Petur B Magnason BAS Portfolio
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Transcript of Petur B Magnason BAS Portfolio
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PTUR BLNDAL MAGNASONPORTFOLIO
BERGEN ARKITEKTHGSKOLE2010-2012
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CURRICULUM VITAE
PTUR BLNDAL MAGNASON
Born in Reykjavk / Iceland / august 19th 1985
EDUCATION
Bergen School of Architecture / 2006-2012
Technical College Reykjavik / 2005-2006
Student from Reykjavk Gymnasium / 2001-2005
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
Krads Architecture / Reykjavk / Internship / 2009-2010
MasterCard / Reykjavk / Consultation & collection /2007-2011
BYKO / Reykjavk / Paint & electricty department / 2002-2006
IT COMPETENCE
Adobe CS; Illustrator, Photoshop, Indesign, After Effects
Autocad architectural
Rhinoceros 4
Vpt 6 video projection tool
LANGUAGES - Icelandic (native), English(fluent), Norwegian (fluent), Danish (fluent), German(intermediat)
CONTACT
Address / Christian Michelsensgate 5, 5012, Bergen
Mobile / +47 97495676 / +354 848 4595
Email / [email protected]
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MASTER COURSES / 2010 - 2012
THROUGH OUT THE DIFFERENT MASTERS LEVEL STUDIOS AND WORKSHOPS AT BERGEN SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE I HAVE DEVELOPED TOOLS FOR APPROACH-ING CONTEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT, PHENOMENAS AND ISSUES OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM AT VARIOUS SCALES. IN MY TRAINING I HAVE FOCUSED ON DEVELOPING FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS TO USE VITAL INFORMATION FOR THE CONTEXT AND MATERIALITY TO REALIZE PROJECTS. WITH THIS PORTFOLIO I PRESENT MY WORK WHERE I HAVE USED DIF-FERENT TECHNIQUES OF PRODUCING RESEARCH BOOK, INSTALLATIONS, CON-STRUCTION OF UNCONVENTIONAL MATERIALS, HAND DRAWNED AND COMPUTER GENERATED ILLUSTRATIONS AND MODELS TO PRESENT THE PROJECTS.
PAGE 2 / CURRICULUM VITAE
PAGE 3 - 4 / INDEX
PAGE 5 - 20 / RETIREMENT BASE - NORTHERN LINES
PAGE 21 - 22 / GEOMETRY IN SPACE
PAGE 23 - 24 / RAMMED EARTH
PAGE 25 - 32 / FJARARALDAN BREWERY - EASTERN PROMISE
PAGE 33 - 34 / VISUAL STRUCTURE VII
PAGE 35 - 64 / EMERGING ARCTIC LANDSCAPES
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EASTERN PROMISE / FORCE MAJUERE
EMERGING ARCTIC LANDSCAPES
NORTHERN LINES GEOMETRY IN SPACE RAMMED EARTH
VISUAL STRUCTURE VII
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RETIREMENT BASEBASE BY: PTUR BLNDAL MAGNASONWITH SILJE KLEPSVIK AND ANDERS RUBING
NORTHERN LINES AUTUMN 2010
TUTOR:
DEANE A. SIMPSON
THE COURSE WAS A RESEARCH-BASED DESIGN STUDIO EXPLORING THE IMLPICATIONS FOR URBANISM AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE EXPANDINGCRUISE-SHIP INDUSTRY IN THE NORTH AND WEST OF NORWAY. IN THE DESIGN PROJECT IS THE FOCUS ON THE GROWING DEMOGRAPHIC OF RETIREES AT A GLOBAL AND REGIONAL SCALE. THE BASES OF THE PROJECT WAS THE TRENDS AND ISSUES OF RETIRED CRUISE-TOURISTS FROM THE RESEARCH PHASE OF THE STUDIO. RETIREMENT BASE IS A PROJECT EXPLORING HOW INTERNATIONAL MIGRATING AND SEASONAL BASED RETIREMENT CRUISE COULD IMPACT A NORWEGIAN VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE WITH THE LEISURE LIFESTYLE OF THE FOREIGN DWELLERS.
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NORTHERN LINES BOOKS - RESEARCH & DESIGN VOLUMESEXCERPTS FROM THE BOOKS DEVELOPED IN THE STUDIO PUBLISHED IN CONDITIONS MAGAZINE
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Global population older than 65
20% 5%
Amount of population over 65 years old.7
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0%-13.9%
14%-15.9%
16%-17.9%
18%-19.9%
Norway DemographyDevelopement - Elders
Norway population over age 65
Age
Income
Length of Cruise
Repeatingcruisers
18 million people go on cruise travel in 2010.
