Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) -...

Personal Protective Equipment

Purpose and Scope

The Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) procedure is established to meet the requirements under the NSW Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000 (Section 8) and the NSW Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 2001 (Clauses 11 and 15); additionally to any specific hazards or work environments in relation with references to PPE.

The procedure describes the occupational health and safety requirements for all TAFE NSW - Sydney Institute staff and students prior to any workplace activity involved in the use of PPE as identified in a risk assessment.

For information on risk management refer to the Institute’s OHS Risk Management procedure.

Related Policies and Procedures

This procedure is based on the following NSW legislation:Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 2001

Responsibilities

In accordance with the Institute's OH&S Management System, all staff have responsibilities for OH&S; see the OH&S Responsibilities - Policy document. There are specific responsibilities regarding personal protective equipment as outlined below:

College/Associate Directors, Head Teachers and other Managers/Supervisors are responsible for compliance with this procedure to ensure that consultation occurs and that workplaces are safe and without risks to health, safety and welfare regarding the use of PPE.

Such responsibilities include: Determining if PPE is the most appropriate control, based on the risk management

process. Providing all PPE to every staff member at risk. Ensuring the PPE is appropriate for each particular hazard. Ensuring the PPE is appropriate for each particular staff member and controls the risk

for that person. Providing or arranging instruction and training for all staff members using PPE

(including the limitations of using PPE).Personal Protective Equipment Version 4 of 18

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Providing additional training for supervisors so they understand their role in enforcing the use of PPE.

Ensuring PPE conforms to the relevant Australian Standard. Enforcing the uniform and proper use of PPE by affected staff. Ensuring the equipment is provided in a clean and hygienic condition to the staff

member. Ensuring that PPE is maintained, repaired or replaced regularly or where necessary. Providing appropriate storage for PPE and ensuring the PPE is stored in that place. Individually issuing PPE where necessary. Clearly identifying areas in the workplace where PPE must be used.

All Staff must co-operate with his or her manager/supervisor or other person so far as is necessary to enable compliance with any requirement under this Act or the regulations imposed in the interest of health, safety and welfare on the employer or any other person; additionally, staff must not, intentionally or recklessly, interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health, safety and welfare (NSW Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000, Sections 20 and 21).

Such responsibilities include: Wearing PPE in identified (signposted) areas in the workplace. Wearing PPE as identified in risk assessments for particular activities. Refer to the

"Control Measures" section of completed risk assessments, either “OHS Risk Assessment and Control (Educational) - By Module (activity)” or “OHS Risk Assessment and Control (Non Educational) - By Activity”.

Ensuring that PPE is properly used. Reporting if PPE requires maintenance, repairs, or needs to be replaced.

Personal Protective Equipment Version 4 of 18



Table of Contents

Procedure 4

1. Introduction 41.1 General 41.2 Selection 41.3 Use 41.4 Training and Education 5

2. Types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 52.1 Introduction 52.2 Head Protection 62.3 Eye/Face Protection 72.4 Hearing Protection 82.5 Respiratory Protection 102.6 Hand Protection 112.7 Foot Protection 132.8 Body Protection 13

3. Working Outdoors 143.1 Introduction 143.2 Types 15

4. Common limitations associated with PPE 16

Definitions 16

Delegations 16

References and Related Information 16

Penalties for non-compliance 18

Associated Forms and Documents 18




Procedure

1. Introduction1.1 GeneralPersonal Protective Equipment (PPE) can be defined as any clothing, equipment or substance which, when worn or used correctly, protects the person from injury, illness or disease.

PPE should be provided and worn/used where: hazards from harmful substances or harmful process cannot otherwise be

prevented or suitably controlled by using one or a combination of the more effective controls, i.e. substitution, isolation, engineering controls or administrative controls (hierarchy of controls);

complete protection is essential because of the nature of the hazard (or set of hazards) and uncertainty about the level of risk involved; or

legislation requires it.

PPE is often treated as if it were the only control measure needed to prevent injury or illness form workplace hazards. PPE does not remove a hazard; it only limits the wearer's exposure to the hazard (within the limitations of the PPE).

