Persian for Travel 00 Fin Nu Oft
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Transcript of Persian for Travel 00 Fin Nu Oft
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fcm^issssmimvs
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FS\ /V
PERSIAN FOR TRAVELLERS.By ALEXANDER FINN, F.R.G.S., F.R.A.S.,
H.J1. CONSUL AT RESHT,
$art h\
RTJIDIIMENTS OW GRAMMAR.ENGLISH-PERSIAN VOCABULARY,
LONDON:TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL.
1884. ^2*~$ *!'
\_All rights reserved.'] ( •
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TO
MADAME SCHOFER,
IN REMEMBRANCE OF CONVERSATIONS HELD AT TAJREESH, ON THE
SUBJECT OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK IS
RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT
SERVANT,
THE COMPILER.
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PREFACE.
This is a work of no pretensions. It is essentially a work for begin-
ners. To those who wish for a complete grammar I can recommend
no better than that by Mirza Ibrahim (Allen, 1841). Richardson's
Dictionary still holds its own as the best extant. There are even
words in this which would not find their way into a learned lexicon,
but are nevertheless useful, not to say necessary, to those holding
intercourse with the natives {i.e. slang). No learned attempt has
here been made to phoneticize the words or always to represent the
same Persian by the same English letters; each word has been
written down as seems to be necessary for any Englishman to be able
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VI PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
to pronounce it intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight and without
hesitation.
Englishmen, on seeing a word for the first time, usually strain their
mouths and their voices in order to give the words what they imagine
to be a proper accent and sound, especially when dealing with the
vowels. I entreat those who may use this book to treat the words as
though they were English. I have done my best to produce the
proper effect by the usual methods. Where an a has to be pronounced
long, or broadly, I have marked it with the sign we used at school in
dealing with Latin, and have avoided French accents and Hunterian
marks, the use of which, except by the initiated, only end in producing
results as curious as unnecessary.
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PREFACE. Vit
The letter g, whenever it appears, should be pronounced hard, as in
give and get.
As a rule h when met with must be aspirated (unless after c. g, k, s,
t, z, when of course that combination has its proper sound), as in belt-
ter (better). When at the end of a word h has to be aspirated it has
been written double as in vazehJi (evident).
Here I beg to express my thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshee,
of the British Legation, for the valuable assistance he has rendered mein writing in the Persian words of this Vocabulary.
ALEXANDER FINK
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INTRODUCTION,
Pebsian Grammar is simplicity itself. There is only one declension andtwo conjugations.
Substantives have the nominative and aocusative, the latter formed
by adding ra to the former : the other cases, with the exception of the
genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual particles, as be (to) to the
dative, az (from) to the ablative, &c. The genitive alone is peculiar,and is formed either by the particle az, or, as in other Oriental languages*by the termination of the previous word in i ; for example,
J^d. t. . Utah.The cover of (sign of genitive) the book.
Sag* », shuma.The dog of (sign of genitive) you, i.e. your dog.
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X PERSIAN GRAMMAR.
A'i sag i shumd amad jild i kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.
A'i Oh! (vocative) sag dog (nominative) i of [sign of genitive) shumd
you amad came jild cover i of (sign of genitive) kitdb the book-ra (sign
of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) beiroon
outside burd took.
ADJECTIVES
are declined in the same way as substantives. There are three degrees
of comparison. For comparative add ter to the positive, and for the super-
lative add tereen ; for example,
bad badter badtereen
bad worse worst
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xii PEESIAK GEAMMAB.
There are two conjugations, the one ending in tan and the other in dans
as a rule the latter is perfectly regular. The perfect tense is formed
directly from the root of the infinitive, in both conjugations, ex. grat.,
dddan ' to give,' dad being the root. For the first person singular add an to
the root; for the second person add ee; the third person is the same as the
root. In the plural add eem to the root for the first person, eed for the
second, and and for the third, thus :—
^.ita Dddan.— Infinitive.
Singular. Plural*
1.pata dadam, 1.
^atadadeem
2. \jo^ dadee 2. Jjota dadeed
3. <>b dad 3. ^b dadand
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Veebs. xm
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., jTbe koon
2nd pers. plur., JuiJo be kooned
^f Kardan.-*" To do."
Past Participle.
Singular1
.
1. *^« mi kiinam
2. jj^c mi kiini
3. jJ^* mi kunad
1. j.^ kardam
2. ^^kardee3. ^T kard
PEESENT.
PeEFECT.
i^rkardeh
Plural.
1. ^C* mi kuneem
2. »v*l« mi kuneed
3. .x^o mi kunand
1. *}.}/' kardeem
2. Jj^T kardeed
3. Jj^Tkardand
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XIV FEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
FlJTUEE.
1. »sfj»\y» kbabam kard
2. if^y* kbabee kard
3. ^Jjfclji. kbabad kard
1. >ap *jj»lja.kbabeem kard
2. if^fi\y^ kbabeed kbard
3.i>j J^lji. kbaband khard
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., ^ besbo
2nd pers. plural, Jjj^j besbaveed
Peesejstt.
Singular.
,J-- Shudan.—" To become."
Past Participle.
L. « ft'iVi' ;t.O
9 . '
mi sbavam
mi sbavee
mi sbaveed
sJw. shudeb
Plural.
