-----

z 0

t­

u :::>

et::

I-

z

w w

.· PG:80-7

F orm 10 300 . UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland

11.

(2.

13.

Is.

16-

I COUNTY• I NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Prince George ~-s-~--

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS U'>F ONI Y --- -=----- ------ENTRY DA.TE

(Type all entries., complete applicable sections)

NAME COMMON:

St. John's Church A.NO/QR HISTORIC:

St. John's (Broadcreek) of the Protestant Episcopal Church '

LOCATION I I

I STREE-T AND. NUMBER:

I 9801 Livin'gston Road '

1 CITY OR TOWN: CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT'

Ox on Hill Fourth STATE I CODE COUNTY: l c0:•r l Maryland I 24 Prince Georae's [033 !

CLASSIFICATION

I ACCESSIBLE I CATEGORY OWNERSHIP ST A TU~

I TO THE PUBLIC i

(Check One) i

District Public Public Acquisition: I Yes: I 0 :x: Bui I ding lo ~ Occupied

LJ Unoccupied I~~ Restric:t~d i 0 Site D Structure IKJ Private 0 In Process

0 Both 0 Being Considered Unreostr1ct('d 0 Object !K] Preservation workl ~

in progreoss

PRESENT USE -- . (Check One or More as Appropriate)

0 Agriculture I 0 Government 0 Pork 0 T ronsportoti or.

0 Commercial 0 Industrial 0 Private Residence 0 Other (Specify)

0 Educational 0 Military ~ Religious

0 Entertainment [J Museum G Scientific .

OWNER OF PROPERTY OWNER•s NA.ME:

Vestry of King George Parish STREET AND NUl.ABER:

9801 Livingston Road CITY OR TOWN: STATE·

Ox on Hill Maryland LOCATION OF L~GAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC:

Prince George's County Courthouse ST_REET AND NUMBER:

. Cl TY OR TOWN: STATE

·~ Upper Marlboro Maryland ~EPRESE~TATl{)N IN EXISTING SURVEYS

TITLE OF SURVEY;

Historic American -~ui ldi~g~_s~:r:v~y __ ----~----

I jDATE OF SURVEY. _l~_jb !XI Federal [ I Stole -I I Count

----- ·- - -----------DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RLCOHUS·

L' No I

[-~ Comments I

---·---------- - -

-- - -----

I

!

I !

r:orH --

24 ----, i

-

i I

1'0~1 C) ti ' ' CD f-'· '· • 0 :J •I

ti o ; I l Q (!) '

1~-: ..(!) I Ul I

---i--t1 I 24 ---.

'

! I I I I

I ~'. I I

--- - - - : ! • I 1

• i; I I ~

! Loral

1-L_i_· b_r.,...a_r_:y=-,-,,..oc-cf-==C-:::c-o_n_,g"-r_e_s_s ___________________________ _j

STREET AND NUMBER:

_:I.;· I ·;, ';-:-:

between E. r· I Avenue ! z -- - -- - --· ~ , : I IC"'' -+--· ~i-- I . -< ! , _l ' l, I 1 .. --~ I°, :

1st Street S.E. Ca~ol St. and Independence ~C-l_T_Y_O_R_T_O_W_N-,------------------- I ST AT Ee

Washington _ D · C ·--------

::ii

PG:80-7

u:=oESCRIPTION ___ ------------------------------------!

E (Check One)

• 0 Excellent ~ Good 0 Fair 0 Deteriorated 0 Ruins D Unexposed CONDIT ION --::---:---------,-----=---:-:::-:----:-==----_:_________: ___ -I

(Check One) 1 (Check One)

t---------- L Altered ~--U~ltered --- n Moved fi Original Site C ESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARA_N_C_E------------------<

The building is a rectangular brick structure with a bell hipped roof. The main (west) facade has a small straight­gabled porch with two arched openings along the flanks and an arched entranceway= it is a later addition to the structure.

1 There are two windows flanking the porch on the main and I balcony ~evels of the facade; these two are believed to be

1 later additi6ns. The north side wall is four bays; the window openings ar~ square-headed with the regular Flemish bond cours­ing of the w2lls carried over them without relieving arches. The south sice wall is three bays, the center bay being a double door; all openings are square headed with segmental relieving arches infilled with brick between the soffit of the arch and the windo¥ frame. At the east end, a round window has replaced the original square-headed opening; patchwork for the forn!O:r v:indow shm;s it to !:ave had a relieving arch / like those on the south wall. A boxed cornice with bed 1

moulding replaces an earlier cornice. i

The interior is a single large rectangular space with a \ balcony at the west end; the ceiling and wall plaster has been

1

removed as part of the restoration now being ~arried out. The I exposed brick walls have nailers for furring strip.s set into

1j

the brick at points about one third and two thirds of t~e dis­tance from .the floor to the wall plate. The openings have 1

wooden lintels (except where they have been replaced by thinner! metal strips over two windows on the north facade) . Three large tie beams, mortised into the wall plates, divide the space into four bays; the beams were once plastered, althou0h more recen.tly they were boxed and are now ex:;:?osed.

The balcony at the west end is supported by tie beams and posts. A beam across the west wall supports the balcony's floor joists, which extend across the beam and are also mor­tised into the west wall. Another beam supports the east end of the balcony; it is mortised into the side walls and is also supported by posts. The floor joists of the balcony are ex­posed and beaded on both edges. The balustrade consists of stiles with raised panels. The rresent balcony rerlaces an earlier one, that projected farther into the room at a sli0htly higher levet; mortises for the tie beam and floor joists f~r this earlier ~alcony are visible in the brickwork.

