PERSPECTIVE OF AYUSH ON HEALTHY AGEING 1 N.SRIKANTH ASSISTANT DIRECTOR CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH...

PERSPECTIVE OF AYUSH ON HEALTHY AGEING

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N.SRIKANTH ASSISTANT DIRECTOR CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN AYURVEDA AND SIDDHA Department of AYUSHMinistry of Health & Family Welfare Govt. of India

Geriatrics in Ayurveda

The disease preventive and health promotive approach of ‘Ayurveda’, which takes into consideration the whole body, mind and spirit while dealing with the maintenance of health, promotion of health and treating ailments is holistic.

Ancient Ayurvedic physicians developed certain dietary and therapeutic measures to arrest/delay ageing and rejuvenating whole functional dynamics of the body system.

This revitalization and rejuvenation is known as the ‘Rasayan chikitsa’ (rejuvenation therapy).

Emphasis on prevention• The major preventive approaches for

maintaining and improving the quality of life include individualized specific daily regimen (Dinacharya), seasonal regimen (Ritucharya), behavioral and ethical considerations (Sadvritta).

• Healthy lifestyle is emphasized as the determinant of longevity of life, which by and large depends on the Prakriti (bio-identity i.e. body-mind constitution) of an individual.

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Ageing……………… …….Ageing

A Progressive and generalized impairment of functions

Resulting ……………* loss of adoptive response to stress

* increase in the risk of age-related diseases.

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Ayurvedic Perspective

Geriasis ‘Jaraa Vyaadhi’ is a natural phenomenon Classified as Swabhava pravritta Vyadhi

Although classified as disease; old age just like hunger, thirst, sleep and death; is a natural disposition, a natural phenomenon. Predetermined life span (Niyat Aayush) can Universal, meaning observation of aging phenomena in all species.

Astanga Ayurveda : Eight Clinical Specialties of Ayurveda

1. Kayachikitsa Internal Medicine

2. Salya Tantra Surgery

3. Salakya Tantra Ophthalmology and ENT

4. Kaumarbhritya Pediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynecology

5. Agad Tantra Toxicology

6. Rasayan Tantra Geriatrics

7. Vajikarana Reproductive Health

8. Bhuta Vidya Psychiatry

JARA CHIKITSA ( AYURVEDIC GERIATRICS)

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………………Jara Chikitsa or Rasayana is one among the eight branches of Ayurveda that deals with management of age related problems.

Preservation and Promotion of health

Prevention and Treatment of diseases

Preservation of youth

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Changing Priority of Rasayana Tantra down the ages in Ayurvedic Classics

Caraka (700 BC) Chikitsa Sthan Chapter - 1/1-4

Susruta (600 BC) Chikitsa Sthan Chapter - 27-29

Vagbhatta (300 AD) Uttar Tantra Chapter - 39

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SEQUENTIAL LOSS OF SOME BIOLOGICAL VALUES IN AGING

Decades Years Losses (Vagbhatt) Losses (Sarangdhara)

First 0-10 Balya (Boyishness) Balya (Boyishness)

Second 11-20 Vrddhi (Growth) Vriddhi (Growth)

Third 21-30 Prabha (Lusture) Chhabi (Beauty)

Fourth 31-40 Medha (Intellect) Medha (Intellect)

Fifth 41-50 Twaca (Skin) Twaca (Skin)

Sixth 51-60 Sukra (Sexual Ability) Drsti (Vision)

Seven 61-70 Drsti (Vision) Sukra (Sexual Ability)

Eighth 71-80 Srotendriya (Audition) Vikram (Strength)

Ninth 81-90 Mana (Psyche) Buddhi (Wisdom)

Tenth 91-100 Sparsendriya (Psychomotor

function)

Karmendriya (Locomotor Activity)

SCOPE

Longevity Heightened memory and intelligence Freedom from disease Youth Excellence of luster Excellence of Complexion and voice Optimum strength of body and senses. Utterance that always gets Fulfilled/Confidence The reverence of people Body-glow

all these can be obtained by the use of Rasayanas

SCOPE

A. As Per Scope of Use

1. Kamya Rasayana (Health Promoting)

a. Prana Kamya for Vitality and Longevityb. Medha Kamya for Mental Competencec. Sri Kamya for Lusture and Complexion