1. *jj^« mi sbaveem
2. Jj^^o mi sbaveed
3. Jo*£-<a mi sbavand
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VEEBS. XV
Pekfect.
1. -J-i. shudam
2. i^J^i shudee
3. oi shud
1. >X£> ** ^» khaham shud
kkahee shud
khahad shud
1. ^Jwi shudeem
2. OiJ£ shudeed
3. JJJ-2> shudand
Ftjtuee.
khaheem shud
khaheed shud
khahand shud
o 0j> Boodan.
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., Jil? bash
2nd pers. plur., J^l. basheed
"To be."
Past Participle.
sjjj boodeh
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XVI PERSIAN GRAMMAR,
Present.
1,
2,
3,
bastam
hastee
o-a bast
1* **y boodam
2. ^sy boodee
3, zy bood
1. *y iSk1^ kbabam bood
2.j»jj i^
1
^*-kbab.ee bood
3. iy ^y, kbabed bood
Perfect.
Future,
1,
2,
3.
basteem
hasteed
bastand
p>ty.boodeem
.Joji^j
boodeed.
3» Jisy boodaud.
1
2
1. *y t*^y* kbabam bood
2. zy JuaI^. kbabeed bood
3. ty Xjklji.kbahaud bood
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VEBBS.XVU
».>b dadeb.
^.sb Dadan.—" To give."
ImperaWi*.^s' PatrUcvple
2nd pers. sing., »^> bedeb
2nd pers. plur., ***> bedeheed.
Present
Singular.
1. **J** mi dabam
2. ,/^ mi dabee
3. JaJ-o mi dabad
1.
2.
3.
Plural.
^stbj-*mi dabeem
j^jujo mi dabeed
j^j«-o mi daband.
1. ..ab dadan
2. t$ib dadee
3. ab dud
Perfect.1. ^ab dadeem
2. Joob dadeed
3. jjjb dadand
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xvm PEESIAN GEAMMAB.
FUTTJEE.
1. alo y*'»i. khaham dad
2.
3.
r^y-^IJ> 1*3. khahee dadc^y-jb Jj»1 khahad dad
y^J^i. Khdstan.—•" To will
Imperative.
2nd pers. sing., s\j& bekhah
2nd pers. plur., J*fcjy» bekhaheed
1. jU**»)_>»
khaheem dad
2. ^b J^W> khaheed dad
2. jUjjj^ji-
kbaband dad
; to wish ; to want."
Past Participle.
.vzwlfti. kbasteb
Singular.
1. **ly** mi khaham
2. ^'^a** nii khahee
3. jjklyt* mi khahad
Peesent.Plural.
1 . *t*>\y&* mi khaheem
2. J** 1^" mi khaheed
3. J^Jkly** mi khahand
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VERBS. XIX
Perfect.
1.
2.
3.
khastam
khastee
L**''
jIti. khast
1.
2.
3.
-_t.
Future.
khaham khast 1.
Us.^fcl^i.
kkahee khast
oJ^i. J*lji khahand khast
2.
3.
1. *=-Jj±. kkasteeni
2. Jtf-»V" khasteed
3. J^-ly- kkastand
(^Jy. ^e»lj»khaheem khast
o-\j4- J^y- kkaheed khast'
i» jj^ly.khahand khast
Eemark
In quoting another person's words the Persians give, as nearly as they
can, the words that he actually used. In English we say,- He said that
he was coming ;" in Persian they say," He said I am coming.
'
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XX PEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
PRONOUNS.
The pronouns are, as in other languages, three, but in Persian they have
no geuder, and are as follows :—
I, ^ Mun We, L Ma
Thou, y To You, Li Shuma
He or she, \ An, vulg., Oon. They, l«3l .AnTia, vulg., Oon/ia
Colloquially the possessive is formed by adding,
In the Singular, ui, o, fm, t, sh
In the Plural, ^li, 'J, U ma, tan, shan
In the substantive, ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.
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IS aspcm, my horse
£2\ aspat, thy horse
jJL\ aspash, his horse
1. eL yek
2. j* do
3. a-, seh
4 # .l^a. chehfir
KTJMEEALS.
t* fcJ3 aspi-rna, our horse
JL1A aspi-tdn, your horse
at£\ aspi-shdn, your horse
NUMEEALS
XXI
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
jj panj
shesh
oft* 7ia/£
hasht
ii noh
10. »J $a7i
11. o^jlj yazdah
12. s^ doazdeh
13. sisja*seesdeh
14. sj.'^ chehardeh
15. s^jb panzdeh
16. s^b shdnsdeh
17. jjift heevdeh
18. *>*£* lieejdeh
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xxu PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
19.
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PEESIAN VOCABULARY.
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VOCABULARY.
A.
A, an, ek yek.
Abandon, v., ^j^Tdy tarfc kardan.
Abase, v., ^sf <-«*& khafeef Jcardan.
Abash, v., C^-»L sJ^~»ji>sharmandeh
sakhtan.
Abbreviate, «., ^^T^s* mukhtasar
/cardan.
Abdicate, v., ^ata *W=— \ istefa dadan.
Abdomen, &> shaJcam.
Abet, v., &sy>j {jj^. yari nemoodan. '
Abettor, Jk ydr ; e!^* moharek.
Abide, ^JoU mandan ; a&pi {j^>sukna nemoodan.
Ability, «y kooveh, ^jj zarangi.
Able, d3jj zarang.