The sharing of PPE is only to be considered where wearing of PPE is not a part of the person’s normal duties. There are however some types of PPE which should never be shared, for example, ear plugs.

The risk management process will determine if PPE is the most appropriate control.

Designated Protection areas are areas where the wearing of PPE is required, as identified through the risk management process; these areas should be appropriately signposted. Entry to designated protection areas will be denied to persons who do not comply with PPE requirements for that area.

1.2 SelectionThe selection process involves:

Familiarisation with the potential hazards and available items of PPE. Comparing the hazards of the work process with the capabilities of PPE. Selecting appropriate PPE. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are a good

source of information for chemical hazards. Checking that the equipment selected fits properly and is used appropriately and

does not create a secondary health or safety risk, for example, poorly fitting gloves that may get caught in machinery.

1.3 UseOnce appropriate items of PPE have been selected, the procedures for use then need to be determined.

Unless the procedures are clear, concise and appropriate, then even the most effective item of PPE will not perform as it should and staff, students and visitors will either not wear the PPE or be fully protected.




The procedures will depend upon the: Nature and location of the workplace. Availability of PPE. Particular hazard involved. Range and types of PPE to be used. Need for personalised fitting of the PPE. Industry practice or provisions of industrial awards or conditions of employment.

In considering the supply of PPE, arrangements for selection/collection directly by staff and students may be appropriate where individual fit is integral to the safe operation of the particular PPE.

For example, procedures should include: Each item of PPE will be assigned for individual use. Items of PPE will be tested to make sure that they fit properly on issue and as

needed. PPE will be cleaned and maintained regularly to make sure the chance of infection

is minimised and the maximum level of protection is provided. Safe, clean and dry storage is to be provided for PPE when not in use. PPE is to be inspected regularly and depending on its condition either repaired or

replaced immediately.

1.4 Training and EducationTraining and instruction in the use of PPE may take many forms and be aimed at different target groups. It should encompass the following:

Recognition of the need for PPE, its correct use and fitting as well as the limitations of the selected item. It should cover the procedures to be followed when such PPE are being worn.

Cleaning, inspection and maintenance of PPE. The use of disposable PPE can reduce the need for maintenance, however even these items should be the subject of instruction on correct storage, cleaning, maintenance (where appropriate), and safe disposal.

Induction Training - general information about PPE should form an integral part of the workplace induction training program for new and transferred staff.

2. Types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)2.1 IntroductionPPE may include a variety of basic or general items such as:

Head protection (e.g. hard hats, bump caps, sun-hats), Eye/Face protection (e.g. glasses, goggles, face shields), Hearing protection (e.g. earplugs, earmuffs), Respiratory protection (e.g. dust masks, gas masks), Hand protection (e.g. gloves), Foot protection (e.g. safety (steel capped) shoes/boots), Body protection (e.g. aprons, sunscreens).




There are also a number of specialist PPE items which are beyond the scope of this document for detailed procedures. Such items include: chemical/biological protective clothing, life lines/harnesses, Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA or SCUBA), gas detection/monitoring equipment, and Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) or Residual Current Breaker (RCD) electrical circuit protection devices. These items generally require specialist user training/knowledge and may need testing and calibration.

2.2 Head Protection2.2.1 IntroductionThe head is vulnerable to a number of hazards, any of which can be prevented or the effects reduced if suitable head protection is worn. For example:

Impact with a fixed solid object. Impact with a falling object. Contact with live electrical wires and other energised parts. Exposure to sources of ignition. Exposure to intense heat.

Occupational protective helmets should comply with AS/NZS 1801; a full description of the selection, care and use of helmets is given in AS/NZS 1800.

2.2.2 Types Industrial protective helmet (hard hat)

Hard hats are designed and used in areas to protect the wearer from the effects of severe blow from above by absorbing the energy into the shell and/or the harness. Hard hats must conform to AS/NZS 1801.

Scalp protector (bump cap)A bump cap is an alternative type of head wear which affords very limited protection to the crown of the wearer’s head. It is not a safety helmet as it does not comply with AS/NZS 1801. Bump caps will deflect relatively light loads sideways and protect the wearer against accidentally striking protruding objects. They maybe useful in areas where there is a risk of walking into overhanging machinery.