The present brick and concrete floor is of recent date. The only surviving evidence for the original floor level is the thickening of the west wall by about six inches nc~r the l ~sc; the shelf thus created orobably carried the original floor joists. Although the fioor under the balcony has been lowerea~ the floor of the sanctuary (a step higher) is probably about 1

1

.

L_~ _ _ (See Continuation Sheet_ ~~~-----J

- -----------------

m m

z.

a z

'

.· Form 10-3000 (July 1969)

(Number 1111 entries)

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY ·NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)!± 1

l±7 Descrintion (Continued)

PG:80-7

STATE

narvland COUNTY

Prince t-eoros' .s

FOR NPS USE ONLY +

ENTRY NUMBER I ()ATE

I

at the level of th0 oriainal floor. The douhle doors on the south wall had to be shortened when the nresent floor vas in­stalled, suggestinq their alteration at !=:Orne earlier date ~·-~~~ the floor was lowered.

The roof framing er.tnlovs a principal and common rafter svster:-:, ~ith the three nrincipal rafters positioned over the tie hea~s and five common rafters betv1een the principals. The princi'.."'al rafters are notched on the outside edge at midpoint and the single purlin sits in the notch. ~ngle braces are mortised 3n~ tenoned into the principal rafters near their bases and then into the lo\•:er side of the purli:is. Common rafters run f::om the plate to the purlin and from the purlin to the ridge. ~~r lo'.::er run are mortised into the plate and into the lo'·'er side of the purlin; the u~per run are mortised into the upper sid<· of the purlin and are half-lapped and pegged toaether at the ridge. Collars, all ahout the dimensions of a COT"1Jn0n raft<~:r,

are half-lapped over both principal and coii'.mon rafters just above the nurlin. nn the end hips, all the rafters arP coP1n~~

and are mortised into either side of the nurlin and run Pi~~Pr fron plate to nurlin or from purlin to analed corner rafters, 1·.1hich in turn are l!'ortised and tenoned togethRr <it the r~. c.1r1c·.

The suonortinq memhers for the harrel vault spring from insidP the wall plate. Thev are susnended from the collars at thrp0 noints bv rouqh-cut hoards nailed onto both the coll~rs ~na the arches. There is one arch for each nrincipRl and cnm~nn rafter. On the end walls, where the vault angles invard, furring strips are nailed directlv onto the rafters.

The congregation, vith Orin Rullock as a consultant, is

1 currentlv workin(J on a restoration of the church. T\. ne'·' r•;':J· ,

1 replastering the vault, and a new exterior cornice are the first elements of the restoration ~ork. Eventuallv, the congregation hones to renlace the halcony with one canformins to the ori.9,inal dimensions. The work is being done hv church members, who are carefullv checking the reroaining fahric fnr clues of former appearance as they remove existing eJements.

--------------------------------------- - -

'----------------------- --------------------- - -- - -

i,I' 11 't.'1

l·

.·

z

0

z

w w

PG:80-7

!'!· SIGNIFICANCE _J PERIOD (Check One or More as Appro-p--ri-et_c_) -------------------------- I

0 Pre-Columbian:

0 15th Century

0 16th Century

0 17th Century

00 18th Century

[J 19th Century

SPECIFIC OATEIS) (If Applicable and Known) 1767-1768 AREA.S OF SIGNIFICANCE .(Check One or !t1ore as Appropriate)

Aboriginal 0 Education

0 Prehistoric O Engine.,ring

0 Historic

0 Agriculture

fi Architecture

-0 Art

0 0 0

Commerce

Com~unications ·. Conservation

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

0 Industry

0 Invention

0 Landscap"

Architecture

0 Literature

0 Military

0 Music

0 Political

fi R.,ligion/Phi-

losophy

0 Science -, L . Seu lpture

D Socia I/Human-

itorion

[~J Theater

n Transportation

[j 20th (.,ntury

.----~ Urban Planning

C Oth"r (Specif\-)

St. John's Church, Broadcreek, is an important mid-ei0htcenth century ecclesiastical structure. The barrel vaulted ceiling with its intricate support system and the bell hipped roof comprise two of the elements which give this church archi­tectural distinction. The plain, box-like exterior wit~ t~e southern entrance, aives the structure a domestic ap~ear3ncc indicative of the L~w Church religious attitudes of-the Age of Enlightenment. The addition of a porch formalizing the west entrance and tb-e permanent closing of the south door predictabl:v occurred in the nineteenth century concurrently with the Gothic Revival and with increased religiosity. The stained glass windows provide another instance of physical changes to conform with current ecclesiastical attitudes. The present restoration reflects not a change in religious attitudes but rather the growing public interest in the preservation of eighteenth century, "colonial'' structures.

The pLesent structure is the fourth building on the same site. The vestrv records contain the specifications for each of the churches which enables the precise dating of the extant St. John's to 1767-1768.

In 1692 when Maryland became a royal colony with an estab­lished church the assembly created several parishes including King George which stretched from Charles County to Pennsylvania.

The fir~~ vestry meeting occurred the next year at the home of Colonel John Addison, founder of the prominent Prince George's County family. Within two years the parish had constructed the first St. John's Church.