Ablution, J~£ ghasl.
Abode, ^K* makdn;{j^» sukna.
Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.r-dan.
Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.
Above, ^? bald.
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YOCABTJLAEY.
About, jj± dor. —(concerning),
yj>yi^. ji dur Jchesoos.
Absolute, jlia* mutlak; Jax~n> mus-
takil.
Abscond, v., crM, j J dur roftan,
tf&kf gureekhtan.
Absent, v., c J-i t-*il£ gha'ib shudan ;
—in mind, J»lc ghafil ; Je\± ^^.ji
perishan-i-khater.
Abstain,!'., ^Jj^ji parheez kardan;
(to avoid), y&J?i^\a&\ ijtenab kar-
dan.
Abstinence, j-ft^ parlieez.
Absurd, jou^j bee hoodeh; ^/j***-?bee
ma'ani.
Absurdity, ^^a beehoodehgee.
Abundance, ,J^J faravani.
Abundant, J\j\j faravdn.
Abuse, v., yj^ »U£.> doshnam da-
dan.
Abuse, -Ilia doshnam.
Accelerate, v., ±J~ J-?3"
ta'ajeel
kardan.
Accept, v., ytjf^jj kabool kard.an.
Acceptance ^J \j>Aj pezeerdi'.
Access, cj/ fcwrb.
Accident, jlol itifak.M
Accidental, ^^J'l itifaki.
Accidentally, IsUjI itifakan.
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VOCABT/LAKY.
Accompany, v., osfj^j** Jiamrahee
Tcardan.
Accomplice, <2k^£. shareeJc.
Accomplish, v., ^ j»UStamam Tcar-
dan.
Accordingly, IJ*! le haza.
According (to), &\yc mo-afiJc ; ^^_^la mo-jib.
Account (news), j*z» Tchabar ; (mo-
ney), uL» hissab.
Account, v., yjjb v_jL^. Jiisab dadan.
Accumulate, v., *f*+z. jam Jcardan.
Accuracy, i^*-" sihhat.
Accurate, ->*"" sahheeJih.
Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;
(false), o-^j' tuhmat.
Accuse, ^if oi^i shilcdet Jcardan ;
i>f\s.±\ ida'a Jcardan.
Accuse (falsely), ^j o»# tuhmatzadan.
Accuser, (J^= ]£ shalci ; ^<u muda'i ;
w
*#u mutahim.
Ache, ij* dard.
Ache, v., gsf i>ji>dard Jcardan.
Acid, <J>j tursh.
Acknowledge, v., o^tfj]/^ ihrar Jcar-
dan.
Acorn, kjijbaloot.
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4 VOCABULAKY.
Acquaint, v., ^U U^l ashnd salch
tan ; a iUSt!W»1 -it-iZa dadan.
Acquaintance, U-l ashnd.
Acquire, v., ^jl »-iyaa fee tesaroofawardan ; ^t* ydftan.
Acquit, v., yj^j t-iW ma'af kardan;
{2zjTue>'h» khelass kardan.
Acquittal, ^^.i khelas.
Across,^--^jl az sar be sar.
Act, v., ^f kardan ; ^^J %e-moodan.
Action, ^as fi-el.
Actual, J*??*- hakeeki; aJL, hali-eh.
Add (arithmetic), v., ^j/a^. jam'kardan; (increase), O^js\afzoodan.
Adhere, v., ^J* chaspeedan ;
^ysjfjlai' ta'aluk giriftan.
Adhesive, e)U-~~*. chaspndk.
Admire, v., ^^x^jpasand kardan.
Admit, v., o^J*5 kabool kardan;
(to a room), ^f Ji-b ddkhel
kardan.
Admonish, v., ^ta otf^' naseehat
dadan.
Admonition, o.*^ naseehat.
Adopt, v., ^^j jUil ikhtidr ne-
moodan.
Adoration, o^Lc ibddet ; J^~^ P *
ris£es7i.
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YOCABTJLAET.
Adore, v., ^^^ji peresteedan.
Adorn, v., &»\j\ arastan; ^[^jpee-
rastan.
Adulterate, v., *f tjli malhloot
kardan.
Adultery, lijzena.
Advance (money), v., ^ata J~ri peesh
dfidan ; (proceed), ^j J~j peesh
raftan.
Advance-guard, J5 l/» J~i peesh ka-
raool ; (advanced camp), a*-* J^i
peesh Tcheimeh ; (advanced in
years), ti>j^^> sal Tchoordeh.
Advantage, »J^ fai-edeh.
Adversary, &+Z* dosimian ; <-kj*
hareef ; j^^ vandal.
Adversity, \ held; j^^ lad bakhti.
Advertise, v., aaf j^> viuntesher
kardan; a&\a /-^ intishfir da-
dan.
Advice, \s^f naseehat.
Advise, v., d* o&* naseehat da-
dan.
Affair, jVkfir; j*\ amr.
Affidavit, ^S hasam.
Affirm, aifj)f\ Mrfir Jcardan.
Affirmation, j\j\ ikrar.
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VOCABTTLAEY.
Affix, v., cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal),
^.i^gjnemooden.
Afflict, v., a*f)^* dilkhor kardan ;
sy.e)U^ ghumnak boodan.
Affluence, ^J^j^ dowlet mundee..
Affluent, J^^j* dowlet onund.