2.2.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementThe strap inside the helmet should be adjusted by the wearer to ensure proper fit and comfort.

The replaceable sweatband on the head band should be replaced when worn/dirty. The helmet may be cleaned with warm soapy water as required. Other cleaning agents may damage the helmet and must not be used.

The wearer should regularly inspect their helmet for any damage (cracks, dents and penetrations). Safety helmets must be replaced whenever the following occurs:

Any damage is detected. The helmet is involved in a heavy impact. The helmet has been in service for 3 years. All wearers must record the date of

issue on the label located on the inside of the helmet.




2.3 Eye/Face Protection2.3.1 IntroductionThe eyes are susceptible to short-term, prolonged or permanent damage from a variety of hazards ranging from contact with flying objects, dust, chemical splashes and exposure to both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. In some cases, the damage will be profound, sometimes resulting in the loss of sight in the affected eye; in others the effect may be a gradual deterioration of sight over time.

Where it is not possible to eliminate or control eye hazards, PPE should be supplied to staff and visitors in identified areas and should be worn at all times.

Eye protectors should comply with AS/NZS 1337 and filters for eye protectors should comply with AS/NZS 1338; recommended practices for occupational eye protection is given in AS/NZS 1336.

2.3.2 TypesDepending upon the eye hazard, there are a number of recommended eye protectors:

Safety spectacles (glasses)Safety glasses are the minimum acceptable method of protection, typically with side shields for additional protection. They protect the eyes against frontal low-velocity impacts only, they are not designed or intended to provide protection against particles having medium or high impact energy.

GogglesGoggles provide a greater degree of protection, and are available for a number of applications. Depending upon the specifications, they may protect against medium velocity impacts, splashes, dust and vapours.

FaceshieldsFaceshields generally provide the highest degree of protection, including protection to the face, forehead and the front of the neck. Depending upon the specifications, they may protect against low, medium and high velocity impacts, molten metal and hot solids splashes.

All of the above eye protectors may be fitted with tinted lenses to protect against various sources of radiation, such as excessive sunlight or glare, and specialist filters for welding.

Prescription glasses are generally inadequate against flying objects or particles and may even be dangerous. For staff or visitors requiring eye protection in addition to sight correction, the following options are available:

The use of prescription glasses worn with additional protection such as coverall goggles.

Suitable eye protector frames can be fitted with prescription lenses made from toughened glass or plastic to provide low impact resistance.

The wearing of contact lenses under eye protectors is generally satisfactory in most workplace situations. However, there are situations that may be more hazardous to the wearers of contact lenses. These include where the hazard is a dust or harmful liquid, vapour or gas.




2.3.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementArrangements should be made for the issuing of personal eye protection to ensure:

use of the correct type of eye protector, and that, wherever practicable, eye protectors are fitted to the wearer by a person who

is competent to select the correct size and type.

Eye protectors may be issued in any of the following ways: For exclusive use by one person (recommended). For temporary use by a person for a particular operation. For temporary use by a visitor.

The choice will depend upon the frequency and duration of exposure to the hazards and the type of eye protector provided.

A suitable anti-fogging compound should be made available for use with eye protectors, if necessary. Anti-fog goggles are also commercially available.

A means of ensuring that personal eye protectors are maintained in a clean and hygienic state, such as a cleaning station.

Eye protectors and lenses should be replaced when usage, accidental damage or age has resulted in the deterioration to a stage where the eye protector itself could be hazardous or no longer complies with the relevant Australian Standard. In particular, lenses which have been scratched or otherwise damaged should be replaced immediately.

2.4 Hearing Protection2.4.1 IntroductionStaff exposed or likely to be exposed to loud and excessive noise in the workplace must be provided with personal ear protectors.

The provision of such devices does not mean that no attempt is to be made to reduce noise levels to below the statutory limits, i.e. an eight-hour equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, LAeq,8h, of 85 dB(A) and a peak C-weighted sound pressure level, Lpeak, of 140 dB(C) by means of engineering controls.

Hearing protectors should comply with AS/NZS 1270 "Acoustics - Hearing protectors". This Standard specifies requirements for the design, materials, and performance of conventional hearing protectors. It also provides guidance on the general requirements for, and the physical and acoustic testing of, specialist protectors.