In 1710 John Fraser became the first priest at St. John's Church. Previously, the parish had been served either b'' lay readers or hy incumbants from neighboring parishes. Reverend Fraser's reply to a query from the Bishop of London in 1724 gives a brief picture of the parish at that time. There were 400 families with 1200 taxables in an areci of

(Sec Continuation Sh0el V2) ~------------ -------·---------- - ----

I I

.· Form 10-JOOa (July 1969)

(Number all entries)

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

l'U.TIOMAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY. NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)# 2

#8 Significance (Continued)

PG:80-7

STATE

Marv land COUNTY

Prince Geo:i:-cie' s FOR NPS USE ONLY

ENTRY NUMBER I CA-;- E

ahout 900 souare miles. Service was hela three Sundavs a mnnth at Broadcreek, one Sundav a month at a chapel, one v:eekoa·.r ,, : "the neP settlement II and- another v·eekday from Easter tr Michaelmas at ''another corner of mv Parish inconvenient to Church or ··Ch ape 1. 11 In addition, he reported that he h ~a accented the parish only hecause of his ''wife's real est2te being in the parish." (His wife, the former Ann Smallwcir:i6, had inherited "Blue Plains" near Oxon Hill.)

Henrv Addison, a descendant of Colonel Joseph Addison, became the second minister in 1742. His tenure is.noted for the con­struction of the present St. John's Church as well as improve­met of h:o ch ape 1 s of ease: the Upper Chapel (St. Mat the1··' s Church, Seat Pleasant) and the Lower Chapel (Christ Church, Accokeek). Addison's Anglicanism extended into politics. Forseeing a cc~flict he returned to Enoland on September 10, 1775. His nephew, Walter Dulanv Addison, of similar reliaiou~ but not oolitical leanings, became rector of St. John's after the Revolution. The vounger Addison was the first rriest ordained in ~merica by Thomas John Claggett, the first Episcopal bishop consecrated in the United States.

,,

..__ ___ --------------- ------------------- - . --- ---r,j' '' •1,'l-l •1

! I

PG:80-7

l.•·1 M::::J:Bolh:on;;us~::,:::: ~ ::·:_--=:=--~-:_:_:_~-c::::-a_P_l_a_:_~_:_:--,-s_o_f __ P_i_s-=c,--a...,,t_a_w_a~y_a_l_i_· _a_s____:S:._t_. Parish. Copy of mss. at St. John's (Broadcreek)

--~--~~~~-

Heinton, ~ouise. Prince George's Heritage. ~aryland Historical Society, 1972.

Baltimore: The

Wilfong, James. 1969, pp.

"Salubria." 17,32.

