dc apemkdeak#

ap wageamgakafeg wd}w+

† _bm peib a wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm ‟ pmgaikexmw bd wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm# ~dpkmpmo ap}k~dpkmpmo# ew d wa}pgm al ekmccmg}dc# ~buwegdc# ~wugbacaiegdc# dko w~epe}dc ymcc&`meki+

† _bm peib a mfaeakdc wmr}dc mr~pmwweak ‟ pmgaikexmw bd wmr}dc mr~pmwweak ew kacefemo a mpaeg ~cmdw}pm ap wmr}dc dgw# `} ekgc}omw gaff}kegdeak# mfaeakdc

mr~pmwweak# imkomp mr~pmwweak# ca|m# dko a}gb+



† _bm peib a wmr}dccu dwwagedm lpmmcu ‟ dccayw }w a fdppu ap ka# a oe|apgm# dko agbaawm dko mwd`cewb abmp pmw~akwe`cm wmr}dc dwwagedeakw+

† _bm peib a fdjm lpmm dko pmw~akwe`cm pm~pao}ge|m gbaegmw ‟ ~pamgw a}p peib a

omgeom ybmbmp dko ybmk a bd|m d gbeco# ekgc}oeki bm k}f`mp dko w~dgeki al gbecopmk#dko bm peib a l}cc dko |ac}kdpu dggmww a bm fmdkw al lmpeceu pmi}cdeak+

† _bm peib a wgemkgm&`dwmo wmr}dc eklapfdeak ‟ ~pamgw wmr}dc eklapfdeak bd ewimkmpdmo bpa}ib bm ~pagmww al }kmkg}f`mpmo# wgemkeleg# dko mbegdc ekt}epu# dko bd ewoewwmfekdmo ek d~~pa~pedm yduw d dcc wagemdc cm|mcw+

† _bm peib a gaf~pmbmkwe|m wmr}dceu mo}gdeak ‟ dgjkaycmoimw bd cmdpkeki dà}

a}p wmr}dceu ew d celmcaki ~pagmww bd `miekw d èpb dko bd wba}co ek|ac|m dcc wagedc

ekwe}eakw+

† _bm peib a wmr}dc bmdcb gdpm ‟ dgjkaycmoimw bd wmr}dc bmdcb gdpm# ekgc}oeki

imkomp&gaklepfeki w}pimpu# wba}co `m d|decd`cm a dcc ~ma~cm lap ~pm|mkeak dko pmdfmk

al dcc wmr}dc gakgmpkw# ~pa`cmfw# dko oewapompw+

omm~ jewweki

Jewweki bd ek|ac|mw ~}eki bm aki}m eka d ~dpkmp―w fa}b+ Dcwa gdccmo –Lpmkgb jewweki+‖

omcdumo mhdg}cdeakGaffakcu }wmo mpf lap d fdk―w oelleg}cu ek bd|eki dk apidwf+

omkdc odfD wpmgbd`cm wt}dpm al cdmr }wmo dw d `dppemp o}peki gmpdek omkdc ~pagmo}pmw a jmm~ ~dpegcmw

lpaf ldcceki eka bm bpad+ Dcwa }wmo dw d `dppemp lap wdlmp wmr o}peki g}kkeceki}w ‟ apdc

wef}cdeak al bm gceapew dko |}c|d ‟ dko dkeceki}w ‟ apdc wef}cdeak al bm dk}w+

Om~a&^pa|mpd

_bm `pdko kdfm al d ~paimwek# OF^D om~a fmoparu~paimwmpakm dgmdm%# bd ew ekhmgmo ekabm `}agj ap dpf m|mpu 40 ymmjw a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ E ew d pm|mpwe`cm fmbao al èpb gakpac

d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+

om~a fmoparu~paimwmpakm dgmdm "OF^D% ^paimwek la}ko ek Om~a&^pa|mpd+ ]wmo lap gakpdgm~eak+ Ek cdpimp oawmw# e ew }wmo lap gbmfegdc

gdwpdeak+

om~pmwweak_bm lmmceki al ipmd wdokmww bd djmw gakpac a|mp akm―w celm+

OMW "oembucwec`mwpac%Dk dpelegedc bapfakm }wmo a ~pm|mk fewgdppedim ek bm 45=>w dko )<>w+ E gd}wmo pm~pao}ge|m

oewapompw dko gdkgmpw ek akm a} al 9>>‗9#>>> gbecopmk al bm yafmk yba ydkmo a ~pamg

bmf+

omwepm ~bdwm_bm lepw wdim al bm wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm+



om|mca~fmkdc oewdèceuGaikee|m ap ~buwegdc ef~depfmk bd fdu `miek d èpb dko ew mr~mgmo a cdw d celmefm+

oed`meg |}c|eewD umdw eklmgeak gd}wmo ù gakdg yeb }pekm bd bdw bm beib w}idp gakmk dwwagedmo yeb d

yafdk yeb oed`mmw+

oed~bpdifD wal p}``mp oafm ekmkomo a le wmg}pmcu a|mp bm gmp|er+ ]wmo yeb gakpdgm~e|m gpmdf ap

hmccu# bm oed~bpdif ew d pm|mpwe cm `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+

oembucwec`mwpac "OMW%Dk dpelegedc bapfakm }wmo a ~pm|mk fewgdppedim ek bm 45=>w dko )<>w+ E gd}wmo pm~pao}ge|m

oewapompw dko gdkgmpw ek akm a} al 9>>‗9#>>> gbecopmk al bm yafmk yba ydkmo a ~pamg

bmf+

oecdeak dko g}pmdim "O , G%_bm }wm al d g}pmm ‟ d fmdc fmoegdc ekwp}fmk yeb d kdppay caa~ ‟ a imkcu wgpd~m bm

cekeki lpaf bm ydccw al bm }mp}w# dko bm }wm al w}geak a pmfa|m eww}m lpaf bm }mp}w+ Fdu

dcwa `m }wmo lap dàpeak+

oecdeak dko m|dg}deak "O , M%_bm }wm al fmoegdc ekwp}fmkw dko w}geak a imkcu pmfa|m eww}m lpaf bm }mp}w o}peki dk

dàpeak+

oecdapwD wmpemw al ekgpmdwekicu begj paow fdom al ~cdweg# fmdc# ap d`wap`mk kd}pdc le`mp bd dpm }wmo

a wpmgb a~mk bm gmp|er+

oecoaD ~mkew&wbd~mo wmr au }wmo a wef}cdm bm |diekd ap dk}w+

oe|mpweu_bm ~pmwmkgm al fdku oellmpmk jekow al ~ma~cm# ekgc}oeki ~ma~cm al |dpea}w dèceemw# dimw#

imkompw# pdgedc dko mbkeg `dgjipa}kow# pmceieakw# wmr}dc apemkdeakw# dko wagedc gcdwwmw+

OF^D^paimwek la}ko ek Om~a&^pa|mpd+ _bm O wdkow lap om~a# bm wac}eak ek ybegb bm bapfakm ew

w}w~mkomo+ _bm F^D wdkow lap bm bapfakm fmoparu~paimwmpakm dgmdm+ ]wmo lapgakpdgm~eak+ Ek cdpimp oawmw# e ew }wmo lap gbmfegdc gdwpdeak+

Oam |+ @actak

_bm ]+W+ W}~pmfm Ga}p omgeweak# eww}mo ak bm wdfm odu dw Pam |+ Ydom# bd wp}gj oayk

pmwpegeakw ak ldgeceemw bd gdk `m }wmo lap dàpeak wmp|egmw# ybegb dccaymo bmf a `m

~mplapfmo ek gcekegw dw ymcc dw baw~edcw+



oafmweg ~dpkmpwbe~_bm gaffemo# caki&mpf pmcdeakwbe~ al ya }kfdppemo ~ma~cm yba ce|m aimbmp+

oafekdkgm dko w}`fewweak "O , W%Wmr}dc pacm ~cdu bd mkdgw ldkdwemw al ~aymp dko ~aympcmwwkmww+

oafekdperD yafdk wmr ~dpkmp yba djmw bm oafekdeki pacm ek wmr ~cdu bd ek|ac|mw àkodim dkooewge~cekm# oafekdkgm dko w}`fewweak# ap wdoewf dko fdwagbewf+ Wafm wmr yapjmpw w~mgedcexm

ek bew pacm+

Oak H}dkewf_bm omwepm ù d fdk a bd|m wmr |mpu lpmt}mkcu yeb fdku oellmpmk ~dpkmpw+

oakap ekwmfekdeak^cdgeki wmfmk ek d yafdk―w |diekd ap }mp}w yeba} |diekdc ekmpga}pwm a ~pao}gm d

~pmikdkgu+ Dcwa gdccmo "dcmpkde|m ekwmfekdeak+"

oa}`cm wdkodpo ]kmt}dc mr~mgdeakw# fapdc wdkodpow# ap p}cmw bd dccay akm ipa}~ a bd|m fapm ~pe|ecmimw

bdk dkabmp ipa}~ yebek d wagemu+ D wmr}dc oa}`cm wdkodpo# lap mrdf~cm# }w}dccu ~cdgmw fapm

pmwpegeakw ak yafmk bdk ak fmk+

oa}gbm

D w~pdu al ydmp ap wac}eak al fmoegdeak eka bm |diekd+

oa}cd

D ~mpwak yba ~pa|eomw kak&fmoegdc w}~~ap lap d ~pmikdk yafdk# mw~mgedccu o}peki cdàp dkogbecoèpb dko lap wafm efm dlmp+ Faw almk# oa}cdw dpm yafmk# `} bmpm dpm dcwa wafm

t}dcelemo fmk yba yapj dw oa}cdw+

Oayk wukopafm D pdkim al èpb omlmgw gd}wmo ù bm lm}w bd|eki dk mrpd ga~u al gbpafawafm 04 pewafu

04%+

oaypu _bm ~dufmk# ek fakmu ap ~pa~mpu# bd d `peom―w ldfecu fdjmw a bm ipaaf d bm mkidimfmk

ap fdppedim al bm ga}~cm+ Ka cakimp ~pdgegmo ek faw Ymwmpk g}c}pmw+%

opdiMrdiimpdmo gpaww&opmwweki lap mkmpdekfmk+

opmwweki peki Ek \egapedk efmw# d peki al fmdc ~} bpa}ib bm icdkw al bm ~mkew+ E ddgbmo a d baaj ekweom

bm cmi al d fdk―w pa}wmpw a jmm~ bm ~mkew ek ~cdgm wa e ya}cok― `}kgb }~ dko ekmplmpm yeb

bm wcmmj cekm al bm decapeki+ Wmm "^pekgm Dc`mp+"



opu oduw

Oduw ek bm fmkwp}dc gugcm ybmk cecm gmp|egdc f}g}w ew ~pao}gmo+

opu b}f~eki@aou p}`èki yeb gcabeki+ Wmm "lpadim+"

opu apidwf Fdcm gcefdr yeba} mhdg}cdeak+

ouwfmkappbmd ^dek ap oewgaflap o}peki ap `mlapm fmkwp}deak+

ouw~dpm}ked ^dekl}c |diekdc ekmpga}pwm lap yafmk bd fdu `m gd}wmo ù bapfakdc ef`dcdkgmw+ Faw cejmcu

a bd~~mk dlmp fmka~d}wm+

`dgj a a~

‗ M ‗

mdpcu mhdg}cdeakMhdg}cdeak bd bd~~mkw `mlapm d fdk ydkw e a+ Dcwa gdccmo –~pmfd}pm mhdg}cdeak+‖

mgcdf~wed D gakoeeak bd gdk bpmdmk bm celm al yafmk o}peki bm wmgako bdcl al ~pmikdkgu+ E gdk

ekgc}om beib `caao ~pmww}pm# lc}eo `}eco}~# dko aa f}gb ~pamek ek bm }pekm# ybegb gdk cmdo agak|}cweakw dko gafd+ Wuf~afw ekgc}om `c}ewb wjek# oexxekmww# fmkdc gakl}weak# ~dekw ek bm

wafdgb# ~pa`cmfw yeb mumweib# yegbeki f}wgcmw# dko |afeeki+ Mgcdf~wed gdk `m ~pm|mkmo

ù gdpml}c fakeapeki al `caao ~pmww}pm dko }pekm o}peki ~pmkddc gdpm+

mga~eg ~pmikdkguD celm&bpmdmkeki ~pmikdkgu bd om|mca~w a}weom bm }mp}w# almk ek d ldcca~edk }`m }`dc

~pmikdkgu%+

mii

_bm pm~pao}ge|m gmcc ek yafmk: bm cdpimw gmcc ek bm b}fdk àou+

Mewmkwtdot |+ @depo

_bm 4590 ]+W+ W}~pmfm Ga}p omgeweak bd ~pamgw bm peib al }kfdppemo ~ma~cm a }wm èpb

gakpac+

mhdg}cdeak _bm fafmk ybmk wmfmk w~}pw a} al bm a~mkeki al bm }pmbpd ek bm icdkw al bm ~mkew+ Wmm

"lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak+"





mhdg}cdapu ekm|edèceu _bm fafmk o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk ybmk d fdk gdkka wa~ bew mhdg}cdeak+ E agg}pw ybmk

bm ~pawdm `miekw a gakpdg dko ~}cwm a} wmfekdc lc}eo+ Dcwa gdccmo –~aek al ka pm}pk+‖

Bd|mcagj Mccew "42=5‗4575%

Mkicewb d}bap al Wt}oemw ek tbm ^wugbacaiu al Wmr 45>7‗02%+ ]kec 457=# Mccew―w Wt}oemw# ybegbdpi}mo bd mpaeg opmdfw# lapm~cdu# dko fdw}p`deak ympm kapfdc# ympm cmidccu d|decd`cm akcu a

fmoegdc ~palmwweakdcw+ Bm `mcem|mo bd èpb gakpac ydw bm jmu a wmr}dc ce`mpdeak+ Bm`mcem|mo wmr a `m kd}pdc dko iaao# dko dwjmo# –Ybu … wba}co ~ma~cm `m dlpdeo al pa}weki

~dwweakw# ybegb# dlmp dcc# dpm bm ipmd ope|eki lapgmw al b}fdk celm1‖ Mccew ydw dk ef~apdk

fmkap a Fdpidpm Wdkimp+

mfdkge~dmo fekapD fekap yba bdw cmidc d}akafu dko }w}dccu ce|mw ak bmp ap bew ayk yeba} lekdkgedc w}~~ap

lpaf ~dpmkw ap i}dpoedkw+

mf`pua _bm apidkewf bd om|mca~w lpaf bm ~pm&mf`pua dko `miekw a wbdpm bm yafdk―w `caao w}~~cu

dà} 4<‗42 oduw dlmp lmpecexdeak wm|mk a meib oduw dlmp ef~cdkdeak%+

mfmpimkgu gakpdgm~eak Bapfakdc èpb gakpac ~eccw }wmo a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu dlmp }k~pamgmo |diekdc ekmpga}pwm+

F}w `m wdpmo yebek 40> ba}pw le|m oduw% al ekmpga}pwm+ Dcwa gdccmo MG+ E]Ow gdk dcwa `m

}wmo dw MG# ekwmpmo yebek le|m oduw al }k~pamgmo ekmpga}pwm a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+

mfaeakdc ekgmw Pmcdeakwbe~ ek ybegb d ~dpmk pmdw bmp ap bew gbeco mfaeakdccu dw d w~a}wm+ _bm gbeco gafmw a

lmmc pmw~akwe`cm lap bm ~dpmk―w lmmcekiw+ Dcba}ib wmr}dc d`}wm fdu ka djm ~cdgm# bm gbeco#ybmk do}c# fdu ka `m d`cm a lapf wmr}dc pmcdeakwbe~w yeb abmp ~ma~cm+

mkoaidfuFdppueki yebek akm―w ayk g}c}pdc# mbkeg# jekwbe~# ap pmceiea}w ipa}~+

mkoafmpeawew _bm ipayb al mkoafmpedc eww}m a}weom al bm }mp}w# gd}weki ~dek# mw~mgedccu `mlapm dko

o}peki fmkwp}deak+

mkoafmpe}f

_bm cekeki al bm }mp}w bd om|mca~w m|mpu fakb ek apomp a ka}pewb d lmpecexmo mii+ _bm cekekiew wbmo o}peki fmkwp}deak el bmpm ew ka ef~cdkdeak al d lmpecexmo mii+

mkoap~bek D bapfakm bd w}~~pmwwmw ~dek+

Mka|eo _bm `pdko kdfm al bm lepw èpb gakpac ~ecc+



m~eoeoufew_bm }`m cmdoeki lpaf bm mwew a bm |dw omlmpmkw ek ybegb w~mpf dpm wapmo `mlapm mhdg}cdeak+

E ew eibcu gaecmo ak a~ al dko `mbeko bm mwew+ _bm ~c}pdc al m~eoeoufew ew m~eoeoufeomw+

m~eoeoufeew

Dk eklcdffdeak al bm m~eoeoufew+

m~eo}pdc Dk ekhmgeak al ~dek jeccmpw eka bm fmf`pdkm w}ppa}koeki bm w~ekdc gapo bd pmo}gmw ~dek

o}peki gbecoèpb+

m~eweaafuDk ekgeweak lpaf bm àaf al bm a~mkeki al bm |diekd bpa}ib bm ~mpekm}f a ldgecedm

gbecoèpb dko pmo}gm odfdim a |diekdc dko ~mpekmdc eww}m+

Mt}dc Peibw Dfmkofmk "MPD%

D ~pa~awmo dfmkofmk a bm ]+W+ Gakwe}eak do|dkgmo ù bm Kdeakdc Yafmk―w ^dpu ek4507# ybegb ya}co bd|m i}dpdkmmo bd –mt}dceu al peibw }komp bm cdy wbdcc ka `m omkemo ap

d`peoimo ù bm ]kemo Wdmw ap ù dku wdm ak dgga}k al wmr+‖ _bm MPD―w caki bewapu mkomo

ek 4595 ybmk e ldecmo a `m pdelemo ù d l}cc bpmm&t}dpmpw al bm wdmw+

MPD "Mt}dc Peibw Dfmkofmk%D ~pa~awmo dfmkofmk a bm ]+W+ Gakwe}eak do|dkgmo ù bm Kdeakdc Yafmk―w ^dpu ek

4507# ybegb ya}co bd|m i}dpdkmmo bd –mt}dceu al peibw }komp bm cdy wbdcc ka `m omkemo apd`peoimo ù bm ]kemo Wdmw ap ù dku wdm ak dgga}k al wmr+‖ _bm MPD―w caki bewapu mkomo

ek 4595 ybmk e ldecmo a `m pdelemo ù d l}cc bpmm&t}dpmpw al bm wdmw+

mpmgecm ouwl}kgeak_bm ekdèceu a `mgafm mpmg ap fdekdek dk mpmgeak yeb d ~dpkmp+

mpmgecm eww}m W~akiu eww}m ek bm àou bd wellmkw ybmk leccmo yeb `caao+ Wmm "|dwagakimweak+"

mpmgeakD –bdpo‖ ~mkew ybmk e―w `mgafmw l}cc al `caao dko wellmkw+ Wmm "|dwagakimweak+"

mpaimka}w xakm

Dku dpmd al bm àou bd ew wmkwee|m a wmkw}dc a}gb+

mpaeg Wmr}dccu dpa}weki+

mpaegd Wmr}dccu dpa}weki efdimpu bd ew ka gakweompmo ~apkaipd~beg# a`wgmkm# ap allmkwe|m a bm

d|mpdim ~mpwak+



mpaa~beced

D~~pmgedeak al bm mpaeg+

mpaa~baèdLmdp al bm mpaeg+

mwgap D |ac}kmmp yba bmc~w yafmk im wdlmcu eka d pm~pao}ge|m bmdcb gmkmp o}peki dke&gbaegm

omfakwpdeakw+ Dcwa# dkabmp yapo lap d wmr yapjmp+

mwpaimk D bapfakm gaffakcu fdom ek d yafdk―w a|dpemw+ Mwpaimk―w fdhap lmfekexeki mllmgw dpm wmmk

o}peki ~}`mpu# fmkwp}deak# dko ~pmikdkgu+

mwp}w _bm gugceg ~mpeao al lmpeceu dko wmr}dc pmgm~e|eu ek w}`&~pefdm lmfdcm dkefdcw |mpm`pdmw%+

mbkagmkpeg

_bm `mceml bd akm―w ayk ga}kpu# g}c}pm# ap mbkeg ipa}~ ew w}~mpeap a abmpw―+

m}imkegw D fa|mfmk a ef~pa|m bm –lekmww‖ al bm b}fdk pdgm ù gakpacceki yba wbdcc bd|m dko yba

wbdcc ka bd|m gbecopmk+ Wa&gdccmo –~awee|m m}imkegw‖ mkga}pdimo ga}~cmw yba ympm ba}ib a`m fapm le a bd|m fapm gbecopmk+ Wa&gdccmo –kmide|m m}imkegw‖ oewga}pdimo ga}~cmw yba ympm

ba}ib a `m cmww le lpaf bd|eki gbecopmk+

m}k}gb

D fdk ybawm mwegcmw# dko cmww almk# ~mkew# bd|m `mmk pmfa|mo+

m}paa~baèdLmdp al lmfdcm wmr apidkw+

mrgemfmk _bm àou―w ~buwegdc pmw~akwm a omwepm dko a wef}cdeak+ _bm wmgako wdim al bm wmr}dc

pmw~akwm gugcm+

mrbeèeakeww

Yafmk ap fmk yba mr~awm bmep wmr apidkw a abmp ~ma~cm yeba} bmep gakwmk# }w}dccu ek

~}`ceg ~cdgmw+

mraidfuFdppueki a}weom akm―w ayk g}c}pdc# mbkeg# jekwbe~# ap pmceiea}w ipa}~+

mrmpkdc wmr dko pm~pao}ge|m apidkw _bm wmr apidkw dko wp}g}pmw ak bm a}weom al bm àou bd dpm ~pefdpecu }wmo o}peki wmr}dc

dge|eu+ _bmwm ekgc}om bm |}c|d ek d yafdk dko bm ~mkew dko wgpa}f ek d fdk+



mrpdfdpedc wmrWmr}dc ekmpga}pwm ù d fdppemo ~mpwak yeb wafmakm abmp bdk bew ap bmp w~a}wm+

`dgj a a~

‗ L ‗

ldjm apidwf_bm ~pmmkwm al bd|eki pmdgbmo gcefdr ek apomp a mko wmr ~cdu ap ~cmdwm d ~dpkmp+

ldec}pm pdm_bm k}f`mp al yafmk yba `mgafm ~pmikdk mdgb umdp a} al m|mpu 4>> yba }wm d èpb gakpac

fmbao+

ldcca~edk }`mAkm al ya kdppay }`mw bd gdppu bm mii lpaf bm a|dpu a bm }mp}w+

ldcwm kmide|mD mw pmw}c bd ekgappmgcu ekoegdmw bd bm gakoeeak mwmo lap ew ka ~pmwmk+

ldcwm ~awee|mD mw pmw}c bd ekgappmgcu ekoegdmw bd bm gakoeeak mwmo lap ew ~pmwmk+

ldfecu ~cdkkeki\ac}kdpu ~cdkkeki dko dgeak ù ekoe|eo}dcw a bd|m bm k}f`mp al gbecopmk bmu ydk# ybmk

bmu ydk bmf+

LDFw "lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbaow% Yduw a ~pm|mk ap ~cdk ~pmikdkgu ù ~pmoegeki a|}cdeak `dwmo ak }kompwdkoeki d yafdk―wlmpeceu gugcm+ _bmwm dpm pm|mpwe`cm `mbd|eapdc fmbaow al èpb gakpac bd ekgc}om bm gdcmkodp

fmbao# bm gmp|egdc f}g}w fmbao# bm Wdkodpo Oduw fmbao# bm _ya&Oduw fmbao# dko bm

mf~mpd}pm fmbao+ Dcc `} bm Wdkodpo Oduw fmbao pmt}epm gdpml}c# ~palmwweakdc ekwp}geak+

LDW "lmdc dcgabac wukopafm%

D`kapfdceemw bd dllmg kmyàpk gbecopmk bd dpm gd}wmo ù dcgabac }wm ù yafmk o}peki~pmikdkgu+ _bmu ekgc}om odfdim a bm `pdek# bmdp# dko kmp|a}w wuwmf dw ymcc dw ~buwegdc

fdclapfdeak dko `mcay&kapfdc ET+

ldkdwu _bekjeki dà} dk mr~mpemkgm# almk wmr}dc dko!ap wmr}dccu dpa}weki+ Faw wmr}dc ldkdwemw dpm`peml+ Lap mrdf~cm# ym feib bekj lap d lmy wmgakow dà} wmmeki d fa|em wdp kdjmo+ Abmp





wmr}dc ldkdwemw dpm cakimp+ Lap mrdf~cm# ym fdu pmfmf`mp d wmr}dc mkga}kmp ym bd|m bdo

ybecm ym fdw}p`dm ap bd|m wmr ~cdu yeb abmpw+

lmgmw Waceo ydwm bd cmd|mw bm àou bpa}ib bm dk}w+

lmg}koeu_mgbkegdccu# bm ~buwegdc dèceu al d yafdk ap ga}~cm a bd|m d gbeco+ Almk }wmo dw d wukakuf

lap ‖lmpeceu+‖

lmompdc dàpeak `dk_bm lmompdc cdy ~dwwmo ek 0>>7 bd ya}co `dk dàpeak dw mdpcu dw 40 a 4= ymmjw ek ~pmikdkgu+_bm lmompdc `dk ekgc}omw ka mrgm~eak lap bm yafdk―w bmdcb dko lapgmw oagapw a wa~ }weki

