Pet Chem Diagrams
-
Upload
ashish-maheshwari -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Pet Chem Diagrams
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
1/15
Petrochemical Use in Transportation: The Automobile
1.SeatBelts
8.GasTanks.
Panel
.Cables
6.GearHousing
5.SeatingCushionsandPadding
4.Interiorand
2.Tires3.Bumpers
Exterior of automobile
Internal components of
automobile1
- ,
composites, rubber, coating and textile products are used
in the average vehicle accounting for about 15% of the
total vehicle weight.
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
2/15
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
3/15
Petrochemical Use in Transportation: Interior of Commercial Aircraft
6.LightCovers7.OverheadStowageBins
. pper ewa Panel
4.LowerSidewall8.Windows
2.Seats
ane
1.FloorandFloorThe interiors of all commercial aircraft containa significant percentage of reinforced plastics
over ng3.GalleyMats3
made from petrochemicals to make a variety of
essential functions and comforts for the
consumer while in flight.
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
4/15
1. Floor and Floor Coverings: Made from fiber lass or carbon/e ox or
phenolic/Nomex honeycomb for the floor panels. Wool or nylon are used in the
carpet with double-backed tapes to attach carpet to floor and a Nomex felt.
2. Seats: Made from wool, wool/nylon, or leather upholstery with urethane foam
cushions.
. .4. Lower Sidewall Panels: Made from fiberglass or carbon/phenolic/Nomex
honeycomb with a scuff-resistant surface (wool or Nomex fabric, or tough
p ast c .
5. Upper Sidewall Panels: Made from fiberglass or carbon/phenolic/decorative
thermoplastic layer.6. Light Covers: Made from the petrochemical polycarbonate.
7. Overhead Stowage Bins: Made from fiberglass or carbon/phenolic/Nomex
hone comb with an ed e urethane foam la er.
8. Windows: The outer panel is made from stretched acrylic; inner pane castacrylic; dust cover polycarbonate or acrylic.
Items not shown:
Flotation Foams: Are made from polyethylene foam.
ea rays: re ma e rom ermop as c.
4
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
5/15
Petrochemical Use in Military Protective Wear
3.MilitaryHelmet. ac ca nser on
Accessories
5.MilitaryPacks
4.MilitaryVests
1.ArmyCombatUniforms
50 to 100 percent of military protective gear and the
immediate accessories are composed of materials
derived from petrochemicals. A typical soldiers2.MilitaryCombat
Boots5
equipment is comprised of approximately 34-35 pounds
of petrochemicals or approximately 80% of the total
weight of equipment.
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
6/15
1. Army Combat Uniforms (ACU): Blend of cotton and nylon, a synthetic fiber
produced from petrochemical derivatives including hexamethylene diamine and
adipic acid. ACU was designed by soldiers to meet the demands of the currentoperational environment by increasing a soldiers ability to train, adapt and fight in
ever-changing environments. Approximately 50% of the ACU is made of nylon.
2. Military Combat Boots: Utilize a blend of natural and synthetic materials, with
over 50% of the boot bein made materials that have their ori in from crude oil or
natural gas. Synthetic materials such as polyurethane, nylon fabric and synthetic
rubbers are all used in the military combat boot.
.
(which contains a very high molecular weight, high density polyethylene).
Helmets can also be made of Kevlar, another synthetic material derived frompe roc em ca s.
4. Military Vests: Made from Kevlar, a carbon-based aramid (a term invented as an
abbreviation for aromatic polyamide, or aromatic nylon fiber).
5. Military Packs: Made of 100% nylon.
6. Tactical Insertion Accessories: 100% petrochemical-based materials. The
material for the ro e used when soldiers are fast-ro in is from crude oil or
natural gas to ethylene to Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene
(UHMWPE).
6
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
7/15
Petrochemical Use in Medicine
2.FaceMasksinMedical/Surgical
A lications4.BloodBags
8.HandSanitizer1.Medical&
SurgicalGowns6.Sutures
5.Catheters/Tubing
9.AspirinNearly 100 percent of all medical items listed are made
entirely from petrochemicals and amount to almost 6
pounds. Sutures can contain up to 50-100 percent
petrochemicals. Nearly 90 percent of Aspirin contains .7
petrochemicals or some 40 million pounds.
Approximately 65 percent of hand sanitizer is made from
petrochemicals with nearly 10 million pounds of hand
sanitizers being produced annually.