Information on occupational noise management is given in the AS/NZS 1269 series "Occupational noise management". The series deals with noise as it affects hearing. It also provides an integrated approach to establishing, implementing and evaluating an occupational noise management program.There are 5 parts in the series:

Part 0: Overview and general requirements Part 1: Measurement and assessment of noise immission and exposure Part 2: Noise control management Part 3: Hearing protector program Part 4: Auditory assessment




2.4.2 TypesThere are two main types of devices:

EarplugsEarplugs are inserted in the ear canal. They are intended to be fitted sufficiently firmly to completely fill the ear canal and be self-supporting. There are three main types of earplugs, all suitable for use with safety helmets and safety glasses: premoulded earplugs (disposable & reusable), individually moulded earplugs, and adaptable earplugs.

EarmuffsEarmuffs completely enclose the ear within a hollow cup. The cup is usually partly filled with a sound-absorbing foam, and is fitted with a soft ring-shaped cushion to provide a firm but comfortable seal around the ear. A spring headband usually holds a pair of earmuffs in place over the ears.

Specialist earplugs/earmuffs are available with inbuilt communicators consisting of noise-excluding microphones which can be used in areas where the noise level is too high to permit direct voice communication.

Hearing protectors are rated according to the attenuation they provide and are grouped into classes from 1 to 5, with 5 providing the greatest attenuation.

2.4.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementThe correct fitting of hearing protection devices is an important part of the hearing conservation program.

Premoulded earplugs should only be inserted if the ear canal is free from infection or obstruction by wax. If the canal is clear, an earplug is carefully placed in position as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The earplug will be effective only if it is firmly seated, but excessive force must not be used to insert it. The ear canal is very sensitive to pressure, and any pain experienced by the wearer will lead to rejection of the plug.

Individually moulded earplugs are generally reusable. Guidance in their use and maintenance should be obtained from the manufacturer’s instructions.

Adaptable earplugs are generally disposable and typically consist of a compressible plastics foam. Manufacturer’s recommendations should be followed for correct insertion.

Earmuffs are made in a single size with provision for adjustment by the wearer; no special fitting techniques are required. The earmuffs should be adjusted for the best seal, and where appropriate, checked if they placed in the correct orientation (left and right, or top and bottom).

Reusable earplugs should be washed with soap/detergent and water at the end of each day’s use and should be examined regularly for signs of damage or deterioration.

Earmuff cushions should be wiped clean at the end of each day’s use and should be thoroughly washed with soap/detergent and water at least once a week if used every day. The headband and the foam liner within the earmuff should be washed as often as necessary to keep them in a hygienic condition. Cushions should be periodically checked for damage or hardening and be replaced if necessary. The headband tension should also be checked occasionally to ensure that is sufficient to keep the muffs firmly sealed around the ears.

In all cases, any manufacturer’s instructions should be followed.




2.5 Respiratory Protection2.5.1 IntroductionRespiratory protective devices (respirators) are designed to give protection against one or more of the following inhalation hazards:

Deficiency of oxygen. Contaminants in particulate (such as dust, fume, and mist) form. Contaminants in gaseous (such as gas and vapour) form.

Caution: Respirators used for protection against contaminants in particulate and gaseous forms may not necessarily provide protection against oxygen deficiency.

Respirators should comply with AS/NZS 1716; a full description of the selection, use and maintenance of respirators is given in AS/NZS 1715.

2.5.2 TypesThere are two major types of respirators: air purifying and supplied air.

Air purifyingThere are two main types of air purifying respirators:

Particulate respirators which filter out thermally and mechanically generated particulates. There are three classes:

o Class P1: For mechanically generated particulates, e.g. wood dust.o Class P2: For both mechanically and thermally generated particulates, e.g.

welding fumes.o Class P3: For all particulates including highly toxic materials, e.g. beryllium.