Prince George's Post. 24 April

10. GEOGRAPHICAL OAT A I I

~~~~~~~~~~~~-....J

! ---- ----- -----

LA.TITU[")E A.._,C' LC'INGIT'JDE COORDINATE5 LATITU::E AND L0NG1TUOE. COORDINATES I DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PRQcFRTY 0 DEFINING Tl-1L- C...t:.r .. T:::..R POJN 1 OF A ::=inoµERTY

·- R,___ _9F_L~S5 THA~t-:! _!_£~-~ -----4 :coRNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONG! TUDE ;

i Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Second> Degrees Minutes Seco~ds ! NW 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 " I 38 45 18 77 00 0-l

' NE 0 . 0 . I

I

I SE 0 . 0 . J SW " . 0 . I

APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: three acres ' 1 .... IST ALL STATES AND COUN Tl ES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOU~..IOARIES -, STATE: CODE COUNTY

I c~-,~1

I

~!~ -- -- - ----- -STATE: CODF. COUNTY·

! STATE: CODE COUNTY: COL·E:. i

I STATE: CODE COUNTY: ~~

fll. FORM PREPARED BY NAME AND TITLE.:

CRGANIZAT\ON !DATE

26 July ~ l~

I

I

Christopher Owens, Park Historian

.Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Comm. !STREET ANC NUMBE"P\:

8787 Georgia Avenue ---~-~--

I COid CITY OR TOWN: STATE

Silver Spring Maryland 24 \ 12. STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICAllON NATIONAL REGISTER VERtFICATION

As the designated St<Jte Liaison Officer for the Na-I hereby certify that this property is inrluded in thP

tional Historic Preservation Act of lqh6 (Public Law

l 89-665). I hereby nominate this property for inclusion N«tional J<e-gister

in the National Register and certify that it has been

I PValuated according (6 the c·iteria and procedures set

f~rth by the ~ational Park Service. The recommended Direcror, Office of Archeolo~y and H1stor1c Prescn·at1nt1

I level of significance of this nnnunation is:

National . I State iJ(, 1.dl·al I I l _.

I i I>:.1~e

Name

Orlando Ridout IV ATTEST:

Title State Historic Preservation off('er Kee(>Pr o( Tl1e Nation,./ Re('.i.,f«r

Date ~u_~-~-...d--7£ r,a I<' -------r.1·<1•11J.11•1.1

m

m

z.

-f

:::0

c:: n

-f

0

z

"', r • ,\)I I I. I

;, , ....... : "-

-· ,

~-'-, l .• ~ - . ~.Jones Point . ~-')'~ r ":". . .- ... -- -·

-'

I I

I

In<lian Queen Point

Oueeri. (_ · ...

·---.,

74

~:'t\ - , -\'. I

' ' \ I' \

../ ' ' <--, '. \ /.•I

.'-

Creel.:

\ ;

\ .. PG:80-7

...... -

\ "

~ r- 42q1::i.: •. ~ N

:-c •. - :I. (Qt. 38. 0 '-/5 I I 8 11 -·----- - -------

------·--·-~ 38°45" ,., /•Ji i • '' l!' i t 1 T . M ~) } • , .·, <:, c•:-, .r

'.I 1 1 /· ' ' , : ; t. ~ Ir . ~ ~

Hea:y dutv

r,~ cd' ,, fT'· duty

I •• ~'' ALEXANDRIA, VA.-0. C.-MD. N3845-W7700/7.5

1965

-

PRINCB GEORGE'S COUN7Y

~ISTORIC SITES St:~-::·1ARY SHEET

P.G. County Survey ¥ 80-7 Date 1722, 1766

Building ~a::-:e St. John's Church, Broad Creek

Location 9801 Livingston Road, Oxon Hill, Md.

Open to Public x yes IlO I"\· '_ i r , , + ·

St. John's Church is a Georgian style, rectangular brick

structure laid in ?lemish bond, ·;1i 'th a hipped roof which flares

out at the o::E.ves. On the west facade a small, square, gabled porch

extends over the main entrance. A double door forms the central

bay on the south £'acade. ':'.:his was the main entr~mce originally.

Centered on the east facade are 1;·,·10 twelve-over-nine ?1indows which

have recently renlaced a circular stained glass window ·.vhich

was installed in 1910. J:lhe north .facade is four bays wide with

one twelve-over-nine light window in each bay.

Piscataway ?arish, na:: lrnowr~_::>s King George's, w-as established

in 1692, as one one of the thirty original Church of ~ngland

parishes in Maryland. A frame stru.cture was ouil t at Broad Creek

in 1695, w·hich burned some time later, to be replaced by a second

frame church in 1790. I'hat building also burned. In 1722, the

first brick church ·:as built. In 1766 and 1768, that building ·.vas

enlarged and remodeled to the present dimensions.

The first resident rector, John Fraser, was appointed in 1710

and was followed by Henry Addison in 1742. Addison's Loyalist

sentiments caused him to go to England in 1775. His nephew,

Walter Dulany Addison of Oxon Hill I.fa.nor, became rector in 1801,

the first Episcopalian priest to be ordained in America by 'I'hornas

John Claggett, first Bishop of I'.Iaryland 9

:z 0

17632-'SllOf /4~ cl F1 - 7 -z_-0 --

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST WORKSHEET

NOMINATION FORM for the

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES, NATIONAL PARKS SERVICE

IL -~ ----------NAJ.\E

l':O'-HAON'

:.0,0R H'HOR<O• ~ . St. John's {Byoadcreek) of the Protestant E_P..;i-scooal Ch. l2. LOCAT!.)N ·----r--

STREET ANC' NUMBER'

9801 Livingston Road ----CITY OR TOWt..!:

Ox on Hill SYA.TE ICOuN1·v,

MarYl_and Prince GeQ_rae 's µ.-C-LASS!F!CAT10N ----

CATEGORY O~'NE RSH IP STATUS

ACCESSlflLE

(Check One) TO THE PUBLIC

0 Diatrict a Building D Pvblic Publ;~ Acquisition:

I~ Occupied Yu:

0 Sit~ 0 Structure

1~ Priva~• 0 In Process. Unoecu;.1.,d a Restricted

D Object Bo1.0., D BeonD Con•idered I 0 Pruervgtion w<-<k 0 U11t~1trictod

D N" 1n pro9r•s1

u-PnESENT USE (Ch~ck Ono or More ••Appropriate)

