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Transcript of Pfizer
I. Company Profile
In 1849, cousins Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart founded Charles Pfizer & Company in a
red brick building in Brooklyn, NY. Pfizer Inc. (Pfizer), incorporated on June 2, 1942, is a
research-based, global biopharmaceutical company. The Company manages its operations
through five segments: Primary Care; Specialty Care and Oncology; Established
Products and Emerging Markets; Animal Health and Consumer Healthcare, and
Nutrition.
The Company’s diversified global healthcare portfolio includes human and animal biologic
and small molecule medicines and vaccines, as well as nutritional products and consumer
healthcare products. The Company's Animal Health business unit discovers, develops and
sells products for the prevention and treatment of diseases in livestock and companion
animals.
Primary Care operating segment includes revenues from human pharmaceutical products
primarily prescribed by primary-care physicians, and may include products in the therapeutic
and disease areas, such as Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular (excluding pulmonary arterial
hypertension), erectile dysfunction, genitourinary, depressive disorder, pain, respiratory and
smoking cessation. Examples of products in this segment include Celebrex,
Chantix/Champix, Lipitor, Lyrica, Premarin, Pristiq and Viagra. Revenues from
biopharmaceutical products contributed approximately 86% of its total revenues during
the year ended December 31, 2011.
Established Products and Emerging Markets operating segment comprises the Established
Products business unit and the Emerging Markets business unit. Established Products
generally includes revenues from human prescription pharmaceutical products that have lost
patent protection or marketing in certain countries and/or regions. This business unit also
excludes revenues generated in emerging markets. Examples of products in this business unit
include Arthrotec, Effexor, Medrol, Norvasc, Protonix, Relpax and Zosyn/Tazocin. Emerging
Markets includes revenues from all human prescription pharmaceutical products sold in
emerging markets, including Asia (excluding Japan and South Korea), Latin America, Middle
East, Africa, Central and Eastern Europe and Turkey.
Animal Health and Consumer Healthcare operating segment comprises the Animal Health
business unit and the Consumer Healthcare business unit. Animal Health includes worldwide
revenues from products and services to prevent and treat disease in livestock and companion
animals, including vaccines, parasiticides and anti-infectives. Consumer Healthcare includes
worldwide revenues from non-prescription products in the therapeutic categories, such as
dietary supplements, pain management, respiratory and personal care. Products marketed by
Consumer Healthcare include Advil, Caltrate, Centrum, ChapStick, Preparation H and
Robitussin.
Nutrition operating segment includes revenues from a line of infant and toddler nutritional
products sold outside the United States and Canada. Examples of products in this segment
include the S-26 and SMA product lines, as well as formula for infants. Nutrition products
include infant milk formula brands for newborns and toddlers: Gold line includes brands S-26
and/or SMA (brand names vary slightly from country to country), and in 2011, the Company
launched its super-premium Illuma brand.
2000
Pfizer and Warner-Lambert merge to form the new Pfizer, creating the world's fastest-
growing major pharmaceutical company.
William C. Steere
Hank McKinnel
2001-2006
Jeff Kindler
2006-2010
Ian C. Read
2011-Now
PFIZER’S TIMELINE
THE LEADERS
2001
William C. Steere, Jr. announces his retirement as CEO on January 1, 2001. Henry A.
McKinnell, Jr., Ph.D. succeeds William C. Steere, Jr. as Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer.
In June 2001, Hank McKinnell announces a new mission for Pfizer—to become the
world's most valued company to patients, customers, colleagues, investors, business
partners, and the communities where we work and live
2002
Pfizer becomes the first U.S. pharmaceutical company and first top-ten company on the New
York Stock Exchange to join the U.N. Global Compact. Pfizer invests an industry leading
$5.1 billion in research and development
2003
Pfizer invests more than $7.1 billion in research and development.
2004
On April 16, 2003 Pfizer Inc and Pharmacia Corporation combine operations, bringing
together two of the world´s fastest-growing and most innovative companies.
2005
Pfizer Inc is selected by Dow Jones and Co. to be included in the Dow Jones Industrial
Average, which is the best-known stock market barometer in the world.
2006
In July 2006, the Pfizer Board of Directors names Jeffrey B. Kindler Chief Executive Officer.