The average age of the cruise passenger is about 50 years old, and is getting younger and younger. About 10 percent of cruise passengers are under 26. On cruises to Norway the situation is however somewhat different, with the average passenger being closer to 70. These are frequent cruisers, with about 69 percent being repeat cruisers
Global cruise passenger vs. Norwegian cruise passengers
8
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141
3.03.01 Title Picture
FjordsRelaxingAll Inclusive
See lots of Locations
MediterraneanAlaskaBaltics
CaribbeanScandinavia
Different ReasonsServiceMediterranean FjordsMountains
ServiceComfort
Food
MediterranianScenary
Like itAll Very GoodNorway ViewsLovely Country
Good FoodExcelent StaffA smaller Ship
Norway ConvenienceComfortValue
Greenland
Name: Mr & Mrs InmanNationality: UKAge: 60+Gender:m/f
Name: Mrs. Evelyn MateerNationality: BritishAge: 83Gender: F
Name: Margrie LoweNationality: UKAge: 67Gender: F alone
Name:Patricia ArmstrongNationality: BritishAge: 71
Name: GlaisterNationality: BritishAge: 60 +Gender: M
Name: Sheila SimonsNationality: BritishAge: 65Gender: F , two friends
I
4.03.07 British couple II
4.03.10 British couple V
4.03.08 British couple III
4.03.11 British coupleVI
4.03.09 British couple IV
4.03.12 British couple VII
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
60-40-5920-390-19
Retirement home or cruise
Based on the fact that the world is aging at a un-paralled rate we are looking at growth of people over age 65. At the same time we are looking at a increasing growth of cruise tourists, and retired people being the largest demography, we work with a seasonal network for these clients in a ur-ban setting in Norway
Old age in Europe is not what it used to be. Tradi-tionally seniors had few alternatives. They stayed with their family, or those who were utterly alone would check into hospital-like residences. But now, adult children with demanding jobs are less inclined or able to care for parents. Seniors them-selves are demanding more independence in the lengthening, post-retirement stage of life.
Meanwhile, demographics are shifting: By 2050, people over 65 are forecast to make up one-third of the EU population, a jump from 16.5 percent today. As the old safety nets erode, European states are searching for formulas to reduce health care and retirement costs in the face of strong de-mand for services.
According to www.snopes.com, the average cost for a nursing home was $200 per day in 2005. Further comparison information was collected about Princess Cruise Ship reservations, which-showed the following: At Princess cruises you can get a long term discount and senior discount price of $135 per day. That leaves $65 a day.
The traditional care-giving scheme is breaking down, and that creates opportunities. Some coun-tries are offering incentives for traditional home care and experimenting with measures to limit expenses. In Norway the cities of Bergen, Brum and Oslo, have opened elderly residences in the south of Spain, where property is cheaper and the weather warmer.
In Norway are a number of vacant houses and ho-tels in shrinking cities that could be transformed to an alternative for Spanish elders to spent a part of their retirement in a Northern European setting
Tradional options for retirement
More options for retirement
Demography of cruise tourists
Retirement exchange program for retirement
9
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145
Links ReferencesSee Map: See Reference: References:www.snopes.com/travelwww.dailymail.co.uknews.bbc.co.ukwww.cruiselinehistory.comNothern lines (Simpson), Bergen, 2011
Each liner comes with its own morgueWith the number of people going on cruise travels worldwide reaching 18 million in 2010, death has become more common on the high seas. In case of death, the body will eighter be removed at the next port, or frozen and stored in the ships morgue for the duration of the cruise.
Beatrice Mullers retirement routeEquals to 5.5 million nautical miles
Increasing number of elderly peopleAccording to redorbit.com people at the age of 80 or older counted 69 million ( 1,1 % of the population) in 2000. In the year 2050, this number will have risen to 377 million, or 4,2 % of the population.
4.03.16 Beatrice Muller Gazing
4.03.19 Ball at Queen Elisabeth 2 4.03.20 The Queen at Queen Elisabeth 2 4.03.21 Dining Queen Elisabeth 2
4.03.17 Beatrice Muller with crew 4.03.18 Beatrice Muller in salon
4.02.07 The route of Queen Elizabeth 2
Cruise as retirement center
Eldreblge p vei
Mens det i 1950 bare var vel 8 prosent som var 67 r og over, er dagens andel vel 13. Men frst etter 2015 (nr de store etterkrigskullene blir pensjonister) vil denne andelen ke ytterligere, til 17 prosent i 2030 og 21 prosent i 2050. Andelen barn og unge under 15 r vil fortsatt synke, til om lag 18 prosent i 2050.
Eldreblgen skyldes bare delvis det faktum at vi blir eldre (flere p toppen av pyramiden); vel s viktig er de lave fdselstallene som betyr at det blir frre i bunnen. Og nr eldreblgen enn ikke helt har ndd oss, skyldes det bde at fruktbarheten i Norge fortsatt er relativt hy og at innvandrerne er unge.
Summer recidence: Norway
The norwegian summer season has a comfortable climate which is suitable for the elderly.
Winter recidence: Spain
Like the norwegian summer, the spanish winter season offers a comfortable climate for the elderly.
Transitional recidence
The transition between Norway and Spain between the seasonal recidences takes full advantage of the cruise not only as a transportation mode but also as a tourist media. The transition will function as a cruise vacation, offering a variety of destinations and itineraries.