Affront, v., ^f *s~j# bee hormat
kardan.
Afraid (to be), a*~>j tarseedan.
After, ±*> la' ad; u^fus.
Afternoon, j^- asr.
Afterwards, v. See After.
Again, jl> bdz ; ^^ do bdrah.
Against, <-i^« khelaf ; ^> zid ; J*1*-
mukabil.
Age,j+* umr.
Agent Jij vakeel.
Agile, jjfirx ; &j) zarang.
Agility, &J firzee ; J^jj zarangi.
Aggrandize, v., ±f ^jj->. btizurg
kardan.
Agree, v., c^> ^f>\rdzi shudan.
Agreement, j\j kardr.
Agriculture, u~p1j zaru'at.
Ague (and fever), j)3 ^ tab va larz.
Ah ! si ah; »\jvali ; J\j vdi.
Ahead, J~i peesh.
Aid, &Skomek ;«>J- medad.
Ail, 1'., o*#^ ^ee ^ boodan.
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VOCABULARY.
Aim (object), &y*U mdhsood ; (tar-
get),-ullj nishdneh.
Aim, v., &*/ JjI/ Icaraool giriftan.
Air, lj*hawa.
Alarm, i^-t* *Mrs>' p**
^eem; uiji
fe/iof.
Alas. See Ah.
Alcove, i^A5 «^» s^"^ nesheen.
Alert, jl-A* hoshydr.
Alien, aJ^j beegdneh.
Alight, v., e)J^ *>»W piddeh shudan,
Alike,^ barabar ; Ji* raisl.
All, ** hameh.
Allegiance, o*U»l itd-at ; ifj\*j$*j
ferman berdari.
Alleviate, v., &*ff kam hardan.
Alliance, J^ ahd; J&Sl itifak.
Allow, v., ^\^guzdshtan ; ^b &**
izn dddan.
Alloy,j\? iydr.
Alloy, v., o*£M *V«r fccw^om.
Allure, ujdb u-i/ /areeb dadan.
Ally, £& ra/eefc; ,U a/ar ; cv-jJ
doost.
Almanack, *jj&jtahveem.
Almighty (the), JU J\>& khodd
ta'ald.
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8 V0CABT7LAKY.
anAlmond, J^Ij bddam.
Almost, eloji nazdeek ; >-*>.J^
kareeb.
Alms, <wJw> sadakeh.
Aloe,^ sabr.
Alone, V-> tanlia ; dJ talc.
Along, ^jljJo be derdzee.
Aloof, J^ ba'eed.
Already, u-jj j\ J^j peesli as vaklit ;
(as a question), tjsj) ^ be een
zoodee.
Also, ** hum ; yj neez ; \J»\ a'izan.
Alter, v., v^v^j* avaz liardan.
Altercation, ataU* nwjadileh.
Although, **f\ igur cheh.
Altitude, t^xL boolandi; clai'jl irtifa\
Altogether, **U bahum ; U^**. ja-mee'dn.
Alum, Jl'j zak.
Always, *£-* hameesheli.
Am (I), *x~a hastam.
Amanuensis, *_J: lf katib.
Amass, v., sjf*j? jam' kardan.
Amaze, v., ^Jf^^*. hayran Tcardan.
Amazement, <—*s? ajab; o^ hayrat;
t—.s50 ta'ajub.
Ambassador, ,J*
'
eelchi.
Amber, \^ kahruba.
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VOCABULARY.
Ambition, yj>j» Mrss ; jJb,ki nazar
buland.
Ambitious, Ji5jJb buland nazar.
Amble, &/_ yurgheh.
Amble, v., ^j &ji yurgheh raftan.
Ambuscade, v^Skameen.
Amend, v., ^j^o--,^ drust kardan;
cJiJT^s^ tas'hheehh kardan.
Amendment, **?*** tas'hheehh.
Amiable, iy^j^ ndzeneen.
Amity, j^j* doostee ; <J^*« mehri-
bdnee.
Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ dakhil.
Amount, *i*o mublagh.
Ample, \^i^kejdiet ; ^kafi.
Amputate, v., ^^ji buridan.
Anathema, e^aJ la'anat.o
Ancestors, ^ba-1 ajdad.
Anchor, f£ langar.
Ancient, **J£ kadeem ; i^kohneh.
And, j xa, o.
Anecdote, a-oS kisseh.
Anew, y)\ azno.
Angel, *£>j ferishteh ;ell* malak.
Anger,^3 kahr.
Angle, jS'kung ; i^^goosheh.
Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.
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10 YOCABULAET.
AnguJsh,jlj1 azdr.
Animal,jjSW jawwer s o^ haiwdn.
Animosity, i^Tceeneh; j+£± dosh-
mdni; ojIj^ adawat.[]chan i zoreki
Ankle, c^ srTwtssefc; J, 5j ^y^ ] ustu-
Annals, &,\y tawdreekh.
Annex, v., ^jH payvastan.
Annihilate, v., o*f^ tamdn Tear-
dan.
Announce, &&\*j& Wwhr dadan.
Anoint, «., ^f^Jrs charl kardan '
Another, f.s Jk yeki deeger.
Answer, vlja. jaivab.
Answer, v., &a\a v\j> jawal dadan.
Ant, ^jy murcheh.
Antagonist, u%» hareef; J>'*« mo-
kabil.
Antelope, 1p* jayran.