2. Naimittika Rasayana (Disease specific)

B. As Per Method of Use

1. Vatatapika (Outdoor Regimen)2. Kutipravesika (Intensive Indoor Regimen)

C. As Per Contents

1. Ausadhi Rasayana (Drug Rasayana)2. Ajasrika Rasayana (Dietary Rasayana)3. Acara Rasayana (Lifestyle Rasayana)

The Rasayana Effect Rasayana

Rasa (Nutrient Value of plasma)

Agni

(DIGESTION Metabolism)

Srotas

(Microcirculation and Bio availability)

Improved Nourishment

Improved quality of Tissues

Longevity(Jaranasa)

Immunity(Vyadhi Nasa)

Mental Competence (Medha Vriddhi)

Rejuvenation

Approach of Rasayana Therapy

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The particular Rasayana has to be selected for each individual appropriately in consideration of

Vayas (age) Prakriti (constitution) Satmya (suitability) State of agni (digestion & metabolism) Dhatus (tissues) Srotas (body channels) Environmental factors like Desa

(Habitat), Kala (Season) Etc.

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The following are persons contra indicated for Rasayan Therapy

1. Anatmawan – Mentally week2. Alaso- lethargic 3. Pramadi – Carelessness4. Vyasani – Addict5. Papakarit – Trouble some nature/sinfulness7. Bheshajapamani – Dishonour for medicine/no faith in medicine

S.UT.27/1

Persons contra indicated for rasayan therapy

THE HOLISTIC RASAYANA EFFECT

Nutraceutical Vs Pharmaceutical

Nutrition Dynamics VersusPharmacodynamics

Assimilation Transformation

Reaction Response

Possible Attributes16

PUSTIKARA NUTRITIVE OJOVARDHAKA/ BALAKARA IMMUNO MODULATORY/POTENT MICRO NUTRIENT AYUSHYA /AYUSKARA ANTIOXIDANT /ADAPTOGENIC INDRIYA BALAPRADA SUPPORTS THE SENSORY ANDMOTOR SYSTEMS SMRITIKARA MEMORY BOOSTER VRISYA APHRODISIAC VAYASTHAPANA ANTI AGEING ACTION BRIMHANA POLYTROPIC TISSUE TONIC

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Rasayana drugs possess many effects out of which some are highly specific to the particular drug.

• While selecting the drug for therapeutic purpose the specific effect of the drug is to be taken into consideration to achieve desired effects.

• Some drugs possess more than one significant effects. For instance, Haritaki possess both Vyadhihara (Curative effect) besides its potent Rasayana action.

• Some drugs possess specific Rasayana effects- for instance Amalki possess Rasayana effects like- Anti-aging effect & Vyadhihara effect is not mentioned in particular context.

Specific Action of Rasayana Drugs

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DESIRED EFFECT

SUITABLE RASAYANA DRUGS

Balya Vaca (Acorus calamus Linn.)Kasmari (Gmelina arborea Linn.)

Growth Asvagandha (Withania somnifera)Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.)

Beauty Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.)

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Intellect Sankhapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis)Jyotismati (Celastrus panniculatus willd)

Skin Health Bhringaraja (Eclipta alba Hassk)Somaraji (Centratherum anthelminticum)

Vision Caksusya (Cassia absus Linn.)Saptamrta Lauha (An Ayurvedic Iron compound)


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DISEASE SUITABLE DRUGS

Eye diseases Jyotismati, Triphala, Satavari, Yastimadhu

Heart diseases Salaparni, Arjuna, Guggulu, Pushkaramula

Skin diseases Tuvaraa, Bhallataka, Vidanga, Somaraji, Gandhaka

Tuberculosis Rasona, Nagabala, Silajatu, Pippali

Anaemias Lauha, Maksika, Mandura

Asthma Agastya rasayana, Bhallataka, Sirisa, Haridra


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Arthritis Bhallataka, Kupilu, Rasona

Neuropathies Rasona, Guggulu, Bala, Nagabala

Diabetes Silajatu, Amalaki, Haridra, Guduci, Jambu, Methika

Lipid disorders Guggulu, Haritaki, Puskaramula, Vaca

Hypertension Rasona, Bala, Rasna, Sarpagandha, Asvagandha

Psychosis Sankhapuspi, Brahmi, Mandukaparni


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SOME PROMISING RASAYANA PLANT DRUGS OF AYURVEDA

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DRUG INDICATIONS REFERENCES

Amalaki

Emblica officinalis

Immunomodulatory

Adaptogenic

Antioxidant

Cardioprotective

Neuroprotective\

Anti-cytotoxic

Reference: Arunabh, B.et al.,1999: Antioxidant activity of active tannoids principles of Emblica officinalis(amla).I.J.Expol. Biology,vol.37(7),p.676-680.