Kindler succeeds Hank McKinnell, who will remain Chairman of the Board until his
retirement in February, 2007.
2007
Pfizer launches an online site to provide up-to-date, user-friendly information on the status of
its U.S. post-marketing commitments - studies conducted after a medicine receives regulatory
approval and designed to provide additional information about the medicine's safety, efficacy
or optimal use. This initiative is the first of its kind for a pharmaceutical company.
2008
Jeff Kindler, Chairman and CEO of Pfizer, announces the next step in the company's
evolution and outlines the company's plan to establish smaller operating units designed to
enhance innovation and accountability, while drawing upon the advantages of Pfizer's scale
and resources. These customer-focused business units allow Pfizer to better anticipate and
respond to customers' and patients' needs, as well responds to changes in the marketplace.
2009
On October 15, 2009, Pfizer acquires Wyeth, creating a company with a broad range of
products and therapies that touch the lives of patients and consumers every day and at every
stage of life.
2010
Pfizer announces a diversified R&D platform named Pfizer Worldwide Research and
Development, supporting excellence in small molecules, large molecules and vaccine
research and development. As apart of the acquisition of Wyeth in 2009, Pfizer initially
implemented a two-division structure for research and development (BioTherapeutics and
PharmaTherapeutics) to ensure the progress and steady integration of both legacy
organizations. Due to the speed and effectiveness of that integration, Pfizer progresses to this
new model while maintaining the same breadth and research programs.
2011
On January 31, the Company acquired a 92.5% interest in King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (King).
On February 28, Pfizer acquired the remaining interest in King. On August 1, 2011, the
Company completed the sale of its Capsugel business.
In October, it acquired Icagen, Inc.
In December, the Company acquired the consumer healthcare business of Ferrosan Holding
A/S.
In December, the Company acquired Excaliard Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
COMPANY ADDRESS
Pfizer Inc
235 East 42nd Street
NEW YORK NY 10017-5755
P: +1212.7332323
F: +1302.6555049
OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVES
Name Title
Mr. Ian C. Read Chairman & Chief Executive Officer
Dr. Olivier
BrandicourtPresident & General Manager-Emerging Markets
Mr. Frank A. D'Amelio Chief Financial Officer & EVP-Business Operations
Mr. Sarma Vadlamani Senior Scientist-Research & Development
Ms. Polly Murphy
VP-Business Development, Research &
Development
OVERALL
Beta: 0.74
Market Cap (Mil.): $203,281.91
Shares Outstanding (Mil.): 7,185.64
Dividend: 0.24
Yield (%): 3.39
FINANCIALS
PFE.N Industry Sector
P/E (TTM): 22.46 27.99 27.84
EPS (TTM): 1.26 -- --
ROI: 6.04 5.89 5.73
ROE: 11.62 7.57 7.22
COMPETITORS
COMPETITORS Price Change
The Procter & Gamble Company (PG.N) $77.58 +0.47
Johnson & Johnson (JNJ.N) $79.45 +0.59
GlaxoSmithKline plc (GSK.L) 1,507.00p -11.50
Novartis AG (NOVN.VX) CHF67.25 0.00
Sanofi SA (SASY.PA) €77.21 -0.61
Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK.N) $44.12 +0.42
AstraZeneca plc (AZN.L) 3,048.50p +8.50
Abbott Laboratories (ABT.N) $33.81 +0.27
Eli Lilly & Co. (LLY.N) $55.30 +0.51
Bristol Myers Squibb Co. (BMY.N) $39.87 +0.53
II. Case Overview
Four previous letters to shareholders are presented in this case study:
In the 2000 annual report, former CEO Bill Steere discussed Pfizer’s rise to
industry prominence with the acquisition of Warner-Lambert and his pending
retirement.
In the 2003 annual report, new CEO Hank McKinnell discussed Pfizer’s
performance goals and its acquisition of Pharmacia, which gave it control of anti-
arthritis drug Celebrex.
In the 2005 annual report, McKinnell discussed his decision to keep Celebrex on
the market with “black box” health warnings.
In the 2006 annual report, Kindler, who replaced McKinnell as Pfizer’s CEO in
July that year, wrote his first letter to shareholders. This was a difficult letter.
