PFD - scba
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Transcript of PFD - scba
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Basic FirefighterSCBA
Michael Corsello
Peyton Fire
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SCBA IntroOxygen Deficiency
Normally 21% Oxygen in air
Hypoxia occurs quickly
17% O2 impaired muscular activity
12% O2 dizziness, headache, rapid fatigue
9% O2 unconciousness6% O2 death within a few minutes
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SCBA IntroElevated Temperatures
Inhalation of heated air causes serious
decreases in blood pressureCan cause pulmonary edema
Damage is not immediately reversible
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SCBA IntroSmoke
Composed of minute particles suspended
in heated gasesParticles and gas may be irritating or lethal
Toxic Atmospheres
In addition to smoke, non-fire relatedenvironments can be quite hazardous
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SCBA IntroToxic Atmospheres
Many hazardous compounds are rated by
the NIOSH IDLH (Immediately Dangerousto Life and Health)
Toxic environments may be encountered inany situation, not just in a live fire
During salvage and overhaul, there may bea more hazardous environment then duringthe fire
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SCBA Intro
Some common fire
Related gases and
Their IDLH values
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SCBA IntroSCBAs or Self Contained Breathing
Apparatus are covered by NFPA and
OSHA regulations (NFPA1500 & 1404)Use of SCBAs are limited by air supplyand limitations of the wearer
Physical
Medical
Mental
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SCBA IntroPhysical limitations of the wearer
Fitness wearer must be in good physical
condition to maximize ability to functionAgility wearing an SCBA limits mobilityand balance
Facial Features the shape and contour ofthe face affects the seal of the mask
Facial Hair reduces ability to obtain a seal
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SCBA IntroMedical
Neurologic good motor skills are required
to operate effectively in an SCBAMuscular/Skeletal requires strength andsize to operate in an SCBA
Cardiovascular/Respiratory poor
cardiovascular health can lead to stroke orheart attacks, while respiratory healthlimits operation time in an SCBA
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SCBA IntroMental
Training wearer must be familiar with all
aspects of SCBA operation and useSelf-Confidence belief in ones ability hasa positive affect on actions to beperformed
Emotional ability to maintain self-controlin a high-stress environment minimizeserrors and lengthens time in an SCBA
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SCBA IntroLimitations of Equipment
Visibility the mask limits peripheral vision
and is prone to foggingCommunication the facepiece hindersvocal communication
Weight an SCBA adds 25-35lbs of weightMobility an SCBA reduces the freedom ofmovement in many ways
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SCBA IntroLimitations of Air Supply
A single bottle has a limited amount of air
Increased exertion drastically shortensbottle duration
Poor physical/mental condition shortens
bottle durationCylinder pressure before use determinesair supply
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SCBA Intro2 basic types
Open Circuit
Closed Circuit (rebreather)
Open Circuit is most common
Exhaled air is lost to the environment
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SCBA Intro
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SCBA Intro4 basic component assemblies
Backpack and harness assembly the frame and
straps holding everything togetherAir Cylinder assembly bottle, valve and pressuregauge
Regulator assembly high-pressure hose / low
pressure alarmFacepiece assembly lens, exhalation valve, headharness and possibly low-pressure hose
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SCBA IntroCylinder pressure gauge and remotepressure gauge should be within 100psi
Estimated Bottle Durations2216psi, 45ft3 30min
4500psi, 45ft3 30min
3000psi, 66ft
3
45min4500psi, 66ft3 45min
4500psi, 87ft3 60min
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SCBA IntroDonning
Before donning, perform all safety checks
Cylinder pressureGauge equilibrium
Harness and Facepiece assembly all strapsfully EXTENDED
Check all valves TURN ON CYLINDER BEFOREDONNING!!
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SCBA IntroMethods for Donning
Over-The-Head
Holding SCBA upside down, raise over headand allow to slide over the back, with armstraps falling into place over the shoulders
Helmet MUST be worn prior to raising SCBA
over headCoat Method
Put SCBA on as it were a coat or backpack
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SCBA IntroDonning the facepiece
Facepiece MUST make a positive seal with
faceSeal MUST be checked every timefacepiece is donned
All straps MUST be tightened and securedfully to ensure an effective seal
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SCBA IntroDoffing
Ensure that area is safe and SCBA is no longer
requiredDisconnect low-pressure hose or regulator
Remove the facepiece
Remove backpack
Shut off cylinder valveRelieve pressure from regulator
Extend all straps
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SCBA IntroMaintenance (NFPA1404 / NFPA1500)
SCBAs must be inspected after each use, weekly,
monthly and annuallyCheck cylinder pressure, gauge operation, low-pressure alarm, hoses / connections, facepiece,harness system and all valves
More detailed inspections monthly and annuallyHydrostatic testing
Steel/Aluminum every 5 yrs
Composite every 3 yrs
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SCBA IntroOperations
Confined Spaces
Stay lowIf unable to pass an obstruction, doff harnesswith facepiece in place while maintaining holdon regulator push SCBA FIRST, then follow
through re-don harness and tighten straps
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SCBA IntroOperations
All team members operate together, if one
person has to exit, everyone exitsDont hesitate to exit a scene if anythingseems unsafe as a team
The low-pressure alarm is the FINALindicator to leave
Ensure all team members stay together
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SCBA IntroSCBA Malfunction
In case of an SCBA regulator failure, breathe byoperating the bypass valve
Open the bypass, take a breath
Close the bypass to conserve air
With the entire team, get to safety
In case of a facepiece seal failure, start positive-pressure ventilation
Open the bypass far enough to push air out of the mask
With the entire team, get to safety
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SCBA IntroRemember
Safety First