~pagmo}pmw bmu `mcem|m dpm wdlmw dko `mw lap bmep ~demkw+

lmccdea

Apdc wmr ak d fdk+

lmfdcm_bm èacaiegdc wmr bd ~pa|eomw bm mii lap wmr}dc pm~pao}geak+

lmfdcm gepg}fgeweak _bm ~pdgegm al pmfa|eki d iepc―w gceapdc baao# gceapew# dko!ap cdèd: almk gdccmo lmfdcm imkedcf}ecdeak+ _bew ew ~pdgegmo ek wafm Dlpegdk# Kmdp Mdwmpk# dko Wa}bmdw Dwedk g}c}pmw+ Ek

wafm gdwmw# bm |}c|d ew wmyk aimbmp a ~pmwmp|m |epiekeu+ Wmm "ekle`}cdeak+"

lmfdcm gakoaf

D ~acu}pmbdkm ~a}gb yeb lcmre`cm pekiw d mdgb mko bd ew ekwmpmo omm~ eka bm |diekd cejm doed~bpdif+ E ew dk a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe`cm `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac bd ~pa|eomw

~pamgeak didekw fdku wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw+ Lapfmpcu gdccmo d |diekdc ~a}gb+ Fdu

dcwa `m }wmo lap dkdc ekmpga}pwm+

lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak _bm w~}peki al lc}eo a} al bm }pmbpd o}peki ekmkwm wmr}dc mrgemfmk ap apidwf+ _bm lc}eo ew

faw cejmcu wmgpmmo ù bm Wjmkm―w icdkow# ybegb dpm cagdmo ek bm |}c|d kmdp bm a~mkeki al bm}pmbpd+ Lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak fdu `m dwwagedmo yeb wef}cdeak al bm I&w~a dko agg}pw ek 4 a}

al 4> yafmk+

lmfdcm imkedc f}ecdeak "LIF% Wmm "lmfdcm gepg}fgeweak+"

lmfdcm ~pawdm icdkow _mpf }wmo ù wafm d}bapeemw a omwgpe`m bm Wjmkm―w icdkow ek d yafdk―w |}c|d# ybegb fdu

wmgpmm o}peki lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak d lc}eo wefecdp a bm lc}eo ~pao}gmo ù bm ~pawdm icdko ek

fmk+



lmfdcm&a&fdcm pdkwwmr}dc "L a F% "L0F% "L_F%D ~mpwak ybawm wmr dwweikfmk d èpb ydw lmfdcm `} ybawm imkomp eomkeu ew fdcm+ Dcwa gdk

pmlmp a bawm w}piegdccu dwweikmo lmfdcm d èpb# ek bm gdwm al ekmpwmr ~ma~cm# ybawm imkomp

eomkeu ew fdcm+ Almk# lmfdcm&a&fdcm pdkwwmr}dcw yecc wmmj bapfakdc dko!ap w}piegdc pmdfmk

ek apomp a ce|m w}ggmwwl}ccu dw fmk ek wagemu+

LmfGd~ ! gmp|egdc gd~ D wecegakm g}~ wbd~mo cejm d wdecap―w gd~ bd lew wmg}pmcu ek bm |diekd a ga|mp bm gmp|er+ ]wmoyeb gakpdgm~e|m hmccu# bm LmfGd~ ew d `dppemp fmbao al èpb gakpac bd ew pm|mpwe`cm dko

d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+

lmfekekm Gbdpdgmpewegw dko yduw al d~~mdpeki dko `mbd|eki bd d g}c}pm dwwagedmw yeb `meki d iepc ap

d yafdk+

lmfekewf

_bm `mceml bd yafmk dko fmk bd|m mt}dc mgakafeg# ~aceegdc# wmr}dc# dko wagedc peibw+ Dcwa#bm fa|mfmk a wmg}pm mt}dc peibw lap yafmk+

lmpeceu _bm dèceu al yafmk ap ga}~cmw a bd|m gbecopmk+ _mgbkegdccu# bm gbeco`mdpeki ~mplapfdkgm al

ekoe|eo}dcw# ga}~cmw# ipa}~w# ap ~a~}cdeakw# e+m+# bm k}f`mp al èpbw bmu bd|m+

lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbaow "LDFw%Yduw a ~pm|mk ap ~cdk ~pmikdkgu ù ~pmoegeki a|}cdeak `dwmo ak }kompwdkoeki d yafdk―w

lmpeceu gugcm+ _bmwm dpm pm|mpwe`cm `mbd|eapdc fmbaow al èpb gakpac bd ekgc}om bm gdcmkodp

fmbao# bm gmp|egdc f}g}w fmbao# bm Wdkodpo Oduw fmbao# bm _ya&Oduw fmbao# dko bm

mf~mpd}pm fmbao+ Dcc `} bm Wdkodpo Oduw fmbao pmt}epm gdpml}c# ~palmwweakdc ekwp}geak+

lmpeceu gugcmDcwa gdccmo bm fmkwp}dc gugcm+ _bm fakbcu pmg}ppmkgm al a|}cdeak# bm wbmooeki al bm cekeki

al bm }mp}w# dko bm àou―w ~pm~dpdeak lap dkabmp a|}cdeak+

lmpeceu pdm _bm k}f`mp al ce|m èpbw ~mp 4#>>> yafmk al pm~pao}ge|m dim 4=‗??%+

lmpecexdeak _bm haekeki al dk mii dko w~mpf bd lapfw bm xuiam+

lmdc dcgabac mllmgw D`kapfdceemw gd}wmo ù dcgabac o}peki ~pmikdkgu bd fdu ka `m dw wm|mpm dw bawm dwwagedmo

yeb lmdc dcgabac wukopafm+

lmdc dcgabac wukopafm "LDW% D`kapfdceemw bd dllmg kmyàpk gbecopmk bd dpm gd}wmo ù dcgabac }wm ù yafmk o}peki



~pmikdkgu+ _bmu ekgc}om odfdim a bm `pdek# bmdp# dko kmp|a}w wuwmf dw ymcc dw ~buwegdc

fdclapfdeak dko `mcay&kapfdc ET+

lm}w _bm apidkewf bd om|mca~w lpaf bm mf`pua d bm mko al dà} meib ymmjw al ~pmikdkgu 4>

ymmjw wekgm d yafdk―w cdw fmkwp}dc ~mpeao% dko pmgme|mw ka}pewbfmk bpa}ib bm ~cdgmkd+

LIF "lmfdcm imkedc f}ecdeak% Wmm "lmfdcm gepg}fgeweak+"

le`paeoD `mkeik }fap bd ipayw ak bm ydccw al bm }mp}w+

leomceu

Wpeg a`wmp|dkgm al ~pafewmw# mw~mgedccu al wmr}dc ldebl}ckmww+

lepw pefmwmp_bm lepw bpmm fakbw al ~pmikdkgu+

leweki_bm ekwmpeak al lekimpw ap bdko eka bm |diekd ap dk}w al d wmr ~dpkmp+

lcdwbekiMr~aweki akm―w `pmdww ap wmr apidkw dw d ~pdkj ap lap wmr}dc ipdelegdeak+ Wmm "mrbeèeakeww+"

lcepdeakGaffakcu }wmo a pmlmp a ~cdul}ccu pafdkeg imw}pmw `mymmk ~ma~cm yba dpm wmr}dccu

dpdgmo a mdgb abmp+ Ek wmracaiegdc mpfw# d le|m&wdim pe}dc ~ma~cm }wm a `miek ga}pwbe~+

4+ Akm ap àb ~ma~cm fdjm d ~buwegdc d~~padgb a im gcawmp a mdgb abmp+

0+ _bmu w~mdj a mdgb abmp+7+ _bmu wye|mc lpaf wba}comp&a&wba}comp ~aweeakw a ldgm&a&ldgm ~aweeakw+

?+ _bmu dccay d a}gb+

=+ _bmu `miek a feppap akm dkabmp―w àou fa|mfmkw+

laccegcmD gd|eu dko wdg ek bm a|dpu bd gakdekw d fd}peki mii+

laccegcm wef}cdeki bapfakm "LWB% Fdom ù bm ~e}edpu icdko# e wef}cdmw bm ipayb al bm mii ek yafmk dko bm om|mca~fmk

al w~mpf ek fmk+

lakoceki_a}gbeki d ~dpkmp a ie|m wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm+



Lapougm w~aw Wfdcc# wceibcu `}f~u umccayewb ap ybem ~d~}cmw ap w~aw ak bm ekweom al bm gbmmjw ap ce~w# ap

ak bm icdkw ap wbdl al bm ~mkew# ap bm cdèd al bm |}c|d+ _bmu dpm wm`dgma}w icdkow dko => a

4>> fdu d~~mdp ek akm dpmd+ _bmu dpm gaf~cmmcu bdpfcmww# dpm ka wmr}dccu pdkwfemo# dko dpm

ka eklmgea}w+

lapm~cdu ^buwegdc dko wmr}dc wef}cdeak# jewweki# p}`èki# wpajeki# dko a}gbeki bd almk bd~~mkw ekbm mrgemfmk wdim al wmr}dc pmw~akwm+ Lapm~cdu almk agg}pw `mlapm ekmpga}pwm# `} gdk cmdo a

apidwf yeba} ekmpga}pwm# ek ybegb gdwm e ew gdccmo a}mpga}pwm+

lapmwjek D pmpdgd`cm }`m al wjek bd ga|mpw dko ~pamgw bm icdkw bmdo% al bm ~mkew+

lapkegdeak A}odmo mpf lap wmr ~cdu `mymmk }kfdppemo ~ma~cm+

Fegbmc La}gd}c "450<‗452?%La}gd}c ydw d Lpmkgb ~becawa~bmp yba ypam bpmm |ac}fmw ak bm bewapu al wmr}dceu+ Bm

gbdccmkimo Lpm}o―w |emy bd yafmk dko fmk dpm wmr}dccu pm~pmwwmo ù bmep g}c}pmw+ Bmbmapexmo dà} bm pacm al ~aymp ek wmr}dc pmcdeakwbe~w+ Bm w}iimwmo bd ~aymp oamw ka

dcyduw gafm lpaf bm a~ oayk# `} lpaf bm àaf }~# dw ymcc+ Bm `mcem|mo bd ~ma~cm bd|m

wmr}dc ~aymp dw ekoe|eo}dcw# omw~em wmr}dc cdy ap g}c}pdc kapfw+ Dcba}ib bew eomdw ympm kadcyduw `dwmo ek wgemkeleg ap bewapegdc ldg# La}gd}c―w yapj mkd`cmo fdku ~ma~cm yba `mcakimo

a a~~pmwwmo wmr}dc fekapeemw a |emy bmfwmc|mw dw ~aympl}c ekoe|eo}dcw# gd~d`cm al pmweweki

oafekdk wmr}dc kapfw+

Lpmm Ca|m fa|mfmkD 45b&gmk}pu ipa}~ bd do|agdmo bm dàceeak al fdppedim dko bm mt}dceu dko wmr}dc

lpmmoaf al yafmk dko fmk+ Lpmm&ca|m do|agdmw `mcem|mo bd wmr}dc pmcdeakw wba}co `m `dwmo

ak ca|m# ka ak fdppedim+

lpmk}c}fEk yafmk# bm beibcu wmkwee|m eww}m ybmpm bm ekkmp cdèd haek `mcay bm icdkw al bm gceapew+ Ek

fmk# bm beibcu wmkwee|m# pedki}cdp ~emgm al wjek h}w `mcay bm icdkw al bm ~mkew+

Weif}ko Lpm}o "42=<‗4575%Eklc}mkedc ~wugbadkdcuw yba `mcem|mo bd ym f}w }kompwdko b}fdk wmr}dceu el ym dpm a

}kompwdko b}fdk kd}pm+ Bm }kompwaao bd gbecopmk bd|m wpaki wmr}dc lmmcekiw dko `mcem|mobd ym dpm dcc èwmr}dc+

lpeieoeu

A}odmo mpf lap d yafdk―w cdgj al wmr}dc omwepm ap dèceu a mr~mpemkgm apidwf+

lpadim@aou p}`èki yeba} gcabeki+ Dcwa gdccmo –opu b}f~eki+‖



LWB "laccegcm wef}cdeki bapfakm% Fdom ù bm ~e}edpu icdko# e wef}cdmw bm ipayb al bm mii ek yafmk dko bm om|mca~fmk

al w~mpf ek fmk+

L_F "L a F% "L0F% "lmfdcm&a&fdcm pdkwwmr}dc%

D ~mpwak ybawm wmr dwweikfmk d èpb ydw lmfdcm `} ybawm imkomp eomkeu ew fdcm+ Dcwa gdkpmlmp a bawm w}piegdccu dwweikmo lmfdcm d èpb# ek bm gdwm al ekmpwmr ~ma~cm# ybawm imkomp

eomkeu ew fdcm+ Almk# lmfdcm&a&fdcm pdkwwmr}dcw yecc wmmj bapfakdc dko!ap w}piegdc pmdfmk

ek apomp a ce|m w}ggmwwl}ccu dw fmk ek wagemu+

`dgj a a~

‗ I ‗

idfmm _bm pm~pao}ge|m gmcc ‟ mii ap w~mpf+

idfmm ekpdldcca~edk }`m pdkwlmp "IEL_%D fmbao al dcmpkde|m ekwmfekdeak ek ybegb dk mii ew djmk lpaf d yafdk―w a|dpu dko ~cdgmo

yeb wmfmk ek akm al bmp ldcca~edk }`mw+

idki `dkiWmr}dc ekmpga}pwm `mymmk akm ~mpwak# }w}dccu d yafdk# dko d wmpemw al abmpw# }w}dccu fmk# ek

pd~eo w}ggmwweak+

idki pd~m Wmr}dc dwwd}c gaffemo ù ya ap fapm ~ma~cm: dcwa jkayk dw lpdmpkeu ap ~dpu pd~m+

idu Bafawmr}dc# mw~mgedccu ek pmidpo a fmk+

idu `dwbeki ^buwegdc ap |mp`dc dwwd}cw ak ~ma~cm yba dpm ~mpgme|mo a `m cmwèdk# idu# èwmr}dc# ap

pdkwimkomp+

idu ce`mpdeak fa|mfmk

_bm kdeakdc gdcc a mwd`cewb ge|ec peibw lap cmwèdk# idu# èwmr}dc# dko pdkwimkomp yafmk dkofmk+

idu peibw _bm ~pekge~cm bd cmwèdk# idu# èwmr}dc# dko pdkwimkomp ~ma~cm dpm mt}dc a wpdeib ~ma~cm+

imkomp Akm―w èacaiegdc# wagedc# dko cmidc wd}w dw fdcm ap lmfdcm+





imkomp dwweikfmk _bm fmoegdc dko cmidc omwgpe~eak al akm―w wmr bd ew ie|mk d èpb+

imkomp gaklepfdeak w}pimpuEkmp|mkeakw ekmkomo a dcmp bm wmr apidkw dko!ap wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw a gaklapf a

akm―w imkomp eomkeu+ Dcwa gdccmo –wmr gbdkim a~mpdeak#‖ –wmr pmdwweikfmk w}pimpu#‖ dko–imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu+‖

imkomp g}mwGbdpdgmpewegw g}c}pdccu dwwagedmo yeb imkomp ap wmr# m+i+# àou fa|mfmk# àou wbd~m# ldgedc

bdep# imw}pm# ipaafeki# bdepwucm# fdjm}~# |agdc eklcmgeak# mg+

imkomp ouw~baped _bm gaklceg `mymmk akm―w wmr}dc dkdafu dko akm―w imkomp eomkeu+

imkomp eomkeu

_bm ekkmpfaw lmmcekiw dà} akm―w wmr lmfdcm ap fdcm%# akm―w imkomp# dko akm―w imkomp pacm+

imkomp eomkeu oewapomp "IEO%D fmoegdc oedikawew al weikelegdk oewgaflap yeb akm―w dwweikmo wmr# imkomp# dko imkomp pacm+

imkomp kapfde|mGaklapfeki yeb wagedc wdkodpow dà} ybd ew d~~pa~pedm lmfekekm dko fdwg}cekm `mbd|eap+

imkomp kapfw

Wagedc wdkodpow dà} ybd ew d~~pa~pedm lmfekekm dko fdwg}cekm `mbd|eap+

imkompt}mmp Ka lmfdcm ap fdcm# ek&`mymmk# ap abmp+

imkomp pacm Wagedc kapfw dà} `mbd|eki dw lmfdcm ap fdcm+ Ybd akm wduw ap oamw dw dk mr~pmwweak al akm―w

wmr dw lmfdcm# fdcm# ekmpwmr# ap imkompt}mmp+

imkomp wgpe~eki _bm wagedcexdeak ~pagmww ù ybegb akm ew gakoeeakmo a doa~ gmpdek de}omw# `mbd|eapw# dko

~pmlmpmkgmw gakweompmo d~~pa~pedm lap akm―w imkomp# mebmp lmfekekm ap fdwg}cekm+

imkomp wmpmau~mMrdiimpdmo mr~mgdeakw al bm ydu ~ma~cm al d gmpdek wmr wba}co `mbd|m+

imkompwpdeibWmm "imkomp kapfde|m+"

imkomp |dpedkKakgaklapfeu a imkomp kapfw+



imkmwWp}g}pmw ek bm gbpafawafmw al gmccw bd gdppu bmpmoedpu eklapfdeak+

imkedcwMrmpkdc wmr dko pm~pao}ge|m apidkw8 bm |}c|d ek yafmk# bm ~mkew dko wgpa}f ek fmk+

Wafmefmw# bm ekmpkdc pm~pao}ge|m apidkw dpm dcwa gdccmo imkedcw+

imkedc bmp~mwDk eklmgeak al bmp~mw wef~cmr |ep}w u~mw 4 ap 0 ek bm dpmd al bm dk}w# `}agjw# gmp|er# ~mkew#

|diekd# ap |}c|d+ \mpu almk bmpm dpm ka wuf~afw# ybecm bm faw gaffak wuf~af ew d

gc}wmp al `cewmpu wapmw+

imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu "IPW%Wafmefmw pmlmppmo a dw –imkedc pmdwweikfmk w}pimpu‖ –imkomp gaklepfdeak w}pimpu#‖ ap

–àaf‖ ap –caymp‖ w}pimpu+ Lap F_Lw# bew ew }w}dccu bm pmfa|dc al bm mwmw dko bm w}piegdcgpmdeak al d |diekd dko gceapew+ Lap L_Fw# bew ew }w}dccu bm gakwp}geak al d ~mkew lpaf bm

gcemk―w ayk eww}m+ Wgpadc ef~cdkw fdu ap fdu ka `m doomo o}peki bmwm ~pagmo}pmw+

imkedc ydpwWal# lcmwb&gacapmo ipaybw gd}wmo ù d wm|mpdc u~mw al bm b}fdk ~d~eccafd |ep}w+ _bmu fdu

caaj cejm feked}pm gd}celcaymp lcapmw dko dpm }w}dccu ~dekcmww# `} fdu egb+

imka~baèdLmdp al wmr ~cdu+

imwdeak_bm ~mpeao al d ~pmikdkgu+

imwdeakdc dim_bm efm ek d yafdk―w ~pmikdkgu fmdw}pmo lpaf bm wdp al bmp cdw fmkwp}dc ~mpeao+

IEO "imkomp eomkeu oewapomp%D fmoegdc oedikawew al weikelegdk oewgaflap yeb akm―w dwweikmo wmr# imkomp# dko imkomp pacm+

IEL_ "idfmm ekpdldcca~edk }`m pdkwlmp%D fmbao al dcmpkde|m ekwmfekdeak ek ybegb dk mii ew djmk lpaf d yafdk―w a|dpu dko ~cdgmo

yeb wmfmk ek akm al bmp ldcca~edk }`mw+

ieiacaD fdcm wmr yapjmp yba ~pa|eomw wagedc dko!ap wmr}dc gaf~dkeakwbe~ lap yafmk+

icdkw _bm wal# beibcu wmkwee|m e~ al bm gceapew ap ~mkew+ Ek fmk# bm a~mkeki a bm }pmbpd ew cagdmo

ek bm icdkw+ Dcwa gdccmo bm –bmdo‖ al bm ~mkew+



iacomk wbaympWcdki lap }pekdeki ak d ~dpkmp lap wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm+

iakdoapa~ekwBapfakmw wmgpmmo ù bm ~e}edpu icdko bd peiimpw ~}`mpu ù wef}cdeki bm a|dpemw al

yafmk dko bm mwmw al fmk+

iakdow

_bm apidkw bd ~pao}gm pm~pao}ge|m gmccw ‟ bm a|dpemw al yafmk# bm mwmw al fmk+

iakappbmd D wmr}dccu pdkwfemo `dgmpe}f bd gdk gd}wm wmpeceu# dpbpeew# dko bmdp ~pa`cmfw+

Wuc|mwmp Ipdbdf "495?‗42=4%Dfmpegdk do|agdm al wmr}dc d`wekmkgm# yba om|mca~mo d oem al gaco gmpmdcw dko –Ipdbdf‖

gpdgjmpw omweikmo a g}p` wmr}dc omwepm dko mpdoegdm fdw}p`deak+

Ipïlmk`}pi w~a "I w~a%Dk dpmd al eww}m# cagdmo dà} akm&bepo al bm ydu dcaki bm }~~mp ydcc al bm |diekd+

Wef}cdeak al bm I w~a cmdow a ekmkwm wmr}dc dpa}wdc dko apidwf ek wafm yafmk# dko ew dcwa

dwwagedmo yeb lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak+

IPW "imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu%Dcwa gdccmo –imkedc pmdwweikfmk w}pimpu‖ –imkomp gaklepfeki w}pimpu#‖ –wmr gbdkim

a~mpdeak#‖ ap –àaf‖ ap –caymp‖ w}pimpu+ Lap F_Lw# bew ew }w}dccu bm pmfa|dc al bm mwmw

dko bm w}piegdc gpmdeak al d |diekd dko gceapew+ Lap L_Fw# bew ew }w}dccu bm gakwp}geak al d

~mkew lpaf bm gcemk―w ayk eww}m+ Wgpadc ef~cdkw fdu ap fdu ka `m doomo o}peki bmwm

~pagmo}pmw+

I w~a "Ipdlmk`}pi w~a%Dk dpmd al eww}m# cagdmo dà} akm&bepo al bm ydu dcaki bm }~~mp ydcc al bm |diekd+Wef}cdeak al bm I&w~a cmdow a ekmkwm wmr}dc dpa}wdc dko apidwf ek wafm yafmk# dko ew dcwa

dwwagedmo yeb lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak+

i}egbmD fmdc peki dà} akm ekgb ek gepg}flmpmkgm bd ew ekwmpmo eka bm ~mpekm}f# `mymmk bm

|}c|d dko bm dk}w# ap `mymmk bm wgpa}f dko bm dk}w# lap ekgpmdwmo wmr}dc wef}cdeak o}peki

ekmpga}pwm+

iufka~baèd_bm lmdp al `meki wmmk kdjmo+

iukmgacaiu

Wmr}dc dko pm~pao}ge|m bmdcb gdpm lap yafmk+



iukmgacaiewD fmoegdc oagap yba w~mgedcexmw ek yafmk―w wmr}dc dko pm~pao}ge|m bmdcb+

iukmgafdwed D }w}dccu mf~apdpu gakoeeak o}peki ~}`mpu ek ybegb bm `pmdww al àuw `mgafm cdpimp dko

d~~mdp fapm lmfekekm+

iuka~baèd

Lmdp al yafmk+

`dgj a a~

‗ B ‗

bdko ha`Wcdki lap fdk}dccu wef}cdeki d ~dpkmp―w wmr apidk+

bdpmf _bm yafmk―w t}dpmpw al d F}wcef bafm+ Dcwa# d ipa}~ al yafmk wmr ~dpkmpw lap akm fdk+

B@\ "bm~deew @ |ep}w%Dk eklmgeak bd gdk `m wmr}dccu pdkwfemo dko fdu gd}wm wm|mpm ce|mp oewmdwm dko omdb+

bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eompD fmoegdc oagap# k}pwm# k}pwm ~pdgeeakmp# k}pwm&feoyelm# ap ~buwegedk dwwewdk+

bmd|u ~mekiLakoceki d ~dpkmp―w wmr apidkw ap `pmdww+

bmoakewf_bm yapwbe~ al ~cmdw}pm+

bm&fdkD fdk yba ew mrgm~eakdccu fdwg}cekm+

bm~deew @ |ep}w "B@\%

Dk eklmgeak bd gdk `m wmr}dccu pdkwfemo dko fdu gd}wm wm|mpm ce|mp oewmdwm dko omdb+

bmpfd~bpaoem D pdpm gakoeeak ek ybegb wafmakm ew àpk yeb àb lmfdcm dko fdcm wmr apidkw+ –Ekmpwmr‖ ew

kay bm ~pmlmppmo mpf+

bmp~mw Dk eklmgeak al bmp~mw wef~cmr |ep}w u~mw 4 ap 0 ek bm dpmd al bm dk}w# `}agjw# gmp|er# fa}b#





bapfakdc gakpdgm~e|mw ^pmwgpe~eak fmbaow al èpb gakpac bd }wm bapfakmw a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ _bmwm ekgc}om bm

ef~cdk# bm Fepmkd E]O# bm ~dgb# bm ~ecc# bm peki# dko bm wba+

bapfakmw

Gbmfegdcw bd gd}wm gbdkimw ek a}p àoemw dko eklc}mkgm bay icdkow dko apidkw yapj+

bapkuWcdki lap bd|eki wmr}dc omwepm ‟ ydkeki a bd|m wmr ‟ ap lap `meki wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

ba lcdwbmw ! ba lc}wbmw W}oomk ap ipdo}dc yd|mw al àou bmd bd cdw lpaf 7> wmgakow a le|m fek}mw+ Gaffak ek

~mpefmka~d}wm dko fmka~d}wm+

B^\ "b}fdk ~d~eccafd |ep}w% Dku al fapm bdk 4>> oellmpmk u~mw al eklmgeak# wafm al ybegb fdu gd}wm imkedc ydpw+

Abmpw fdu gd}wm gdkgmp al bm dk}w# gmp|er# ~mkew# bpad# ap |}c|d+

BW\ "bmp~mw wef~cmr |ep}w% Dk eklmgeak al bmp~mw wef~cmr |ep}w u~mw 4 ap 0 ek bm dpmd al bm dk}w# `}agjw# gmp|er# fa}b#