Eldreomsorg: Fra institusjon til bolig
Den offentlige eldreomsorgen kan grovt deles inn i tre hovedsektorer: Institusjoner, boliger og hjemmetjenester. Siden midten av 1990-tallet har det vrt en klar vekst i antall brukere av kommunale pleie- og omsorgstjenester, noe som frst og fremst skyldes at flere n fr hjelp i hjemmet. Srlig har antallet som fr hjemmesykepleie kt. Ogs antallet plasser i pleie- og omsorgsboliger har kt kraftig.
Nr det gjelder institusjonsplassene (alders- og sykehjem), s har antallet slike plasser sunket noe de siste rene, blant annet som en flge av ombygginger for ke antallet enkeltrom (som n utgjr
95 prosent).
Penger p bok
Fordi oljeinntekten etter hvert vil avta og fordi et kende antall eldre vil fre til kte pensjons-, pleie- og omsorgsutgifter, er det opprettet et Statens pensjonsfond Utland (tidligere Statens petroleumsfond), som forvaltes av Norges Bank og bygges opp av den delen av oljeinntektene som ikke blir brukt over statsbudsjettet. Siden 1996 har fondet kt fra 48 milliarder kroner til vel 2 000 milliarder ved utgangen av 2007. Dette tilsvarer om lag 430 000 kroner per innbygger.
All-year retirement route and residence
Plug-in retirement home
The cruise ship becomes a plug-in structure in the universally designed ports. The ship itself is contrstucted or reconstructed to meet the demands and requirements for a retirement home.
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Servey seniors 2006According to a servey for seniors done in Norway 2006, elderly fear nursing homes more than death. The elderly fear failing health because they do not trust the public services within health and care-facilities.
In the servey it showed that seniors wish to spend time on friends and family. Social network was of great importance, together with travel, reading and walks in the nature. Cultural offers such as cinema, theatre and concerts were of high priority, together with eating and drinking well. It showed the seaniors also have a wish to learn something.
The landbased retirementThe land-based retirement offer takes in use abandoned houses and hotels. Due to tuff competition with the growing cruise tourism where all-inclusive offers is keeping the tourist onboard the ship, many hotels have gone out of business.
These hotels are now becoming a part of an retirement-programme that combines travel with
seasonal recidence. An inter-Europe exchange route is suggested, that allows the retirees to move according to seasonal comfort-zones. This can for instance be a route between Norway and Spain, where the abandoned hotels becomes retirement recidences during the norwegian summer season, while the retirees jumps on a cruise taking them to warmer Spain during norwegian winter.
Spring transition itinerary example: Caribbean
Departure Spain - Arrival Norway
Autumn transition itinerary example: Mediterrenean and the Baltic
Departure Norway - Arrival Spain
The transitional route:
Itinerary example thoughout one year.
Other Possible routes
Thermal comfort
jan desnovoktseptaugjuljunmayaprmarfeb
62 N
70 N
30 N
Latitude
Retirement cruise route Route timeline
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Tromso78.269 passengers
Geiranger 218.028 passenger
Flm142.608 passenger
Bergen282.500 passengers
When choosing a base location for a retirement cruise, we start by looking at the port of calls with a large number of visitors each year.
These four places have in common that they are close to the national infrastructure network. That is national highway, train system and airport.
Along the way to these ports are towns with a population comparable to an average population of a cruise ship.
Balestrand is an example of that kind of town with 1344 inhabitants, less than a day tour with a ship to Flm. Its located in Sogn & Fjordane, Europes longest fjord where the scenery is op-timal for cruise tourist that choose Norway as destination.w
BALESTRAND
FLM
Location for a retirement base
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Balestrand pop. 1344
Retirement cruise comesBleeds into town
Open areas and reprogamable volumes for retirement base
Connect the open areas with a contiunous path
Strategy for retirement base
13
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14
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ZZ
Z
Q
Q
K
K
A
A
Leisure activity program - Balestrand
15
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16
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Outdoor activityRetirement Infrastructure
Green area
N
1:1000
New infrastructure - Balestrand
17
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18
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c ZZ Z Potential cruise ports
B
A
C
Accessibilty into the town Evening sun - Summer
Remove houses - Relocate in new terminal Square Connect existing hotel over to the cruise ship
Opening the square into the terminal
Movement from the terminal to town
A
A
Retirement cruise square
19
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Cruise square section A-A
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
ZZ
Z
Local market
Steps / Path Outdoor caf
Bingosquare
LeisureLane
Terminalmixed use
Retirementcruise
Kviknehotel
20
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GEOMETRY IN SPACEWORKSHOPAUTUMN 2010
TUTORS:
ESTHER STOCKER
ABOUT:
THE IDEA OF THE WORKSHOP WAS TO DEFINE ELEMENTS OR STRUCTURE IN SPACE BY SHIFTING COGNITIVE STRUCTURE INTO AN AESTHETIC FIELD, AN EXPERIMENT INVOLVING OUR IMAGINATION. WE DEVELOPED SYMMETRICAL STRUCTURE OF SCAVENGED MATERIAL IN A LIMITED SPACE.