I -0 Agri cv lturol 0 Go\l'ernme"! 0 Perk 0 Tr.:.inspc.rtcificn 0 Coir.rnenh -0 Comr.'•orciol 0 Industrial 0 Priv('l.t• R•sid•nc• 0 01h•1r (S,?,.clfy)

0 Ed~cationol 0 Milito•r Ii Re!igio'JI

0 En1er 1ainment 0 Museu>r 0 Scienlific ------- I

fT o~·O-F PROPERTY -·- =-i l'INE.R'S N.A"'E.: ~

Vestry of Kina __ George Par_i_s_h--,-_~~--------------. _ STHECT AND SUMBER:

9801 Livingston Roaft=-~-c•Tv 0R Tow1 .. ., !STATE' 1·---~-41·

OxoI}- _Hill_ _ _ __,.__ ___ 1'1.ill,;yJ&.mL ___ _,..____ ,,- -1

tu

i.U

-------------~-- -- -~---·

;;'(, 1·· l.OCAT!OU OF LEGAL DESCR!PTION ;;. ------------------COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS. ETC:

Prince George's County l

Courthouse STREET AND NUMBER:

CITY OR TOWN' l sTATE Marv land I Upper Marlboro ._Title ReferenGe of Current Id~-"'d (BQ9k & Pg~ #} • o .. ~EPRES!:NTATION N EX STIHG SURYE'fS ,. ~--,----- I -------------TITLE OF 5UnVEY:

Historic American Buildings Survey DATE OF SURVEY: 1936

.-0 fedora I 0 State 0 Covnly 0 Local

bEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS:

Library of Congress srRl':ET AND NU .... BER'

-1st St., S. E .• between E. Capitol St. and Indef'.endence

CITY OR TOWN: !'TATE: I Ave.

Washingtor~..R- C.

----·-- --------

-

PG:80-7 ·

17. DESCRl?TION

CONDITION El Good 0 Fair

(Check On~)

0 Oeterioruted' 0 Rvins 1----------(cl,-.,-ck ___ o __ n_e_) ------.,..,--------(C_h_•_ck_O_n-•) ______ _

Ill Alt•red 0 Uncltered 0 Moved llill O.i9inol Site

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT' •D ORIGINAL (If known) PHY~ICAL APPEARANCE

The building is a rectangular brick structure with a bell-hipped roof. The main (west) facade has a small, straight-gabled porch with two arched openings along the flanks and an arched entranceway; it is a later addition to the structure. - 'rhere are two windows flanking the porch on the main and balcony levels of the facade; these too are believed to be later additions. The north sidewall is four bays; the window openings are square-headed with the regular Flemish bond coursing of the walls carried over them without relieving arches. The south sidewall is three bays, the center bay being u double doo:r; all openings are square-headed with segmental relieving arches infilled with brick between the base of the arch and the window frame. At the east end, a round window has replaced the original square-headed opening; patchwork for the former window shows it to have had a relieving arch like those on the south wall. A boxed cornice with bed moulding runs around all facades.

The interior is a single l_arge rectangular space with a balcony at the west end; the ceiling and wall plaster have been removed as part of the restoration now being carried out. The exposed brick walls have nailers for furring strips at points about 1/3 and 2/3 of the distance from the floor to the wall plate. The openings have wooden lintels (except where they have been replaced by thinner metal strips over two windows on the north facade.) Three large tie beams, mortised into the wall plates, divide the space into four "bays"; the beams were once plastered, although more recently they were boxed and are now exposed.

The balcony at the west end is supported by tie beams and posts. A beam across the west wall supports the bal­cony's floor joists, which extend across the beam and are also mortised into the west wall. Another beam supports the east end of the balcony; it is mortised into the side­walls and is also supported by posts. The floor joists of the balcony are exposed and beaded on both edges. The balustrade consists of stiles and raised panels. The pre­sent balcony replaces an earlier one that projected farther into the room at a slightly higher level; mortises for the tie beam and floor joists for this earlier balcony are visible in the brick-work.

m m

z

c:: n -I

0

z

PG:80-7

--~O":-:-:=-:-::-:=c:-::-::-.--~~~~~~~-~--~~~~~-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .......... li...7_. r-D_E..:...S_C_R_I ?_T_l_O_N _ _,-----· __ ~-""'"·--· -_, -..._-_ .. _. _." _,,, ·; .;· ·:

(Clieck One)

0 Good 0 Foir, 0 De1eriorott1d-: 0 Ruin• 0 ·Unexpo•ecl 0 Excellent CONDITION

(Check One) , , (Check One)

0 ,Al!erecl, , 0 Uncl:erecl - 0 Moved 0 Original Sile

DESCRIBE THE PRESEHT # •D OHIGINAL (If known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

The present brick and concrete floor is of recent I date. The only surviving- evidence for the_original floor level is the thickening of the west wall by about six inches near the base; .the shelf .thus.created probably carried the original floor joists. ·Al though the floor under the balcony has been lowered, the floor of the sanc­turary (a step higher than that under the balcony) is prob­ably about at the level of the original floor. The double doors on the south wall had to be shortened when the present floor was installed, suggesting this earlier alteration at some date when the original floor was lowered.

The roof framing employs a principal and common rafter system, with the three principal rafters over the tie beams and five common rafters between· the pri.ncipals. The principal rafters are notched· on the outside edge at mid­point and the single purlin sits in the notch. Angle