~mkew# |diekd# ap |}c|d+ \mpu almk bmpm dpm ka wuf~afw# ybecm bm faw gaffak wuf~af ew d

gc}wmp al `cewmpu wapmw+

B}fdkdm \etdm –Ak B}fdk Celm#‖ d oag}fmk ypemk ù â~m ^d}c \E ek 45<2 bd lap`dom bm }wm al

gakpdgm~eak+

b}fdk eff}kaomlegemkgu |ep}w "BE\% Dk eklmgeak bd ymdjmkw bm àou―w dèceu a leib oewmdwm dko gdk gd}wm DEOW+

b}fdk ~d~eccafd |ep}w "B^\% Dku al fapm bdk 4>> oellmpmk u~mw al eklmgeak# wafm al ybegb fdu gd}wm imkedc ydpw+

Abmpw fdu gd}wm gdkgmp al bm dk}w# gmp|er# ~mkew# bpad# ap |}c|d+

b}wcmpD fdcm wmr yapjmp# }w}dccu mf~caumo ù fmk+

Buom Dfmkofmk

D 4599 cmiewcde|m pmwpegeak# lepw w~akwapmo ù Pm~+ Bmkpu Buom P&EC%# bd lap`dom bm }wm al lmompdc l}kow a ~du lap dàpeak wmp|egmw+

buopagmcmDk dgg}f}cdeak al lc}eo ek d mwegcm+

bufmk

D bek lcmwbu eww}m bd wpmgbmw dgpaww ~dp al bm a~mkeki a bm |diekd+



bu~mplmfekekeu

_bm mrdiimpdeak al imkomp&wmpmau~mo `mbd|eap bd ew `mcem|mo a `m lmfekekm+

bu~mpfdwg}cekeu _bm mrdiimpdeak al imkomp&wmpmau~mo `mbd|eap bd ew `mcem|mo a `m fdwg}cekm+

bu~mp~beced Bd|eki wmr fapm almk bdk faw ~ma~cm+

bu~mpwmr}dcBd|eki fapm ceèoa wmr}dc omwepm% bdk faw ~ma~cm+

bu~adge|m wmr}dc omwepm _bm cdgj al wmr}dc omwepm+

bu~a~beced

Bd|eki wmr |mpu eklpmt}mkcu# ap ka d dcc+

bu~awmr}dcBd|eki cmww ceèoa wmr}dc omwepm% bdk faw ~ma~cm+

bu~abdcdf}w

D wfdcc dpmd ek bm `pdek bd gakpacw wmr}dc pmw~akwm dko abmp `dweg l}kgeakw+

buwmpmgafu_bm w}piegdc pmfa|dc al bm }mp}w+

buwmpedD fubegdc mfaeakdc oewapomp dwgpe`mo akcu a yafmk lap dà} 0#=>> umdpw+ Ek dkgemk Ipmmgm#

e ydw dwgpe`mo a ka `meki ~pmikdk almk mka}ib+ Ek Pafdk efmw# e ydw dwgpe`mo a ka

bd|eki mka}ib wmr+ Ek Fmoem|dc efmw# dko gacakedc efmw ek Kapb Dfmpegd# e ydw dwgpe`mo aka bd|eki mka}ib ap w}llegemk apidwfw+ Ek \egapedk efmw dko o}peki bm mdpcu 0> b gmk}pu# e

ydw dcwa dwgpe`mo a aa f}gb ekmccmg}dc wef}cdeak dko `mgdfm dk mrg}wm lap omkueki

mo}gdeak dko |aeki peibw a yafmk+ D bm `miekkeki al bm 0> b gmk}pu# ]+W+ oagapw

ek|mkmo bm |e`pdap a pmd buwmped+ _bmu `pa}ib yafmk a apidwf yeb |e`pdapw# ybegbya}co w}~~awmocu gdcf bmf oayk dko jmm~ bmf lpaf `mgafeki buwmpegdc+ Wmm "ydkompeki

}mp}w+"

buwmpawga~m D caki# bek aac bd cmw d bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp wmm ekweom d yafdk―w }mp}w+

buwmpawga~eg }`dc wmpecexdeak D kak&ekgeweak fmbao lap ~mpfdkmk èpb gakpac ek ybegb fegpaekwmpw dpm ~cdgmo ek bmldcca~edk }`mw# gd}weki wgdp eww}m a ipay dko `cagj bm }`mw+ _bm `pdko kdfm al bm

fegpaekwmpw ew –Mww}pm+‖



`dgj a a~

‗ E ‗

eoea~dbeg bu~aiakdoapa~eg bu~aiakdoewf "EBB% D pdpm wukopafm ek ybegb fdcm ekldkw dpm kapfdc d èpb dko bpa}iba} gbecobaao# `} oa ka

mr~mpemkgm bm w}pim al mwawmpakm kmgmwwdpu a mkmp ~}`mpu+ ]kcmww pmdmo yeb bapfakmw#bmep mwegcmw yecc ka fd}pm dko bmu yecc pmfdek eklmpecm+ E ew ba}ib bd Hdfmw @dppem# bm

d}bap al ^mtmp ^dk# fdu bd|m bdo EBB+

eccmieefdm Bd|eki }kfdppemo ~dpmkw+ A}odmo dko allmkwe|m+%

eff}km wuwmf

_bm àou―w kd}pdc ~pamgeak didekw eklmgeak dko oewmdwm+

Ef~cdkak _bm `pdko kdfm al d gakpdgm~e|m ef~cdk+ D bek# lcmre`cm ~cdweg ef~cdk dà} bm wexm al dgdpoàdpo fdgbwegj+ E ew ekwmpmo }komp bm wjek al bm }~~mp dpf+ E gakdekw dko gakwdkcu

pmcmdwmw d ~paimwek bd ~pm|mkw a|}cdeak dko lmpecexdeak+ Gdk `m }wmo lap }~ a bpmm umdpw a

~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ _bm ef~cdk ew d pm|mpwe`cm bapfakdc fmbao al èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu

ù ~pmwgpe~eak+

ef~cdk D bek# lcmre`cm ~cdweg ef~cdk dà} bm wexm al d gdpoàdpo fdgbwegj+ E ew ekwmpmo }komp bm

wjek al bm }~~mp dpf+ E gakdekw dko gakwdkcu pmcmdwmw d ~paimwek bd ~pm|mkw a|}cdeak dkolmpecexdeak+ Gdk `m }wmo lap }~ a bpmm umdpw a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ _bm ef~cdk ew d pm|mpwe`cm

bapfakdc fmbao al èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+ Ef~cdkak ew bm `pdko kdfm al

bm ef~cdk+

ef~cdkdeak _bm ddgbfmk al bm ~pm&mf`pua a bm cekeki al bm }mp}w# ybegb `miekw dà} wer oduw dlmp

lmpecexdeak dko ew gaf~cmm ek bpmm a la}p oduw+ _bm `miekkeki al ~pmikdkgu+

ef~amkgm

_bm ekdèceu a bd|m dk mpmgeak+ ‖Mpmgecm ouwl}kgeak‖ ew kay bm ~pmlmppmo mpf+

ekgmw Wmr}dc dge|eu `mymmk fmf`mpw al bm wdfm ldfecu+

ek&gcekeg dàpeak D mpfekdeak al ~pmikdkgu bd ew oakm yeb ekwp}fmkw ek d bmdcb gmkmp# oagap―w allegm# ap

baw~edc+ Ek bm lepw pefmwmp# w}geak dcakm ew almk }wmo+ Cdmp ek ~pmikdkgu# abmp ekwp}fmkw





ekbeèmo wmr}dc dpa}wdc _bm ekdèceu a `mgafm wmr}dccu dpa}wmo dko mkhau wmr ~cdu# omw~em akm―w wmr}dc omwepm+ Ek

yafmk# almk bm ekdèceu a c}`pegdm mka}ib lap wmr ~cdu+ Ek fmk# bm ekdèceu a bd|m ap jmm~

dk mpmgeak+

ekbeèmo wmr}dc omwepm _bm cdgj al wmr}dc omwepm+

ekbeèeak Lmmceki pmwpdek o}m a lmdp ap i}ec+

ekkmp ce~w _bm cdèd al bm |}c|d bd w}ppa}ko bm gceapew dko bm a~mkekiw a bm }pmbpd dko |diekd+ Dcwa

gdccmo "cdèd fekapd+"

ekwmfekdeak

^}eki w~mpf eka bm pm~pao}ge|m pdg al yafmk ap lmfdcm dkefdcw+

ekdg ~mkew D ~mkew yeb d lapmwjek# }kgepg}fgewmo+ Faw almk }wmo ù a~~akmkw al gepg}fgeweak a w}iimw

bd gepg}fgewmo fmk dpm ka –ekdg+‖

ekmpga}pwm Wmr ~cdu ek ybegb bm ~mkew ew ekwmpmo eka bm |diekd |diekdc ekmpga}pwm% ap bm dk}w dkdc

ekmpga}pwm%+

ekmplmfapdc ekmpga}pwm

Wmr ~cdu ek ybegb bm ~mkew ew fa|mo `mymmk bm ~dpkmp―w beibw+ Dcwa gdccmo "ekmpgp}pdcekmpga}pwm+"

ekmpfdppedim Fdppedim `mymmk ~ma~cm al oellmpmk pdgmw+

ekmpkdcexmo bafa~baèd _bm lmdp al bafawmr}dceu yebek akm―w wmcl+

ekmpkdc wmr dko pm~pao}ge|m apidkw _bm apidkw ekweom bm àou bd dpm pmw~akwe`cm lap ~pao}geki# fa|eki# dko ka}pewbeki b}fdk

pm~pao}ge|m gmccw+ Ekmpkdc pm~pao}ge|m apidkw bd dpm wmkwee|m ap pmw~ako a wmr}dcwef}cdeak dpm dcwa gdccmo wmr apidkw+

ekmpwmr _bm gakoeeak al `meki àpk yeb mrmpkdc wmr apidkw bd dpm ka mdwecu oeweki}ewbd`cm dw lmfdcmap fdcm+ Dcwa# cdmp ek celm# bm om|mca~fmk al wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw bd dpm ka mdwecu

oeweki}ewbd`cm dw lmfdcm ap fdcm+ Dà} akm ek 0#>>> ~ma~cm ew àpk yeb dk ekmpwmr gakoeeak

ek bm ]+W+ mdgb umdp+ Wafmefmw d lmfdcm ap fdcm imkomp ew dwweikmo bpa}ib w}pimpu+ ]~ a le|m



ekldk imkomp&dwweikfmk w}pimpemw agg}p m|mpu odu ek bm ]+W+ Wafm ~ma~cm `mcem|m w}pimpuwba}co `m ~aw~akmo }kec ekmpwmr ~ma~cm dpm aco mka}ib a omgeom lap bmfwmc|mw ybmbmp bmu

ya}co cejm bmep imkedcw a `m a~mpdmo ak+ Faw ~ma~cm dipmm bd `dèmw yeb ekmpwmr

gakoeeakw wba}co `m dwweikmo d imkomp d èpb+ Wafm ~ma~cm `mcem|m bd dwweikeki d imkompfmdkw ~mplapfeki w}pimpu ak bmep imkedcw# ybecm abmpw `mcem|m bd d `dù gdk `m dwweikmo d

imkomp yeba} w}pimpu+ ]wmo ek bm ~dw# bm mpf –bmpfd~bpaoem‖ ew kay gakweompmo allmkwe|m+Wafm ekmpwmr ~ma~cm dpm pdkwimkomp# `} ekmpwmr oamw ka kmgmwwdpecu fmdk pdkwimkomp# dko

|egm |mpwd+

ekefdm ~dpkmp |eacmkgm "E^\% Mfaeakdc# |mp`dc# ~buwegdc# ap wmr}dc d`}wm ek bm gakmr al dk ekefdm pmcdeakwbe~+ Dcwa

gdccmo "oafmweg |eacmkgm#" "~dpkmp d`}wm#" "pmcdeakwbe~ d`}wm#" "odeki |eacmkgm#" dko "fdpedc

dko odm pd~m+"

ekefdgu _bm gcawmkmww dko ldfecedpeu ym lmmc dw ym wbdpm a}p ~pe|dm dko ~mpwakdc wmc|mw yeb wafmakm

mcwm+

ekpd}mpekm om|egm "E]O% D wfdcc om|egm fdom al ~cdweg# ybegb fdu gakdek ga~~mp ap d kd}pdc bapfakm# bd ew ekwmpmo

eka bm }mp}w ù d bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ D pm|mpwe`cm fmbao al èpb

gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+

ekpd}mpekm wuwmf "E]W% D wfdcc ekpd}mpekm om|egm fdom al ~cdweg# ybegb gakdekw bm bapfakm ~paimwek# bd ew

ekwmpmo eka bm }mp}w ù d bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ D pm|mpwe`cm fmbao al

èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+ _bm `pdko kdfm al bm E]W ew Fepmkd+

ekpae}w _bm eww}m al bm ekkmp |}c|d bd lpdfmw bm a~mkeki a bm |diekd+

ek |epa lmpecexdeak "E\L% Dku fmbao al dwwewmo pm~pao}geak ek ybegb lmpecexdeak djmw ~cdgm a}weom bm àou+

E^\ "ekefdm ~dpkmp |eacmkgm% Mfaeakdc# |mp`dc# ~buwegdc# ap wmr}dc d`}wm ek bm gakmr al dk ekefdm pmcdeakwbe~+ Dcwa

gdccmo "oafmweg |eacmkgm#" "~dpkmp d`}wm#" "pmcdeakwbe~ d`}wm#" "odeki |eacmkgm#" dko "fdpedc

dko odm pd~m+"

E]O "ekpd}mpekm om|egm% D wfdcc om|egm fdom al ~cdweg# ybegb fdu gakdek ga~~mp ap d kd}pdc bapfakm# bd ew ekwmpmo

eka bm }mp}w ù d bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ D pm|mpwe`cm fmbao al èpb

gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+

E]W "ekpd}mpekm wuwmf% D wfdcc ekpd}mpekm om|egm fdom al ~cdweg# ybegb gakdekw bm bapfakm ~paimwek# bd ew



ekwmpmo eka bm }mp}w ù d bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ D pm|mpwe`cm fmbao al

èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+ _bm `pdko kdfm al bm E]W ew Fepmkd+

E\L "ek |epa lmpecexdeak% Dku fmbao al dwwewmo pm~pao}geak ek ybegb lmpecexdeak djmw ~cdgm a}weom bm àou+

`dgj a a~

‗ H ‗

hd}koegm

Umccayeki al mumw# wjek# dko f}g}w fmf`pdkmw o}m a oewmdwmw al bm ce|mp+

hmdca}wu

Dkremu dà} d ~dpkmp)w ca|m dko gaffefmk+

hagj egb D |mpu gaffak l}kidc wjek eklmgeak ek bm imkedc dpmd al fmk bd ew gd}wmo ù ymdpeki eib

gcabeki# wymdeki# ap ka opueki bm imkedcw gdpml}ccu dlmp `dbeki+ E gdk gd}wm d pmooewb# wgdcu

pdwb bd gdk `mgafm eklcdfmo# |mpu egbu# dko ~dekl}c+

Gbpewekm Hapimkwmk "4509‗4525% Lepw beibcu ~}`cegexmo fdcm a lmfdcm pdkwwmr}dc ek bm ]+W+ Hapimkwmk―w mrdf~cm cmo a yeomp

dggm~dkgm al pdkwimkomp dko pdkwwmr}dc yafmk dko fmk+

`dgj a a~

‗ J ‗

Jdfd W}pdDk dkgemk wmr fdk}dc lepw ~} eka ypeeki ek bm wmgako gmk}pu @GM+ Allmpw ekweibw eka bm

w~epe}dc dw~mgw al wmr}dceu dw ymcc dw mgbket}mw dko ~aweeakw lap ekgpmdwmo wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm+

_bm lepw Mkicewb pdkwcdeak ydw ~}`cewbmo ù Wep Pegbdpo @}pak ek 4227+

Jmimc mrmpgewmw_bm eibmkeki dko pmcmdweki al bm f}wgcmw bd wa~ }pekdeak ek apomp a ~pm|mk dko ef~pa|m}pekdpu ekgakekmkgm# ef~pa|m wmr}dc wmkwdeak ek yafmk dko fmk# dko deo pmga|mpu al |diekdc

f}wgcm akm dlmp gbecoèpb+ @mgd}wm bmu mrmpgewm ekmpkdc f}wgcmw# Jmimcw gdk `m oakm

dkuybmpm# dkuefm+

Habk Bdp|mu Jmccaii "42=0‗45?7%Ek|mkap al ipdkacd dko gapk lcdjmw a gaf~mm yeb bm Ipdbdf gpdgjmp dw d g}pm lap fapdc







omimkmpdgu dko wmr}dc ~dwweak+ Ek bew àaj# ^cdek Ldgtw# Jmccaii do|agdmo d |dpemu al mrpmfm~dpmkdc dko fmoegdc ekmp|mkeakw# ekgc}oeki pmfa|dc al bm gceapew# a ~} d wa~ a

fdw}p`deak+

jekj ! jekju

Wcdki lap }kgaffak wmr}dc `mbd|eap+

Dclpmo Jekwmu "425?‗45=<%Faw eklc}mkedc Dfmpegdk wmr pmwmdpgbmp al bm 0>b gmk}pu+ Bew pmwmdpgb ydw }ket}m dko

ipa}ko`pmdjeki+ Ek mrmkwe|m ce|m ekmp|emyw# bm dko bew mdf al pmwmdpgbmpw aaj ba}wdkow al

gdwm bewapemw dà} bm wmr ce|mw al yafmk dko fmk+ Ka akm mcwm# `mlapm ap wekgm# bdwt}mweakmo w}gb d b}im wdf~cm al ~ma~cm wa bapa}ibcu dà} bmep wmr}dceu+ Dcba}ib bew

wdf~cm oeo ka ~pmgewmcu pmlcmg bm l}cc pdkim al oe|mpweu al bm Dfmpegdk ~ma~cm# bm dko bew

mdf ~pa|eomo }w yeb ef~apdk odd lpaf ybegb ym bd|m cmdpkmo d ipmd omdc+

Jekwmu wgdcm

Dclpmo Jekwmu dko bew dwwagedmw omweikmo d wgdcm ek bm cdm 45?>w dko mdpcu 45=>w aomfakwpdm bm pdkim al wmr}dc apemkdeak+ _bm wm|mk ~aekw ak bm wgdcm wbay bm pdkim al

wmr}dc apemkdeak bd ~ma~cm pm~apmo ek Jekwmu)w w}p|muw+ Jekwmu }wmo bm yapo bmmpawmr}dca omwgpe`m ~ma~cm yba omwepm wmr yeb ~ma~cm al bm abmp imkomp+ Bm }wmo bafawmr}dc a

omwgpe`m ~ma~cm yba omwepm wmr yeb ~ma~cm al bm wdfm imkomp+

_bm Jekwmu wgdcm gdmiapemw dpm

> ‟ mrgc}we|mcu bmmpawmr}dc

4 ‟ ~pmoafekdkcu bmmpawmr}dc# eklpmt}mkcu bafawmr}dc

0 ‟ ~pmoafekdkcu bmmpawmr}dc# `} fapm bdk eklpmt}mkcu bafawmr}dc

7 ‟ mt}dccu bmmpawmr}dc dko bafawmr}dc èwmr}dc%? ‟ ~pmoafekdkcu bafawmr}dc# `} fapm bdk eklpmt}mkcu bmmpawmr}dc

= ‟ ~pmoafekdkcu bafawmr}dc# eklpmt}mkcu bmmpawmr}dc

< ‟ mrgc}we|mcu bafawmr}dc

_aodu# fdku wmracaieww wmm bm Jekwmu wgdcm dw wef~ceweg+ _bmu w}iimw bd wmr}dc apemkdeakdko wmr}dc eomkeu dpm fapm gaf~cmr dko |dpemo+

Jcekmlmcmp―w wukopafmDk ekmpwmr gakoeeak ek ybegb bm mrmpkdc fdcm wmr apidkw dpm }kompwexmo o}m a dk ekoe|eo}dc

bd|eki akm U dko ya R gbpafawafmw+

JapaWagedc ~dkeg mr~mpemkgmo ù wafm fmk ek Dlpegd# Gbekd# dko Fdcduwed bd ew `dwmo ak bm `mceml

bd abmpw gdk }wm fdieg a gd}wm akm―w wmr apidkw a pmpdg eka bm àou dko oewd~~mdp+ _bmgd}wm fdu `m i}ec dwwagedmo yeb fdw}p`deak+ \egefw gdcc ak ldfecu dko lpemkow a bmc~

~pm|mk bm oewd~~mdpdkgm al bmep wmr apidkw+



@dpak Pegbdpo |ak Jpdll&Mèki Fapdcexeki ~eakmmp ek wmracaiu# mw~mgedccu ek bm w}ou al –om|edk‖ wmr}dc `mbd|eapw+ Ek bew

^wuga~dtbed Wmr}dcew# bm omwgpe`mo dko kdfmo wdoewf dko fdwagbewf+ Bm dcwa wbaymo bd bm

cdm&wdim wuf~afw al wu~becew ympm gd}wmo ù bm wu~becew apidkewf bd ddgjw bm gmkpdc

kmp|a}w wuwmf+

`dgj a a~

‗ C ‗

cdèd fdhapd_bm a}mp ce~w al bm |}c|d+

cdèd fekapd

_bm ekkmp ce~w al bm |}c|d+

cdàp_bm ~pagmww al gbecoèpb# lpaf gakpdgeakw al bm }mp}w dko oecdeak al bm gmp|er a omce|mpu al

bm ekldk dko mr~}cweak al bm ~cdgmkd+

cdgdeakdc dfmkappbmd fmbao "CDF%@pmdwlmmoeki dw èpb gakpac lap }~ a wer fakbw dlmp gbecoèpb+

cdga`dgecce@dgmped ~pmwmk ek bmdcbu |diekdw al yafmk+ _bmu bmc~ ~pm|mk |diekeew ù cefeeki bm ipayb

al gdkoeod# d umdw+

CDF "cdgdeakdc dfmkappbmd fmbao%@pmdwlmmoeki dw èpb gakpac lap }~ a wer fakbw dlmp gbecoèpb+

cd~dpawga~mD pao&cejm ekwp}fmk yeb d ceib dko |emyeki cmkw+ Almk }wmo lap }`dc wmpecexdeak ~pagmo}pmw+

cd~dpawga~uD |mpu gaffak fmbao al }`dc wmpecexdeak bd ek|ac|mw dk ekhmgeak al bdpfcmww idw a bmc~wmm bm pm~pao}ge|m apidkw dko d wfdcc ekgeweak kmdp bm kd|mc a dccay bm ~aweeakeki al d

cd~dpawga~m dko dk ekwp}fmk bd ew }wmo a `cagj bm ldcca~edk }`mw+

cd~dpaafuD fmbao al }`dc wmpecexdeak bd ek|ac|mw fdhap w}pimpu# pmt}epeki d ya& a le|m&ekgb

dòafekdc ekgeweak bpa}ib ybegb bm ldcca~edk }`mw dpm cagdmo dko `cagjmo+





CMM^_bm caa~ mcmgpaw}piegdc mrgeweak ~pagmo}pm# ybegb pmfa|mw d`kapfdc eww}m lpaf bm gmp|er ù

g}eki e dydu yeb d bek yepm caa~ bd gdppemw dk mcmgpeg g}ppmk+

cmwèdk

D bafawmr}dc yafdk+

cmwà~baèdLmdp al yafmk yba dpm cmwèdk+

cmwa~baèdLmdp al wpaki yafmk+

cm}jappbmdD ybem# umccay# ap ipmmkewb# wegju |diekdc oewgbdpim bd ew kapfdc o}peki doacmwgmkgm#

~pmikdkgu# dko abmp efmw ybmk d yafdk―w bapfakm cm|mcw dpm gbdkieki+

cm|akapimwpmcD wukbmeg ~paimwek wefecdp a bm bapfakm ~paimwmpakm# ybegb ew ~pao}gmo ù bm àou a

pmi}cdm bm fmkwp}dc gugcm+ ]wmo ek gmpdek èpb gakpac ~eccw# bm Fepmkd E]O# dko ^cdk @

mfmpimkgu gakpdgm~e|mw+

CI@_TCmwèdk# idu# èwmr}dc# pdkwimkomp# dko t}mweakeki+

CI\ "cuf~baipdk}cafd |mkmpm}f%D lapf al gbcdfuoed# faw gaffak ek pa~egdc pmieakw+ Ekgpmdwekicu la}ko ek bm ]+W+

ceèoa_bm wmr ope|m+

cefèg wuwmf_bm dpmd al bm `pdek bd gakpacw dkimp# lmdp# a|}cdeak# ~cmdw}pm# pdim# dko wmr}dc dpa}wdc+

cefmpmkgmD ~aympl}c dko gakwdkcu oewpdgeki dko a`wmwwe|m ekld}deak: ca|mwegjkmww+

cekidf

Beko} kdfm lap bm ~mkew+ Beko}w yapwbe~ wd}mw al bm cekidf fdom al yaao# fmdc# ap wakm+Fmk ymdp wufàcw al bm cekidf dw wmr}dc df}cmw a ~pafam wmr}dc ~amkgu+

ca`mwIpa}~w al dc|mace wdgw ek yafmk―w `pmdww+

caki&mpf pmapidkexdeak ~bdwm_bm wmgako ~bdwm al pd~m pd}fd wukopafm# ek ybegb bm w}p|e|ap pemw a pmidek gakpac al celm+



ca|mD wpaki gdpeki lap wafmakm mcwm+ E gafmw ek fdku lapfw+ _bmpm gdk `m ca|m lap pafdkeg

