Relationships Between Mobbing at Work and MMPI-2 Personality ...
Personality and Relationships
description
Transcript of Personality and Relationships
![Page 1: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Personality and Relationships
![Page 2: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Measuring Personality
Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) Jenkens Activity Survey (Type A/Type B) NEO Personal Inventory (Big 5)
![Page 3: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Big Five Personality Traits
1. Extroversion2. Neuroticism3. Openness to Experience4. Conscientiousness5. Agreeableness
OCEAN McCrae & Costa, 1990
![Page 4: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Extroversion Extroverts: High sociability, impulsiveness, like
parties, crave excitement, focused on outer world, more friends
Introverts: quiet, reserved, reflective, like to think things through before speaking, focused within Cetola & Prinkey, 1986
“introverts are habitually in a state of greater arousal than extraverts, and consequently they show lower sensory thresholds, and greater reactions to sensory stimulation.” Eysenck & Eysenck, 1969
Lemon Test Stereotypes of introverts/extroverts?
![Page 5: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Wundt’s Hedonic Curve
Adapted from Cetola & Prinkey, 1986
![Page 6: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Hedonic Curve for Introverts and Extroverts
Cetola & Prinkey, 1986
![Page 7: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Neuroticism
Unsociable Withdrawn Wish to indulge in social activity but fear of being rejected takes
over Different from introversion
Anxiety, self-consciousness, emotionally unstable High: anxious, hostile, self-conscious, and impulsive McCrae & Costa,
1990
Opposite: Emotionally stableEysenck & Eysenck, 1969
![Page 8: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Openness to Experience High
“Receptiveness to new ideas, approaches, experiences” (p.41-42)
Intellectually curious Often appreciates art, literature, travel More likely to hold unconventional beliefs “free spirits”
Low Prefer the familiar and practical Resists change Not necessarily close minded or intolerant of othersMcCrae & Costa
![Page 9: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Conscientiousness
High Achievement-orientated Organized, dutiful, high level of motivation Workaholics?
Low Easy-going Less exacting with themselves and with others Slackers?
![Page 10: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Agreeableness
Generous and trusting of others and want everyone to get along
Optimistic Opposite: Antagonism
Tough-minded, non-accommodating of others Place the interest of themselves above the interest of others Often seen as uncooperative
Which of these would you want your surgeon to be? Lawyer?Does this have anything to do with face theory?
![Page 11: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Opposites Attract? Marriage partners often have similarities (religion
ethnicity, attraciveness, values) but complimentary personalities McCrae & Costa, 1990
Personality more important than other factors in predicting marital adjustment
Difference-detecting mechanisms Buss, 1996
I’m Outgoing and She’s Reserved: The Reciprocal Dynamics of Personality in Close Friendships in Young Adulthood Nelson, Thorne, & Shapiro, 2011
Interpersonal Theory Self Expansion Theory
Overall, “a series of compromises and adaptations evolve over a period of time” (p. 160) in any successful relationship McCrae & Costa, 1990
![Page 12: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Desirable Personalities In a long- term mate
Extroversion- ambitious about careerNeuroticism- emotionally stableAgreeableness- kindConscientiousness- dependable,
hardworkingOpenness- intelligent, open-minded,
creativeBuss, 1996
![Page 13: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Desirable Personalities In a friendship
Extroversion- bold, self-confident, ambitious about career
Neuroticism- emotionally stableAgreeableness- kindConscientiousness- hardworking,
dependableOpenness- open- minded, creative,
intelligent, wide range of knowledgeBuss, 1996
![Page 14: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Undesirable Personalities
Low on agreeablenessNeglect, verbal abuse, physical abuse,
sexual infidelity, inconsiderateness, self-centeredness
Emotionally unstable (neurotic)Possessive, jealous, dependent,
abusive, inconsiderate, physically self-absorbed, self centered
![Page 15: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Other Undesirable Personalities Low Conscientiousness
High instances of sexual infidelity, especially men
Low Openness Sexualizing of others “treating members of the opposite sex as sex
objects; commenting about the attractiveness of others; expressing sexual desire for a movie star” (Buss, 1996).