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RAMMED EARTHWORKSHOPSPRING 2011
TUTORS:
ESPEN FOLGERGRAN JOHANSEN
ABOUT:
THE MATERIAL COURSE FOCUSED ON THE METHOD RAMMING. ORIGINALLY THE RAMMED EARTH COURSE WAS GIVEN AS A INTRODUCTION TO THE SPRING STUDIO IN BURKINO FASO. DUE TO UNFORESEEN REASONS THE BURKINO FASO STUDIO WAS POSTPONED BUT THE MATERIAL COURSE WAS CONDUCTED IN A GOOD SPIRIT AND WAS AN EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPING IDEAS TO REALITY AND APPROACHING ALTERNATIVE METHODS IN THE ENVIRONMENT IN BERGEN. THE WORKSHOP GROUP WORKED COLLECTIVELY ON RESEARCHING CONDITIONS AND ACCESSIBILITY TO THE PROPOSED SITE IN BERGEN, FINDING THE MATERIALS, CLAY, SAND, PEBBLES AND STONES IN A LOCAL REACH. THE RAMMING AND BUILDING OF THE RAMMED EARTH WALLS TOOK PLACE AT BAS AND WAS INTENDED TO BE LOCATED IN THE CITY CENTER BUT DURING THE TRANSPORT THE WALLS FELL OF THE TRUCK AND WERE DESTROYED.
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FJARARALDAN BREWERYBY: PTUR BLNDAL MAGNASON
EASTERN PROMISE - FORCE MAJEURE SPRING 2011
TUTORS:
STEVE CHRISTERMARGRT HARARDTTIRKRISTINN E. HRAFNSSONESPEN FOLGER
ABOUT:
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDIO WAS TO LOOK AT PAST AND PRESENT INDUSTRI-AL DEVELOPMENT IN THE EAST REGION OF ICELAND. EL GRILLO WAS A BRITISH OILTANKER THAT WAS SUNK IN SEYISFJRUR DURING WWII. A BEER BEARING THIS NAME IS NOW BREWED IN REYKJAVK. WITH THE PROJECT A LOCAL TRADI-TION AND RECIPE IS INTRODUCED WITH FJARARALDAN BREWERY AND CULTURAL CENTER ON THE PRESENTLY DESERTED HARBOURFRONT, MORE APPROPRIATE TO THE ORIGIN OF THE PRODUCT. ESSENTIALLY THE BUILDING IS A WRAPPING OF THE BREWING PROCESS CROSSED BY A CULTURAL ROUTE THAT CAN BE ENJOYED AT MANY LEVELS INCLUDIN WALKT-THROUGH, PRODUCTION TOUR AND DRINKING EX-PERINCE. IN GOOD WEATHER THE PUBLIC AREASCAN OPEN ONTO A BOARDWALK. IT IS ANTICIPATED THE RICH MIX OF EXPERIENCE WILL APPEAL TO LOCALS, REGULAR VISITORS AND THE TOURISTS AS THEY ARRIVE BY THE INTERNATIONAL FERRY.THE BUILDING IS SIMPLE AND DIRECT WITH FORMS REMINISCENT OF THE INDUS-TRIALIZATION THAT ONCE OCCUPIED THE WATERFRONT OF THE TOWN. THE INTEN-SITY OF THE BUILDINGS IMAGE IS HEIGHTENED BY THE USE OF WEATHERED OF THE TIMBER SCAVENGED FROM DISMANTLED PIERS.
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N N
SEYISFJRURPOPULATION: 704
CENTRUM & RESIDENTIAL AREA
ACCESSIBILITY
LANDFILL FOR NEW PASSENGER PORT SINCE 2003
INDUSTRIAL & EXPORT AREA
1:100001:1000
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ENTRANCE TO RESTAURANT FROM SOUTH
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AA
ELEVATION 11:200
A
A
ELEVATION 21:200
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MALT/BARLEY SACKS
MALT/BARLEY GRINDER
GRIST HOPPER
HEATEXCHANGER
FERMENTATION14 -21 DAYS
FINISHED BEER
TAPPING - KEGGINGMASHING TUNCOOKING AT 66C
60 MINUTES
BYPRODUCT: BREWER-GRAINSANIMAL FOOD
FERTILIZER
BREW KETTLEBOILING 60 MINUTES
BREWING INGREDIENTS
MALT HOPS YEASTWATER
100 L 25 kg 150 gr
800 L 200 kg 12 kg
SECTION A-A1:200
30
BREWING PROCESS
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1-500N
CULTURE INDUSTRY EXISTING PARKINGLOT REUSED PIER31
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VISUAL STRUCTURE VIIBY: PTUR BLNDAL MAGNASON
WORKSHOPSPRING 2011
TUTORS:
SVEIN HATLYMONA ELISABETH STEINSLAND
ABOUT:
THE TASK WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE INHABITANTS RELATION TO BYBANEN IN BERGEN AND DEVELOPE INTERVENTIONS IN THE LOCAL COMMUNITIES AROUND EACH STOPS. THE WORKSHOP TOOK FOUR DAYS AND FOR EACH DAY WE GOT KEY WORDS TO PROCEED WITH: VALUES / OBJECTS OF INTEREST / ADOPTABILITY / CONTINUATIONTHE WORK AT KRONSTAD BYBANE STOP WAS CONDUCTED BY MAPPING AND COM-ING WITH VISUAL ANSWER WITH THESE KEY WORDS
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RETORIENTING BIDJOVGGIBY: PTUR BLNDAL MAGNASON & ERLEND ANDREASSEN BOLSTADWITH SILJE GRD
EMERGING ARCTIC LANDSCAPES AUTUMN 2011
TUTORS:
GISLE LKKENMAGDALENA HAGGRDETONE BERGE
ABOUT:
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDIO WAS TO CREATE A PLATFORM FOR CRITICAL DISCUSSIONS ON THE CHANGES CURRENTLY TAKING PLACE IN THE ARCTIC RE-GION. WITH REORIENTING BIDJOVGGI THE FOCUS WAS ON THE CONFLICT OF CON-TRADICTING INTERESTS IN THE SMI TERRITORIES IN FINNMARK. THE LANDSCAPE HAS UNDERGONE DRAMATIC CHANGES THE LAST 30 YEARS IN FORM OFF USE OF ENERGY RESOURCES & DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE WHICH HAS INFLU-ENCED THE TRADITIONAL LIFESTYLE OF THE REINDEER HERDERS OPERATING AND MIGRATING IN FINNMARK. BASED ON FUTURE PLANS OF GOLD MINING OPERATION IN KAUTOKEINO MUNICIPALITY THE PROJECTS AIM WAS TO APPROACH THE ACTORS INVOLVED IN THE COMING TRANSFORMATION OF THE AREA, BOTH HUMAN AND NON-HUMAN, AND INTRODUCE AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO DISCUSS AND PLAN CHANGES IN BIDJOVGGI
WWW.EMERGINGARCTICLANDSCAPES.BLOGSPOT.COM
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REINDEER HERDING CHANGESDEVELOPEMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE
Winterpasture
Summer pasture
Reindeer husbandry migration
Planned windmill parks
Existing windmill parks
Hydro electrical power
Soil extraction sites
THE VULNERABILITYOF
OVERLAPPING FIELDS OF INTERESTS
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REINDEER HERDING CHANGESDEVELOPEMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE
Winterpasture
Summer pasture
Reindeer husbandry migration
Planned windmill parks
Existing windmill parks
Hydro electrical power
Soil extraction sites
Reindeer husbandry and
development
A reindeer herders main challenge is
to preserve their pasture land. The
future for reindeer husbandry in the
Barents region is highly dependent
on the availability of grazing land.
Extensive oil, gas and mining
development will likely lead to loss
of vital ranges, in particular coastal
summer pastures and calving
grounds.
Any vision of sustainability that is
related to the Arctic has to take
account of the knowledge and
lessons learned by those who
practice reindeer husbandry and
related subsistence activities in the
region.
Loss of grazing land
Physical destruction of habitat and
disturbance from developement
of infrastructure, including the
construction of artillery range,
buildings, hydro-electrical facilities,
windparks, pipelines, cabins and
etc has led to 25 % loss of grazing
land in the Barents Eura Arctic
region. Up to 35 % of the range in
the coastal area of Finnmark lost
because of that disturbance. That is
1% of the summer grazing land used
tradionally by Smi reindeer herders
along the coast of Northern Norway
is lost every year.
Preservation of grazing land is
one major task in response to the
warming in the arctic
Increased vegetation growth
as an response to the climate
change is also one reason for
loss of grazing land. For reindeer
grazing conditions, the increase in
temperature during summertime
will lead to more unstable winters
in continental areas, with a further
increased frequency of freeze-
thaw cycles and subsequent icing
of pastures. Summer pastures
may change from open to shrub-
vegetated land. Growing seasons
will become longer and plant
production increase. This can lead
to shift in migration routes and
calving grounds, reindeer starvation
and change in reindeer water
crossings.
Further development windmill
parks and mining. There are about
40 windmillparks planned for the
coast and highland of Finnmark
that can result in a distuburance for
reindeer husbandry in 2,5-5,0 Km
range. In Karasjok area there are
plans of mining pastures. Mining
companies have said that they will
buy people out, those who have to
leave reindeer husbandry. But none
of them who use the pastures are
interested in selling land. People
in Karasjok have said that their
pastures are not for sale for any
amount of gold-money. If companies
are going to use the pastures, which
are already scarce, for 15 years
it means that future generations
will not be socialised in reindeer
husbandry and will not learn the
traditional knowledge.
Strategies for reindeer herders to
adapt
There seems to be a need
for communicating traditional
knowlegde about pasture use, snow
change, reindeer terminology and
herds ability to adapt to changing
condition. The traditional knowledge
has been preserved and passed
through generations. Documenting
the knowledge of the husbandry,
the economic and cultural values, is
crucial for making further industrial
development.