, braces are mortised and tenoned into the principal rafters near their bases and_ then into the lower side of the purlins. Common rafters run from the plate to the ·purlin and from the purlin to the ridge. The lower run are mortised into plate and lower side of purlin; the upper run are mortised into the upper side of the purlin and are half-lapped and pegged at the ridge~ Collars are half iapped over both principal and common rafters just above the purlin. On the end hips, all the rafters are common and are mor­tised into either side of the purlin and run from plate to purlin and from purlin to angled end rafters, which are mortised and tenoned together at the ridge.

The supporting members for the vault spring from inside the-wall plate. They are suspended from the collars at three points by rough-cut boards nailed onto both the collars and arches. There is one arch for each principal and common rafter. On the end walls, where the vault angles .inward, furring strips are nailed directly into the rafters.

The congregation, with Orin Bullock as a consultant, is currently ~orking on restoring the church. A new roof, replasteriri~ the vauft, and a new exterior cornice of

___ Georgian design are the first elements of_ the restoration work. Eventually, the congregation hopes to replace the .balcony with one conforming to the original dimensions

m m

z

0

z

PG:80-7

~~CRl?_:!~~N--,-~~~~-~'"="........,......,..... ........ ,_,.,.~'-·+··1~~~,~-----"-~~-··--·--~·,_··~~··_--_,~·-~:.....,,_'-'--~--~~~~~~~· ...... --'

I (Check On~)

[:J Excellenl 0 Good 0, f=air., .0. D•r•rior•I•~ >----------(Check One) .-, ~;. · - ~ · 1 ··

. 0 Altere::! . D Un:ltered '.:; .- _ .

1-D-E-.S-C_R_IB_E_T_H_E_P_R~ESENT; •D ORIGINAL (If known) PHVSoCAL. APPEARA1<~E

0 Rui'ls 0 ·Unexpoud CONDITION

(Check One)

0 Odginal !>it• .. 0 Moved

and restore the interior as far as the remaining evidence will allow·. The work is being done by church members, who are carefully· checking t.he- remaining fabric for clues of former __ ()_f>p~a:i:-anc~_ -~~...J:.h~Y.. remove _exii:;_ting elements.

·:., .,

~ I -: -' } •

1,. ~ : .. _-.

; '. t :-~· ,.·· ·-

~. • ·..: i

f:.:i •• ,: ,.·

-· - - _. .ti:~') . I

-- - -- - -- - -- ------ --

m m

z

c n -f

0

z

I " ,-'

i

%

0

t­

u -t-

z

w w

-

PG:80-7

PERIOD (Check One or More ao Appropriate)

0 Pre-Columbian 0 16th Century

O 15th Century 0 17th Contury

SPECIFIC DATEISI (lfAppllcable and Known)

AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or Mere•• Appropriate)

Aboriginal 0 Education

0 Prehistoric: 0 Engineering

D Historic 0 Industry

0 Agric:u lture 0 Invention

0 Archit&cfure D Londscop•

0 Aft Architectur•

0 Commerce 0 Literature

0 Communicotion1 0 Military

0 Conservation 0 Music

STATEMENT OF !>IGNIFICANCE

0 0

0 0 0

0 0

0 15th Century

0 19th Century

Political

Religion/Phi.

losophy.

Science

Sculpture

Socia I/Human-

it orion

Theater

Transportation

0 20th Century

0 Ur_ban Planning

0 Oth•r (Specify)

King George Parish was established in 1692 as one of the original four parishes of the Episcopal Church in Maryland. Known at that·time as Piscataway Parish, its boundaries were Mattawoman Creek, the Charles County line to the Pennsylvania line, the Pennsylvania line to the Potomac River, and the Potomac River to the mouth of Mattawoman Creek. On January 30, 1693, a vestry first met at the home of Col. John Addison at Broadcreek to build the first church, which was completed in 1695. Thirteen years later, a second frame church was built, its dimensions being 50 ft. by 24 ft. with a 13 ft. gallery. In 1722, the first brick church building was bµilt, costing 24,000 lbs. of tobacco, with John Lane contracted to erect the walls and John Radford, carpenter, to supply pews and build the gallery. In 1766, the vestry voted to contract with Mr. Clelland to rebuild the church, adding 14 ft. to the width by moving the south wall and 12 ft. to the length by moving either the east or west end wall. The building spec­ifications called for a rather thorough remodelling to give the building its present appearance. The remodelling, however, was evidently regarded as inadequate, since the following year the vestry decided to offer Mr. Clelland additional payment to take down the walls and construct a new building meeting the previous specifications.

The first rector, Rev. John Fraser, appointed to serve St. John's (Broadcreek) arrived in 1710. Previously, the parish had been served by lay readers or incumbants from neighboring parishes. Rev. Fraser, who had previously served at Port Tobacco and Durham parishes, was married to the former Ann Smallwood, who inherited "Blue Plains" near Oxon Hill; in a reply to a 1724 query from the Bishop of London, he reported that he accepted the incumbancy at St. John's only because of his "wife's real estate being in the parish." He also reported that the parish served 400 families with 1200 taxables in an area of over 900 square miles. He preachec

PS - 70Q

>

l t!'

:z 0

...... u

,...:::)

......

:z:

IJ.J

w

-

PG:80-7

/("S!GHIFICANCE ,._. PERIOD (Check One or More•• Appropriate)