![Page 16: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Personality and Sexual Infidelity
Buss, 1996 100 married couples- took personality test as
newlyweds and questioned 4 years later Low Conscientious men AND women likely to cheat Women high in openness to experiences likely to
cheat Submissive partners are likely to be cheated on
![Page 17: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Nonverbal Communication and PersonalityWhen it comes to conversational distance: Extraverts- likely to choose to sit opposite of other
person and avoid positions that would put them at an angle
Introverts- choose positions that would keep that at more of a distance (visually and physically) sit diagonally
Knapp & Hall, 2006
![Page 18: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nonverbal Communication and Personality
Dominant people show more eye contact than submissive people
Extraverted, Agreeable, and Open people show more gazing activity (eye contact) than other personalities Knapp & Hall, 2006
What does this mean for relationships?Flirting?
![Page 19: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Nonverbal Communication and Personality
Is there a relationship between personality/temperament and certain body types?
Some people believe there is a correlation
![Page 20: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Calm Anxious Cheerful Contented (often content. Happy or at ease) Relaxed Confident Tense Impetuous (impulsive) Complacent (self-satisfied) Reticent (reserved- don’t say everything you know) Energetic Self-conscious
I feel most of the time _____, _________, and ______
![Page 21: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Efficient Enthusiastic Reflective Placid (calm, quiet) Sluggish Competitive Leisurely Meticulous Precise Determined Thoughtful cooperative
When I study or work I seem to be ______, ______, and ___________.
![Page 22: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Socially, I am ____, _____, and ________. Outgoing Affable (shows warmth and friendliness) Tolerant Gentle-tempered Considerate Awkward Affected (emotionally moved easily) Soft-tempered Argumentative Shy Talkative Hot-tempered
![Page 23: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
I am rather ____, ______, and ____. Active Warm Domineering Introspective Forgiving Courageous Suspicious Cool Sympathetic Serious Soft-hearted Enterprising
![Page 24: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Other people consider me rather ___, _____ and _______. Generous Adventurous Withdrawn Dominant Optimistic Affectionate Reckless Detached Sensitive Kind Cautious Dependent
![Page 25: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Pick one of each three
Assertive, relaxed, tense Hot-tempered, cool, warm Withdrawn, sociable, active Confident, tactful, kind Dependent, dominant, detached Enterprising, affable, anxious
![Page 26: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Section A Forgiving Sympathetic Soft-hearted Generous Affectionate Kind Sociable Soft-tempered Warm Affected Tolerant
Dependent Calm Relaxed Complacent Contented Sluggish Placid Leisurely Cooperative Affable
![Page 27: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Section B Dominant Cheerful Confident Energetic Impetuous Efficient Enthusiastic Competitive Determined Outgoing Hot Tempered
Argumentative Talkative Active Domineering Courageous Enterprising Adventurous Reckless Assertive optimistic
![Page 28: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Section C Detached Tense Anxious Reticent Self-Conscious Meticulous Reflective Precise Thoughtful Considerate
Shy Awkward Cool Suspicious Introspective Serious Cautious Tactful Sensitive Withdrawn Gentle-tempered
![Page 29: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
6 510
Wells & Siegel (1961) stereotypes about personalities of people with different body types Knapp & Hall, 2006
![Page 30: Personality and Relationships](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081808/5681610c550346895dd05cb7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Buss, D. M. (1996). The five- factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives. J. S. Wiggins (Ed.) New York: The Guilford Press.
Cetola, H., & Prinkey, K. (1986). Introversion-extraversion and loud commercials. Psychology and Marketing, 3, 123-132.
Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. (1969). Personality structure and measurement. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Knapp, M. L., & Hall, J. A. (2006). Nonverbal communication in human interaction (6th ed.) Belmont, CA: Thomson Higher Education.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1990). Personality in adulthood. New York: The Guilford Press.
Nelson, P. A., Thorne, A., & Shapiro, L.A. (2011). I’m outgoing and she’s reserved: The reciprocal dynamics of personality in close friendships in young adulthood. Journal of Personality, 79 (5), p. 1113-1147.