The Vulnabilitiy of Overlapping Fields of Interests
38
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N71
E 3230`
E 2730`-
N69
N68
N67
N66
N66
N70
12,5 %
12,5 %
12,5 %
12,5 %
Municipality - GovernmentalPower station
MURMANSK
KAUTOKEINOBIEDJOVGGI
KARASJOK
NIKEL
KIRKENES
VADS
KIBERG
HAMNINGBERGVARD
ALTA
HAMMERFEST
Energy resources from hydro-electrical are owned by the state or municipal power companies. Some private companies in collaboration with municipalities are plan-ning windmill parks around the coast of Finnmark.
ENERGY RESOURCES IN FINNMARK
39
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N71
E 3230`
E 2730`-
N69
N68
N67
N66
N66
N70
Mining site Private shareholder
QuartzSiO2
MURMANSK
KAUTOKEINOBIEDJOVGGI
KARASJOK
NIKEL
KIRKENES
VADS
KIBERG
HAMNINGBERGVARD
ALTA
HAMMERFEST
Sites for mining in Norway are either owned by the state or private compa-nies. In Finnmark, only private com-panies own the mining sites but still have to pay taxes to Norwegian au-thorities for working there. Most of those private companies shareholder are not situated in Finnmark or Nor-way.
MINING OPERATIONS IN FINNMARK
N71
E 3230`
E 2730`-
N69
N68
N67
N66
N66
N70
12,5 %
12,5 %
12,5 %
12,5 %
Municipality - GovernmentalPower station
MURMANSK
KAUTOKEINOBIEDJOVGGI
KARASJOK
NIKEL
KIRKENES
VADS
KIBERG
HAMNINGBERGVARD
ALTA
HAMMERFEST
40
-
N71
E 3230`
E 2730`-
N69
N68
N67
N66
N66
N70
MURMANSK
KAUTOKEINOBIEDJOVGGI
KARASJOK
NIKEL
KIRKENES
VADS
KIBERG
HAMNINGBERGVARD
ALTA
HAMMERFEST
Sami Reindeer Herders Association of Norway
SamiParliament
Gulo gulo
Anas acuta 12,5 %
The grazing area of Biedjovggi is being considered now for gold-mining operation in near future. With this area that reaches over 20 km we look further to see how such mining plans are made and who takes decision of the future of the landscape
ACTORS OF CONTROVERSY
41
-
N71
E 3230`
E 2730`-
N69
N68
N67
N66
N66
N70
12,5 %
12,5 %
12,5 %
12,5 %
QuartzSiO2
MURMANSK
KAUTOKEINOBIEDJOVGGI
KARASJOK
NIKEL
KIRKENES
VADS
KIBERG
HAMNINGBERGVARD
ALTA
HAMMERFEST
KAUTOKEINOUTOKEOUT OOKEBIEDJOVGGIJOV GJOVOBI I
KAUKA
Sami Reindeer Herders Association of Norway
SamiParliament
Gulo gulo
Anas acuta 12,5 %
Energy resources from hydro-electrical are owned by the state or municipal power companies. Some private companies in col-laboration with municipalities are planning windmill parks around the coast of Finnmark.
Sites for mining in Norway are either owned by the state or private companies. In Finnmark, only private companies own the mining sites but still have to pay taxes to Norwegian authorities for working there. Most of those private companies shareholder are not situated in Finnmark or Norway.
42
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US military diagram showing the components of the urban structure. (Eyal Wiezmann,Lethal Theory)
43
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ARCTIC TERRAIN
SUBTERANEAN RESOURCE
OIL & GAS
MINERALS
SUMMER GRAZING SUMMER GRAZING
INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE
SEASONAL MIGRATION
EXTRACTION OFHANDICRAFT RESOURCES
REINDEERHERDING SAMIPOPULATION
NON-SAMI POPULATION
COSTAL SAMI POPULATION
WINTER GRAZING
WIND POWER RESOURCE
HYDRO POWER RESOURCE
MARINERESOURCES
CARBON FOSSILERESOURCE
Diagram showing some of the components of the arctic region.44
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SMI CYCLES IN THE LANDSCAPE
selected animals slaughtered
counting, marking,vaccinating, saw off huge antlers
calve arrival
towards summer pasture
-40ctotal darkness,samene spread out to cover a vast pasture
towards winter pasture
winter slaughting
making of dried venison
bulls unattended while grazing during summer
making of dried venison and hide
the reindeer group split in smaller groups to improve grazing efficiency
the bulls are kept inside fences
slow walk in melted, deep snow
navit
aidejavrre
45
-
winter slaughting
making of dried venison
calve arrival
towards summer pasturecalves gaining weight
bulls grazing unattendedly
towards winter pasture
counting, marking,vaccinating, saw off huge antlers
slaughting
-40ctotal darknesssurvival
collecting bulls in fences
smallerherding groups
big bull groupmany same - teams
SUMMERGiesse
WINTERDlvve
AUTUMNTjaktja
SPRINGGid
http://www.samer.se/1077
autumnwinter Tjaktjadlvve
springwinterGiddlvve
autumnSUMMERTjaktjagiesse
springSUMMERGidgiesse
Sami time organizing.