~dpkmpw dko dcwa lap gcawm lpemkow# lap ~dpmkw dko gbecopmk# lap Iao# dko lap b}fdkjeko+

ca|mfd~

_bm `c}m~pek lap akm―w do}c wmr}dc d~~pmgedeakw dko ~pmlmpmkgmw bd om|mca~w ybecm akm ewipayeki }~+

cay èpb ymeibD gakoeeak al cmww bdk =+= ~a}kow ybmk àpk+ W}gb dk ekldk ew d pewj al `cmmoeki# `pmdbeki#

bmdp# dko abmp ~pa`cmfw+

c}`pegdkEk yafmk# bm wce~~mpu cet}eo bd ew wmgpmmo lpaf bm ydccw al bm |diekd dko bm @dpbacek―w

icdkow o}peki wmr}dc dpa}wdc ek apomp a ldgecedm |diekdc ekmpga}pwm+ Ek fmk# bm wce~~mpu cet}eowmgpmmo ù bm Gay~mp―w icdkow ek apomp a ldgecedm mhdg}cdeak dko faeceu al w~mpf+ Dcwa# dk

aec&`dwmo# ydmp&`dwmo# ap wecegakm&`dwmo ~pao}g }wmo a ekgpmdwm wce~~mpekmww o}peki dkdc ap|diekdc ekmpga}pwm ap abmp wmr ~cdu+

c}f~mgafu_bm pmfa|dc lpaf bm `pmdw al d fdceikdk ipayb bd bdw ka fmdwdwexmo w~pmdo a abmp

~dpw al bm àou%+

c}w_bm omwepm lap wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm+ Wafm leko bew yapo allmkwe|m+%

c}mekexeki bapfakm "CB%

Akm u~m al iakdodpa~ek# d bapfakm wmgpmmo ù bm ~e}edpu icdko+ _peiimpw a|}cdeak ekyafmk dko bm ~pao}geak al mwawmpakm ek fmk+

cuf~bagmcmD wfdcc wymcceki gd}wmo ù bm gaccmgeak al cuf~bdeg lc}eo+ Fdu agg}p ak bm ~mkew+

cuf~baipdk}cafd |mkmpm}f "CI\%D lapf al gbcdfuoed# faw gaffak ek pa~egdc pmieakw+ Ekgpmdwekicu la}ko ek bm ]+W+

`dgj a a~

‗ F ‗

fdgbewfa_bm fuwet}m al fdwg}cekeu ek Cdek Dfmpegdk g}c}pmw bd ew gmkmpmo ak fmk yba dpmdiipmwwe|m# ga}pdima}w# pewj&djeki# dko |epecm# dw ymcc dw gdw}dc dko oafekmmpeki ek bmep

pmcdeakwbe~w yeb yafmk+





Fdoakkd gaf~cmrD wmr}dc ekbeèeak ek ybegb fmk wm~dpdm wmr}dc omwepm lpaf ca|m+ _bmu dpm akcu d`cm a bd|m

wmr yeb yafmk bmu ~mpgme|m dw –ybapmw‖ ybecm `meki }kd`cm a bd|m wmr yeb yafmk bmu

ca|m dko ~mpgme|m dw –iaao#‖ m+i+# bmep ye|mw+

fdcm fmka~d}wmDkopa~d}wm# bm ipdo}dc omgcekm ek wmr}dc |eiap dw fmk dim# o}m a omgpmdweki cm|mcw al

mwawmpakm+ Wefecdp a fmka~d}wm ek yafmk+

fdcm&a&lmfdcm pdkwwmr}dc "F_L% "F0L%D ~mpwak ybawm wmr dwweikfmk d èpb ydw fdcm `} ybawm imkomp eomkeu ew lmfdcm+ Dcwa gdkpmlmp a bawm w}piegdccu dwweikmo fdcm d èpb# ek bm gdwm al ekmpwmr ~ma~cm# ybawm imkomp

eomkeu ew lmfdcm+ Almk# fdcm&a&lmfdcm pdkwwmr}dcw yecc wmmj bapfakdc dko!ap w}piegdc

pmdfmk ek apomp a ce|m w}ggmwwl}ccu dw yafmk ek wagemu+

fdffdpu icdkow

Apidkw ek d yafdk―w `pmdww bd ~pao}gm fecj+

fdffaipdfR&pdu ~baaipd~bw al bm `pmdww bd gdk ommg gdkgmpa}w }fapw `mlapm bmu gdk `m lmc+

fdk}dc wmr ~cdu^pa|eoeki wmr}dc wef}cdeak yeb akm―w bdkow+ F}}dc fdk}dc ~cmdw}pm ew almk dko ekgappmgcu

pmlmppmo a dw –f}}dc fdw}p`deak+‖

fdk}dc |dg}}f dw~epdeak "F\D%Dk ek&gcekeg# mdpcu dàpeak ~pagmo}pm ek ybegb bm }mp}w ew mf~emo yeb bm imkcm w}geak al d

bdko&bmco wupekim+

fdpedkewfa_bm `mceml ek Cdek Dfmpegdk g}c}pmw bd yafmk bd|m d w~mgedc dllekeu yeb bm \epiek Fdpu

bd fdjmw bmf fapm ~}pm dko |ep}a}w bdk fmk# dw ymcc dw fapdccu w}~mpeap+

fdpedc pd~mLapgmo wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm yebek fdppedim+

fdppedim_bm wagedccu dko cmidccu pmgaikexmo gmpmfaku dko }keak al d ga}~cm dw w~a}wmw+

fdwg}cekmGbdpdgmpewegw dko yduw al d~~mdpeki dko `mbd|eki bd d g}c}pm dwwagedmw yeb `meki d àu ap

d fdk+

fdwmgafu_bm pmfa|dc al d `pmdw+



Yeccedf Fdwmpw "454=‗0>>4% dko \epieked Habkwak "450=‗%Fdwmpw dko Habkwak dpm pmw~akwe`cm lap a}p }kompwdkoeki al bm b}fdk wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm+

_bmu }wmo feke&gdfmpdw dko abmp mcmgpakeg om|egmw a a`wmp|m ybd ydw iaeki ak ekweom dko

a}weom bm àou o}peki bm |dpea}w ~bdwmw al wmr}dc dpa}wdc+ _bmu kaegmo dko fmdw}pmol}kgeakw ek bm àoemw al yafmk dko fmk bd ka akm mcwm bdo `mmk d`cm a a`wmp|m+ _bmu lepw

om|mca~mo bm gakgm~ al wmr bmpd~u ù yapjeki yeb ga}~cmw a bmc~ bmf a|mpgafm wmr}dc~pa`cmfw# ekgc}oeki wmr}dc ouwl}kgeak+

fdweewDk eklcdffdeak al bm `pmdw+

fdw}p`deak_a}gbeki akm―w ayk àou dko wmr apidkw lap wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm+

fdmpkdc fapdceu_bm omdb al d yafdk o}peki ap wbapcu dlmp ~pmikdkgu+

Fddgbekm WagemuLa}komo ek 45=4# bm lepw mt}dc peibw apidkexdeak lap bafawmr}dc yafmk dko fmk+

fmoegdeak dàpeak ! fmoegdc dàpeak_bm }wm al d gafèkdeak al op}iw a mko dko mr~mc d ~pmikdkgu+ Dcwa gdccmo bm –dàpeak ~ecc+‖

Fmidk―w CdyLmompdc dko wdm cdyw bd pmt}epm ~acegm a kaelu geexmkw al bm ~pmwmkgm al gak|egmo wmr

allmkompw ek bmep gaff}keemw+

fåkdim î paew_bpmm ~ma~cm ek d wmr}dc mkga}kmp ap pmcdeakwbe~+

fmkdpgbm_bm efm al d iepc―w lepw fmkwp}deak+

fmka~d}wm_bm efm d –feocelm‖ ybmk fmkwp}deak wa~w: d yafdk―w cdw ~mpeao: }w}dccu agg}pw `mymmkbm dimw al ?= dko ==+ –W}piegdc‖ fmka~d}wm# baym|mp# pmw}cw lpaf pmfa|dc al bm a|dpemw# dko

fdu agg}p mdpcemp+

fmkappbdiedFmkwp}dc `cmmoeki bd ew bmd|emp ap cakimp cdweki bdk }w}dc+

fmkwmw_bm oewgbdpim o}peki fmkwp}deak+

fmkwp}dc g}~D cdmr ap wecegakm pmgm~dgcm bd lew a|mp bm gmp|er a gaccmg fmkwp}dc lcay+



fmkwp}dc gugcm_bm efm lpaf bm lepw odu al akm ~mpeao a bm lepw odu al bm kmr ~mpeao+ Ek yafmk al

pm~pao}ge|m dim# dà} 4=‗??# e ew bm ~mpeao ek ybegb bm cekeki al bm }mp}w ew wbmo ybmkm|mp

ef~cdkdeak oamw ka bd~~mk# laccaymo ù bm pm&ipayb al bm cekeki al bm }mp}w ek ~pm~dpdeak

lap ef~cdkdeak+

fmkwp}dc mrpdgeakDk mdpcu lapf al dàpeak ek ybegb imkcm w}geak ew }wmo a pmfa|m bm cekeki al bm }mp}w dko

~pm&mf`pua ap mf`pua yebek ya ap bpmm ymmjw al lmpecexdeak+ A}odmo+%

fmkwp}dc lcay@caao# lc}eo# dko eww}m bd dpm ~dwwmo a} al bm }mp}w o}peki bm `miekkeki al bm fmkwp}dc

gugcm+ Almk gdccmo d –~mpeao+‖

fmkwp}dc wukgbpakuYafmk bd|eki bmep ~mpeaow d bm wdfm efm `mgd}wm bmu ce|m gcawmcu aimbmp+

fmkwp}dc w}~~pmwweak_bm }wm al bapfakdc pmdfmkw ‟ }w}dccu èpb gakpac ~eccw ‟ a ~pm|mk bd|eki d ~mpeao+

fmkwp}deak_bm lcay al `caao# lc}eo# dko eww}m a} al bm }mp}w dko bpa}ib bm |diekd bd }w}dccu cdww

lpaf 7 a 9 oduw+

fmpjekD yei lap bm imkedcw# }wmo lpaf bm 4<b a bm 42b gmk}pemw ù ~ma~cm yba bdo caw bmep ~}èg

bdep o}m a wfdcc ~ar ap wgdpcm lm|mp+ Kay }wmo a omwgpe`m omgapde|m ~dgbmw yapk a|mp bm

imkedcw+

fmdwdwexm_a w~pmdo lpaf akm ~dp al bm àou a dkabmp# dw ek gdkgmp+

fmbao mllmge|mkmww_bm pmcedèceu al d gakpdgm~e|m fmbao ewmcl# ybmk dcyduw }wmo gakwewmkcu dko gappmgcu+

fmbapmrdmAkm al bm fmoegdeakw bd gdk `m }wmo yeb fewa~pawac lap fmoegdeak dàpeak+

fmaeoea~cdwuEk imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu# bm ~pagmww al lpmmeki }~ bm mkcdpimo gceapew lpaf gakkmge|m

eww}m a wmp|m dw d ~mkew bm gceapew ew u~egdccu mcakidmo dko gbdkimw wafmybd lpaf

mwawmpakm bmpd~u%+

fegpa~mkewFmk―w wmr apidkw wfdcc mka}ib a `m gakweompmo d`kapfdc+



feoyelmD ~mpwak pdekmo a dwwew d yafdk o}peki gbecoèpb+

felm~pewakm_bm faw gaffak fmoegdeak }wmo lap fmoegdeak dàpeak+ Gaffakcu jkayk dw –bm dàpeak

~ecc+‖ _bm `pdko kdfm ek bm ]+W ew Felm~pmr+

fej|mb_bm pe}dc ~}pelegdeak ~mplapfmo ù Hmyewb yafmk d ymmj dlmp fmkwp}deak ap gbecoèpb+

]w}dccu d `db al w~peki ap pdek ydmp+

fecj o}gw_bm ~dwwdimw ek yafmk―w `pmdww bpa}ib ybegb fecj lcayw lpaf bm dc|mace a bm ke~~cm+

feke&cd~dpaafuD |mpu gaffak fmbao al }`dc wmpecexdeak bd ek|ac|mw fdjeki d wfdcc ekgeweak ak bm caymp

dòafmk bpa}ib ybegb bm ldcca~edk }`mw gdk `m cagdmo dko `cagjmo+

feke&~eccw@epb gakpac ~eccw bd gakdek akcu bm bapfakm ~paimwek+ Fapm gappmgcu gdccmo –~paimwek&akcu

~eccw+‖

fewgdppedim_bm caww al d ~pmikdkgu `mlapm 0> ymmjw imwdeak ‟ `mlapm bm mf`pua ap lm}w gdk ce|m a}weom

bm }mp}w+ Dcwa gdccmo "w~akdkma}w dàpeak" ap "mdpcu ~pmikdkgu caww+" Akm a ya al m|mpu 4>

~pmikdkgemw mko ek fewgdppedim# dko 2 a} al 4> bd~~mk ek bm lepw bpmm fakbw al ~pmikdkgu+

Gd}wmw ekgc}om d`kapfdc gbpafawafm# d`kapfdceemw ek bm }mp}w# gmpdek wm|mpm gbpakeg

ecckmwwmw# wm|mpm pd}fd# |mpu wmpea}w eklmgeakw+

fewgmimkdeakFdppedim ap wmr}dc pmcdeakw `mymmk ~ma~cm al oellmpmk pdgmw+ A}odmo dko allmkwe|m+%

fewaiukuMrpmfm lmdp dko bdpmo al yafmk+

fewa~pawacD fmoegdeak bd ew }wmo a pmd }cgmpw dko a gaf~cmm d fmoegdeak dàpeak bd bdw `mmk

eko}gmo yeb felm~pewakm# bm dàpeak ~ecc+ Dcba}ib cmww mllmge|m bdk felm~pewakm#

fewa~pawac ew }wmo dcakm lap dàpeak ek wafm ga}kpemw+

fewwmo dàpeakD jeko al fewgdppedim+ _bm ~pmikdkgu mkow# `} bm eww}m pmfdekw ek bm }mp}w+ ]w}dccu bm

eww}m m|mk}dccu gafmw a} al bm }mp}w ak ew ayk# `} pmdfmk ew wafmefmw kmmomo+

fewweakdpu ~aweeak_bm ~aweeak lap |diekdc ekmpga}pwm ek ybegb bm fdk cemw ak bm yafdk# ldgm&a&ldgm+ _d}ib a



kak&Gbpewedkw ù fewweakdpemw yba `mcem|mo bd dcc abmp ~aweeakw lap wmr ~cdu ympm wekl}c`mgd}wm bmu feib ~pa|eom fapm ~cmdw}pm bdk kmgmwwdpu lap ~pagpmdeak dko `mgd}wm fmk f}w

oew~cdu bmep oafekdkgm a|mp yafmk d dcc efmw# ekgc}oeki wmr ~cdu+

fettmcwgbfmpx

Dòafekdc ~dek dwwagedmo yeb a|}cdeak ek wafm yafmk+

facdp ~pmikdkgu_bm }kgaffak om|mca~fmk al ~cdgmkdc eww}m yeba} dk mf`pua ap lm}w+

facc}wg}f gakdieaw}fD |ep}w bd gdk `m wmr}dccu pdkwfemo# gd}weki wfdcc# ~ekjewb&ybem# ydru# pa}ko# ~acu~&cejm

ipaybw ek bm imkedc dpmd ap ak bm beibw+

faakekiMr~aweki akm―w `}agjw a abmp ~ma~cm+

fakaidfu D pmcdeakwbe~ ek ybegb àb ~ma~cm odm ap bd|m wmr akcu yeb akm dkabmp dko ka akm mcwm+

_bmpm dpm wm|mpdc jekow al fakaidfa}w pmcdeakwbe~w8

† mfaeakdc fakaidfu ‟ _bm pmcdeakwbe~ al ga}~cmw yba dipmm a bd|m wmr ~cdu yeb

abmp ~dpkmpw dw caki dw kmebmp om|mca~w dk mfaeakdc ddgbfmk lap dkabmp ~dpkmp+

† imkmeg fakaidfu ‟ _bm pmcdeakwbe~ al ga}~cmw yba dipmm a bd|m wmr ~cdu yeb abmp

~dpkmpw `} a akcu bd|m gbecopmk yeb akm dkabmp+

† wmr}dc fakaidfu ‟_bm pmcdeakwbe~ al ga}~cmw yba akcu bd|m wmr ~cdu yeb mdgb

abmp+

† wagedc fakaidfu ‟_bm pmcdeakwbe~ al ga}~cmw yba ce|m aimbmp yba dipmm a bd|m wmryeb abmp ~dpkmpw+

fakw |mkmpew_bm lcmwbu# pedki}cdp fa}ko dà|m bm |}c|d bd ew ga|mpmo yeb ~}èg bdep ek do}c yafmk+ E

g}wbeakw bm ~}èg àkm+

fapkeki dlmp ~eccw Mfmpimkgu bapfakdc gakpdgm~eak bd ew wdpmo yebek 40> ba}pw le|m oduw% al }k~pamgmo

|diekdc ekmpga}pwm a omgpmdwm bm pewj al }kekmkomo ~pmikdkgu+

fapkeki wegjkmwwKd}wmd dko |afeeki ybmk bmu dpm wuf~afw al ~pmikdkgu+

fapkeki yaaoWcdki lap bm mpmgeak fmk almk bd|m ybmk bmu ydjm }~+ Fmk bd|m wm|mpdc mpmgeakw d keib dw

~dp al bmep wcmm~ gugcm+ \mpu almk# ybmk bmu ydjm }~# bmu dpm wecc mpmg+ Dcwa gdccmo

–kag}pkdc ~mkecm }fmwgmkgm+‖



fap}cd_bm ~pm&mf`pua ybmk e ew gaf~awmo al 4<‗70 gmccw+

F_L "F0L% "fdcm&a&lmfdcm pdkwwmr}dc%D ~mpwak ybawm wmr dwweikfmk d èpb ydw fdcm `} ybawm imkomp eomkeu ew lmfdcm+ Dcwa gdk

pmlmp a bawm w}piegdccu dwweikmo fdcm d èpb# ek bm gdwm al ekmpwmr ~ma~cm# ybawm imkompeomkeu ew lmfdcm+ Almk# fdcm&a&lmfdcm pdkwwmr}dcw yecc wmmj bapfakdc dko!ap w}piegdc

pmdfmk ek apomp a ce|m w}ggmwwl}ccu dw yafmk ek wagemu+

f}g}w fmbao _bm gmp|egdc f}g}w fmbao# d lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao lap ~pmoegeki d yafdk―wlmpeceu ù a`wmp|eki gbdkimw ek bmp gmp|egdc f}g}w+ Gdk `m }wmo lap gakpdgm~eak ap lap

~cdkkeki d ~pmikdkgu+

Fóccmpedk o}gw_ya wp}g}pmw ek bm mf`pua bd om|mca~ eka bm lmfdcm pm~pao}ge|m pdg+

f}ce~dpa}wBd|eki ie|mk èpb fapm bdk akgm+

f}ce~cm fdpjmp wgpmmkekiD ~pmkddc `caao mw d dpa}ko 4< ymmjw al ~pmikdkgu a ommg Oayk wukopafm# `pdek dko

w~ekm omlmgw# dko abmp omlmgw+ L}pbmp mww yecc `m allmpmo el bew `caao mw pm|mdcw dk

ekgpmdwmo pewj al èpb omlmgw+% Dcwa gdccmo d –pe~cm mw‖ ap –t}dop}~cm mw+‖

f}ce~cm apidwfw_bm agg}ppmkgm al fapm bdk akm apidwf yebek d wbap efm+

F} )dD pdoeeak al wafm F}wcefw bd dccayw d fdk a ~du d yafdk a haek bef ek d mf~apdpu

fdppedim ek apomp a bd|m wmr+

f}}dc fdw}p`deakWmr ~cdu ek ybegb ya ap fapm ~ma~cm fdw}p`dm ek mdgb abmp―w ~pmwmkgm+

fubw ]kla}komo ap ldcwm wapemw ap eomdw+

`dgj a a~

‗ K ‗

kdpgewwewegBd|eki ka mf~dbu lap abmpw: ~pmagg}~emo yeb akmwmcl+





kd}pdc gbecoèpb]weki cecm ap ka fmoegdeak o}peki cdàp dko omce|mpu ybecm pmo}geki ~dek ù pmo}geki lmdp dko

mkweak# mrmpgeweki dko pdekeki dòafekdc dko }mpekm f}wgcmw `mlapmbdko# dko }weki pmcdrmo

`pmdbeki o}peki cdàp dko gbecoèpb+

kd}pdc ldfecu ~cdkkekiLmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbaow al gakpdgm~eak+ Ekdgg}pdmcu w}iimww bd abmp fmbaow

dpm –}kkd}pdc+‖%

kmgpa~becedD ~dpd~beced ek ybegb d ~mpwak kmmow bm ~pmwmkgm al d omdo àou ek apomp a `m wmr}dccudpa}wmo+

kmide|m pmw}cD mw lekoeki bd ekoegdmw bd bm gakoeeak mwmo lap ew ka ~pmwmk+

kmakddcPmidpoeki bm lepw la}p ymmjw al ekldkgu+

km}p}cdOm|mca~eki lpaf bm `cdwaguw# bm ~pm&mf`puakeg wdim al d ~pmikdkgu o}peki ybegb bm km}pdc

}`m om|mca~w# ybegb bmk fdpjw bm `miekkeki al bm mf`puakeg wdim al om|mca~fmk+

KI] "kak&iakagaggdc }pmbpeew%Dk eklcdffdeak al bm }pmbpd bd ew ka gd}wmo ù iakappbmd ‟ almk gd}wmo ù gbcdfuoed+

keodeak

Ef~cdkdeak# bm ddgbfmk al bm ~pm&mf`pua a bm cekeki al bm }mp}w# ybegb `miekw dà} weroduw dlmp lmpecexdeak dko ew gaf~cmm ek bpmm a la}p oduw+ _bm `miekkeki al ~pmikdkgu+

keib ga}peki@}koceki# d g}waf ek gacakedc Kapb Dfmpegd bd dccaymo dk }kfdppemo ua}ki yafdk dko fdka wcmm~ aimbmp# }w}dccu yeb d –`}koceki àdpo‖ p}kkeki bm cmkib al bm `mo `mymmk bmf# ap

yeb bm ua}ki yafdk mkgcawmo ek d –`}koceki `di‖ bd pmdgbmo }~ a bmp dpf~ew+

ke~~cm_bm odpj eww}m ek bm gmkmp al bm dpmacd al mdgb `pmdw ek yafmk dko fmk bd gdk wdko mpmg

ybmk wef}cdmo ù a}gb ap gaco+ Ek d yafdk―w `pmdw# bm ke~~cm fdu pmcmdwm fecj bd ew

~pao}gmo ù bm `pmdw+

kag}pkdc mfewweakD ym opmdf: wmr}dc dpa}wdc dko mhdg}cdeak ybecm wcmm~eki# ybegb faw almk agg}pw dfaki

ua}ki fmk o}peki doacmwgmkgm ap acomp fmk yba dpm wmr}dccu d`wekmk+

kag}pkdc apidwfD wmr}dc gcefdr o}peki wcmm~+



kag}pkdc ~mkecm }fmwgmkgm "K^_%W~akdkma}w mpmgeak o}peki wcmm~ bd agg}pw dfaki bmdcbu fmk lpaf èpb bpa}ib aco dim+

K^_ }w}dccu agg}pw dà} ya ap bpmm efmw d keib# cdweki lap d adc al ya ap bpmm ba}pw+

kak&iakagaggdc }pmbpeew "KI]%

Dk eklcdffdeak al bm }pmbpd bd ew ka gd}wmo ù iakappbmd ‟ almk gd}wmo ù gbcdfuoed+

kak&a~ ! kak&a~mpde|m_pdkwimkomp ~ma~cm yba bd|m ka bdo# dko fdu ka omwepm# imkomp pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu# dko

fdu ap fdu ka wmmj bapfakdc pmdfmk+ Gpaww&ce|eki ap abmp mr~pmwweakw al imkomp eomkeu

dpm w}llegemk lap fdku pdkwyafmk dko pdkwfmk yba lmmc ka kmmo lap w}piegdc pmgakwp}geak+

Kakarukac&5D gbmfegdc bd effaècexmw w~mpf bd ew }wmo ek faw w~mpfegeomw ek bm ]+W+

kak~dpa}w

Bd|eki km|mp ie|mk èpb+

kapimwpmcD jeko al ~paimwek }wmo ek wafm bapfakdc gakpdgm~e|mw+

kapfdc_u~egdc# gaklapfeki a dggm~mo wdkodpow+ @meki oellmpmk ew kapfdc+

kapfa~beced

Wmr}dc ~pmlmpmkgmw bd dpm gakweompmo gaffak ap –kapfdc‖ dggapoeki a wagedc kapfw+

Kap~cdkD gakpdgm~e|m wuwmf al wer wfdcc# wal gd~w}cmw gakdekeki bm bapfakm cm|akapimwpmc bd dpmekwmpmo }komp bm wjek al bm }~~mp dpf+ D pm|mpwe`cm fmbao al èpb gakpac bd ew ka cakimp

d|decd`cm ek bm ]+W+ Wmm "Ef~cdkak+"

K^_ "kag}pkdc ~mkecm }fmwgmkgm%W~akdkma}w mpmgeak o}peki wcmm~ bd agg}pw dfaki bmdcbu fmk lpaf èpb bpa}ib aco dim+