Gas respirators which filter out certain vapours and gases. The filter has a limited useful life which varies with the volume of the sorbent and the conditions under which it is used. Such conditions include the concentration of the contaminant in the air, the humidity, and the breathing rate of the wearer. There are a number types:

o Type A: For use against certain (as specified) organic gases and vapours.o Type B: For use against certain (as specified) inorganic gases and

vapours.o Type E: For use against sulfur dioxide and other (as specified) inorganic

gases and acid gases.o Type G: For use against (as specified) low vapour pressure (less than 1.3

Pa at 25 °C) chemicals, e.g. many pesticides.o Type K: For use against ammonia and (as specified) ammonia derivatives.o Type MB: For use against methyl bromide.o Type AX: For use against certain (as specified) groups of low boiling point

(less than 65°C) organic chemicals.o Type Hg: For use against mercury vapour.o Type NO: For use against oxides of nitrogen.o Specific chemical type: For use against one or more specified chemicals

not falling into any of the above type descriptions.

In addition, there are four gas filter classifications, relating to the total amount (capacity) of gas/vapour which can be collected by the filter:

o Class AUS: Low capacity filters with a shorter life than Class 1.




o Class 1: Low absorption capacity filters.o Class 2: Medium absorption capacity filters.o Class 3: High absorption capacity filters.

In addition, filter combinations are available where both hazard types exist. The mode of air delivery may be either non-powered or powered (or a combination).

Supplied airSupplied air respirators deliver breathing air (or oxygen) to the wearer from an independent source. They are generally used in areas where there is an oxygen deficiency (such as confined spaces), or in situations where an air purifying respirator does not provide an adequate protection factor against the contaminant. Typically, if the contaminant is present at concentrations greater than 10 times the exposure standard, a supplied air respirator should be used (such as in spray painting booths).

There are three main types of supplied air respirators: Air-hose respirators Air-line respirators Self-contained breathing apparatus

2.5.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementFacial fit is an important factor in obtaining good protection when using half or full facepiece respirators. Respirators incorporating close fitting facepieces rely on facial fit to prevent inward leakage of contaminants. Such respirators must not be used by males who are not clean shaven about the cheeks, neck and jaw. For further information on facial fit refer to AS/NZS 1715.

Disposable respirators have a clear advantage where adequate maintenance facilities are unavailable. All other types require varying degrees of maintenance. The manufacturer’s instructions should be followed when setting up a maintenance program.

Refer to the manufacturer’s guidelines for filter replacement. If any warning symptoms such as odour or irritation occur, immediately change the filter(s)/ mask. It is important to note many contaminants may not pose any warning symptoms indicating filter breakthrough.

2.6 Hand Protection2.6.1 IntroductionIndustrial gloves and mittens are designed to provide protection for the hands and portions of the arms against common industrial hazards. They include:

Mechanical Chemical Heat Cold Biological Electrical shock

Information on occupational protective gloves is given in the AS 2161 series; insulating gloves for electrical purposes should comply with AS 2225.




2.6.2 TypesThere are numerous types of gloves available, offering various levels of protection. They can be broadly divided into two categories, protection against physical hazards or chemical hazards:

Protection against physical hazardso Leather gloves: Depending upon the construction, these gloves may

protect against heat, abrasion, and cuts.o Supported PVC gloves: These gloves may protect against cuts, and

abrasion.o Reinforced rubber gloves: These gloves may protect against cuts,

abrasion, and punctures.o Chain mail gloves: These gloves protect against cuts from cutting

implements such as knives.

In all cases, it is important to seek advice from the manufacturer before making a final selection of a glove to meet a particular need. There are special performance requirements for heat resistance, abrasion, static cut and puncture.

Protection against chemical hazardso Laminated film gloves: These gloves consist of multiple bonded layers and

offer a broad spectrum of chemical resistance.o Nitrile gloves: These gloves are suitable for a wide range of chemicals.

They are also available in a disposable range.o Neoprene gloves: These gloves provide excellent resistance to a wide

range of chemicals, including oils, acids, caustics, and solvents.o Supported polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gloves: These gloves provide excellent

resistance to aromatic and chlorinated solvents. They suffer from the disadvantage that they can not be used in water based solutions as the PVA coating is water soluble.

o Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gloves: These gloves are suitable for water based solutions. They are not suitable for organic solvents.

o Rubber gloves: These gloves are suitable for water based solutions. They are not suitable for organic solvents.