Anterior, c^r-s-i Jpeesheen.
Antimony,^ surmeh.
Anxiety, J^.^ tashveesh.
Any, ,*» lieech.
Apart, \J«. jwd# ; \y» seevd.
Apartment, ^y->manzel.
Aperient, J4-* mos'hil.
Apologize, v., tr-ly- jj* «zr TcMstan.
Apology,j <& uzr.
Apoplexy, *£~> sakMeh.
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VOCABTTLAEY. 11
Apostle, Jj~^ resool.
Apothecary, j^s- atdr ; jLlj-a dawfi-
sfiz.
Apparatus, uLI ashfib ; i=>511 alat.
Apparel, db_# poshfiTc.
Apparent, >lt zfiher ; ^vfizehh.
Appear, v.,^ o^.Uj nimayfin shu-
dan; ^J^ta^ nemoodfir shudan.
Appearence, y»Ui sa7ier; U5 nema .
jj£, zehoor.
Appertain, v., ^^ tfibeh shudan.
Appetite, l^l ishtiha.
Applaud, v., ^^.}\ afereen guftan.
Apple, <-~-» seeb.
Apply (to put together), v., atyj Islt
alka nemoodan; (to ask), ^^-^Tchdstdn ; c^/Jlf- soofil Teardan.
Appoint, o^'jy^ ma'amoor Tcardan.
Appointment, c^j-U, ma'amoori-et.
Apportion, v., dj/ow Tcismet kar-
dan.
Appraise, v., ^/c^" Tcaimat Tcar-
dan.
Apprehend (to sieze), v., jaf girif-
tan; (to fear), ±*~>J turseedan;
^\z &+s>\jvfihemeh dasMan.
Apprehension, v*J turs; a+*\j vfihe-
meh.
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12 VOCABULARY.
Apprentice, ^/li shagird.
Approach, v., v&izj nazdeek.
Approbation, x*~j pasand; JoJjI^*
sawdbdeed.
Approve, v., ^^jJj—j pasandeedan ;
*p Jw-j pasand kardan.
Apricot, jlbj zard aloo.
Apt, J? Is kdbil ; Jj}) ld-yik ; t_—»L«
Aquatic, <^1 abee.
Arbiter, cJU sd-liss.
Arbitrary, ,JU;zdlim.
Arch, jll» £a& ; ul^ mihrdb.
Archer, j ljiJ-» sadaltddr.
Architect, o-J^ mohandaz.
Archives,^!-
Is ^ deftiter.
Ardour, o^c gheirat.
Are, (v., Introduction).
Area, ^Ij^ maydan.
Argue, 'u., *f^sS guft o goo kar-
dan ; y^ib J^+zS' keshmdkishddshtan.
Arid, elli. khuskh, j>_[i bdyer.
Aries, J*a. hernial.
Aristocracy, ^y> buzurgdn.
Arithmetic, l-jL-s. hisdb.
Ark, 4uLi safeeneh.
Arm, jjl bazoo.
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VOCABULARY. 13
Arm, v., j^x-jas^' asleheh bastan;
ly^jSkamar bastan.
Armoury, aiU. *&. jubbeh Tchaneh.
Armour, j\j. yea rah.
Armpit, J*j baghal.
Arms, asM aslaha, t^j* o^l alat i
harbieh; elba. oj.il adawati jang.
Army, J& leshkar^jC^- asTcar.
Around, tj^ijfgerdagerd; j^ dor.
Arouse, v., ^^T^Ijuj beedar Tcardan.
Arrange, v., ^^0-,^ drust Tcardan;
^ta J*3 nazm dddan.
Arrangement, o~j j ^ band bast.
Arrear, JU bafct; a*3 tetumeh.
\ JLmI -sjJ
Arrest, v., j&f giHftan; ±fhabs Tcardan.
Arrival, tjjj verood; Jy>j vesool
Arrive, v., &±~>j rasidan ; a
vdrid shudan.
Arrogance, j^/- gheroor.
Arrogant,jj^i* maghroor.
Arrogate, v., ^J U^l ida a Tcardan.
Arrow, j£ teer.Hi
Arsenal, *3 1* x&jubbeh Tchaneh.
Arsenic, yij-eK- marg-i-moosh.
Art, ^ /an ,• (jpl. yi /anoon-).
Artery, \^> sher'yan ; is), rag.
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14 VOCABULAKY.
hI
Articulate, v., oif^ talafuz kar-
dan.
Artifice, aL* Jieeleh.
Artificial, ^y** masnoo-ee.
Artillery, *i\&y toopkhdneh.
Artless, <-jj3j*j bee vekoof ;i*\~>
Seidell.
As, ay* clioon.
Ascend, v., ^J^l 91} bdld-dmadan ;
^jbol^j ber dmadan.
Ascertain, v., &sf&** tahkeek kar-
dan ; ^f^* mo-ai-yen kardan.
Ascribe, v., .o^ta c>»—i nisbat dadan.
Ash (tree), eLt^V»j zeban, gunjishk.
Ashamed, »J^u/. sharmandeh.
Ashes, i~^»ls. klictkistei:
Aside,jbTjJ der kendr ; <J>}> j* bar
taraf.
Ask, i?., cj J^-^i purseedan ; &*/$}*soodl kardan.
Asleep, sJ^j^i. kliabeedeh.
Asparagus, ajj^U war choobeh.