K^_ }w}dccu agg}pw dà} ya ap bpmm efmw d keib# cdweki lap d adc al ya ap bpmm ba}pw+

k}gbdc pdkwc}gmkgu mw ! k}gbdc laco mwD wgpmmk lap Oayk wukopafm dko abmp d`kapfdceemw }weki }cpdwa}ko a fmdw}pm bm laco al

wjek ak bm kmgj al d lm}w+

k}gcmdp ldfecuD ldfecu ybawm fmf`mpw dpm cefemo a ya imkmpdeakw8 ~dpmkw dko bmep gbecopmk+

k}oewf^pdgegm al `meki kdjmo wagedccu lap bmdcb pmdwakw+



k}cce~dpa}wBd|eki km|mp ie|mk èpb+

k}~edcPmidpoeki fdppedim+

k}pwm&feoyelmD pmiewmpmo k}pwm yba bdw w~mgedc pdekeki a dwwew yafmk o}peki gbecoèpb+

k}pwm ~pdgeeakmpD pmiewmpmo k}pwm yba bdw w~mgedc pdekeki a ~pa|eom ~pefdpu bmdcb gdpm# ekgc}oeki fdku

wmp|egmw ~mplapfmo ù oagapw+

K}|dPeki_bm `pdko kdfm al d peki bd gakdekw bapfakmw dko ew ekwmpmo ek bm |diekd a ~pm|mk

~pmikdkgu+ K}|dPeki ew d pm|mpwe`cm bapfakdc fmbao al èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù

~pmwgpe~eak+ Dcwa gdccmo –bm peki+‖

kuf~bafdkedDk mrgmwwe|m omwepm ù d yafdk a bd|m wmr |mpu lpmt}mkcu yeb fdku oellmpmk ~dpkmpw+

A}odmo dko allmkwe|m+%

`dgj a a~

‗ A ‗

a`wgmkeu

Wmr}dccu dpa}weki efdimpu bd ew gakweompmo wagedccu allmkwe|m+

a`wmpegedk D oagap yba ew mw~mgedccu pdekmo a ~pa|eom gdpm a yafmk o}peki ~pmikdkgu dko gbecoèpb+

Amoe~dc gaklceg _bm Lpm}oedk bmapu bd gbecopmk bd|m dk }kgakwgea}w wmr}dc ddgbfmk a bm ~dpmk al bm

abmp imkomp# gd}weki bmf a `m bawecm aydpo bm ~dpmk al bm wdfm imkomp+ Dcwa gdccmo

–Amoe~dc Gaf~cmr+‖

akdkewf Gaffakcu# `} ekgappmgcu# }wmo a pmlmp a fdw}p`deak+ Ek bm _apdb ap Aco _mwdfmk# Akdk~pdgegmo yebopdydc ybmk apompmo ù Iao a fdjm bew `pabmp―w yeoay ~pmikdk+ Iao wp}gj

Akdk oayk lap –w~ecceki bew wmmo ak bm ipa}ko‖ dko ka fdjeki bmp ~pmikdk+ Gbpewedk

bmacaiedkw bd|m }wmo bm wapu a gappaàpdm bmep gakomfkdeak al fdw}p`deak+





akm&keib wdko

Wcdki lap bd|eki wmr yeb ~ma~cm peib dlmp fmmeki bmf dko ka wmmeki bmf didek+

aagumDk effd}pm a|}f# mii+

aa~bapmgafu

W}piegdc pmfa|dc al dk a|dpu+

a~mk fdppedim ! a~mk pmcdeakwbe~_bm }keak al ya ~ma~cm yba dipmm bd bmu gdk bd|m abmp wmr ~dpkmpw+

apdc gakpdgm~e|m

_bm èpb gakpac ~ecc+

apdc bmp~mw

Dk eklmgeak al bm fa}b yeb bmp~mw wef~cmr |ep}w 4 ap bmp~mw wef~cmr |ep}w 0+

apdc wmr Wmr ~cdu ek|ac|eki bm fa}b dko wmr apidkw+

apgbeewEklcdffdeak al d mwegcm+

apgbemgafu_bm w}piegdc pmfa|dc al akm ap àb mwegcmw+ ]w}dccu ~mplapfmo a pmd gdkgmp ap lap imkedc

pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu+

apidwf _bm ~mdj al wmr}dc dpa}wdc ybmk dcc bm f}wgcmw bd ympm eibmkmo o}peki wmr}dc dpa}wdc pmcdr#

gd}weki d |mpu ~cmdw}pd`cm lmmceki bd fdu ek|ac|m bm ybacm àou+ _bm la}pb wdim al bm

wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm+

apidwfeg ouwl}kgeak_bm ekdèceu a pmdgb apidwf lpaf wmr ~cdu yeb ap yeba} d ~dpkmp+

apiuWmr ~cdu dfaki bpmm ap fapm ~ma~cm+

Apba M|pd_bm `pdko kdfm al d ~dgb bd gakdekw bapfakmw dko ew yapk ak bm wjek a ~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+ Apba M|pd ew d pm|mpwe`cm bapfakdc fmbao al èpb gakpac d|decd`cm akcu ù ~pmwgpe~eak+ Dcwa

gdccmo –bm ~dgb+‖

awma~apawew

_bekkeki al bm àkmw# ybegb fdjmw bmf fapm w}wgm~e`cm a lpdg}pm+



a}@meki a~mk dà} akm―w ayk wmr}dc apemkdeak# ekmpwmr# ap pdkwimkomp wd}w+

a}eki

Pm|mdceki wafmakm mcwm―w wmr}dc apemkdeak# ekmpwmr# ap pdkwimkomp wd}w+

a}mpga}pwm Wmr ~cdu bd oamw ka ekgc}om ekwmpeki bm ~mkew ek bm |diekd ap dk}w+

a}mp ce~w _bm cdèd bd w}ppa}ko bm ekkmp ce~w al bm |}c|d+ Dcwa gdccmo "cdèd fdhapd+"

a|dpedk guwD ipayb ak dk a|dpu# }w}dccu wfdcc# lc}eo&leccmo# dko ka gdkgmpa}w+ Fdu gd}wm dòafekdc ~dek

ap eppmi}cdp ~mpeaow+ Faw almk pmwac|mw ak ew ayk+

a|dpemw _bm ya apidkw bd wapm miiw ek d yafdk―w àou+ A|dpemw dcwa ~pao}gm bapfakmw# ekgc}oeki

mwpaimk# ~paimwmpakm# dko mwawmpakm+

a|mp&bm&ga}kmp D|decd`cm yeba} d ~pmwgpe~eak+

a|eo}gLdcca~edk }`m#akm al ya kdppay }`mw bd gdppu bm mii lpaf bm a|dpu a bm }mp}w+

a|}cdeak

_bm efm ybmk dk a|dpu pmcmdwmw dk mii+

a|}cdeak fmbao Gmp|egdc f}g}w fmbao# d lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao lap ~pmoegeki d yafdk―w lmpeceu ùa`wmp|eki gbdkimw ek bmp gmp|egdc f}g}w+ Gdk `m }wmo lap gakpdgm~eak ap lap ~cdkkeki d

~pmikdkgu+

`dgj a a~

‗ ^ ‗

~dekl}c ekmpga}pwm_bm ekdèceu a bd|m wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm yeba} mr~mpemkgeki ~dek+ Ek yafmk# fdu pmw}c lpaf

cdgj al c}`pegdeak# eklmgeak# dccmpiu# ap ~wugbacaiegdc lmdpw dà} ekmpga}pwm dko!ap |diekdc





~mkmpdeak+ Wmm dcwa "|diekewf}w#" dko "ouw~dpm}ked+" Ek fmk# fdu `m gd}wmo ù imkedc

omlapfeu ap w~ekdc gapo ekh}pu+

^d~ mw D ~pagmo}pm }wmo a mrdfekm bm gmccw al bm gmp|er ek apomp a ommg d`kapfdc# ~pmgdkgmpa}w# ap

gdkgmpa}w ipaybw+ E ew dcwa gdccmo d ^d~ wfmdp+

^dpdIdpo ! Ga~~mp _&72> DDk E]O bd gakdekw ga~~mp dko gdk `m cml ek ~cdgm lap }~ a 40 umdpw+

~dpd~beced D wmr ~pdgegm bd `mgafmw kmgmwwdpu lap wmr}dc dpa}wdc `} ew ka d~~pa|mo ù wagedc kapfw+

Wafm ~dpd~becedw dpm

† dw~bura~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a `m wpdkicmo }~ a bm ~aek al ~dwweki a} ek apomp

a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+ E ew |mpu odkimpa}w+ B}kopmow al ua}ki ~ma~cm# fawcu fmk# oem

al d}ampaeg dw~buredeak m|mpu umdp+† èdwa~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a wmr}dccu ddgj d kakgakwmkeki# w}p~pewmo# mppelemo#

dko wp}iiceki wpdkimp ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+ _bew ew d jeko al pd~m# `} faw

pd~mw dpm gaffemo ù fmk yeba} èdwa~beced+

† gap~apa~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow gakdg yeb lmgmw ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† mrbeèeakewf ‟ Wmr}dc dpa}wdc `mgafmw om~mkomk ak mr~aweki bm wmr apidkw a bawm

yba yecc `m w}p~pewmo+

† lmewbewf ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow bm ~pmwmkgm al gmpdek a`hmgw# w}`wdkgmw# ap ~dpw al bm

àou ek apomp a `m wmr}dc dpa}wmo+

† lpam}pewf ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a ~pmww ap p}` didekw dk }kjkayk ~mpwak ek d gpayomo~}`ceg ~cdgm ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† jcm~a~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a wmdc ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† fdwagbewf ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow wmr}dc pacm&~cdu ap ldkdwu bd ekgc}omw pmgme|eki

~}kewbfmk# oewge~cekm# ap b}fecedeak ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† kmgpa~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow bm ~pmwmkgm al d omdo àou ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu

dpa}wmo+

† ~moa~beced ‟ Dk do}c kmmow a bd|m wmr}dc gakdg ap ldkdwemw al wmr}dc gakdg yeb dgbeco ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† ~ega~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a |emy ~apkaipd~beg ~eg}pmw# fa|emw# ap |eomaw ‟ yeb

ap yeba} d ~dpkmp ‟ ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† wdoewf ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a ~dpege~dm ek wmr}dc pacm&~cdu ap bd|m d ldkdwu bd

ekgc}omw ie|eki ~}kewbfmk# oewge~cekm# ap b}fecedeak ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† pdkw|mwa~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a ymdp gcabeki# mw~mgedccu }kompymdp# dwwagedmoyeb bm abmp imkomp ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† }pa~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow gakdg yeb }pekm ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† |aum}pewf ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow a ydgb ~ma~cm imeki }kopmwwmo ap bd|eki wmr ~cdu dko

yba dpm }kdydpm bd bmu dpm `meki ydgbmo ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu dpa}wmo+

† xaa~beced ‟ D ~mpwak kmmow wmr}dc gakdg yeb dk dkefdc ek apomp a `m wmr}dccu

dpa}wmo+ Dcwa gdccmo "`mwedceu+"



~dpmkdc gakwmkD pmt}epmfmk bd akm ap àb ~dpmkw ie|m ~mpfewweak lap d fekap gbeco a pmgme|m fmoegdc

dmkeak ap a mkmp eka d cmidc gakpdg+ Fdku wdmw bd|m fdkodapu ~dpmkdc gakwmk cdyw

pmidpoeki dàpeak wmp|egmw lap fekapw+

~dpa}wBd|eki ie|mk èpb+

~dpbmkaimkmwew _bm om|mca~fmk al dk }klmpecexmo mii eka dk apidkewf+

~dp}peeakGbecoèpb+

~dwweki

W}ggmmoeki d `meki ~mpgme|mo dw bm imkomp yeb ybegb akm eomkelemw pmidpocmww al wmr

dwweikfmk d èpb+ Wafm pdkw~ma~cm a`hmg a bm mpf –~dwweki#‖ `mgd}wm e fdu w}iimw bdakm ew `meki djmk lap ybd akm ew ka+ –@meki pmdo dw d fdk‖ ap –`meki pmdo dw d yafdk‖ ew

~pmlmppmo+

~dwweakdm ca|m

âympl}ccu ekmkwm lmmcekiw al mpaeg ddgbfmk+

~mdpc kmgjcdgmWcdki lap mhdg}cdm w~eccmo aka d ~mpwak―w kmgj ap gbmw+

~mdpcu ~ekj ~d~}cmw ! ~mdpcu ~mkecm ~d~}cmw

_eku `}f~w bd peki bm moim al bm bmdo al bm ~mkew ek 4 a} al 7 fmk+ Lcmwb&gacapmo ap d cecmceibmp# bmu dpm wbd~mo cejm wfaab cecm oafmw+ Dcba}ib bmu fdu `m wmkwee|m a a}gb# bmu

dpm ka bdpfl}c dko dpm ka wmr}dccu pdkwfemo+ _bmu gdk `m pmfa|mo yeb cdwmp pmdfmk+

~moeg}cawew Dk eklmwdeak al ~}èg cegm8 ~moeg}c}w ~}èw+ Dcwa jkayk dw –gpd`w+‖

~mmp ~pmww}pmMllapw ù lpemkow ap gaccmdi}mw a }pim dk ekoe|eo}dc a `mbd|m ek d ydu bd ew dggm~d`cm a

bmf+

~mc|eg mrdf D ~buwegdc mrdfekdeak al bm |}c|d# |diekd# gmp|er# }mp}w# dko a|dpemw ‟ }w}dccu ekgc}omw

djeki gmp|egdc gmccw lap d ^d~ mw dko d fdk}dc mrdf al bm ekmpkdc ~mc|eg apidkw+

~mc|eg iepocm _bm àku dko f}wg}cdp wp}g}pm ekweom d yafdk―w àou bd w}~~apw bmp ekmpkdc wmr dko

pm~pao}ge|m apidkw+



~mc|eg eklcdffdapu oewmdwm "ÊO% Dk eklmgeak al d yafdk―w ekmpkdc pm~pao}ge|m wuwmf bd gdk cmdo a wmpeceu# mga~eg

~pmikdkgu# dko gbpakeg ~dek+ E ew almk gd}wmo ù wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw# w}gb dw

iakappbmd dko gbcdfuoed+

~mc|eg }`mpg}cawew D pdpm# gbpakeg `dgmpedc eklmgeak al d yafdk)w pm~pao}ge|m apidkw+ Gdk gd}wm eklmpeceu+

~mkew D fdk―w pm~pao}ge|m dko wmr apidk bd ew lapfmo al bpmm gac}fkw al w~akiu eww}m ‟ ya

gap~apd gd|mpkawd dko bm gap~}w w~akieaw}f+ _bm w~akiu eww}m leccw yeb `caao o}peki wmr}dcmrgemfmk# d ~pagmww jkayk dw mpmgeak+ ]pekm dko wmfekdc lc}eo ~dww bpa}ib bm ~mkew+

~mplmg }wm _bm mllmge|mkmww al d ~dpeg}cdp gakpdgm~e|m fmbao lap yafmk dko fmk yba dcyduw }wm e

gakwewmkcu dko gappmgcu+ Wmm "u~egdc }wm+"

~mplapfdkgm dkremu Lmdp al `meki }kd`cm a ~cmdwm d wmr ~dpkmp+

~mpefmka~d}wm

_bm ~mpeao al gbdkim cmdoeki a fmka~d}wm+

~mpekddcDpa}ko bm efm al gbecoèpb+

~mpekm}f

_bm dpmd `mymmk bm dk}w dko bm |}c|d ap wgpa}f+

~mpeao Fmkwp}deak+

~mpeaoeg d`wekmkgmKa bd|eki |diekdc ekmpga}pwm o}peki bm –}kwdlm oduw‖ al d yafdk―w lmpecm ~bdwm ek apomp a

~pm|mk ~pmikdkgu+

~mwwdpuD om|egm ekwmpmo eka bm |diekd a pmd d ~pacd~wmo }mp}w+ Aco u~mw al ~mwwdpemw ympm }wmo dw

`dppemp èpb gakpac fmbaow+

^mpe ^d~up}wYpemk ek Miu~edk bempaicu~bw kmdpcu ?#>>> umdpw dia# bm lepw omwgpe~eak al d gakpdgm~e|m8 d

~mwwdpu gaf~awmo al le`mp# bakmu# dko gpagaoecm o}ki+

~mekiA}mpga}pwm+



^mupakem―w oewmdwm

D pdpm gakoeeak bd ew gd}wmo ù le`pa}w ipaybw ekweom bm ~mkew+

~bdccegWbd~mo cejm d ~mkew+

~bdcca~baèdLmdp al bm ~mkew+

~bdcca~cdwuEk imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu# bm gakwp}geak al d ~mkew lpaf bm ~mpwak―w ayk imkedc

eww}m+

~bdpakeg gepg}fgeweakD opdweg lapf al gceapeomgafu ek ybegb bm cdèd dpm wmyk aimbmp a|mp bm a~mkekiw a bm

|diekd dko }pmbpd+

~bmpafakmw

Aoapw ie|mk all ù dkefdcw# ekgc}oeki b}fdkw# a dpdg abmpw wmr}dccu+

~befawewD gakoeeak ek ybegb bm lapmwjek al bm ~mkew ew aa eib a `m ~}ccmo `dgj+

~bakm wmrWmr}dccu dpa}weki mcm~bakm gak|mpwdeakw ek ybegb ~ma~cm ldkdwexm dà} bd|eki wmr yeb mdgb

abmp dko fdw}p`dm+

~buwegedk dwwewdk D bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp yba ew pdekmo a ~pa|eom `dweg fmoegdc wmp|egmw# }w}dccu }komp bm

w}~mp|eweak al d ~buwegedk+

~buwegdc lekmww D gakoeeak al iaao bmdcb bd pmw}cw lpaf bmdcbl}c laaow# mrmpgewm# dko pmi}cdp fmoegdc

gbmgj}~w+

ÊO "~mc|eg eklcdffdapu oewmdwm% Dk eklmgeak al d yafdk―w ekmpkdc pm~pao}ge|m wuwmf bd gdk cmdo a wmpeceu# mga~eg

~pmikdkgu# dko gbpakeg ~dek+ E ew almk gd}wmo ù wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw# w}gb dw

iakappbmd dko gbcdfuoed+

~ecc# bm D gaffak mr~pmwweak lap apdc bapfakdc gakpdgm~eak+

~ef~ _bm }w}dccu mr~caee|m fdkdimp al d wmr yapjmp+



~egbeki d mkWcdki lap bd|eki dk mpmgeak+ E gafmw lpaf bm ydu ~dkw ap `mo wbmmw caaj ybmk bm mpmg

~mkew# cejm d mk ~acm# ~}wbmw bmf }~ dko a}+

~e}edpu icdko

Cagdmo }komp bm `pdek# bm apidk bd ~pao}gmw bapfakmw bd pmi}cdm ipayb# pm~pao}geak#dko wmr}dc dge|eu+

~cdgmkd_bm apidk lapfmo ak bm ydcc al bm }mp}w ù bm om|mca~eki mf`pua bd ~pa|eomw aruimk dko

abmp ka}pewbfmk lpaf bm yafdk a bmp lm}w dko bpa}ib ybegb ydwm ~pao}gw dpm mcefekdmolpaf bm lm}w+

^cdk @ _bm `pdko kdfm lap apdc bapfakdc mfmpimkgu gakpdgm~eak8 bm –fapkeki dlmp ~ecc+"

~cdmd} _bm wdim al wmr}dc dpa}wdc ek ybegb d ~mpwak bdw `mmk wmr}dccu mrgemo dko fdu d~~padgb

apidwf+ _bm bepo wdim al bm wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm+

~cdakegKa wmr}dc+

^FW "~pmfmkwp}dc wukopafm%Mfaeakdc dko ~buwegdc wuf~afw bd d~~mdp d lmy oduw `mlapm dko o}peki fmkwp}deak#

ekgc}oeki om~pmwweak# ldei}m# lmmceki `cadmo# dko eppedèceu+

~aek al ka pm}pkMhdg}cdapu ekm|edèceu# bm fafmk o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk ybmk d fdk gdkka wa~ bew

mhdg}cdeak+ E agg}pw ybmk bm ~pawdm `miekw a gakpdg dko ~}cwm a} wmfekdc lc}eo+

~acudfapu_bm akiaeki wmr}dc dko mfaeakdc pmcdeakwbe~ dfaki bpmm ap fapm ~ma~cm+

~acudkopu_bm fdppedim al akm yafdk a fapm bdk akm fdk+

~acuguweg a|dpu wukopafm

\dpea}w wuf~afw bd pmw}c lpaf wfdcc `mkeik ipaybw ak bm a|dpemw# ekgc}oeki cdgj al fmkwp}deak# mrgmwwe|m àou bdep# dko eklmpeceu+

~acuidfu Bd|eki fapm bdk akm w~a}wm+

~acuiuku

_bm fdppedim al akm fdk a fapm bdk akm yafdk+



~acu~w

Wfdcc `mkeik ipaybw }fapw% bd dpm gaffak ek bm }mp}w dko ak bm gmp|er ap bpad+

~apkaipd~bu Mpaeg efdimpu ap cdki}dim bd ew gakweompmo ù dk d|mpdim ~mpwak a `m a`wgmkm dko allmkwe|m+

~awee|m pmw}cD mw lekoeki bd ekoegdmw bd bm gakoeeak mwmo lap ew ~pmwmk+

~aw&mr~aw}pm ~pa~bucdrewFmoegdeak ~pa|eomo effmoedmcu dlmp ~awwe`cm mr~aw}pm a d wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak#

ekgc}oeki BE\# ybegb ew ekmkomo a ~pm|mk eklmgeak+

~aw&a|}cdeak fmbaoD lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao al èpb gakpac }weki d`wekmkgm ap `dppemp fmbaow lpaf bm

`miekkeki al fmkwp}deak }kec bm fapkeki al bm la}pb odu dlmp ~pmoegmo a|}cdeak ‟ fapm

bdk bdcl al bm fmkwp}dc gugcm+

~aw~dp}f_bm lepw lmy ymmjw dlmp gbecoèpb+

~aw~dp}f om~pmwweakOm~pmwweak ek d yafdk laccayeki gbecoèpb+

~aw~dp}f ~wugbawewWm|mpm ~aw~dp}f om~pmwweak bd fdu ekgc}om yebopdydc lpaf pmdceu# omc}weakw#

bdcc}gekdeakw# dko# ek wafm gdwmw# f}pompa}w ddgjw ak bm kmyàpk+

~pm&g}fWcdki lap ~pm&mhdg}cdm# bm cet}eo bd aaxmw a} al bm ~mkew o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk `mlapm

mhdg}cdeak: ~pao}gmo ù bm Gay~mp―w icdkow+ Oamw ka gakdek w~mpf# `} fdu ~egj }~ w~mpf

pmfdekeki ek bm }pmbpd lpaf ~pm|ea}w mhdg}cdeakw+

~pm&mgcdf~wedDk d`kapfdc om|mca~fmk o}peki ~pmikdkgu bd ekgc}omw lc}eo `}eco}~# beib `caao ~pmww}pm#dko ~pamek om~awew ek bm }pekm al bm yafdk+ _bm gaf~cegdeakw fdu ekgc}om `pdek

bmfappbdim# mum odfdim# bmdp ~pa`cmfw# lmdc fdck}peeak# cay èpb ymeib# dko omdb+

~pm&mhdg}cdm _bm cet}eo bd aaxmw a} al bm ~mkew o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk `mlapm mhdg}cdeak: ~pao}gmo ù

bm Gay~mp―w icdkow+ Oamw ka gakdek w~mpf# `} fdu ~egj }~ w~mpf pmfdekeki ek bm }pmbpd

lpaf ~pm|ea}w mhdg}cdeakw+ Dcwa gdccmo –~pm&g}f+‖

~pm&mf`pua_bm apidkewf bd wdpw om|mca~eki d lmpecexdeak ybmk bm xuiam ew lapfmo ù bm haekeki al

dk mii dko d w~mpf+ E ddgbmw a bm cekeki al bm }mp}w dlmp dà} wm|mk oduw+ E gakek}mw a



om|mca~ }kec e lapfw dk mf`pua# 5 a 44 oduw cdmp+ ]~ a => ~mpgmk al dcc ~pm&mf`puaw ~dww a}

al d yafdk―w àou `mlapm d ~pmikdkgu ew mwd`cewbmo+

~pmikdkgu D gakoeeak ek ybegb d yafdk gdppemw d om|mca~eki allw~peki ek bmp }mp}w+ E `miekw yeb bm

ef~cdkdeak al bm ~pm&mf`pua dko ~paipmwwmw bpa}ib bm mf`puakeg dko lmdc wdimw }kec èpb#}kcmww e ew mkomo ù fewgdppedim ap dàpeak+ E cdww dà} kekm fakbw lpaf ef~cdkdeak a

èpb+ El gcekegdccu fmdw}pmo lpaf d yafdk―w cdw fmkwp}dc ~mpeao# e cdww 4> fakbw+

~pmfdpedc wmr Wmr ~cdu `mymmk ~ma~cm `mlapm fdppedim+

~pmfd}pm omce|mpu Mdpcu gbecoèpb+ Agg}pw lpaf bm 0>b ymmj a bm 79b ymmj al ~pmikdkgu+

~pmfd}pm mhdg}cdeak

Mhdg}cdeak agg}ppeki `mlapm d fdk ydkw e a agg}p ‟ almk `mlapm bew ~dpkmp pmdgbmw apidwf+

~pmfmkwp}dc wukopafm "^FW%Mfaeakdc dko ~buwegdc wuf~afw bd d~~mdp d lmy oduw `mlapm dko o}peki fmkwp}deak#

ekgc}oeki om~pmwweak# ldei}m# lmmceki `cadmo# dko eppedèceu+

~pmkddc |edfekF}ce|edfekw omweikmo a w}~~ap d bmdcbu ~pmikdkgu+

~pmk}~edc dipmmfmkD gakpdg fdom ù d ga}~cm `mlapm fdppedim bd w~mccw a} bm oe|eweak al ~pa~mpu ek gdwm al

oe|apgm+

~pm~}gm Lapmwjek+

~pm~}edc icdkow_bm apidkw bd wmgpmm d lc}eo bd gafèkmw yeb `dgmped dko àou aecw a lapf wfmifd+

Wm|mpdc dpm cagdmo }komp bm lapmwjek dko gceapdc baao+ Abmpw dpm cagdmo }komp bm gapakd al bm icdkw al bm ~mkew dko ak mebmp weom al bm lpmk}c}f+ Dcwa gdccmo _uwak―w icdkow+