Tinospora cordifolia(Guduchi)

Hepatoprotective, Anti-inflammatory Nutrient ,Immunomodulator activity-Immunostimulant activity (Activate Mononuclear cells to release cytokines)

Bhupinder Singh et al – Ind.J.Pharmacol 13(1): 96, 1981. Rege, N. et al, Indian Drugs, 21(12): 544-546, 1984.Chopra R.N. et al, Gloss. Ind. Med. Plants CSIR, N. Delhi, 244, 1956. Thatte U M et al.J.Post.grad.Med.1994; 40:202-3

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Aswagandha (Withania sominifera)

Immunomodulatory

AdaptogenicImmunomodulator ,Enhances life span of patients having lower immunity

Singh N., Curr. Med. Pract. 23(1) 50,1981.Singh N, Int.J.Crude Drugs Res. 29: 29, 1982.,Singh N. et al Int.J. Crude Drugs Res. 24: 90, 1986

Tulasi (Ocium sanctum)

Strong antioxidant activity in vitro and anti-lipid peroxidative effect in vivo which strongly suggest free radical scavenging as a major mechanism by which Ocimum products protect against cellular damage and tumor induction, Anti-stress

Uma Devi P., 2001: Radioprotective, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties of the Indian holy basil, Ocimum sanctum (Tulasi). Ind. J. of Experimental Biol. V. 39, p. 185-190.

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Satavari Nutritive tonic and immunomodulator

Indian Med. Plants. TPA Devasagayam & K.B. Saini.-Ind. Jour. of Exp. Biology-Vl-10 (6) P-639-655

Yashtimadhu Immunomodulator, antioxidant, antitussive

Daswani, B.R., et al, 2003: Study of immunomodulatory activity of Yastimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra). National convention on current Trends in Herbal drugs & Annual Conference of Indian Society of Pharmacology, Herb-The Natura; Alternative , Gandhinagar,Gujarat,India, P.A-15, January 17-18.

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Haridra (Curcuma longa)

anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, stimulant, tonic

Arora, R.B. et al., 1970: Chemical, Pharmacological and Toxicological studies

of Curcuma longa (Turmeric). II Indo Soviet sym. Chem.. Nat. Products

including Pharmacol, p. 133.

Srimal, R.C. et al, 1971 : A preliminary report on anti-inflammatory activity of

Curcumin. Indian J. Pharmac 3, 10.

Lasuna (Allium sativum)

anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, free redicals scavenger, has hypoglycemic and hypocholestermic effect

Bhakuni, D.S. et al., 1969: Screening of Indian Plants for biological activity, part-II. Indian J. Exptl. Biol. 7, 250

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Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa)

anti-inflammatory, diuretic

Annual Report, P.R.U., G.M.C, Bombay. Singh, R.H. and Udupa, K.N. 1972 : Sutdies on the Indian indigenous drug Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.) Part-III. Experimental and pharmacological studies. J. Res. Indian Med. 7, 17.

Bhalla, T.N. et al, 1971:

Katuki (Picrorhiza kurroa)

Hepatoprotective, antioxidant, adaptogenic

Pandey, V.N. and Chaturvedi, G.N. 1968: Effect of alcoholic extract of Kutaki (Picrorhiza kurroa) on experimentally nduced abnormalities in the liver. Indian J. Res. Indian Med. 3 (1), 25.

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Shunthi (Zinziber Officinalis)

Aromatic, corninative, digestive, stimulant Hypolipidaemic, hypoglycemic

Journal of Nutrition V/30/(5) P-1124-1131- Fuhrman (2000)-Hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effect of Zingiber in cholesterol fed rabits-(1996) Sharma, Gusain & dixit phytotherapy Res, volume 10/6) PP-517-518

Draksha (Vitis Vinifera)

Nutritious, demulscent, suppurative, antioxidant, hyetoprotective

R.M. Facino (1994)-free radicals scavenging action and antievzyme activities of pro-cynanidines from vitis vinifera A mechaulsm of these capillary protective action-Frankel & Meyer pharm-Biol. Vol 36 (suppl) PP.14-20-Antioxidants in grapes, and grape juices and their potential health effects-1998

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DRUG INDICATIONS REFERENCESBrahmi (Bacoppa Monnieri) Astringent,

Racequillizer, smooth musclerelaxant, antispasmodic, anticancer

RH Singh & L singh-Part I-JRAS Vol 41(1), PP.133-Studies of anti-anxiety effect of Medhya Rasayana Drug Brahmi (1980)

Mandukparni (Centella Asiatica)

Alterative, common nervine tonic, cooling, cardio tonic

DNK Sharma 1996-phytotheraphy Res, Vol 10(2), PP.181-183 –antistress activity of TC and CA Extracts

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CURRENT DAY NEEDS AND SUGGESTED APPROACHES

We are aware of known and new diseases of body and

mind fast spreading and threatening comfort, peace and

welfare of life on earth

Attributable to modern scientific technological

advances disturbing universal laws of nature.