0 Pre-Columbian 0 16th Century

0 1 Sth Century 0 17th Century

SPEC I Fl C DAT E(SJ (If Applicable and Known)

ARE,a.S OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One o• More •• Appropriate)

Aboriginal 0 Education

0 Prehiatoric 0 En;ineoring

0 Hi1toric 0 Industry

0 Agricuhure 0 Invention

0 Architecture 0 Londscop•

0 Art Architecture

D Commerce 0 literature

0 Communications 0 Military

0 Con1•rvotion 0 Music

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

0 0

0 0 D

0 0

0 18th Century

0 19th C<tntury

Political

Religion/Phi.

losophy

Science

Seu Ip lure

Socia I/Human-

it orion

Theater

Transportation

0 20th Century

0 Urban Planning

0 Or her (Specify)

three times a month at Broad Creek, one Sunday a month at a chapel, one weekday in "the new settlement", and another weekday from Easter to Michaelmas at "another corner of my Parish inconvenient to Church or Chapel."

The second rector of St. John's (Broadcreek); appointed in 1742, was Henry Addison, son of Thomas Addison of Barnaby Manor. During Rev. Addison's incumbancy, the present church building was completed, the Upper Chapel (Addison's Chapel, Seat Pleasant) was enlarged, reclapboarded, and repaired, and the Lower Chapel (Accokeek) was built in brick. But while the parish was growing in population and wealth under Rev. Addison's care, his incumbancy became increasingly precarious as the Revolution approached. Like his more vocal step-sister's husband, Rev. Jonathan Boucher of Queen Anne's Parish (St. Barnabas' Church, Leeland), Rev. Addison was a Tory and on September 10, 1775, both men departed for England, leaving St. John's without a rector for 10 years.

During the post-Revolutionary years, the former Anglican Church was reorganized to give the Vestry, as elected repres­entatives of the congregation, control over Church property and appointments. In 1783, John Dent, Richard Dent, Luke Marbury, Leonard Marbury, William Baker, William Barley, and Anthony Addison were elected vestrymen, with William Bayne, Sr. and John McDaniel chosen churchwardens. Rev. Joseph Messenger, the first rector elected by the vestry, arrived from St. Andrew's Parish, St. Mary's Co., in 1795. He was the last rector of St. John's to be licensed by the Bishop of London, for in 1792 Rev. Thomas John Claggett of St. Paul's Parish (Croom) was consecrated the first American Bishop and and the first Bishop of Maryland. His first ordination was that of Walter Dulany Addison, nephew of Rev. Henry Addison; he became Assistant at St. John's until 1805, when Rev.

PS - 70C

/ -~.,

:z 0

1-u

a:: I-

z

w w

[SiGNIFICANCE - PERIOD (Check One or More•• Appropriate)

0 Pre-Columbian 0 16th Century

0 15th Century 0 17th Century

sPECtFIC OATE(~J (11Appllceb1e and Known)

AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More•• Approprl•te)

Abor iginol 0 Educoti on

0 Prehistoric 0 Engineering

0 Historic 0 Industry

0 Agriculture 0 lnventi on

0 Archi lecture 0 Landscape

0 Aft Architecture

0 Commarce 0 Literotura

0 Communications 0 Military

0 Conservation 0 Music

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

0

• 0 0 0

0 0

Cl 18th Century

0 19th Century

Political

Religion/Phi-

losophy

Science

Seu Ip tu re

Socio I/Human-

it!!ricn

T heoter

Tronsportotion

0 20th Century

0 Urban Planning

0 Other (Specl ty)

Messenger's resignation resulted in Rev. Addison's appointment as rector. In 1809, he resigned to become first rector of St. John's (Georgetown), and two years later his brother-in­law, Rev. William Gibson, took over the parish.

By this time, the chapel at Accokeek h,ad been established as an independent church but without territorial jurisdiction and served initially by Rev. Ethan Allen of St. John's.

Throughout its history, St. John's (Broadcreek) avoided being torn assunder by the controversies that divided many churches. Although Rev. Henry Addison was forced to leave the country in 1775, he had never had to preach with loaded pistols on the pulpit as Rev. Boucher reportedly did. Even the Civil War did not split the churchi the attitudes of Dr. John Bayne are representative of the mediating attitudes of parishoners: ~lthough he protested admitting runaway slaves through Union lines, Dr. Bayne served as a surgeon with the Union Army, and remained a friend of Lincoln's Secretary of War, Stanton, as well as of Samuel Cox of Rich Hill (Port Tobacco) who assisted ~ohn Wilkes Booth escape from Washington.

PG:B0-7

PS - 709

PG:80-7 \

f!: ~JOR SIBLlOGRAPHl-CAL REFERENCES .. .•. , . .. ..

Vestry Minutes of St. George's Parish. Allen, Rev. Ethan. Historical Notes of Piscataway alias St. John's Parish. Mss. Heinton, Louise. Prince George's Heritage. 1972. Wilfong, James. "Salubria" Prince George's Post, April 24, 1969. (pp. 17, 32)

f 10. CEOCRAPH!CAL DATA

i~ ·-LATITUDE ANO LON<OITUOE COORDINATES LAT:TUDE ANO LONGITUDE. CUOROIN1'TES

DEFININ<O A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY DEFININ<O THE CENTER PO"'T OF A PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ACRES

CORNER: LA.TITUCE l ONGITUDE LONGITUDE ~

Degrees Minutes 5econd1 Degrees Minutes Second•

t-o:- LATITUDE grees Minutes. Seconds Degrees Minutes Ssconds