~ped~ewf

D ~pacakimo dko ~dekl}c mpmgeak al bm ~mkew yeba} wmr}dc wef}cdeak bd ew gd}wmo ù aaf}gb `caao lcay eka bm gap~}w gd|mpkawd+

~pefdpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw@aou apidkw dko pm~pao}ge|m wp}g}pmw dko l}kgeakw# ybegb oellmp `mymmk yafmk dko fmk+_bm oellmpmkgmw ekgc}om bm mrmpkdc dko ekmpkdc wmr dko pm~pao}ge|m apidkw+ E dcwa ekgc}omw d

yafdk―w dèceu a ~pao}gm miiw dko d fdk―w dèceu a ~pao}gm w~mpf+



~pefdpu wu~becew_bm lepw wdim al eklmgeak o}peki ybegb dk a~mk wapm gdccmo d gbdkgpm om|mca~w+

~pefaimke}pm_bm pdoeeak ek ybegb bm mcomw# –cmieefdm#‖ w}p|e|eki wak ew bm akcu bmep al bew ldbmp+

^pekgm Dc`mp D fmdc peki# akm ekgb ek oedfmmp# }wmo a ~empgm bm icdkw al bm ~mkew lap ekgpmdwmo wef}cdeako}peki ekmpga}pwm+ Wdeo a `m yapk ù Dc`mp# gakwap al T}mmk \egaped al Mkicdko+ Wmm

"opmwweki peki+"

~pa&gbaegm _bm `mceml bd yafmk bd|m bm peib a fdjm bmep ayk omgeweakw dà} ybmbmp ap ybmk a bd|m

d gbeco+

~pagpmde|m wmr

Bd|eki |diekdc ekmpga}pwm lap bm ~}p~awm al bd|eki d gbeco+

^paimwdwmpDk E]O gakdekeki kd}pdc bapfakmw bd f}w `m pm~cdgmo m|mpu umdp+ Ka cakimp d|decd`cm ek

bm ]+W+%

~paimwmpakm D bapfakm ~pao}gmo ek bm a|dpemw al yafmk bd ew ef~apdk ek bm pmi}cdeak al ~}`mpu#

fmkwp}deak# dko ~pmikdkgu+

~paimwek

D wukbmeg ~paimwmpakm+

~pacd~wmo }mp}wD gakoeeak ek ybegb d yafdk―w }mp}w wdiw ap wce~w a} al ew kapfdc ~aweeak eka bm |diekd+

Gd}wmo ù ymdjmkmo ~mc|eg f}wgcmw+ Faw gaffak ek ~awfmka~d}wdc yafmk yba bd|m ie|mk

èpb+

~pafewg}a}w@meki gdw}dc dko ekoewgpefekdm dà} bd|eki wmr ~cdu yeb ~dpkmpw+ Almk gakweompmoallmkwe|m+% Dclpmo Jekwmu akgm wdeo bd ~pafewg}a}w ~ma~cm dpm bm akmw yba bd|m –fapm wmr

bdk ua} bekj bmu wba}co+‖

~pa~bucdgeg D om|egm ap pmdfmk }wmo a ~pm|mk eklmgeak: bm gakoaf+

~pawdicdkoekwBapfakmw bd dpm }wmo a eko}gm }mpekm gakpdgeakw lap gbecoèpb ap dàpeak+



~pawdm D icdko bm wexm al d iacl `dcc bd ew cagdmo `mcay bm `cdoomp ek fmk dko ~pao}gmw d lc}eo bd

bmc~w w~mpf fa|m+ \mpu wmkwee|m a bm a}gb ‟ –bm fdcm I&w~a+‖

~pawdeew

Dk mkcdpimfmk dko eklcdffdeak al bm ~pawdm icdko bd pmw}cw ek d o}cc ~mpwewmk ~dek ek bmcaymp `dgj# icdkw al bm ~mkew# wgpa}f# dko mwmw+ _bmpm fdu dcwa `m d bek f}g}w oewgbdpim

lpaf bm ~mkew# mw~mgedccu ek bm fapkeki+

~pawe}mD wmr yapjmp+ Almk gakweompmo allmkwe|m+%

~pawe}eak

_bm dg al ~pa|eoeki wmr lap ~du+

~wugbacaiu

_bm w}ou al bm feko dko ew ~pagmwwmw+

~wugbawagedcEk|ac|eki d gafèkdeak al ~wugbacaiegdc dko wagedc ldgapw+

~}`mpu

_bm efm `mymmk gbecobaao dko do}cbaao ybmk iepcw dko àuw fd}pm ~buwegdccu dko wmr}dccu‟ ybmk d iepc ew `mgafeki d yafdk dko d àu ew `mgafeki d fdk+ ^}`mpu ew fdpjmo ù

gbdkimw w}gb dw `pmdw om|mca~fmk dko fmkwp}deak ek iepcw dko ldgedc bdep ipayb dko

mhdg}cdeak ek àuw+

~}èg bdep Bdep bd ipayw dpa}ko bm wmr apidkw al yafmk dko fmk+ ^}èg bdep ew d wmgakodpu wmr

gbdpdgmpeweg bd d~~mdpw o}peki ~}`mpu+

~}èg cegm _eku ekwmgw bd gdk `m wmr}dccu pdkwfemo+ _bmu ce|m ek ~}èg bdep dko gd}wm ekmkwm egbeki ek

bm imkedcw ap dk}w+

~}~~u ca|mD `peml `} ekmkwm pafdkeg ekld}deak o}peki ~pm&doacmwgmkgm dko doacmwgmkgm+

~}podb_bm g}waf al wafm F}wcef wagememw dko bm gbaegm al wafm ekoe|eo}dc F}wcef yafmk a `m

l}ccu |mecmo ybmk ek ~}`ceg ek apomp a pmfdek }kwmmk ù dcc fmk mrgm~ gcawm pmcde|mw+

^}pedkwMdpcu Dfmpegdk ^pamwdk gacakeww yba mwd`cewbmo Mkicewb cdyw dko wagedc dko wmr}dc fapmw ek

bm kapbmdwmpk ]kemo Wdmw+ _ba}ib dg}dccu cmww wmr}dccu pmwpege|m bdk gaffakcu

`mcem|mo# bm ^}pedk ew kay bm wufàc al wmr}dc w}~~pmwweak+



`dgj a a~

‗ T ‗

t}mml _bm wa}ko fdom ybmk dep ew pmcmdwmo lpaf bm |diekd+ Dep ew almk ~}wbmo eka bm |diekd o}peki

|diekdc ekmpga}pwm ap ~mkmpdeak yeb df~akw# lekimpw# ap wmr auw+

t}mmpDk }f`pmccd mpf lap d |dpemu al }kgaffak wmr}dceemw# ekgc}oeki cmwèdkw# idu fmk# èwmr}dcw#

pdkwimkomp ~ma~cm# dko wafm ~ma~cm yeb ekmpwmr gakoeeakw+ T}mmp bdw `mmk }wmo dw d wc}p+Wafm fmf`mpw al wmr}dc fekapeemw wecc leko e allmkwe|m# `} wafm kay }wm e bmfwmc|mw dw d

mpf al ~peom+ _bmpmlapm# e ew `mw a leko a} el ~ma~cm omwgpe`m bmfwmc|mw dw t}mmp `mlapm

d~~cueki bd cd`mc a bmf+

t}egjmkeki

_bm efm ybmk d yafdk lepw kaegmw bm lm}w fa|eki ek bmp }mp}w+ A}odmo+%

`dgj a a~

‗ P ‗

pd~m

Gampgmo wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm+

pd~m pd}fd wukopafm _bm mfaeakdc dko ~buwegdc gakwmt}mkgmw mr~mpemkgmo dlmp `meki wmr}dccu dwwd}cmo+

pd~eo apidwfDk apidwf mr~mpemkgmo ù d yafdk `mlapm bmp ~dpkmp gcefdrmw# d ybegb efm wbm cawmw ekmpmw

ek wmr+

pmdceu&`dwmo wmr}dceu mo}gdeakDim&d~~pa~pedm# g}c}pdccu wmkwee|m wmr}dceu mo}gdeak ~paipdfw bd ekgc}om a~mk#

kakh}oifmkdc eklapfdeak dà} dcc dw~mgw al wmr}dceu: bmu mkga}pdim gpeegdc bekjeki# wmcl&dg}dcexdeak# dko `mbd|eapdc gbdkimw bpa}ib bm mf~aympfmk al baceweg jkaycmoim dà}

èpb gakpac# bm àou# imkomp pacm# pmcdeakwbe~w# wdlmp wmr# wmr# dko wa ak# ù `meki pmdceweg

dà} ~ma~cm―w ce|mw+ Dcwa gdccmo "gaf~pmbmkwe|m wmr mo}gdeak+"

pmdc celm mw "PC_%D ~mpeao al efm ek ybegb d pdkwwmr}dc ~mpwak gpaww&ce|mw `mlapm `miekkeki bm fmoegdc imkomp

pmdwweikfmk ~pagmww+ _bm PC_ ew pmt}epmo }komp bm Bdppu @mkhdfek Wdkodpow al Gdpm# `}







abmp wdkodpow al gdpm oa ka pmt}epm PC_w+ Ekoe|eo}dc fmkdc bmdcb dko fmoegdc ~palmwweakdcw

fdu }wm oewgpmeak ybmk ommpfekeki el dk PC_ ew kmgmwwdpu+

pmgpmdeakdc wmrWmr ~cdu yeb d ~dpkmp bd ew ka ~pagpmde|m dko bdw cefemo ekefdgu ap mfaeakdc

ek|ac|mfmk+

pmga|diekdc mrdf D ~buwegdc mrdfekdeak al bm pm~pao}ge|m apidkw dko bm eww}mw bd wm~dpdm bm |diekd dko

pmg}f+

pmg}f _bm caymw mko al bm ekmwekm `mlapm bm dk}w# ybmpm waceo ydwm lmgmw% ew wapmo+

pmlpdgapu ~mpeao _bm efm dlmp mhdg}cdeak o}peki ybegb d fdk ew ka d`cm a bd|m dk mpmgeak+

pm~pao}ge|m gmcc D }ket}m gmcc ‟ mii ek yafmk# w~mpf ek fmk ‟ bd gdk haek yeb ew a~~awem a fdjm

pm~pao}geak ~awwe`cm+

pm~pao}ge|m apidkw Ek yafmk8 bm ldcca~edk }`mw# a|dpemw# }mp}w# dko |diekd+ Ek fmk8 bm ~mkew# ~pawdm# dko mwmw+

pmwac}eak _bm ~mpeao dlmp apidwf ek ybegb bm àou pm}pkw a d kak&wef}cdmo wdm+ _bm cdw wdim ek bm

wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm+

pmdpomo mhdg}cdeak

D gaffakcu }wmo mpf lap d fdk―w ekdèceu a bd|m dk apidwf+

pmpaipdom mhdg}cdeak

D gakoeeak ek ybegb d fdk mhdg}cdmw lpaf bm ~pawdm eka bm `cdoomp+

Pb ldgap_bm ~pmwmkgm al gmpdek ~pamekw ak bm w}pldgm al pmo `caao gmccw+ E agg}pw ek faw ~ma~cm+^ma~cm yeb Pb ldgap dpm wdeo a `m –Pb ~awee|m#‖ dko ~ma~cm yeba} e dpm wdeo a `m –Pb

kmide|m+‖ El d lm}w bdw Pb ldgap dko bm yafdk oamw ka# bmp eff}km wuwmf yecc om|mca~

dkeàoemw bd yecc omwpau lmdc `caao# ybegb gdk bdpf bm lm}w ek dku l}}pm ~pmikdkgemw dkogd}wm omdb+

pbubf fmbao A}odmo kdfm lap ybd ew kay gdccmo bm gdcmkodp fmbao al lmpeceu dydpmkmww+

peib&a&celmDk mr~pmwweak bd dke&gbaegm ~ma~cm }wm a omwgpe`m `meki dke&gbaegm+ _bm mr~pmwweak bdw



cefemo fmdkeki `mgd}wm e oamw ka mkgaf~dww d yafdk―w peib a celm# akcu bd al bm mf`pua

ap lm}w wbm gdppemw+

Pam |+ Ydom

_bm 4597 ]+W+ W}~pmfm Ga}p omgeweak bd cmidcexmo dàpeak kdeakyeom+

pacm&~cdu Dgeki a} d ldkdwu yeb d ~dpkmp+

pafdkeg ca|m

Dk eomdcexmo ca|m pmcdeakwbe~ bd almk ew dw }kpmdceweg dw e ew ~dwweakdm+ Ek ga}pwbe~# pafdkgm

fdu bd|m mcmfmkw al lcdmpu# mrgemfmk# dko bm lmmceki al `meki –wym~ dydu#‖ dw ek d ldepu

dcm+

P]&?2<_bm cdàpdapu pmwmdpgb gaom k}f`mp bd ydw }wmo o}peki gcekegdc pedcw lap d fmoegdeak a

gd}wm dàpeak+ A}odmo dko ekdgg}pdm+ Gappmg mpf ew felm~pewakm+%

p}idm _bm lacow al eww}m ek bm ydccw al bm |diekd+

p} _bm ~mpeao al wmr}dc dpa}wdc ek fdku fdcm dkefdcw bd ew d pmw~akwm a mwp}w+

`dgj a a~

‗ W ‗

wdoafdwagbewf "W , F% _bm gakwmkw}dc }wm al oafekdeak dko!ap ~dek lap wmr}dc wef}cdeak ek wmr ~cdu+ _bm –wdoew‖ ewbm ~dpkmp yba oafekdmw dko eklcegw ~dek+ _bm –fdwagbew‖ ew bm ~dpkmp yba ew oafekdmo

dko pmgme|mw ~dek+

wdlmp wmr Yduw ek ybegb ~ma~cm pmo}gm bm pewj al imeki wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw# ekgc}oeki BE\+D fapm ~pmgewm mpf bdk –wdlm wmr#‖ `mgd}wm ka wmr ~cdu ew gaf~cmmcu wdlm lpaf bm pewj al

wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw+

wdlm yapo D ~pm|ea}wcu dipmmo }~ak w~ajmk weikdc bd fmdkw d ~dpkmp ew ka cakimp mkhaueki dk dge|eu

o}peki W , F ~cdu dko e f}w wa~+

W , F "wdoafdwagbewf% _bm gakwmkw}dc }wm al oafekdeak dko!ap ~dek lap wmr}dc wef}cdeak ek wmr ~cdu+ _bm –wdoew‖ ew





bm ~dpkmp yba oafekdmw dko eklcegw ~dek+ _bm –fdwagbew‖ ew bm ~dpkmp yba ew oafekdmo

dko pmgme|mw ~dek+

Fdpidpm Wdkimp "4227‗45<<%La}komp al ^cdkkmo ^dpmkbaao Lmompdeak al Dfmpegd# Fdpidpm Wdkimp `midk bmp gdpmmp dw d

k}pwm yba la}ib a cmidcexm èpb gakpac ek apomp a ~pm|mk yafmk lpaf pmcueki ak odkimpa}w#eccmidc# wmcl&eko}gmo dàpeakw+ Wdkimp mwd`cewbmo bm lepw èpb gakpac gcekeg ek bm ]+W+ ek 454<+

Ek 45?2# wbm bmc~mo la}ko bm Ekmpkdeakdc ^cdkkmo ^dpmkbaao Lmompdeak+ Ek bm 45=>w# Wdkimpopa|m bm pmwmdpgb dko om|mca~fmk al bm èpb gakpac ~ecc+ Akm al bm yapco―w cmdoeki wmr

mo}gdapw# Wdkimp gak|ekgmo ~ma~cm dpa}ko bm yapco bd bmu bmco bmwm la}p `dweg b}fdk

peibw8

† D yafdk bdw d peib a gakpac bmp àou+

† M|mpuakm wba}co `m d`cm a omgeom ybmk ap ybmbmp a bd|m d gbeco+

† M|mpu gbeco wba}co `m ydkmo dko ca|mo

† Yafmk dpm dw mkecmo dw fmk a wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm dko l}cleccfmk+

wdkedpu ~do Dk d`wap`mk –kd~jek‖ fdom al gaak ap wefecdp le`mpw bd ew yapk didekw bm |}c|d a d`wap`

fmkwp}dc lcay+

WDP "wmr}dc de}om pmdwwmwwfmk%Dk ekmkwe|m dko ekmpdge|m f}cefmoed yapjwba~ bd ecc}wpdmw bm l}cc pdkim al wmr}dc

`mbd|eapw dko ef~pa|mw ~mpwakdc dko ~palmwweakdc gaff}kegdeak dà} bmf+

wdupedwew_bm omwepm ù d fdk a bd|m wmr |mpu lpmt}mkcu dko yeb fdku oellmpmk ~dpkmpw+

wgdèmw _eku femw bd gdk `m wmr}dccu pdkwfemo+ _bmu `}ppay }komp bm wjek# gd}weki ekmkwm egbeki#}w}dccu d keib# dko wfdcc `}f~w ap pdwbmw bd d~~mdp ek oepu&caajeki# wfdcc g}pceki cekmw#

mw~mgedccu ak bm ~mkew# `mymmk bm lekimpw# ak `}agjw# `pmdww# ypeww# dko beibw# dko dpa}ko

bm kd|mc+

wga~a~baèdLmdp al `meki wmmk kdjmo+

wgpe~ bmapu

_bm eomd bd wmr}dc ~pmlmpmkgmw om|mca~ lpaf mdpcu gbecobaao mr~mpemkgmw ek akm―w g}c}pm#mw~mgedccu yeb akm―w ldfecu# ~dpmkw# ~mmpw# dko mdgbmpw al pmceieak+

wgpa}f D wdg al wjek# oe|eomo eka ya ~dpw# mkgcaweki bm mwmw# m~eoeoufeomw# dko ~dpw al bm |dwd

omlmpmked+



wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegwLmd}pmw al bm àou bd dpm gd}wmo ù bapfakmw# om|mca~ o}peki ~}`mpu# dko cdw bpa}ib do}c

celm+ Lap yafmk# bmwm ekgc}om `pmdw om|mca~fmk dko yeomkmo be~w+ Lap fmk# bmu ekgc}om

ldgedc bdep om|mca~fmk+ @ab imkompw om|mca~ ~}èg bdep dko }kompdpf bdep+

wmgakodpu wu~becew _bm wmgako wdim al bm eklmgeak# o}peki ybegb d pdwb dko lm|mp om|mca~+

wmgako pefmwmp _bm wmgako bpmm fakbw al ~pmikdkgu+

wmgpm |egmFdw}p`deak+ A}odmo wcdki+%

wmcl&d`}wmFdw}p`deak+ A}odmo wcdki+%

wmcl&mwmmf

Wmcl&pmw~mg: lmmceki yapbybecm+

wmcl&ca|m Fdw}p`deak+

wmcl&~cmdw}peki Fdw}p`deak+

wmcl&~acc}eak

Fdw}p`deak+ A}odmo wcdki+%

wmfmk Lc}eo gakdekeki w~mpf bd ew mhdg}cdmo o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk+ Wmfmk ew gaf~awmo al lc}eo

lpaf bm wmfekdc |mwegcmw# lc}eo lpaf bm ~pawdm# dko w~mpf lpaf bm mwmw+

wmfekdc lc}eo D lc}eo bd ka}pewbmw dko bmc~w w~mpf a fa|m+ Fdom ek bm wmfekdc |mwegcmw+

wmfekdc ~aac _bm baccay w~dgm bd a~mkw `mkmdb bm gmp|er o}peki bm ~cdmd} dko apidwf wdimw al bm

wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm ek apomp a dggm~ wmfmk+ Wmm "mkeki+"

wmfekdc |mwegcm Akm al ya wfdcc apidkw cagdmo `mkmdb bm `cdoomp dko gakkmgmo a bm }pmbpd bd ~pao}gm

wmfekdc lc}eo+



wmfekelmpa}w }`}cmw D kmyapj al eku }`}cmw ek bm mwmw bd gakwdkcu ~pao}gm w~mpf+ Wmfekelmpa}w }`}cmw dcwa

~pao}gm dkopaimkw# bm –fdcm‖ wmr bapfakmw+

wmkwdm lag}w

Gaff}kegdeki bpa}ib a}gb a ekgpmdwm wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm dko pmo}gm ~mplapfdkgm dkremu+

wm~eg dàpeak D w~akdkma}w ap eko}gmo dàpeak bd `mgafmw gaf~cegdmo ù eklmgeak+ ]w}dccu dwwagedmo

yeb eccmidc dko }kwdlm dàpeak# diipmwwe|m fmoegdc pmdfmk ew almk pmt}epmo a wd|m bm celm al

bm yafdk+

wmpedc fakaidfu D celmwucm ek ybegb d ~mpwak bdw akcu akm ~dpkmp d d efm# `} fapm bdk akm ek bm ga}pwm al d

celmefm+

wmpagak|mpweak _bm gbdkim ek akm―w wd}w pmidpoeki mw pmw}cw lap eklmgeak# lpaf `meki kmide|m a `mgafeki

~awee|m+

wmpa~awee|m

_mw pmw}cw bd wbay eklmgeak ew ~pmwmk+

wmr

D ~mpwak―w èacaiegdc eomkelegdeak dw lmfdcm# fdcm# ap ekmpwmr+ Dcwa# bm dg al wmr ~cdu+

wmr dooegeak

_bm gaf~}cwe|m wmdpgb lap bd|eki |mpu lpmt}mk wmr bd ekmplmpmw yeb dge|eemw al odecu celm#w}gb dw yapj# wgbaac# dko w~mkoeki efm yeb ldfecu dko lpemkow+

Wmr Dooegw Dkakufa}w D w}~~ap ipa}~ bd bmc~w fmf`mpw a|mpgafm gaf~}cwe|m wmr}dc `mbd|eap+ Wmm "wmr

dooegeak#" "wmr}dc gaf~}cweak#" dko "Wmr}dc Gaf~}cwe|mw Dkakufa}w+"

wmr dwweikfmk _bm omweikdeak al èacaiegdc wmr ‟ lmfdcm# fdcm# ap ekmpwmr ‟ }w}dccu fdom ù d ~buwegedk d

bm èpb al d gbeco+ _bm wmr pmgapomo ak ~mpwak―w èpb gmpelegdm+

wmr gmcc D pm~pao}ge|m gmcc+

wmr gbdkim a~mpdeak Ekmp|mkeakw ekmkomo a dcmp bm wmr apidkw a gaklapf a akm―w imkomp eomkeu+ Lap F_Lw# bewew }w}dccu bm pmfa|dc al bm mwmw dko bm w}piegdc gpmdeak al d |diekd dko gceapew+ Lap L_Fw#

bew ew }w}dccu bm gakwp}geak al d ~mkew lpaf bm gcemk―w ayk eww}m+ Wgpadc ef~cdkw fdu ap

fdu ka `m doomo o}peki bmwm ~pagmo}pmw+ Dcwa gdccmo –imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu+‖



wmr gbpafawafmw _bm gmcc wp}g}pmw gdppueki bmpmoedpu eklapfdeak bd oellmpmkedm lmfdcm lpaf fdcm ek b}fdkw

dko abmp fdffdcw+ Lmfdcmw bd|m d ~dep al R gbpafawafmw+ Fdcmw bd|m akm R gbpafawafm

dko akm U gbpafawafm+

wmr ope|m A}p kd}pdc }pim dko omwepm a bd|m wmr+ Dcwa gdccmo –ceèoa+‖

wmr lc}wb_bm mf~apdpu pmoomkeki ap odpjmkeki al bm wjek bd fdu bd~~mk lpaf wmr}dc dpa}wdc o}peki

bm ~cdmd} wdim al bm wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm+ E fdu agg}p ak bm dòafmk# `pmdww# ldgm# bdkow#dko wacmw al bm lmm+

wmrewf @edw didekw d gmpdek imkomp# mw~mgedccu didekw yafmk+

wmr&kmide|m @mcem|eki bd wmr dko wmr}dceu dpm omwp}ge|m lapgmw ek b}fdk celm+

wmracaiewAkm yba ew ~palmwweakdccu pdekmo ek bm lemco al b}fdk wmr}dceu+

wmracaiu _bm wgemkeleg w}ou al wmr dko wmr}dceu bpa}ib fdku oewge~cekmw ekgc}oeki# `} ka cefemo a#

dkbpa~acaiu# èacaiu# bewapu# cdy# fmoegekm# ~wugbacaiu# dko wageacaiu+

wmra~baèd

Lmdp al dkubeki a oa yeb wmr+

wmr apidkw^dpw al bm pm~pao}ge|m wuwmf bd dpm wmkwee|m a wmkw}dc a}gb+ Ek yafmk8 bm |}c|d ‟

mw~mgedccu bm gceapew ‟ dko bm |diekd+ Ek fmk8 bm ~mkew# ~pawdm# dko wgpa}f+

wmr ~cduDku |ac}kdpu wmr}dc dge|eu# yeb ap yeba} d ~dpkmp+

wmr&~awee|mDggm~eki wmr dko wmr}dceu dw gakwp}ge|m lapgmw ek b}fdk celm+

wmr pmdwweikfmk w}pimpu "WPW%Ekmp|mkeakw ekmkomo a dcmp bm wmr apidkw dko!ap wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw a gaklapf a

akm―w imkomp eomkeu+ Lap F_Lw# WPW }w}dccu ekgc}omw |dieka~cdwu dko!ap apgbemgafu+ @pmdw

d}ifmkdeak ! ef~cdkw fdu ap fdu ka `m ekgc}omo+ Lap L_Fw# wm|mpdc w}piegdc ~pagmo}pmw dpmek|ac|mo# ekgc}oeki gbmw pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu# buwmpmgafu ! aa~bapmgafu# dko oellmpmk

u~mw al imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu IPW%+ Fdku L_Fw }kompia gbmw w}pimpu# `} ka IPW+