Check with the manufacturer to see if a particular type of glove can be used with certain chemicals. Some manufacturers publish permeation and degradation data on their range of gloves. Always check the MSDS to see what gloves are recommended when handling a particular chemical.

2.6.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementGloves should, where possible, be selected to suit the activity being undertaken and fit the wearer comfortably, i.e. be available in several sizes. Hands must be clean before wearing gloves.

Many gloves may cause excessive heat and sweating. These should generally be worn with cotton liners which are changed regularly to reduce accumulated moisture and minimise the risk of skin diseases.

Gloves should be regularly inspected for signs of wear and replaced as required. When soiled, gloves should be cleaned in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. In




any case, disposable gloves e.g. single use latex (surgical) should be discarded at the end of the day.2.7 Foot Protection2.7.1 IntroductionIn general protective footwear should be worn to reduce injuries to feet resulting from:

contact with falling, rolling or cutting objects; penetration through the sole or uppers; degloving (skin pulled away from feet); explosions and electrical hazards; contact with chemicals, heat and molten metal; and slipping.

Information on occupational protective footwear is given in the AS/NZS 2210 series.

2.7.2 TypesThe correct sort of footwear should be chosen with regard to the possible hazards that may be encountered. The type of footwear is graded by the level of protection offered by the protective toecap (formerly only steel toecaps were available). Three graded toecaps are available in four footwear types. Other factors include general sturdiness of construction including stitching and type of soling material. Additionally, special footwear complying with AS/NZS 2210.2 may have the following features: fuel-resistant outsoles, penetration-resistant midsoles, electricity conductive properties, and anti-static properties.

The choice of tread pattern is very important when selecting protective footwear. Flexible footwear which will enable most tread elements to contact the walking surface, and those with the most tread elements per unit area of the sole are preferred. Tread elements should be smooth and flat on the contact surface and be of sufficient depth not to wear away during the useful life of the footwear.

2.7.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementFootwear must be tried by wearer to ensure acceptable fit and comfort before issue/purchase.

Manufacturer’s guidelines should be adhered to maximise the useful life of the protective footwear.

Footwear should be replaced when wear & tear impact on the effectiveness, i.e. insufficient remaining tread, damage to uppers and/or inners.

A second pair of footwear should be obtained when the current pair are near the end of their useful life; this allows the second pair to be ‘broken in’ by wearing them a few hours a day.

2.8 Body Protection2.8.1 IntroductionProtective clothing in the workplace can range from outer clothing protecting inner clothing from dirt and the wearer from small burns, cuts, and abrasions, to giving whole body protection against extremes of heat or cold, radiation, or hazardous chemicals.

There are a number of Australian Standards dealing with protective clothing, refer to the listing at the end of this procedure.




2.8.2 TypesThe simplest form of body protection is provided by work clothes of the following types:

Work trousers Bib and brace overalls Full length coveralls Dust coats (laboratory coats) Work shirts Industrial jackets

More specific clothing is available for certain tasks or jobs, such as: Aprons & leggings for chainsaw operators (e.g. horticulture staff) Jackets, sleeves, aprons, spats & leggings with low flammability characteristics for

welding operations (e.g. tool storepersons)

2.8.3 Fitting, maintenance and replacementIn most cases the article is worn over general industrial clothing. The garment should be designed to be easily donned and comfortable to wear.

3. Working Outdoors3.1 IntroductionThe risk of over-exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight has been well documented. Australia has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world.

Outdoor workers are a high risk group for skin disease as their work involves a working life-time's exposure to UV radiation from the sun.

In addition to direct sunlight, UV radiation can be indirect. Substantial amounts of UV radiation can be reflected from items in the environment, including water (up to 30%), sand (up to 20%), and grass (up to 5%) as well as from other solid surfaces and clouds and particles in the sky. This means that you can be sunburned in the shade.