Ass, j* khar ; s$\ olak.
Assassin, <jy* khoonee ; Jjls fcatil.
Assassinate, v., ljd^kusJitan.
Assassination, Jx§ featl.
Assault (military), <u** hamleh ;
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VOCABULAEY.
J.j^yoorish; pp hejoom ; (high-
way) o-ij'^ vah zadan.
Assault,!?., a&) zadan; (military), iU*
aaj>hamleh burdan ; &*jj\ fj**
hejoom awardan ; (highway), tjj*],
zf rah zani kardan ; (night),
^fjSju shalgeer kardan.
Assay (metal),jU iyar.
Assemblage, u-V majlis ; o***?»
jam'eeat.
Assemble, v., *J\ f)f feraham
dverdan ; *f <**=> iom'kardan ;
d^*5 Jgyrf tah-seel nemoodan.
15
jemd'at ; <j*hsc
Assembly, o*Ua.
majlis.
Assent, J/M pezerd-ee ; J^ kabool.
Assert, v., &sfj\j\ikrar kardan;
y&fi-aijsj ta'areef kardan.
Assertion, j \j>\ikrar.
Assiduous, J.*s* mukay-id.
Assign, v., ^^fv^ ta-yeen kardan.
Assist, ^U eUS" komek dadan ; aa*
^ib mojdad dadan.
Assistance, <&£' komek; ^ ydri;
ix» madad.
Assistant, j^i yar ; ;U-J dustyar.
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16 YOCABULAET.
Associate, *)/**humrah ; c>-^U»
humdust; &j rafeek; e^ sliereek.
Associate, v., &f J>V» hamrahee
Icardan; ^^^ shereek shudan.
Assurance (certainty), &k yakeen ;
oJUUmowat; (trust),*\s&\ itakadj
(impudence), ^j^ bee sliurmee.
Assure, v., &*}&& Vdkeen kardan;
vzffi**-}^ kliaterjcim' kardan.
Asthma, u-» ** tangi' e nefass -
Astonish, »., d-*/ e>W *«*«**» fecw-
ckm ; (to be astonished), o-'/W 1
taajub kardan.
Astonishment, c-^' taajub.
Astrologer, ^ munajim.
Asunder, W jwda.
Asylum, staUj pendligah.
At, ^ wuza' ,• u^ pees/i.
Atheist, u^a duhri.
Athirst, a^i' tishneh.
Atmosphere, !j»hdwa.
Attach, v., ji~,j-ipayvastan.
Attach, A+=» hamleh ; J^ji yoorish ;
f^sf6
hijoom.
Attain, v., ^l* yaftan.
Attempt, v., ^^\ ikdam kardan;
^\g~>sa-ee kardan.
Attend (to be present), v., &*y. S"
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VOCABTJLAET. 17
Mzer hoodan ; (to pay attention),
ij> v-Jj)j- mo-azib loodan.
Attendance, ux>^ khidmeb.
Attendant,^ noker ; j£-Ai fc/ad-
metgar.
Attention, a^y tavajuh ; o-Wj* we-
i>a;zet>w£.
Attest, v., bj^U o.sl«£ shehadet da-
dan.
Attire, v., ^ji pooslxeedan.
Attitude, £-»juuz'e.
Attorney, Jij vakeel.
Attract, v., ±~sfkeslieedan.
Attribute, v., &*\* i=*«~i nisbut da-
dan.
Auction, ^\jt hardj.
Aunt (paternal), <wc ummeh; (ma-
ternal), ilU. klialeli.
Auspicious, i=*aa eU neefc 6ttfcM.
Authentic, _^°sahheehh.
Authority, o,j5 kudrtit.
Autograph, Wj£->.> dust fcTmi.
Avarice, Ja? bwfc/il; o~~~i- kliassees-
sat.
Avaricious, u-*-*- khassees.
Avert, v., c),>
./'£f'3 ^a/'e kardan ;
jj\sfgardaneedan.
Avoid, v., ^J'^^ ijtenab kardan.
Avow, v., oifj\fi\ ikrdr kardan.
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1% VOCABTJLAEY.
Await, v., a ±Z>Jaz^ muntezir shudan.
Awake, v., &sfj\<**> beeddr Tcardan.
Awake,jW* beeddr.
Away (absent), Lj-jIs gliaib.
Awe, \j»j turss ; <-»>» hhof.
Awhile, <JJ« mudetti; lJUj zamdni.
Awl, u^ darafsh.
Awry, J"fcej ; us—ljli ua ?'asi; j1j»»li
na hamvdr.
Axe, j~>tabar ; (pickaxe), eUT £o-
lan-ci.
Azure, ,j;j*-samavi ; l|I
aM.
B.
Babe, as: bachali ; J^ ti/L
Baboon, ^^^ maymoon.
Bachelor, sjj* azctb.
Back, o T pwsW ;^ zahr ; (back
again), "jU bdz ; *j\>j&do-bdreh ;
u-j puss.
Backgammon, &j s& tdkht i nurd.
Bad, Jo bacL
Badge, &^ nishdn ; ex.'&e. aldmat.
Bag, *~fkeesseh; (horse's nose-bag),
yy tubreh; (sack), Jlj* jaual;
(saddle-bags), ^j* hhoorjeen ;
(carpet bag) a^- chanta.