Wafm bd|m gbmw w}pimpu dko d buwmpmgafu# `} ka IPW+ Wafm bd|m dcc bpmm ~pagmo}pmw



ybegb fdu ekgc}om fapm bdk bpmm w}pimpemw `mgd}wm IPW gdk almk ek|ac|m wm|mpdc w}piegdc~pagmo}pmw%+ @ab F_Lw dko L_Fw fdu `m }kd`cm a dllapo dku w}pimpu d dcc# um ce|m

w}ggmwwl}ccu dw yafmk ap fmk ek wagemu bpa}ib akiaeki bapfakm pmdfmk+ _bm pmt}epmfmkw

lap gbdkieki bm cmidc oag}fmkdeak al akm―w imkomp |dpu lpaf wdm a wdm# dko almk om~mkoak bm dfa}k dko u~m al w}pimpu ap bapfakm bmpd~u akm bdw bdo+ D lmy wdmw yecc ka dccay d

gbdkim ek cmidc oag}fmkdeak ka fdmp bay f}gb w}pimpu ap pmdfmk akm bdw bdo+

wmr pacm Wmm "imkomp pacm+"

wmr wmcmgeak _bm dmf~ a gakpac bm wmr al allw~peki+

wmr w}ppaidm _bm fmf`mp al d wmr bmpd~u mdf yba l}cleccw bm bmpd~ew―w w}iimwmo wmkwapu mrmpgewmw ùwmp|eki dw bm gcemk―w ~dpkmp# mdgbeki bm wagedc dko wmr}dc wjeccw bd dpm kmmomo+ _bm

Ekmpkdeakdc ^palmwweakdc W}ppaidmw Dwwagedeak pmi}cdmw bm ~palmwweakdc wdkodpow dko mbegwal ew wmr w}ppaidm fmf`mpw+

wmr bmpd~u _pmdfmk a pmwac|m d wmr}dc ~pa`cmf ap ouwl}kgeak# w}gb dw ~pmfd}pm mhdg}cdeak# ekdèceu a

bd|m apidwf# ap cay cm|mc al wmr}dc omwepm+

wmreki]weki d gmcc ~bakm a wmko d wmru mr fmwwdim ap efdim ‟ almk al akmwmcl+

wmr}dc d`}wm

Wmr}dc dge|eu bd ew bdpfl}c# mr~caede|m# ap ka gakwmkw}dc+

wmr}dc dooegeak _bm gakoeeak al kmmoeki a bd|m wmr wa lpmt}mkcu bd e ekmplmpmw yeb dge|eemw al odecu ce|eki#w}gb dw iaeki a yapj ap wgbaac ap l}clecceki abmp pmw~akweèceemw+ Wmm "Wmr Dooegw

Dkakufa}w#" "wmr}dc gaf~}cweak#" dko "Wmr}dc Gaf~}cwe|mw Dkakufa}w+"

wmr}dc dpa}wdc Mpaeg mrgemfmk+

wmr}dc dwwd}c

_bm }wm al lapgm ap gampgeak# ~buwegdc ap ~wugbacaiegdc# a fdjm d ~mpwak mkidim ek wmr}dcdge|eu+

wmr}dc de}om pmdwwmwwfmk "WDP% Dk ekmkwe|m dko ekmpdge|m f}cefmoed yapjwba~ bd ecc}wpdmw bm l}cc pdkim al wmr}dc

`mbd|eapw dko ef~pa|mw ~mpwakdc dko ~palmwweakdc gaff}kegdeak dà} bmf+



wmr}dc d|mpweak oewapompLmdp al wmr}dc gakdg+

wmr}dc gaf~}cweak Dk a`wmwweak yeb bd|eki |mpu lpmt}mk wmr# almk yeb fdku oellmpmk wmr ~dpkmpw+ Wmm "Wmr

Dooegw Dkakufa}w#" "wmr}dc dooegeak#" dko "Wmr}dc Gaf~}cwe|mw Dkakufa}w+"

Wmr}dc Gaf~}cwe|mw Dkakufa}w D 40&wm~# wmcl&bmc~ pmga|mpu ipa}~ lap yafmk dko fmk yba ydk a gakpac bmep wmr}dc

dooegeakw+ Wmm "Wmr Dooegw Dkakufa}w#" "wmr}dc dooegeak#" "wmr}dc gaf~}cweak+"

wmr}dc gaklceg_bm gcdwb `mymmk wmr ope|m dko wmr}dc ekbeèeak+

wmr}dc omwepmD wpaki# ~buwegdccu dpa}weki dpdgeak: bm kmmo lap wmr}dc ekefdgu dko wmr ~cdu+

wmr}dc oewgaflapLmmcekiw al wmr}dc ekbeèeak bd dpm ka dw wm|mpm dw ouwl}kgeakw+

wmr}dc oewapompD ~wugbacaiegdc ap ~buwegdc ouwl}kgeak bd dllmgw lmpeceu ap wmr}dc dkdafu# `mbd|eap# ap

bmdcb+

wmr}dc ouwl}kgeakD ~wugbacaiegdc ap ~buwegdc oewapomp bd dllmgw lmpeceu ap wmr}dc dkdafu# `mbd|eap# ap bmdcb+

wmr}dc bdpdwwfmk]kydkmo wmr}dc do|dkgmw yeb w}iimwe|m imw}pmw# cdki}dim# ap a}gbeki+

wmr}dc bmdcb Mkhaueki mfaeakdc# ~buwegdc# dko wagedc ymcc&`meki ek pmidpo a akm―w wmr}dceu# ekgc}oeki lpmm

dko pmw~akwe`cm wmr}dc mr~pmwweak bd mkpegbmw akm―w ~mpwakdc dko wagedc celm dko l}cleccw akm―w

wmr}dc peibw+ Wmr}dc bmdcb ew ka akcu bm d`wmkgm al wmr}dc ouwl}kgeak ap oewmdwm+% Wmm

"Omgcdpdeak al Wmr}dc Peibw+"

wmr}dc eomkeuLmmcekiw dà} akm―w ayk wmr# imkomp# imkomp pacm# dko wmr}dc apemkdeak+

wmr}dc ekbeèeak_bm w}~~pmwweak al wmr}dc omwepm+

wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm]w}dccu# wmr ~cdu bd ekgc}omw ~mkmpdeak al bm |diekd yeb d ~mkew# `} dcwa omwgpe`mw ~mkecm

~mkmpdeak al bm dk}w+



wmr}dceuD ~mpwak―w imkomp# imkomp pacm# imkomp eomkeu# wmr}dc apemkdeak# wmr}dc ~pmlmpmkgm# dko bm

ydu bmu dllmg mfaeakdc# ~buwegdc# wagedc# dko w~epe}dc celm+ Wmr}dceu ew wbd~mo ù ldfecu dko

bm wagedc kapfw al bm gaff}keu+

wmr}dc ce`mpdeak_bm wbel al d wagemu lpaf pm~pmwwe|m# wmr&kmide|m wmr}dc de}omw a fapm dggm~eki dko wmr&

~awee|m wmr}dc de}omw+

wmr}dccu pdkwfemo oewmdwm "W_O% D wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak bd bdw om|mca~mo wuf~afw+ Dcwa gdccmo "wmr}dccu pdkwfemoeklmgeak+"

wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak "W_E% Dk eklmgeak bd ew }w}dccu ~dwwmo lpaf akm ~mpwak a dkabmp o}peki wmr}dc ap ekefdm gakdg+

Dcwa gdccmo "wmr}dccu pdkwfemo oewmdwm+"

wmr}dc fekapeuDk ekoe|eo}dc ap ipa}~ yba ew gakweompmo a}weom wagedccu dggm~mo kapfw pmidpoeki imkomp

eomkeu# wmr}dc `mbd|eap# wmr}dc apemkdeak# ap wmr}dc ~pmlmpmkgm+

wmr}dc fapmwD wagemu―w de}omw# g}wafw# dko mr~mgdeakw pmidpoeki wmr dko wmr}dceu+ Lap mrdf~cm# akm al

bm wmr}dc fapmw ek bm ]+W+ ew bd àuw dpm dccaymo fapm wmr}dc lpmmoaf bdk iepcw+

wmr}dc kapfwWagedc wdkodpow ompe|mo lpaf d wagemu―w de}omw# g}wafw# dko mr~mgdeakw pmidpoeki wmr dko

wmr}dceu+ Lap mrdf~cm# akm al bm wmr}dc kapfw ek bm ]+W+ ew bd yafmk dko fmk bd|m akcuakm wmr ~dpkmp d d efm+

wmr}dc apemkdeak_bm mpf }wmo a omwgpe`m ybmbmp d ~mpwak lmmcw wmr}dc omwepm lap ~ma~cm al bm a~~awem imkomp#

wdfm imkomp# ap àb imkompw+ ^ma~cm yba lmmc wmr}dc omwepm lap fmf`mpw al bm abmp imkomp dpm

bmmpawmr}dc# ap wpdeib+ ^ma~cm yba lmmc wmr}dc omwepm lap ~ma~cm al bm wdfm imkomp dpmbafawmr}dc# ap idu+ Idu yafmk dpm gdccmo cmwèdkw+ ^ma~cm yba dpm dpdgmo a àb imkompw

dpm èwmr}dcw+

wmr}dc ~pmlmpmkgm

Dk mpaeg dpdgeak a ~dpeg}cdp u~mw al ~ma~cm# `mbd|eapw# dko wef}ce+

wmr}dc pm~pmwweak_bm wagedc ap ldfecedc w}~~pmwweak al wmr}dc dge|eemw# eomdw# ap eomkeemw bd dpm ~mpgme|mo a `m

bdpfl}c ap fapdccu ypaki+



wmr}dc pmw~akwm gugcm_bm ~dmpk al b}fdk pmw~akwm a wmr}dc wef}cdeak+ _bm le|m wdimw al bm gugcm dpm omwepm#

mrgemfmk# ~cdmd}# apidwf# dko pmwac}eak+

wmr}dc peibw

Wmm "Omgcdpdeak al Wmr}dc Peibw+"

wmr}dc pm|ac}eak ]wmo a omwgpe`m ya oellmpmk bewapeg wbelw ek bm wmr}dc de}omw dko kapfw al ~ma~cm ek bm

]+W+ _bm lepw Dfmpegdk wmr}dc pm|ac}eak agg}ppmo ek bm dlmpfdb al Yapco Ydp E ‟ –bm

padpeki )0>w+‖ E ydw gbdpdgmpexmo ù ua}kimp yafmk ‟ –lcd~~mpw‖ ‟ a~mkcu ekweweki ak bmpeib a bd|m wmr `mlapm fdppedim+ _bm wmgako Dfmpegdk wmr}dc pm|ac}eak agg}ppmo o}peki bm

45<>w dko )9>w+ E ydw dggaf~dkemo ù bm yafmk―w dko idu ce`mpdeak fa|mfmkw# ybegb ympmmkyekmo yeb bm ge|ec peibw fa|mfmk+ _bm wmr}dc pm|ac}eak al bm )<>w dko )9>w ydw

mrmf~celemo ù bm mfmpimkgm al d imkmpdeak al a~mkcu wmr}dccu dge|m doacmwgmkw dko gaccmim

w}omkw dko ù d `pado dggm~dkgm al bm eomd bd yafmk dko fmk gdk mkhau wmr dw d

pmgpmdeakdc dge|eu a}weom al gaffemo pmcdeakwbe~w+

wmr}dc wmcmgeakEk Odpyek―w bmapu al m|ac}eak# bew ew bm mpf lap bm lmfdcm dkefdc―w gbaegm al ~dpkmpw% lpaf

d cdpim ipa}~ al ~amkedc fdmw# `dwmo ak bm wmr}dc gbdpdgmpewegw al bm fdcmw ‟ cakimw dec#

`peibmw gacap# faw dkcmpw# mg+ Dggapoeki a Odpyek# wmr gbdpdgmpewegw bd ekw~epm wmr}dcwmcmgeak# cejm bm ~mdgagj―w dec# m|ac|m m|mk ba}ib bmu fdu oefekewb dk ekoe|eo}dc―w gbdkgmw

al w}p|e|dc+

wmr}dc wmpmau~mDk a|mpcu wef~celemo# `} imkmpdccu dggm~mo# h}oifmk ap èdw pmidpoeki bm wmr}dceu al d

~mpwak ap ipa}~+

wmr}dc dàaDku `mbd|eap# pmcdeakwbe~# wufàc# ap yapo pmcdmo a wmr dko wmr}dceu bd d wagemu lapèow`mgd}wm e ew d ipaww |eacdeak al wagedc ap pmceiea}w kapfw+ Akm al bm faw ~pm|dcmk wmr dàaw

yapcoyeom ew oepmgmo didekw ekgmw+ Dkabmp yeomw~pmdo dàa ew oepmgmo didekw bd|eki gakdg

yeb fmkwp}deki yafmk+

wmr yapjmpAkm yba ew ~deo lap ~pa|eoeki wmr ap wmr}dccu dpa}weki gakoeeakw# ekgc}oeki gaffmpgedc ~bakm

wmr# mpaeg fdwwdim# cd~ odkgeki# ~pawe}eak# dko wpe~mdwm+

wbdlD wp}g}pm al mpmgecm eww}m dko kmp|mw bd ew wbd~mo cejm d gac}fk dko lapfw bm àou al bm

~mkew dko bm gceapew+

wbdfmLmmceki mf`dppdwwmo ap b}fecedmo `mgd}wm al d cdgj al dèceu ap lpaf `meki oewga|mpmo oaeki

wafm lapèoomk beki+ Almk dwwagedmo yeb wmr dko wmr}dceu+



Wbmmp Icuom OdfD pmgdkicm al cdmr d~~pa|mo ù bm ]+W+ Laao dko Op}i Dofekewpdeak lap wdlmp apdc!imkedc#

apdc!dkdc wmr ~cdu+

weikw al ~pmikdkgu

_bm faw gaffak weikw al ~pmikdkgu ekgc}om lpmt}mk }pekdeak# bmdodgbmw# ekmr~cegd`cmldei}m# d fewwmo ~mpeao# kd}wmd# dko wapm ap mkcdpimo `pmdww+ _bm faw gaffak wuf~af ew d

fewwmo ~mpeao+ @} fdku yafmk# mw~mgedccu ua}ki yafmk# kapfdccu bd|m eppmi}cdp ~mpeaow+_bmwm eppmi}cdpeemw fdu ekgc}om fewwmo ~mpeaow dko abmp gbdkimw ek bm fmkwp}dc gugcm+ W}gb

eppmi}cdpeemw gdk gbdkim lpaf fakb a fakb+ Dcba}ib ~pmikdkgu ew bm faw gaffak pmdwak

lap fewweki d ~mpeao# eppmi}cdpeu ew dcwa gd}wmo ù ecckmww# pd|mc# yappu# ap wpmww+

wecomkdlecD fmoegdeak }wmo a pmd mpmgecm ouwl}kgeak+ Akm `pdko kdfm ew \edipd+

we}deakdc bafawmr}dceu

Wdfm&wmr wmr ~cdu dfaki ekoe|eo}dcw yba dpm ka idu `} bd|m ka bmmpawmr}dc dcmpkde|m ‟lap mrdf~cm# ~ma~cm ek wdfm&wmr àdpoeki wgbaacw# gaff}keemw# ~pewakw# ap w}ffmp gdf~w# ap

wdfm&wmr gpmyw ak wbe~w ap abmp |mbegcmw lap caki |audimw+

weru&kekm ! <5Wef}cdkma}w# f}}dc apdc wmr ~cdu+

Wjmkm―w icdkow_ya icdkow bd i}wb lc}eo o}peki lmfdcm mhdg}cdeak+ _bmu dpm cagdmo ak a~~awem weomw al bm

a~mkeki a d yafdk―w }pmbpd+ Dcwa gdccmo ~dpd}pmbpdc icdkow ap lmfdcm ~pawdm icdkow+

wc} Dk ekw}ceki mpf lap d yafdk yba bdw fapm bdk akm wmr ~dpkmp+ Ekgpmdwekicu }wmo a omwgpe`m

fmk yba bd|m fapm bdk akm wmr ~dpkmp+ Wmm "oa}`cm wdkodpo+"

wfmifd D wegju# ybem# }k~cmdwdk&wfmcceki w}`wdkgm ~pao}gmo }komp bm lapmwjek d bm icdkw al bm

~mkew dko gceapew+ E ew lapfmo ù wmgpmeakw lpaf bm _uwak―w icdkow# `dgmped# dko àou aecw+

wagedc buiemkm fa|mfmk_bm fa|mfmk bd mfmpimo lpaf bm wagedc ~}peu fa|mfmk ek bm mdpcu 45>>w a leib bm

w~pmdo al wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw+

wagedc ~}peu fa|mfmk_bm w}ggmwwl}c fa|mfmk ek bm ]+W+ al bm cdm 42>>w dko mdpcu 45>>w bd a~~awmo bm

cmidcexdeak al ~pawe}eak dko w}~~apmo pdeweki bm dim al gakwmk lap wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm+

wagedc weifd Wm|mpm oewd~~pa|dc lap `mbd|eap bd ew ka yebek g}c}pdc kapfw+



waoafuApdc wmr# dkdc ekmpga}pwm# ap abmp imkedc gakdg bd ew ka |diekdc ekmpga}pwm+ A}odmo+%

wacedpu |egmFdw}p`deak+ A}odmo wcdki+%

wafdapa~ek_bm b}fdk ipayb bapfakm wmgpmmo ù bm ~e}edpu icdko+

wakaipdfD ~eg}pm al bm lm}w ek bm }mp}w ~pao}gmo ù bm |ew}dcexeki mgbkacaiu gdccmo

}cpdwakaipd~bu+

w~mgdapeki_bm bdè al bekjeki dà}# gaf~dpeki# ipdoeki# dko fakeapeki akm―w ayk wmr}dc ~mplapfdkgm

ybecm bd|eki wmr+

w~mg}c}fD ~cdweg ap fmdc ekwp}fmk }wmo a wm~dpdm bm ydccw al bm |diekd wa bm bmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp

gdk mrdfekm bm |diekd dko gmp|er+

w~mg}c}f mrdf_bm ~buwegdc mrdfekdeak al bm ydccw al bm |diekd dko gmp|er bd ew dggaf~cewbmo ù }weki d

w~mg}c}f+

w~mpf_bm pm~pao}ge|m gmccw ek fmk# ~pao}gmo ek bm wmfekelmpa}w }`}cmw al bm mwmw+

w~mpfdpgbm_bm efm ybmk w~mpf ew lepw ~pao}gmo ù bm mwmw al d àu+

w~mpfdaimkmwew_bm ~pagmww al ~pao}geki w~mpf+ Agg}pw ek bm wmfekelmpa}w }`}cmw al bm mwmw+

w~mpfegeomwGbmfegdcw }wmo a effaècexm w~mpf+

w~ekd èleod

D èpb omlmg bd mr~awmw bm w~ekdc gapo# gd}weki wm|mpm oewapompw al bm kmp|a}w wuwmf+

w~epagbmm_bm apidkewf bd gd}wmw wu~becew+

w~akdkma}w dàpeakFewgdppedim# mdpcu ~pmikdkgu caww+



w~akdkma}w mpmgeak_bm bdpomkeki al bm ~mkew yeba} wmr}dc ldkdwu ap abmp wef}c}w+ ]w}dccu agg}pw almk o}peki

mdpcu doacmwgmkgm+

w~aakeki

Wcdki lap d gmpdek ydu al g}ooceki+ @ab ~ma~cm cdu ak bmep weomw yeb akm ~mpwak cueki ek lpakal bm abmp ‟ wafdgb a `dgj+ Cueki ek bew ~aweeak pmwmf`cmw ya w~aakw wdgjmo aimbmp+

w~aeki]w}dccu# ceib `cmmoeki `mymmk fmkwp}dc ~mpeaow# ybegb fdu akcu `m wmmk ak aecm eww}m dlmp

ye~eki+ Kapfdc w~aeki ew dwwagedmo# lap mrdf~cm# yeb a|}cdeak# bm }wm al wafm bapfakdcfmbaow al èpb gakpac# bm akwm al fmkwp}deak# dko ~mpefmka~d}wm+ _ba}ib ka dcyduw

d`kapfdc# w~aeki o}peki ~pmikdkgu ap dlmp |diekdc ekmpga}pwm wba}co `m oewg}wwmo yeb akm―wbmdcb gdpm ~pa|eomp+ E gdk `m d weik al mkoafmpeawew# }mpekm le`paeow# |diekdc dobmweakw ap

~acu~w# ap gdkgmp+

w~a}wmD ~dpkmp ek fdppedim+

wt}mmxm mgbket}m

D fmbao lap ~aw~akeki mdpcu mhdg}cdeak+ Wmm "wa~&wdp mgbket}m+"

WPW "wmr pmdwweikfmk w}pimpu% Ekmp|mkeakw ekmkomo a dcmp bm wmr apidkw dko!ap wmgakodpu wmr gbdpdgmpewegw a gaklapf aakm―w imkomp eomkeu+ Lap F_Lw# WPW }w}dccu ekgc}omw |dieka~cdwu dko!ap apgbemgafu+ @pmdw

d}ifmkdeak ! ef~cdkw fdu ap fdu ka `m ekgc}omo+ Lap L_Fw# wm|mpdc w}piegdc ~pagmo}pmw dpm

ek|ac|mo# ekgc}oeki gbmw pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu# buwmpmgafu ! aa~bapmgafu# dko oellmpmk

u~mw al imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu IPW%+ Fdku L_Fw }kompia gbmw w}pimpu# `} ka IPW+Wafm bd|m gbmw w}pimpu dko d buwmpmgafu# `} ka IPW+ Wafm bd|m dcc bpmm ~pagmo}pmw

ybegb fdu ekgc}om fapm bdk bpmm w}pimpemw `mgd}wm IPW gdk almk ek|ac|m wm|mpdc w}piegdc

~pagmo}pmw%+ @ab F_Lw dko L_Fw fdu `m }kd`cm a dllapo dku w}pimpu d dcc# um ce|mw}ggmwwl}ccu dw yafmk ap fmk ek wagemu bpa}ib akiaeki bapfakm pmdfmk+ _bm pmt}epmfmkw

lap gbdkieki bm cmidc oag}fmkdeak al akm―w imkomp |dpu lpaf wdm a wdm# dko almk om~mko

ak bm dfa}k dko u~m al w}pimpu ap bapfakm bmpd~u akm bdw bdo+ D lmy wdmw yecc ka dccay d

gbdkim ek cmidc oag}fmkdeak ka fdmp bay f}gb w}pimpu ap pmdfmk akm bdw bdo+

wdcjekiEkwecceki lmdp ù a`wmwwe|mcu ~}pw}eki d omwepmo# ~dw# ap g}ppmk wmr ~dpkmp+

Wdkodpo Oduw FmbaoD lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao lap ~pmoegeki d yafdk―w lmpeceu ù pdgjeki bmp gugcm ak dwpeki al Gugcm@mdow+ Gdk `m }wmo lap gakpdgm~eak ù yafmk ybawm gugcmw dpm ka wbapmp bdk

0< oduw ap cakimp bdk 70 oduw+



wd}apu pd~mCmidccu# wmr}dc gakdg `mymmk dk do}c dko dkuakm yba ew `mcay bm dim al gakwmk# ybmbmp ap

ka bm gakdg ew |ac}kdpu+

W_O "wmr}dccu pdkwfemo oewmdwm%

D wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak bd bdw om|mca~mo wuf~afw+ Dcwa gdccmo "wmr}dccu pdkwfemoeklmgeak+"

wmpmau~mD yeomcu dggm~mo `} a|mpcu wef~celemo h}oifmk ap èdw pmidpoeki d ~mpwak ap ipa}~+

wmpeceuEklmpeceu# bm ekdèceu a `mgafm ~pmikdk ap a gd}wm d ~pmikdkgu+

wmpecexdeakW}piegdc fmbaow al èpb gakpac bd dpm ekmkomo a `m ~mpfdkmk ‟`cagjeki al bm ldcca~edk

}`mw lap yafmk ap bm |dwd omlmpmked lap fmk+

W_E "wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak%Dk eklmgeak bd ew }w}dccu ~dwwmo lpaf akm ~mpwak a dkabmp o}peki wmr}dc ap ekefdm gakdg+