The known health effects of ultraviolet exposure from sunlight are:

Acute Radiation burn (sunburn) Photosensitisation of the skin Photoconjunctivitis (inflammation of mucous membrane covering a portion of the

eye, photokeratitis (inflammation of the cornea e.g. snow blindness)

Chronic Premature aging of the skin Damage to the retina of the eye Keratosis (sometimes called sunspots) Cataracts of the eye Skin cancer such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC),

and melanoma




The best way to protect against the serious long-term ill effects of the sun, such as premature ageing of the skin and skin cancer, is to reduce the total duration of the exposure, particularly in the middle of the day between 10am and 2pm (11am and 3pm daylight saving time), and to complement this by using a combination of shade, a sun-hat, adequate clothing, sunglasses and a sunscreen.

Exposure to photosensitising substances can worsen the effects of solar ultraviolet radiation. Some examples of photosensitisers are coal tar and several of its by-products, certain dyes, selected plants and fruits and a number of medications. Those who may be exposed to these substances are gardeners, surveyors, construction workers, horticulturists, florists, and agricultural workers.

3.2 TypesA risk assessment needs to be undertaken to assess individual staff needs.

3.2.1 ClothingClothing should cover the neck, arms and legs, be made of close-weave fabric, e.g. drill cotton, and designed to be loose fitting for air circulation.

3.2.2 SunscreensSunscreens should have a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 30+ and be water resistant.

Sunscreens should be applied in accordance with the manufacturers label directions. In general, sunscreens should be applied at least 15 minutes before the start of work and re-applied at least every two hours under normal conditions and at least every hour in cases of profuse sweating.

3.2.3 Head wearHats should have broad brims (10 - 12 cm) that cover the face, neck and ears.

These should not be provided to staff that are required to bend or work in a non upright position, such as working on roofs, plumbing, boat building, etc. In such cases the hat supplied should provide protection to the ears, neck and face. The type which offers the most protection are peeked caps with ear and neck flaps (also known as legionnaire’s caps).

3.2.4 SunglassesSunglasses should meet Australian Standard (AS/NZS 1067) and block out 100% UV radiation.




4. Common limitations associated with PPEPPE is the least effective means of controlling risks and as such should not be used as the primary means of protection, but ideally only as a back-up to support other control measures. Some limitations of PPE include:

The hazard is not removed from the workplace and therefore still has the potential to cause harm both to staff & students if the PPE is not worn and to others exposed to the risk.

Its effectiveness depends on the person wearing the item during exposure to the risk.

It is often uncomfortable and/or decreases the dexterity of staff & students, and may be removed for these reasons. Alternative PPE should be assessed for individuals to overcome these limitations, e.g. trialling different models/brands, communicators contained in hearing protection.

The specific maintenance and fit requirements for PPE may not be followed or understood by the purchaser and/or wearer, rendering it ineffective.

The PPE selected must be of appropriate materials and specifications for the task. The level of protection may not be specified on the equipment. A false sense of security experienced by the wearer of PPE, which may lead to

other important procedures not being followed. Diversion of attention from more effective control measures. Infection may occur from the sharing of PPE which has not been effectively

cleaned and maintained.

DefinitionsNone at this time.

DelegationsThere are no specific delegations listed in the Delegations Manual on this procedure.

References and Related InformationNSW Act: Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000

NSW Regulation: Occupational Health and Safety Regulation 2001

NSW WorkCover Codes of Practice & Guidance material:These can be downloaded and/or purchased from NSW WorkCover (http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/formspublications/Pages/default.aspx).The below selection is not exhaustive: Chainsaw Safety, Guide, 2002 Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances, Code of Practice, 2006 Dermatitis - The Facts Starting From Scratch, Guide, 2002 Health and Safety Guidelines for Hairdressers, Guide, 2003 Low Voltage Electrical Work, Code of Practice, 2007 Nail Technician’s Tips for Health & Safety, Guide, 2000Personal Protective Equipment Version 4 of 18



http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/formspublications/Pages/default.aspx

Noise Management and Protection of Hearing at Work, Code of Practice, 2004 Occupational Health and Safety in Hospitality, Supervisors training manual, 2003 Pregnancy and Work, Guide, 2002 Safe Use of Pesticides including Herbicides in Non-Agricultural Workplaces, Code of

Practice, 2006 Skin Cancer and Outdoor Workers: A Guide for Employers - which will cost you more,