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VOCABULARY. 19
Baggage, & honeli ; yL! asbdb.
Bail, ojU^ zemanat; ^^kefdlat.
Bailiff, Jij vakeel ; J-o** moliussil.
Bake (in oven), c^ii jyS j* der tanoor
•pookhtan ; e^ jpookhtan.
Baker, l_yU ndnvd.
Balance (scales), jj\j> tardzoo ; (of
an account) J>[) bake; a*i> tetum-
meh.
Bald, tfkal; ^fkechel.
Bale, az—j basteh.
Ball (playing), i_>jj toop ; (musket)
Aft' galooleli ; (globe), sjS^kureh,
Bamboo, &\;j± kliayzerdn.
Band (party), jo-^ dusteli.
Bandage, J^ bund.
Bandit, ^jt\j rdh zan ; ^ duzd.
Banish, v., cJ.^r_lj»l ikhrdj kardan.
Bank (of river), jSkendr ; t-J lub.
Bankrupt, y-la* mufliss ; az~&j ver-
shekesteh.
Banner, J& alam ; J^j bayduk.
Banquet, oiL» zidfat ; <iW> meh~
mdnee.
Bar, J*« meel ; (of a river), Jw» sudd;
Barb (of an arrow),jU. khdr.
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20
Barbarian,^ ajnahi ; Vi> 9^'
reek.
Barber,A dalldh ; jU- salwawi.
Bare,^ herehneh; ^ arydn.
Bargain,jV kerdr ;as* ata.
Bargain, v, d ^3 -»W c _rie71 s,odon '
Bark (of a tree), >z~>y,poost.
Barley, 3* >.
Barracks, »W)V serlazhhaneh.
BarreKofagun),^looleh ; (cask),
Sr-4 PeeP- , x
Barren (land), ^ bfiyar.-j (season),
iClo. Tchuski.
Barricade, JL, sudd ; ^ bund.
VOCABULARY.
Barter, «., o>>/^U modvezeh Tear-
dan; ^/^moladelehkardan.Base, JJJ zaleeZ;^ fcato0r; (of a
building), aVft honydd.
Bashful, »J^> sharmandeh.
Basil (berb), dW, ree/iaw.
A.Jfkdseli.Basin, ^1 Zegraw;
Basket, J-- sabad; *is feu#0%j &j)
zanbeel-
Bastard, ^ f1>hardm zddeh.
Bastion, ^/.burj.
Bat (animal), ^ u^ s7mb pereh.
Bath, rU» hammdm.
Bathman, ^W* Jimvmdmi.
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VOCABTJLAEY. 21
Ml
Bathe, ^j *La. hammam raftan.
Battle, t&j*jang ; 1^-i dd-wd.
Bawl, ^j tjxina'areh zadan.
Bay (sea), g±* Tchaleej ; (colour),j^kahar.
Bayonet, »js^-*sar nayzeh.
Be, »., £&y boodan ; c^~* hastan.Hi
Beach, sjbTfcenare/i; JoZshutt; Ja.Usa7ieZ.
Bead, jjla ddneh; i&o molvreh.
Beak,jlou murikdr ; «& n>«fc.
Beani,^a> teer.
Bean, ^iU bdkld.
Bear, y*^. khirss.
Bear (suffer), v., (0^) j^sAb J*as ta-
hamuldashtan,orkardan; (carry),
yj^j burdan.
Beard, ^j reesh.
Bearer, J*U. hdmil.
Beast, jylja* hayvdn ; jy\* janivar.
Beat, 1?., £•>; zadan; (conquer), ^Jte
^sXi glxdlib shudan.
Beautiful, o,^-> yi^i fcTios/i, soorat ;
jj jija. fc/ios7i roo ; <sLi» kashang.
Beau, s., ebis kasliang.
Becafico, j^ja?s' aryeer fe/jor.
Because, il/j zeera fceh; d_j» choon.
Beckon, v., a&fsJJS>\ islidreh kardan.
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22*VOCABUIiAET
Become, v., a±* shudan.
Bed, B^y. Miabgah.
Bedding, M^5^ rakht * kMh -
Bedroom, -iSly tfW otdk M>05fc'
Bedfellow, v^r* ham Wldl - B
sheet, J~S. sfcwrnwd; v^molafeh.
Bee,^j zanboor; J-^J *<*»boor-
i-asal.
Beer, 3* ^ 06 ijo.
Beetroot, jJ^ cheghondar.
Befal, i'., tfJ£ o*> «™z sMdan -
Before, jM PeesJl » J** peeahter ;
Jjlaval.
Beg, r., ^fj\^gedd-eeTcardan.
Beggar, \SSTgeda.
Begin, v., c^/er **M™'*ardan -
Beginning, \<&\ ibtidd ; Jj\ avaZ.
Behalf, AJj vaseteh.
Behave (respectfully), v., 0^ M^adab beja aivardan; (carelessly),
^JA J»l* gM/ZZ sTwdan.
Behaviour, oi> harakat ; (good),
^i\ aclab.
Behind, u-j pus; ^ ahab ; c^pusht.
Behold, ^/xK negdhhardan; UW
j ^ftamasba lardan.
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VOCABULAET. 23
Belch, v., i$j\ arogh (vulg. oroh)
Jcardan.
Belief, .ilL^l itikdd ; ^UjI ayman.