Activities on the grazing fieldsgia - Springaka - Autumn
-
47
-
Panorama showing the Landscape and the people and animals who inhabit itPersons found on Facebook
Animals that are shown are endangered species observed in that same area (source artskart.no)
48
-
TROMS COUNTY
KARASJOKMUNICIPALITY
1 of 1
0 1 2 3 4 5
Kilometer
Scale 1 : 250 000N
0 1 2 3 4 5
Kilometer
Scale 1 : 200 000
SYSTEMS IN THE SMI LANDSCAPE
49
-
REINDEER MIGRATION THROUGH KAUTOKEINO MUNICIPALITY
INFRASTRUCTURE IN KAUTOKEINOROADS - SKIDOO
PLANNED MINING AREA NATIONAL PARKS IN KAUTOKEINO MUNICIPALITY
GRAZING LAND BY SEASONSPRING - AUTUMN - AUTUMN/WINTER
DISTRICT 34 ABORASSA
IMPACT OF INTERVENTION IN NATUREPROTECTION OF PRISTINE LAND
HERDERS BASE ANDREINDEER MILLS
PLANTS AND ANIMALS AROUND BIEDJOVGGI
50
-
ReorientingBiedjovggi
51
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Biedjovggi Reorientations
With the plan of re-opening and expanding mining operation in Biedjovggi there are various processes that are facing limitations and eventually an end. Planning a such operation must take consideration of all the processes and elements that exist in the landscape today . Within these processes are subjects that sometimes have no voice in the discussion of the planning a space.
The mining operation is set to begin in two years and before that, all adjustments to the plan will be finalised in the beginning of 2013. The discussions of the plans of the have only taken place at public meetings and in the lo-cal media. At the public meeting in Kautokeino 9. November 2011 when the plan program was introduced, there was emphasized that in the further research and planning there would have to be a greater focus on the indigenous perspective. The traditional impact assessment methods and planning documents have little focus on traditional knowledge about natural resources, cultural heritages and etc. It is clear that there will be loss of grazing land for reindeers and local people are going to have to adjust to that. Species of plants and animals will disappear and ar-cheological remains of settlement will lose trace.
In order to respond to these changes there is a need to look at an alternative for traditional impact assessment. There is need to change the mentality of the space where the existing plans of mining is oriented. An alternative process where events take place in space and time can shed light on the process for the people involved in the de-bate and the ones who are affected by it. With temporality as a policy it will reveal attention to the facts that the entities and identities are collectively portrayed through practices that shape relations that must be focused on.
52
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ORE DEPOSITS DEVELOPMENT AREA
IMPACT AREA ENDANGERED SPECIES
CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES
MIGRATION PATHSPRING AND FALL GRAZING
FALL GRAZING COLLECTION AREAS EVENTS
53
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ORE DEPOSITS DEVELOPMENT AREA
IMPACT AREA ENDANGERED SPECIES
CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES
MIGRATION PATHSPRING AND FALL GRAZING
FALL GRAZING COLLECTION AREAS EVENTS
,,When we look at a map that is laid on a table, a flat surface. Space is represented as a completed product. As a coherent closed system, the space is completely interconnected and instantly interconnected. It tells the order of things*
What happens when the different processes of the landscape of Biedjovggi are pulled up from the flat map, is that it opens up the order. The informations become disoriented and provoke a unaccustomed view. It exposes incoherence and fragmentations of the spatial itself. The spatial can be seen as an arena of
possibilities where unconnected narratives can be brought to contact. In this spatiality different temporalities and different voices must work out means of accommodation. By that making nodes through the routes of the inconsistent processes that can create interventions. But with the interventions in Biedjovggi you are not just travelling through the space or across it, you are participating to altering it a little
*Doreen MasseyFor space
54
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ARCTIC GOLD PLAN PROGRAM IN BIEDJOVAGGIREINDEER HERDING PROCESSES IN BIEDJOVAGGI
EXISTING REINDEER HUTS
55
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http://artskart.artsdatabanken.no/https://kart.reindrift.no/reinkart/
http://www.kautokeino.kommune.nohttp://www.nordreisa.kommune.no
The Directorate for Cultural Heritagehttp://www.askeladden.ra.no
Anas acuta
Salvelinus alpinus
Nemoura arctica
Melanitta fusca
Eristalis gomojunovae
Coregonus lavaretus
Lota lota
Oeneis norna
Gulo gulo
Carex glacialis
Gavia arctica
Larus canus
Sterna paradisaea
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148789
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148793
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
ntact
Nordeisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
149033
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
149032
Geadgeborra
Hunting
Storage site
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
site
HuntingDescription:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148792