Guide, 1998 Skin Cancer and Outdoor Workers: A Guide for Workers - the choice is yours Spray Painting, Guide, 2001 Spray Painting - What apprentices need to know, Fact Sheet, 2001 Storage and Handling of Dangerous Goods, Code of Practice, 2005 Work in Cold Environments, Fact Sheet, 2001 Work in Hot Environments, Fact Sheet, 2001 Work in Hot or Cold Environments, Code of Practice, 2001 Your Guide to Workplace Health & Safety - English (also available in Greek, Maltese,

Serbian, Spanish, Tagalog & Vietnamese), Guide, 1999

Australian Standards & Guides:These can be purchased from SAI Global (http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/).The below selection is not exhaustive: AS/NZS 1067: Sunglasses and fashion spectacles AS/NZS 1269: Occupational noise management AS/NZS 1270: Acoustics - Hearing protectors AS 1319: Safety signs for the occupational environment AS/NZS 1336: Recommended practices for occupational eye protection AS/NZS 1337: Eye protectors for industrial applications AS/NZS 1338: Filters for eye protectors AS/NZS 1715: Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective devices AS/NZS 1716: Respiratory protective devices AS/NZS 1800: Occupational protective helmets - Selection, care and use AS/NZS 1801: Occupational protective helmets AS/NZS 2161: Occupational protective gloves AS/NZS 2210: Occupational protective footwear AS 2225: Insulating gloves for electrical purposes AS/NZS 2243: Safety in laboratories AS/NZS 2604: Sunscreen products - Evaluation and classification AS/NZS 4399: Sun protective clothing - Evaluation and classification AS/NZS 4453: Protective clothing for users of hand-held chainsaws AS/NZS 4501: Occupational protective clothing AS/NZS ISO 2801: Clothing for protection against heat and flame - General

recommendations for selection, care and use of protective clothing HB 9: Occupational personal protection HB 76: Dangerous Goods - Initial emergency response guide

Useful links: Safe Work Australia:

www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au




http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/

http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/

Safe Work Australia, Hazardous Substances Information System:http://hsis.ascc.gov.au

National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC):www.nhmrc.gov.au

NSW Department of Health:www.health.nsw.gov.au

WorkCover NSW:www.workcover.nsw.gov.au

The Cancer Council (NSW):www.cancercouncil.com.au

Office of Environment & Heritage:www.environment.nsw.gov.au

SAI Global (purchase of Australian Standards):http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/

Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists (AIOH):www.aioh.org.au

National Safety Council of Australia Ltd (NSCA):www.nsca.org.au

Royal Australian Chemical Institute (RACI):www.raci.org.au

Safety Institute of Australia Ltd (SIA):www.sia.org.au

Chemwatch (Chemgold II):http://chemwatchdb.det.nsw.edu.au

Chemical Safety in Schools:https://detwww.det.nsw.edu.au/assetmanagement/chemicals/

Ansell (Asia Pacific):www.ansell.com.au/

Ansell: SpecWare - Online chemical hand protection (database):www.ansellpro.com/specware/index.asp

Penalties for non-complianceThe Personal Protective Equipment procedure is based on legislative requirements.

Failure to demonstrate compliance may result in prosecution of the Institute and/or individuals resulting in fines and possible imprisonment.

Associated Forms and Documents OH&S Responsibilities - Policy OHS Risk Management procedure Chemical Safety Program




http://sitwww.tafensw.edu.au/pack/document/view/?T69BDC5RBXENU89VKWPL

http://sitwww.tafensw.edu.au/pack/document/view/?0VIQZ8GC2ZLMK7YIMWY3

http://sitwww.tafensw.edu.au/pack/document/view/?Q9Q4B4ILB0AV52J1YC8O

http://www.ansellpro.com/specware/index.asp

http://www.ansell.com.au/

https://detwww.det.nsw.edu.au/assetmanagement/chemicals/

http://chemwatchdb.det.nsw.edu.au/

http://www.sia.org.au/

http://www.raci.org.au/

http://www.nsca.org.au/

http://www.aioh.org.au/

http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/

http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.cancercouncil.com.au/

http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/

http://hsis.ascc.gov.au/

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