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Physical Factors:

Cold, Heat, Pressure, Radiations, Atmospheric composition, Rhythms

Chemical

Water Pollutants, Metal Pollutants,

Pesticides, Preservatives,

Additives,Nutrition.

Mental Stress

SocialEconomical

Mutations, Enzyme levels, Hormones and other Biological processes

Free Radicals

AGING


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•These factors can be successfully tackled with the unique strength of Ayurveda ie.Rasayana.

•Rasayana Tantra provides number of herbs having diversified actions on human body

DI

VERS

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F

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ED E

F

F

ECTS


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· It would be worth to direct our efforts to

those traditional drugs which may be of use

a. in combating the so-called ‘Refractory Diseases for

which modern medicine has not been able to offer

much so far; and

b. as supplementary remedies to well-established

chemotherapy.


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Novel approaches for adopting Rasayana therapies

Multiple actions on psychosomatic set up that includes immuno-modulation (on immune system), antioxidant action( prevents bio-oxidation there by checking age related disorders, auto immune disorders, degenerative disorders), adaptogenic affects (on psychoneuroendocrinesystem) and so on.

Panchakarma therapy inducing Rasayana is a boon for many unsolved clinical problems related to bio-oxidation, free radicals, autoimmune disorders, cancer, Immunodeficiency syndromes.

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AYUSKARA/AYUSHYA ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT

•HYPERTENSION•DIABETES•CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE•PARKINSON DISEASE•GERIATRIC PROBLEMS•DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS•ALZEMERS DISEASEETC.

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BALAKARA /OJOVARDHAKAIMMUNO MODULATION

•AIDS•SLE•THYROIDITIS•RHEUMATIC FEVER•GLOMERULONEPHRITIS•MYASTHENIAGRAVIS•MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS•PHOTOALLERGY ETC.

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AYUSKARA/ AYUSHYAADAPTOGENIC EFFECT

•STRESS RELATED DISEASES (MENTAL/PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL)•PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINE PROBLEMS•PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS

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INITIATIVES OF CCRAS-DEPARTMENT OF AYUSH ,

MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

ON GERIATRIC CARE

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National Campaign on Ayurveda & Siddha for

Geriatric health care

•The National Campaign is aimed at generating awareness in private & public circles on strengths of Ayurveda & Siddha in Geriatric health care which benefit the elderly population.

•The objectives of the workshop is to sensitize policymakers, parliamentarians, professionals viz. eminent scientists, social scientists, Ayurveda, Siddha & Allopathic physicians of other traditions of medicines working at primary, secondary & tertiary health care setups concerning the strength and merits of Ayurveda & Siddha in catering health care services to elderly population

Special Geriatric OPD

Council started weekly special Geriatric OPD on every Wednesday at 27 CCRAS Ayurveda and Siddha institutes.

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PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO GERIATRIC CARE •JRAS Special issues on Geriatric health care•Background papers•Medicinal plants in Geriatric Care•Training Module for Geriatric health Care•Brain Ageing & Ayurveda•Select Research papers in evidence based Geriatric health care• Training module for Geriatric Health Care

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Conclusion

Ayurveda, the Science of life and Longevity evolved a clinical discipline of Rasayana Tantra as one of the major components of Astanga Ayurveda thousands of years ago.

Rasayana Karma is an unique blend of the phenomenon of nutrition, immunity, longevity and rejuvenation, besides a range of tissue/organ specific Rasayanas and Rasayanas with disease specific activity.

Ayurveda recount Nutrition, Immunity, Stress, Adaptation and Aging are interlinked processes.

A large number of drug and non-drug Rasayanas are described in Ayurveda and are still in popular use. Recent attempts of investigations on the scientific validity of Rasayana Agents have shown encouraging results.

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May we see for Hundred years

May we live for hundred years

THANK YOU47

PERSPECTIVE OF AYUSH ON HEALTHY AGEING 1 N.SRIKANTH ASSISTANT DIRECTOR CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH...

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