NW 0 . 0 . 0 . NE 0 . " . SE 0 . 0 . ~w Q . 0 .

APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMlt•ATED PROPERTY:

Acreage Justification: I

I

I

flL FORM PREPARED BY NAME ANO TITLE:

Christopher Owens, Park Historian ORGANIZATION

M NCPPC STREET ANO NUMBER:

8787 Georcria Ave. CITY OR TOWN: IS TATE

Silver Sorinq Marv land

µLl State Liaison Officer Review: (Off ice Use Only)

Significance of this property is: National D State D Local D

Signature

0 .

ID"T~l/19/73

I

-I

m m

z

-I -

:::0

c:: n -I

0

z V1

\.

Form 10·44!\ (5/62)

UJ N ;;; UJ ::;: -<( .,, u.. 0 1-UJ UJ :z:: .,, z 0 0 LlJ 0 0 -<(

LlJ al

>­<(

~ .,, :z:: Cl. < C' I (. I-

_a

...:. z -<(

z 0 I­<(

:<. ~ 0 u.. ~ _J -<(

1-z IJJ ::;: IJJ _J Cl. Cl. ::::> .,,

·-

1. STATE

COUNTY

Md PG

HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILD! NGS SURVEY

INVENTORY

TOWN VICINITY #48 sTREET No. 1601 Oxon Hill Rd. 2. NAME St. Johns Church

At end of Dixon Rd. ORIGINAL OWNER

0R1G1NAL usE Church DATE OR PERIOD c. 1723 STYLE

PRESENT OWN ER Episcopal Archdiocese PRESENT USE Church

ARC'HI TECT

BUILDER

WALL CONSTRUCTION Brick 3. FOR LIBRARY OF CONGRESS USE

NO. OF STORIES l story-high ceiling 4. NOTABLE FEATURES, HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND DESCRIPTION 'OPEN TO PUBLIC

Orig. King George Parish 1692? Tradition- George w. was here Several.Buildings-old church still complete hip roof-square diamond patterned slate shingles Flemish bond-some glazed headers Vactora~rr..stained glass windows original west entry with concrete and brick porch addition East front closed in-large circular stained glass window Large cemetery s1lrrounding-earl1est tombstone 1760

No danger

- , I

5. PHYSICAL CONDITION OF STRUCTURE Endangered

~ 6. LOCATION MAP (Pion Optional)

8. PUBLISHED SOURCES (Jiutltor, Title, Pave•) INTERVIEWS, RECORDS, PHOTOS, ETC.

I I

Interior Exterior

7.PHOTOGRAPH

9. NAME, ADDRESS AND. TITLE OF RECORDER

DA TE OF RECORD

'··

4 I

c

' ' ' ' '(

>

\

+ _.,

)

~l /

.•

GJ '-cl GJ

;3::

00 ::c 0 0 I 'd " :>;' . f-'·

• l""t1nn li'1/t'/i" :::i en

> rt

-~j f-' 1- Ill

en

...... 00

" ,Cf

ADC of Alexandria, Inc., 1 c

-. __ CREE~

! ~--1

Fort W1slliagto1

1993 0 G

PG: 80-7 H

\ ~-·t ,_ )~

(

I -~~) . 1 . .--.__,.

\_~ .., - I

-; Ho$·· I le .. , •. . · Island ·

· .io=-67 I • \ -:-~7 ;:o

7000 'EET -=

-

I

L

·. ' / I f ~ l I ~ ~

,,. ----1 WOODROW WILS()f'l,I

MEMORIAL BRIDGE '\,

' \, -, '\ ·-...... ~ ;',.

\ ... :\\'. \;--.. -~ ~- -~--+=·-~~~~

/ \_,

0\·

...

,_ ~

'!

/'-"-/~/' ...

/~VIRGINIA 1f QUADRANGLE LOCATION

ROAD CLASSIFICATION

Heavy-duty Light-duty

Medium-duty Unimproved dirt ========o

0 Interstate Route = U.S. Route C State Route

ALEXANDRIA, VA.-D.C.-MD. 38077-Gl-TB-024

1965

PHOTOREVISED 1983 BATHYMETRY ADDED 1982

OMA 5561 I SE - SERIES V834

"92

FEET Meters O

To c mul

Toe mu!·

5-

10·-

Virta , Alan 1984 Prince George ' s Count y , a Pictorial History .

Norfolk : Donning Company .

This old church, photographed in the 1930s, is SaintJohn's at Broad Creek, one of the oldest Episcopal churches in the oounty. There has been a church at Broad Creek since at least 1695; this one was built in 1766, incorporating part of an earlier church built in 1722. The par· ish which SaintJohn's serves was one of the thirty original Anglican parishes of Maryland, created in 169'2 when the Church of England was established in Maryland The church is presently un· dergoing a thorough restoration, a major portion of which is complete. Historic American Buildings Survey photograph; courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division

PG : 80- 7

185

• a

. ~

NAME ST. J'oH..os - 82'rltb cU.f;J!_

LOCATION 'ff~/ Llt111'JG~xJ £oi Fl\CADE W

PHOTO TAKEN lf/19/73 H.Ji>wYUL

f. 0. 86 -7

OX o IJ i11t.L /1d I

NAME sr. \S""oH~S - 8~/fD cRUK.. 1 & Ct. I

LOCATION 'f€v/ L/U1N6-~ Rd. oXolJ HILL /'{cf.. I

FACADE l\J

PHOTO TAKEN H/ 14/73 k.'DwyeL

• NAME

LOCATION 980/ l,IU1Ai6-S'~,V ,l!d. OXoAJ i/ILL ;(,U ;

FACADE fti£_

PHOTO TAKEN II ( ltf /7.3 ft . '})wyt..e_

NAME ?. b. 80 7 LOCATION 'J~O/ L/U f ~GSf?>,j u ox.o/IJ tl!lL, iid..

FACADE St..

PHOTO TAKEN f l /11/73 M.'bWY£

P. 0. BO 7 LOCATION Cf~o ( LI v1/\J6STDl\J /!d. OXoAJ ll!U., ,,4d

FACADE N

PHOTO TAKEN ti (I~ /7 3 /-t . l)v., yE/.J-.

NAME Si, ..JOl-tl\JS- f3it>IID CU£K- f . ~- 60 - 7 LOCATION Cf€o/ Lll/f/<Jt:JSf"D!U

1 fd.. OXoAJ /J/t..L

1 ~

FACADE £

PHOTO TAKEN u/ 1~/73 1lt .~yu_

NAME ( .J I

LOCATION tf€o/ uu 1AJ<%"77:r!J Rd OX.ol.J /ltu., Mel

FACADE N PHOTO TAKEN llj lq /73 f1.1> v.,YUL

NAME St. Yott/VS- f3&At> ~ f. 0. 80 - 7 LOCATION qgo; UV1AJGS/lJ~ J1L eJ)(t;AJ HtlL; /l1d.

FACADE £

PHOTO TAKEN 11(1'1/73 l"f.fbwyf,£_

NAME .ST. "JOHNS - t3£t>AD eut:K- p 0. ao- 7 LOCATION 98'0/ Llll ! NGS{oAJ !2cl. oxoAJ /lie.(_ ,,V.d.

I

FACADE S

PHOTO TAKEN 11 / ttf { 73 M -'i)l•.•vbL

NAME ST. J'l)HtvS - ~~ltb c.e.aK...

LOCATION q?ol t.,l()tAJ6.57ZM.I ~ O'XtJAl i/lt..t..1 N<L

FACADE /fcmfL ~M ~IJU:CAJ f

PHOTO TAKEN JI/ t9/73 M .0wYU-

NAME 51. :f OHNS BlDAt> <!llU P. C. 80~7

LOCATION (j~()/ l.ftJ1AJ6s731'J .Rd a.toAJ 11/U.1 He/

FACADE $/lt.CL>AJY - CAJtSI {A)/Ju.-

PHOTO TAKEN l!/1'1/73 ff .IJ~V&L