Notwithstanding Pfizer’s disappointing financial performance, McKinnell had
retired with a compensation package of almost $200 million, triggering protests
from the media, public interests groups, and shareholders.
And In February 2009, Pfizer had agreed to acquire Wyeth for $68 billion—an acquisition
aimed at building both Pfizer’s pipeline and shareholder value.
III. Analysis of 2000 Annual Report
Several years earlier, Pfizer made a deal to co-market Lipitor, a blockbuster new anti-
cholesterol drug developed by Warner-Lambert. Lipitor played a crucial role in Pfizer’s
progression from a small chemicals company to a global pharmaceutical powerhouse. Pfizer
reaped 40% of Lipitor profits and Lipitor’s sales estimated would pass $10 billion.
In November 1999, American Home Products announced $72 billion merger with Warner-
Lambert. Pfizer immediately countered with a higher offer and after months of intense
negotiation Pfizer prevailed with an acquisition price of $90 billion. The New York Times
called it “one of the drug industry’s nastiest takeover battles”.
Why did Pfizer acquire Warner-Lambert?
When American Home Products announced $72 billion merger with Warner-Lambert,
Pfizer’s revenue from Lipitor was threatened. According to analysts statements Pfizer
immediately acquired Warner-Lambert mainly for the cholesterol-
lowering drug Lipitor, which went on to become the world's best-selling
drug. But according to Pfizer’s judgment, the acqusition will accelerate Pfizer’s growth and
pfizer’s post-merger pipeline not only benefited from full control of Lipitor, but also from
Warner-Lambert’s chest of successful consumer products, including well-known brands such
as Benadryl, Halls, Listerine, Lubriderm, Schick, Sudafed, and Visine.
Pfizer accounted for the Warner-Lambert acquisition using the “pooling-of-interests”
method. But on April 21, 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board banned the
pooling-of-interests method.
Pfizer achieved total reported revenues of $29.6 billion,
representing 8% growth over 1999. Revenue increases
becase of sales volume growth of Pfizer in-line products
and revenue generated from product alliances. Net income grew 25% to $6.5 billion,
excluding certain significant items and merger-related costs.
Pfizer’s 2000 human pharmaceuticals revenues increased 10% to $24.027 billion, inluding
the effects of foreign exchange and the withdrawals. And Pfizer’s 2000 consumen products
increased 1% to $5.547 billion.
Eight of Pfizer products achieved global revenues of at least $1 billion each. The eight
billion- dollar products—Lipitor, Norvasc, Celebrex, Zoloft, Zithromax, Neurontin, Viagra,
and Diflucan—represent 74% of Pfizer’s human pharmaceutical revenues. Celebrex, one
discovered and developed by Pharmacia and copromoted by Pfizer, remained the number one
branded antiarthritic medicine in the world. But still, Lipitor remained the largest-selling
medication in the world for cholesterol reduction with 2000 sales exceeding $5 billion.
In 2000, Pfizer invested $4.4 billion in research
and development, and this year Pfizer expected to
boost that total to approximately $5 billion—more
than any other company in any industry.
Eventhough 2000 was the worst year for stocks
since 1981, Pfizer ended the year with a market
capitalization of $290 billion, representing a 44%
increase over 1999.
Pfizer accounted for the Warner-Lambert acquisition using the “pooling-of-interests”
method. It would be much different with the more common “purchase” method. Pfizer
would have been required to record the full purchase price of $90 billion as an asset and
charge the excess of purchase price over assets acquired (“goodwill”) as an expense in future
accounting periods. By avoiding goodwill write-downs, the pooling method would allow
Pfizer to show higher profits in future years. In addition, return-on-asset and return-on-equity
ratios would be calculated with a deflated denominator.
Return On Equity = Net Income/Shareholder’s Equity
= $3.726 billion/$16.076 billion
= 24,8%
Return On Asset = Net Income/Total Asset
= $3.726 billion/$33.150 billion
= 11,11%
Some analysts expressed concern on Pfizer’s Warner-Lambert acqusition. They said while
the merger will allow Pfizer to extend its high-growth period, adding Warner-Lambert has
done little to address the underlying pipeline concerns.