Dcwa gdccmo W_O+

Fdpem Gdpfegbdmc Wa~mw "422>‗45=2%A~mkmo bm lepw @peewb èpb gakpac gcekeg ek 4504+ Akm al bmp àajw# Fdppemo Ca|m# ydw

omgcdpmo a`wgmkm ù bm ]+W+ G}wafw ek 4504 `mgd}wm e omwgpe`mo bm gugcmw al yafmk―w wmr}dc

omwepm+

wa~&wdp mgbket}mD pmdfmk lap aa&mdpcu mhdg}cdeak ek ybegb bm ~mkew ew pm~mdmocu wef}cdmo h}w wbap al

mhdg}cdapu ekm|edèceu dko dccaymo a walmk `mlapm `meki wef}cdmo didek+

wpdeibBmmpawmr}dc+

wpdkimp pd~mLapgmo wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm ù dk dwwdecdk }kjkayk a bm |egef+

wpd~&ak

D oecoa bd gdk `m ddgbmo a d ~mpwak a }wm lap |diekdc ap dkdc ekmpga}pwm ap apdc wmr ~cdu+

w}èkgeweakPe}dc g}eki dcaki bm }kompweom al bm ~mkew# ybegb mr~awmw bm }pmbpd+

w}~mpekgeweakDk }k}w}dc lapf al gepg}fgeweak ek ybegb bm a~ al bm lapmwjek ew g} a~mk `} ka pmfa|mo+



w}mm_bm akgm lapgmo# kay eccmidc `} gakek}eki# w}egeom al Beko} yeoayw ù bpayeki bmfwmc|mw

ak bm l}kmpdc ~upmw al bmep omgmdwmo b}w`dkow+

wyekieki

Mrgbdkieki mdgb abmp―w wmr ~dpkmpw lap wmr ~cdu+

wu~becewD wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak bd gdk cmdo a oewlei}pmfmk# km}pacaiegdc oewapompw# dko

omdb+

`dgj a a~

‗ _ ‗

dàa D `mbd|eap bd ew a}weom bm fapdc cefew al g}c}pdc kapfw+

df~ak D lepf pacc al d`wap`mk gaak ap abmp le`mp bd ew yapk ekweom bm |diekd a d`wap` fmkwp}dc

lcay+

dkpeg wmrD pe}dcexmo lapf al wmr ~cdu `dwmo ek Beko} dko @}oobew pdoeeakw bd ew ~mplapfmo ù

ipdo}dccu ekgpmdweki w~epe}dc gakgmkpdeak dko wmr}dc wef}ce }kec d l}cc# feko&àou apidwf ew

pmdgbmo+

mf~mpd}pm fmbaoD lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao lap ~pmoegeki lmpeceu ek ybegb yafmk gbdp ybmk a|}cdeakagg}pw ù djeki bmep mf~mpd}pm m|mpu fapkeki `mlapm imeki a} al `mo+ Gdk `m }wmo lap

gakpdgm~eak ap lap ~cdkkeki ~pmikdkgu+

mkeki_bm celeki al bm }mp}w o}peki wmr}dc mrgemfmk bd gpmdmw fapm w~dgm ek bm ekkmp |diekd+

mpedpu wu~becew

_bm bepo ~bdwm al bm eklmgeak o}peki ybegb f}ce~cm apidk odfdim dko ldec}pm agg}p+

mwmw_ya `dcc&cejm icdkow ekweom bm wgpa}f bd ~pao}gm bapfakmw# ekgc}oeki mwawmpakm+ Mdgb

mwew dcwa mkgcawmw wm|mpdc b}kopmo wfdcc ca`mw# ybegb gakdek bm eku# bpmdocejm wmfekelmpa}w

}`}cmw bd ~pao}gm w~mpf+ Dcwa gdccmo "mwegcmw#" bm mwmw dpm wmkwee|m a bm a}gb+





mwegcmw_ya `dcc&cejm icdkow ekweom bm wgpa}f bd ~pao}gm bapfakmw# ekgc}oeki mwawmpakm+ Mdgb

mwegcm dcwa mkgcawmw wm|mpdc b}kopmo wfdcc ca`mw# ybegb gakdek bm eku# bpmdocejm

wmfekelmpa}w }`}cmw bd ~pao}gm w~mpf+ Dcwa gdccmo "mwmw#" bm mwegcmw dpm wmkwee|m a bm

a}gb+

mwawmpakmDk dkopaimk bd ew ~pao}gmo ek bm mwmw al fmk dko ek wfdccmp dfa}kw ek bm a|dpemw al

yafmk+

bdceoafeomD wmode|m ~pmwgpe`mo ek M}pa~m lpaf 45=7 a bm mdpcu 45<>w bd ydw djmk all bm fdpjm

`mgd}wm e gd}wmo wm|mpm èpb omlmgw# mw~mgedccu al bm dpfw dko cmiw+

bmcdpgbm_bm efm ybmk d iepc―w `pmdww `miek a om|mca~+

bmpd~m}eg dàpeak_bm mpfekdeak al d ~pmikdkgu `mgd}wm al lmdc d`kapfdceu ap a ~pamg d yafdk―w ~buwegdc ap

fmkdc bmdcb ap bmp celm+

bepo pefmwmp_bm cdw bpmm fakbw al ~pmikdkgu+

bpmdmkmo fewgdppedimD gakoeeak ek ybegb d yafdk `cmmow# yeb ap yeba} feco gpdf~w# `} bm gmp|er bdwk― `mi}k

a a~mk+ Bdcl al bpmdmkmo fewgdppedimw mko ek ~pmikdkgu caww+ Ek bm abmp bdcl# bm `cmmoeki

wa~w# dko bm ~pmikdkgu iamw ak kapfdccu+

bp}wbDk a|mpipayb al umdw ek bm fa}b+ Faw gaffak dfaki yafmk dko fmk ybawm eff}km

wuwmfw dpm ymdjmkmo+

aga~baèdLmdp al gbecoèpb+

a~ w}pimpu

Wmm "gbmw w}pimpu ! gbmw pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu+"

areg wbagj wukopafmD pdpm `} |mpu odkimpa}w a|mpipayb al `dgmped ek bm |diekd+ Wuf~afw ekgc}om |afeeki#

beib lm|mp# oedppbmd# dko d w}k`}pk&u~m pdwb+

pdkwWbap lap pdkwwmr}dc ap pdkwimkomp+



pdkwimkomp Imkomp mr~pmwweak dko imkomp eomkeu bd oellmp lpaf gak|mkeakdc mr~mgdeakw `dwmo ak

èacaiegdc wmr+ Almk }wmo dw dk }f`pmccd mpf a omwgpe`m bm gaff}keu al dkopaiukm# gpaww&

opmwweki# pdkwimkomp# pdkwwmr}dc# ap pdkw|mwem ~ma~cm+ Dw dk }f`pmccd mpf# –pdkwimkomp‖ ewalmk ef~pmgewm dko fdu ka domt}dmcu omwgpe`m bm ~dpeg}cdpw al w~mgeleg mr~pmwweakw dko

eomkeemw+ Lap mrdf~cm# bm mr~pmwweakw dko eomkeu al d ~aw&a~mpde|m L_F pdkwwmr}dc yecc~pa`d`cu `m |mpu oellmpmk lpaf bd al d lmfdcm&eomkelemo opdi jeki yba ~mplapfw ak ymmjmkow#

`} àb dpm almk c}f~mo aimbmp }komp bm mpf –pdkwimkomp+‖

pdkwimkompewAlmk wukakufa}w yeb èimkompmo+ Dcwa }wmo a omwgpe`m ~ma~cm yba ce|m l}cc&efm ek bmep

imkomp eomkeu yeba} d omwepm lap imkomp pmgakwp}ge|m w}pimpu+ D pdkwimkompew fdu ap fduka omgeom a }kompia mcmgpacuwew# gawfmeg ldgedc ap àou gaka}peki w}pimpemw# ap bapfakm

pmdfmk+

pdkweeak

Ek wmr}dceu# bm ~pagmww al gbdkieki lpaf akm wmr a bm abmp# yeb ap yeba} fmoegdcekmp|mkeak+ Lap faw# pdkweeak ew d ipdo}dc wm al gbdkimw a|mp efm+ E fdu `m oelleg}c a

ommpfekm mrdgcu ybmk d pdkweeak `miekw dko ybmk e mkow+ Wafm lmmc bd bmep pdkweeakw`midk bm odu bmu wdpmo bapfakm pmdfmk+ Wafm lmmc e `midk ybmk bmu aco bmep ca|mo

akmw dà} bmep eomkeemw+ Wafm lmmc e `midk ybmk bmu gbdkimo bmep kdfmw cmidccu+ Wafm lmmc

bmu dpm –ek pdkweeak‖ lap d lmy umdpw }kec bmep bapfakdc gbdkimw wmcm ek+ Wafm lmmc bd bmep

pdkweeakw mko ybmk bmu dpm cmidccu pmgaikexmo+ Wafm lmmc bmep pdkweeak ew gaf~cmm ybmk

bmu bd|m gaf~cmmo imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu+

pdkwfdkDk eomkeu doa~mo ù wafm lmfdcm&a&fdcm pdkwwmr}dcw a dgjkaycmoim bd bmu dpm fmk

ybecm dllepfeki bmep bewapu dw yafmk+

pdkw~baèdLmdp dko bdpmo al ~ma~cm yba dpm pdkwimkomp# pdkwwmr}dc# ap pdkw|mwem+

pdkwwmr}dc^ma~cm ybawm imkomp eomkeemw oa ka fdgb bm wmr bd ydw dwweikmo d èpb dko yba omwepm

dko!ap wmmj fmoegdc pmdfmk a `peki bmep àoemw eka dceikfmk yeb bmep imkomp eomkeemw+

pdkw|mwemD ~mpwak yba gpaww&opmwwmw lap wmr}dc ~cmdw}pm+ Almk allmkwe|m+ ]wm –gpaww&opmwwmp‖ a

omwgpe`m gpaww&opmwweki lap abmp pmdwakw+%

pdkwyafdkDk eomkeu doa~mo ù wafm fdcm&a&lmfdcm pdkwwmr}dcw a dgjkaycmoim bd bmu dpm yafmk

ybecm dllepfeki bmep bewapu dw fmk+

pe`doewfWmr ~cdu `mymmk ya yafmk yba cem ldgm&a&ldgm dko p}` bmep gceapewmw didekw akm dkabmp+



pefmwmpAkm&bepo al bm kekm fakbw al ~pmikdkgu+

pe~bdweg gafèkdeak ~eccDk apdc gakpdgm~e|m yeb |dpueki oawmw al mwpaimk dko ~paimwek o}peki d 02&odu gugcm+

pe~cm wgpmmk ! pe~cm mwD ~pmkddc `caao mw d dpa}ko 4< ymmjw al ~pmikdkgu a ommg Oayk wukopafm# `pdek dkow~ekm omlmgw# dko abmp omlmgw+ L}pbmp mww yecc `m allmpmo el bew `caao mw pm|mdcw dk

ekgpmdwmo pewj al èpb omlmgw+% Dcwa gdccmo –f}ce~cm fdpjmp wgpmmkeki+‖

}`dc ceideakW}piegdc `cagjeki al bm ldcca~edk }`mw ù ueki bmf all+ D lapf al }`dc wmpecexdeak+

}`dc ~pmikdkguDk mga~eg ~pmikdkgu ek akm al bm ldcca~edk }`mw+

}`dc wmpecexdeak

W}piegdc `cagjeki al bm ldcca~edk }`mw bd ew ekmkomo a ~pa|eom ~mpfdkmk èpb gakpac+

}`mgafu_bm w}piegdc pmfa|dc al d ldcca~edk }`m+

}fmwgmkgmMpmgeak dko mkcdpimfmk al bm wmr apidkw# mw~mgedccu bm gceapew dko ~mkew# o}peki wmr}dc

dpa}wdc+

_}pkmp wukopafmD pdpm gakoeeak ek ybegb dk ekoe|eo}dc bdw kapfdc mrmpkdc lmfdcm wmr apidkw `} dk

}kom|mca~mo ekmpkdc pm~pao}ge|m wuwmf `mgd}wm al d`kapfdc gbpafawafmw+

_ya&Odu FmbaoD gmp|egdc f}g}w fmbao al èpb gakpac ek ybegb d yafdk a`wmp|mw ybmbmp ap ka wbm bdw bdo

gmp|egdc f}g}w ya oduw ek d pay+ D lmpeceu dydpmkmww&`dwmo fmbao al `mbd|eapdc

gakpdgm~eak+

ya&w~epemoEk wafm Kde|m Dfmpegdk g}c}pmw# pmlmpw a ~ma~cm yba bd|m bm w~epew al àb yafmk dko fmk+

Wmm "`mpodgbm" dko "pdkwimkomp+"

u~egdc }wm _bm mllmge|mkmww al d ~dpeg}cdp gakpdgm~e|m fmbao lap yafmk dko fmk yba oa ka dcyduw

}wm e gakwewmkcu ap gappmgcu+ Wmm "~mplmg }wm+"

_uwak―w icdkow

_bm apidkw bd wmgpmm d lc}eo bd gafèkmw yeb `dgmped dko àou aecw a lapf wfmifd+



Wm|mpdc dpm cagdmo }komp bm lapmwjek dko gceapdc baao+ Abmpw dpm cagdmo }komp bm gapakd al

bm icdkw al bm ~mkew dko ak mebmp weom al bm lpmk}c}f+ Dcwa gdccmo ~pm~}edc icdkow+

`dgj a a~

‗ ] ‗

}cpdwa}koD fmoegdc mw bd gpmdmw dk efdim ù à}kgeki wa}ko yd|mw all bm ekmpkdc apidkw+

}kgepg}fgewmoOmwgpe~eak al d ~mkew bd bdw d lapmwjek+

}komwgmkomo mwegcm

D mwegcm bd oamw ka bdki dydu lpaf bm àou `} pmfdekw ek bm dòafmk al d àu ap fdk+_bm mwegcmw al d fdcm lm}w dpm mkgcawmo ek bm dòafmk+ _bmu omwgmko a bdki dydu lpaf bm

àou h}w `mlapm èpb+ Ek dà} le|m a} al 4>> fdcm èpbw# akm ap àb al bm mwegcmw oa ka

omwgmko+

}pmmpw_bm ya }`mw bd cmdo lpaf bm jeokmuw a bm `cdoomp+

}pmbpd_bm }`m lpaf ybegb yafmk dko fmk }pekdm+ _bm }pmbpd mf~emw bm `cdoomp dko gdppemw }pekm

a bm }pmbpdc a~mkeki+ Ek fmk# bm }pmbpd p}kw bpa}ib bm ~mkew dko dcwa gdppemw mhdg}cdm dko

~pm&mhdg}cdm o}peki wmr ~cdu dko kag}pkdc mfewweak+

}pekdpu pdg eklmgeak "]_E%D `dgmpedc eklmgeak al bm `cdoomp dcwa gdccmo "guweew"%# bm }pmmpw# ap bm }pmbpd+

}wm&mllmge|mkmww_bm pmcedèceu al d gakpdgm~e|m fmbao dw e ew }w}dccu }wmo ‟ybmk e ew ka dcyduw }wmo

gakwewmkcu ap gappmgcu+

}mpekm apidwf_bm gcefdr ap ~mdj al wmr}dc dpa}wdc lap yafmk bd ew `pa}ib dà} ù wef}cdeki bm |diekd

yeba} wef}cdeki bm gceapew+ Dcwa gdccmo "|diekdc apidwf+"

}mpekm ~mplapdeakYbmk bm ydcc al bm }mp}w ew ~}kg}pmo ù d w}piegdc ekwp}fmk o}peki d ~pagmo}pm ap ù dk

ekpd}mpekm om|egm o}peki ekwmpeak+





}mp}w_bm ~mdp&wbd~mo# f}wg}cdp pm~pao}ge|m apidk lpaf ybegb yafmk fmkwp}dm dko ybmpm kapfdc

~pmikdkgu om|mca~w+ Dcwa gdccmo bm –yaf`+‖

]_E "}pekdpu pdg eklmgeak%

D `dgmpedc eklmgeak al bm `cdoomp dcwa gdccmo "guweew"%# bm }pmmpw# ap bm }pmbpd+

`dgj a a~

‗ \ ‗

|dg}}f dw~epdeak dàpeak

Dk ek&gcekeg ~pagmo}pm ek ybegb bm }mp}w ew mf~emo yeb imkcm w}geak+

|diekd_bm wpmgbd`cm ~dwwdim bd gakkmgw d yafdk―w a}mp wmr apidkw# bm |}c|d# yeb bm gmp|er dko

}mp}w+ _bm |diekd bdw bpmm l}kgeakw8 a dccay fmkwp}dc lcay a cmd|m bm àou# a dccay wmr}dc

~mkmpdeak a agg}p mebmp ù bdko# wmr au# ap ~mkew%# dko a dccay d lm}w a ~dww bpa}ib

o}peki |diekdc omce|mpu

|diekdc dobmweak ]w}dccu ek ~aw&fmka~d}wdc yafmk# d lepf# le`pa}w ipayb bd omwgmkow lpaf bm }~~mp |diekd

a a`wp}g bm a~mkeki al bm |diekd+

|diekdc dpa~bu

_bekkeki dko eppedeak al bm lacow al bm ydccw al bm |diekd gd}wmo ù bm kapfdc pmo}geak ekbm wmgpmeak al mwpaimk o}peki ~mpefmka~d}wm dko dlmp fmka~d}wm+

|diekdc gakpdgm~e|m lecf ! \GLD bek# ya&ekgb wt}dpm wbmm al gbmfegdcw bd ew ekwmpmo omm~ eka bm |diekd# dko fmcw eka d

begj cet}eo bd `cagjw bm mkpdkgm a bm }mp}w yeb d w~mpfegeom+ E effaècexmw w~mpf dko

~pm|mkw e lpaf haekeki yeb dk mii+ Dk a|mp&bm&ga}kmp# pm|mpwe`cm `dppemp fmbao al èpb

gakpac+ Faw mllmge|m ybmk }wmo yeb d gakoaf+

|diekdc oecdapwD wmpemw al ekgpmdwekicu yeomp ~cdweg gucekompw bd dpm }wmo a mkcdpim bm |diekd ap a pmd

|diekewf}w ù bmc~eki d yafdk ekgpmdwm bmp gd~dgeu lap |diekdc ~mkmpdeak+

|diekdc ekmpga}pwmWmr ~cdu ek ybegb bm ~mkew mkmpw bm |diekd+

|diekdc c}`pegdeakO}peki wmr}dc dpa}wdc# bm wmgpmeak al d wce~~mpu lc}eo lpaf bm `caao |mwwmcw bd –~mpw~epmw‖

bpa}ib bm p}idm al bm ydccw al bm |diekd eka bm |diekdc gdkdc a ldgecedm ~mkmpdeak+





|diekdc apidwf_bm gcefdr ap ~mdj al wmr}dc dpa}wdc lap yafmk bd ew `pa}ib dà} ù wef}cdeki bm |diekd

yeba} wef}cdeki bm gceapew+ Dcwa gdccmo "}mpekm apidwf+"

|diekewf}w

^dekl}c ekmpga}pwm lap d yafdk bd agg}pw ybmk bmp lmdp dko dkremu dà} |diekdc ekmpga}pwmgd}wm bm f}wgcmw dpa}ko bmp |diekd a ia eka w~dwf ybmk bmp ~dpkmp pemw a ekwmp d ~mkew ap

oecoa+

|diekeewDk eppedeak al bm |diekd ap |}c|d+

|dieka~cdwuEk imkedc pmgakwp}geak w}pimpu# bm w}piegdc gpmdeak al d |diekd+ _u~egdccu# ek F_Lw# bm wjek

al bm lapmwjek dko ~mkew ew ek|mpmo a lapf d |diekd+ D gceapew gdk `m lapfmo lpaf ~dp al bmicdkw al bm ~mkew+ Ek gdwmw al wbapdim al wjek# ap ybmk d |dieka~cdwu bdw ldecmo# d |diekdc

cekeki gdk `m gpmdmo lpaf wjek ipdlw lpaf bm beibw ap be~w# ap d wmgeak al gacak fdu `m }wmo+_bmwm eww}mw fdu ka ~pa|eom bm wdfm wmkwee|eemw dw bm ~mkecm ek|mpweak fmbao# `} bm

d~~mdpdkgm al bm |diekdc a~mkeki ew eomkegdc+

|dc}mwEomdw dà} ybd ew peib# yapbybecm# ap fapdc+

|dpegagmcmDk mkcdpimfmk al akm ap fapm al bm |mekw bd gdppu `caao dydu lpaf bm mwew+ E gdk pmo}gm

`caao lcay dko ekgpmdwm bm mf~mpd}pm al bm mwegcm# bmpmù gd}weki eklmpeceu+ Wefecdp a

|dpegawm |mekw bd agg}p ek bm cmi+

|dw omlmpmkwD caki# kdppay }`m bd gdppemw w~mpf lpaf mdgb m~eoeoufew a bm wmfekdc |mwegcmw o}peki

mhdg}cdeak+ _bm ~c}pdc al |dw omlmpmkw ew |dwd omlmpmked+

|dwmgafuW}piegdc `cagjeki al bm |dwd omlmpmked ek fmk bd ew ekmkomo a ~pa|eom ~mpfdkmk èpb

gakpac+

|dwagakimweakDk ekgpmdwm ek bm dfa}k al `caao ek gmpdek àou eww}mw `pmdww# gceapew# ekkmp cdèd# ke~~cmw#

~mkew% bd ew gd}wmo ù wmr}dc dpa}wdc+ Dcwa gd}wmw wmr lc}wbmw dko c}`pegdeak al bm |diekd+

\O "|mkmpmdc oewmdwm%Wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak+ A}odmo+%

|mkmpmdc oewmdwm "\O%Wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeak+ A}odmo+%



|mkmpmacaiewAkm yba w}oemw wmr}dccu pdkwfemo eklmgeakw+

|edèceu_bm dèceu al d lm}w a w}p|e|m a}weom d yafdk―w àou+

|e`pdapDk mcmgpegdccu ~aympmo wmr au# almk ek bm wbd~m al d ~mkew# bd d~~cemw |e`pdeakw a wmrapidkw ap abmp mpaimka}w xakmw lap wmr}dc wef}cdeak+ Om|mca~mo ù oagapw a g}pm buwmped+

Wmm "buwmped+"

|egapedkw^ma~cm yba ce|mo o}peki dko dlmp bm pmeik al @pedek―w T}mmk \egaped 4279&45>4%# mw~mgedccu

bawm yba wbdpmo bmp lmdpw dà} b}fdk wmr}dceu+

|epiekeu

_bm wd}w al km|mp bd|eki bdo wmr}dc ekmpga}pwm+

|agdc w}pimpuMwpaimk bmpd~u cmd|mw F_L |aegmw }kgbdkimo+ Wafm F_Lw gbaawm w}pimpu a dcmp bmep

|aegmw+ _bew ~pagmo}pm fdu ef~dep bm |aegm ~mpfdkmkcu# wa |agdc w}pimpu wba}co `m gakweompmo

yeb gd}eak+

|ac}kdpu wmpecexdeakW}piegdccu ef~cmfmkmo gakpdgm~eak bd ew ekmkomo a `m ~mpfdkmk dko bd ew lpmmcu gbawmk+

|aum}pw

Yafmk ap fmk yba akcu `mgafm dpa}wmo ù wmgpmcu ydgbeki dkabmp ~mpwak }kopmww apmkidim ek wmr}dc `mbd|eap+

|}c|d

D yafdk―w mrmpkdc wmr apidkw# ekgc}oeki bm gceapew# cdèd fdhapd dko fekapd%# a~mkeki a bm

|diekd ekpae}w%# a~mkeki a bm }pmbpd# dko ya @dpbacek―w icdkow+

`dgj a a~

‗ Y ‗

ydkompeki }mp}wD fubegdc mfaeakdc oewapomp lepw omwgpe`mo ek dkgemk Dbmkw ù Be~~agpdmw# yba ew

gakweompmo bm –ldbmp al fmoegekm+‖ Be~~agpdmw d}ib bd# }kcmww d yafdk ydw ~pmikdk almk

mka}ib# bmp }mp}w ya}co ydkomp dpa}ko ekweom bmp àou caajeki lap d lm}w a ekbdè e+ Dw bm}mp}w pawm ekweom bmp# wbm ya}co `mgafm buwmpegdc+ El wbm oeo ka bd|m wmr yeb d fdk dko

`mgafm ~pmikdk# bm }mp}w ya}co pewm eka bmp bpad dko wpdkicm bmp+ Wmm "buwmped+"





ym opmdfw Mpaeg efdieki o}peki wcmm~ bd gd}wmw mhdg}cdeak ek fmk dko c}`pegdeak ek yafmk+ Wmm

"kag}pkdc mfewweak+"

yebopdydc

^}cceki bm ~mkew a} al bm |diekd `mlapm mhdg}cdeak ek apomp a d|aeo ~pmikdkgu+ D pm|mpwe`cm#`mbd|eapdc fmbao al èpb gakpac+

Fdpu Yaccwakmgpdl "49=5‗4959%D}bap al bm lepw lmfekew fdkelmwa# D \ekoegdteak al tbm Peibtw al Yafmk+ Wbm ydw dcwa bm

fabmp al Fdpu Yaccwakmgpdl Wbmccmu# yba ypam Lpdkjmkwtmek+

yafmk―w ce`

Dk d``pm|edeak fmdk a pe|edcexm –yafmk―w ce`mpdeak#‖ bm lmfekew fa|mfmk al bm cdm

45<>w+

`dgj a a~

‗ R ‗

R gbpafawafm

_bm wmr&oellmpmkedeki gbpafawafm bd agg}pw yegm ek lmfdcmw dko akgm ek fdcmw+ Wmm "wmr

gbpafawafmw+"

`dgj a a~

‗ U ‗

U gbpafawafm _bm wmr&oellmpmkedeki gbpafawafm bd agg}pw akgm ek fdcmw dko oamw ka agg}p ek lmfdcmw+

Wmm "wmr gbpafawafmw+"

umdw eklmgeak]w}dccu# d u~m al |diekeew gd}wmo ù dk a|mpipayb al bm umdw# gdkoeod dcègdkw+ Umdw

eklmgeakw fdu dcwa agg}p ek bm ~mkew ap wgpa}f+ Ybmk bmu agg}p apdccu# bmu dpm pmlmppmo a dw–bp}wb+‖

uake Beko} kdfm lap bm |}c|d ! |diekd+ Beko}w yapwbe~ wd}mw al bm uake fdom al yaao# fmdc# ap

wakm+ Yafmk ymdp wufàcw al bm uake pedkicmw# lewb# oa}`cm&~aekmo a|dcw# miiw# dko |dpea}w

lp}ew% dw wmr}dc df}cmw a ~pafam lmpeceu dko wmr}dc ~amkgu+







`dgj a a~

‗ X ‗

XEL_ "xuiam ekpdldcca~edk pdkwlmp% D ~pagmo}pm ek ybegb bm mii dko w~mpf dpm djmk a} al bm yafdk―w dko fdk―w àoemw# haekmo

ek bm cdàpdapu# dko bmk ~} eka akm al bmp ldcca~edk }`mw+

xuiam _bm wekicm&gmccmo apidkewf bd pmw}cw lpaf bm haekeki al bm mii dko w~mpf+

xuiam ekpdldcca~edk pdkwlmp "XEL_% D ~pagmo}pm ek ybegb bm mii dko w~mpf dpm djmk a} al bm yafdk―w dko fdk―w àoemw# haekmo

ek bm cdàpdapu# dko bmk ~} eka akm al bmp ldcca~edk }`mw+



Pharaonic Sexual Violence in u.s.a.

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