Geadgeborra
Storage site
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148762-1
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
single remain
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148788
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordeisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148776
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148791
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordeisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148772
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148778
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148775
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148790
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148787
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
149030
rran
Tent settlement
Settlement Area
Intact
Nordeisa
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148770
Geadgeborra
Hunting
Storage site
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148780
Cairn
Defence
Uncultiv. Land
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148777
Cairn
Uncultiv. Land
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148781
Geadgeborra
Hunting
Storage site
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148760
Geadgeborra
Hunting
Storage site
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148767
Livvosadji
Agriculture
Settlement Area
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148779
Cairn
Defence
Uncultiv. Land
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
148764
Geadgeborra
Hunting
Storage site
Intact
Kautokeino
Archaeological
site
Description:
Original function:
Type:
Condition:
Municipality:
Category:
149031
Hunting
Catch pit
Intact
Nordreisa
Archaeological
site
0 1 km500 m100 m 200 m 300 m 400 m 600 m 700 m 800 m 900 m
1 : 20 000
Biedjovggi Opera - Critical area reindeer migration will get lost Erlend text
Petrified forest: Defence cultural heritage
Geadgeborra
Eahppdus: Plans of building new process plant
Balloons - cultural heritage
Siida:
Livvosadji:
Balloons - water damageDs ii goassege at add ealt There will be no more livelihood here
NODES OF PROCESSES CONNECTEDCULTURAL HERITAGE SITES AND ENDANGERED SPECIES
56
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FEST
IVAL
REHE
RSAL
S
AUDI
TION
WRITI
NG&
COMP
OSING
IN
TERV
IEW
S &
GATH
ERIN
G
OF
INFO
RMAT
ION
FUND
ING
Culture
Politics
Events
Reindeer Herding
TimeSeason
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Migration Migration Migration MigrationSpring Grazing Summer Grazing Culling & Autum GrazingWinter Grazing Winter Grazing
MINERAL EXTRACTION ?
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Arctic Gold Timeline
Sami
sk h
gsko
le
Livv
osad
ji
Subm
issio
n of
the
plan
with
the
impa
ct
asse
ssm
ent
to m
unic
ipal
ities
Appr
oval
of
Plan
ning
pro
gram
Fund
ing
of
proc
essin
g pl
ant
pro
cess
ing
plan
t rea
dy
Publ
ic in
spec
tion
(6-w
eek
cons
ulta
tion)
Fina
l disp
osal
in th
emun
icip
aliti
es
NINA
NIKU
Vaja
sSt
ory T
ellin
g
Rein
deer
Dan
ce
Setti
ng u
p r
ran
Siid
a Ai
rwav
es
Kurt
Joha
nnes
en
EAHP
PDU
S (la
ndsc
ape
inta
llatio
n)
Bied
jovag
ge O
pera
rra
nr
ran
Setti
ng u
p in
form
atio
n
57
-
FEST
IVAL
REHE
RSAL
S
AUDI
TION
WRITI
NG&
COMP
OSING
IN
TERV
IEW
S &
GATH
ERIN
G
OF
INFO
RMAT
ION
FUND
ING
Culture
Politics
Events
Reindeer Herding
TimeSeason
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Migration Migration Migration MigrationSpring Grazing Summer Grazing Culling & Autum GrazingWinter Grazing Winter Grazing
MINERAL EXTRACTION ?
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Arctic Gold Timeline
Sami
sk h
gsko
le
Livv
osad
ji
Subm
issio
n of
the
plan
with
the
impa
ct
asse
ssm
ent
to m
unic
ipal
ities
Appr
oval
of
Plan
ning
pro
gram
Fund
ing
of
proc
essin
g pl
ant
pro
cess
ing
plan
t rea
dy
Publ
ic in
spec
tion
(6-w
eek
cons
ulta
tion)
Fina
l disp
osal
in th
emun
icip
aliti
es
NINA
NIKU
Vaja
sSt
ory T
ellin
g
Rein
deer
Dan
ce
Setti
ng u
p r
ran
Siid
a Ai
rwav
es
Kurt
Joha
nnes
en
EAHP
PDU
S (la
ndsc
ape
inta
llatio
n)
Bied
jovag
ge O
pera
rra
nr
ran
Setti
ng u
p in
form
atio
n
-
The Gold Cube: Arctic Gold Expects to extract at least 4500 kg of gold from Biedjovggi each year . The mass of this amount of gold equates to a cube that is 65 cm * 65 cm * 65 cm. A replica of this square could be mounted in the landscape to show the contrast between the lanscape and the size of this cube.
REORIENTATIONAL EVENTS
59
-
Livvosadji: Is a plateau that serves as a resting place for reindeers during their travel through the grazing land. It is a dry and relatively flat surface with a ca 300 m diameter. Its spatiality is always open and not completed. Performance platform
60
-
REORIENTATIONAL EVENTSREORIENTATIONAL EVENTS
61
-
REORIENTATIONAL EVENTS
62
-
rran: the fire on the hearth at the centre of the lavvu. Like the sun at the centre of cosmic life, the rran gives warmth, security and a sense of order to the family and the siida (local community on pasture areas) gives focus to friendship and sharing. The tent settlement herit-age is made visible by round fireplace with 0,5 m and consists of 6 fist-sized rocks.
REORIENTATIONAL EVENTS
63
-
REORIENTATIONAL EVENTS
64