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
8/15
1. Medical and Surgical Gowns: Reusable medical and surgical gowns are typically 50/50
en o co on an po yes er, rayon an po yes er or s m ar en e ma er a . sposa e
gowns, use polypropylene as the main material. Polyester are also used in scrubs.
Surgical gowns can be made of specialty polyolefins, nonwoven polyproylene, laminated
, -
derived from petrochemicals.
2. Face Masks in Medical/Surgical Applications: Made from spun-bond irradiated
-, , .
3. Wound Care: Made from polyester or polyester blends with rayon, wood pulp or other
inert material, such as polyurethane, hydrogels, and elastomers.
5. Catheters/Tubing: Made from PVC and is the preferred material used as tubing for
medical applications. PVC tubes coated with Teflon (PTFE), blends of polyether-ester,
eth lene acid co ol mer are also used in medical tubin and catheters.
6. Sutures: Absorbable sutures contain polyglactin, polylactonone, polysorb. Non-
Absorbable sutures contain nylon, PET, PP, and Polybutester.
7. Surgical Gloves: Contain the petrochemicals latex, polyisoprene, nitrile and neoprene.
8. Hand Sanitizer: Major ingredients found in Purell and like hand sanitizers are ethyl
alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and propylene glycol
9. Aspirin: Product made from phenol is salicylic acid and a derivative acetylsalicylic acid
(aspirin)
8
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
9/15
Petrochemical Use in Personal Protective Equipment
4.FaceMask. ootwear
2.ProtectiveHelmets
5.Respiratory6.HearingProtection
3.SafetyGoggles 1.ClothingAround 80 to 100 percent of the materials
9
used in the production of the personal
protective equipment originate from
petrochemicals.
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
10/15
1. Protective Clothing: Made from many different varieties of petrochemicals.
One of the most widely used fabrics is Nomex, an aramid fiber made by Dupont.
2. Protective Helmets: Made with synthetic materials made from petrochemicalderivatives. Hard hat shells may be made of a thermoplastic, such as
polyethylene or polycarbonate resin, or of other materials like resin-impregnated
textiles. Also, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), nylon, vinyl, Kevlar and
Twaron are used in makin a variet of different helmets.
3. Safety Goggles: Made from plastics such as polycarbonate or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
.
polypropylene fabric. A more elaborate face mask with a visor that covers the
entire face are made from acetate or polycarbonates.. esp ra ory qu pmen : acemas an resp ra or are ma e w e
petrochemicals polyurethane memory foam, polypropylene, elastomer, and
acrylonitrile-butadine-styrene (ABS).
6. Hearing Protection: In the form of ear plugs are typically made of
polyurethane foam with memory. Ear muffs are 90% petrochemical-based and
contain ol urethane ABS ol olefin and elastomer.
7. Protective Footwear: Made from neoprene or other butyl rubber formulations,
polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymer-composite, and Kevlar.
10
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
11/15
Petrochemical Use in Consumer Electronics
1.DVDandCD2.Computers
14.Freezer13.Refrigerator
Electronics Appliances
. croc ps7.CellPhones 12.Dishwasher
4.Radio.
8.Air11.Water
Heater
Home electronics and appliance
6.TVsConditioner
10.WashingMachine
9.Furnace11
products contain up to 40% or
more of plastics derived from
petrochemicals.
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
12/15
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
13/15
Petrochemical Use in Renewable Energy
Wind Turbine Blades Solar Glazing
are made up of petrochemical basedmaterials.
A lar e wind turbine containin 30
of petrochemicalsSolar cells also use new, novel
etrochemicals for casin of the
to 50 meter long blades would
contain 27,000 pounds of
petrochemical-based products.
photovoltaic (PV) modules and
sometimes are the substrates
themselves.
13
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
14/15
-
8/3/2019 Pet Chem Diagrams
15/15
Petrochemical Use in Transportation: Exterior of Commercial
Aircraft
Boeing 787s body will be composed of over 50% of reinforced plastics.
The new 787 Dreamliner will be 20% more fuel efficient savin more than 260,000 allons of fuel
per year over a comparable size due to the light weights of petrochemicals being used to form
the exterior of the aircraft.
The approximate weight of carbon fiber reinforced plastics is 70,000 pounds in one aircraft.
,
compatabilizers, nylons and epoxy resin
Chemical precursors used are epicholorhydrin, epoxy resin, bisphenol A, acrylonitrile,
acetohydrin, propylene, butadiene, cumene and benzene.
14
Almost 800 Boeing 787s are on backorder