Believe, v., $f})\> haver kardan ;
cJiib .ilLxsl itikad dashtan.
Bell, ebj zang.
Belly, J3. shulcum.
Belong, v., <xi, jjlsx* muta,
alah shu-
dan.
Beloved, jijc azsez.
Below, jij zeer.
Belt, ^jSkummerband.Bemoan, y±jy» i^-^~il afsooss khur-
dan.
Bend, v., sf'
j» khum Tcardan.
Beneath, jij zeer ; oj£ taht.
Benefit, sJoU fa'ideh.
Benefit, v., tJ~jSZj neekoo kardan
£*fjt±. khair kardan.
Benevolence, ^y- j** khair kliahee.
Benevolent, slji^ khair khdh.
Bent (past of to bend), S'kej ; J-
khum.
Bequeath, v., d^c>s-»j veseeyet kar-
dan ; ^jT*** hebeh kardan.
Berry, <uU ddneh; ^^ hub.
Beseech, ^^T^UxJl iltimass kardan ;
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24 YOCABTTLABY.
^^IcjiJ istida'a kardan ; ^J>j^
^sfarz liardan.
Beset, v., y^f&l*.} ihdteh ~kardan.
Beside, v&isy nazdeek; *y nuzd; _^a
pahloo.
Besides, iy^s- eldveh.
Besiege, ^^j^W mohassereh kar-
dan.
Besmear, y&fssj] aloodeh kardan.
Best, tf.jH* behtereen,.
Bestir, ^ify^Sj^. harakat kardan.
Bestow, S\s dddan ; ^sf J^lSi
bakhshesh kardan ; ^J^a, bakh-
slieedan.
Bet, \>jtishart ; jjo nuzr.
Bet, v., ir^~j\>jt>
shart bastan ; j J5
j;^—> nuzr bastan.
Betray, v., ^^5 oj^ khidnat ne-
moodan.
Betroth, v., d^T^l3 namzad kardan.
Better,^? behter.
Between, ^L* midn ; ca-> bayn.
Beverage, u-jji shurbut.
Bevy, xjj" grooh.
Bewail, v., ^^j^- (_^-j—»1 afsooss khur-
dan.
Beware, v., ^oi. j\*j?* khabrddr
shudan; ^^ tV] dgah boodan ;
^ji aik* mutili' shudan.
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VOCABULARY. 25
Beyond, i_i^a>i an taraf; c^ ^1 an
samt.
Bible, w>&» i->\£* kitab-i-molcaddas.
Old Test. &\jy torat. New Test.
J-s^ anjeel.
Bid (order), ^U ^jUy/ermaw dddan.
Bier, o»jIj taboot.
Big, djjj buzurg.
Bigot, Lg^wgj mttta-assib.
Bile, !/*» sufra.
Bill (money), s!^ herat; (of a bird),
Bind, v., j^—j bastan.
Biped, ii'^j^ dojpdyah.
Bird, c^* murgh.
Birtb, J^« mowlood; jJy tavalud.
—day, t^fe&f?- eed i mowlood.
Bit (piece), ^b pdreh; iS3 tekkeh;
(snaffle), \jjy£.\ab khoory ; (curb),
is** dahaneh ; (curb chain), j^jzanjeer.
Bitch, eL* ».ilo mddeh sag.
Bite, i\, ^_f gazeedan ; ^f gtjfa
denddn giriftan.
Bitter, Jj talkh.
Bitterness, j^ talkhi.
Black, *t-» siydh.
Blackbird^L sdr.
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26
Blacken, v., &/*+ siyah lardan.
Blackguard, .dj-lj-hardmzadeli.
Blacksmith, £»\ ahenger.
Blame, je*3 takseer ;^ ^eta '>
sbT gunah.
Blameless,>U tf*<*^seer '
Bland, pi*.mol«i/em.
Blanket,& petoh.
Blaze, ^ shuuleh ; $* 0X0.
Bleach, v., &f*>* sefeed lcardan -
Bleed.v.^f^Moongiriftan;tj d, rag zadan.
Blemish, y-~? anjb*
Ble8B,i;.,o^^ w"barttidadaW
VOCABtTLAET.
Blessing, o^? larakat.
Blind, ,/fcoor ; (window), ** par-
dah.
Blind, v., v*fjfkoorUrdan.
zadan.
Bliss ej-ib-j saadat.
Blister, A>\ abileh.
Block, sj3teereh.
Blockhead, j—1 alimdk.
Blood, y» fcTioon.
Bloodshed, J^ kail ; &jy> ^oon '
reezy.
Bloody, ^> Tihoonee.
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VOCABTTLABY. 27
Bloom, ihj&> shekoofeh.
Blossom, iij&> shekoofeh ; ^fgul.
Blot (stain),ad) lekeh.
Blow, ^y> zarb.
Blow, v., o^jjj varzeedan.
Blue, ^jfalee ; ijfkebood; (dark),
Ju> neeli ; (light), &*)}j<? feeroo-
zeh-ee.
Blunder, 'J** kheta ; laic ghalat.
Blunt, J^ kund.
Blush, v., ^J^ 3f>j-*surkhroo shu-
dan.
Boar, e)ji fcTioofc ; ^» khanzeer.
Board, a^i takhteh.
Boast, <-i^ laf ; ,jZ>jj» •>>» fc7iw<2
/roos7iee.
Boast, v., ^^j <-i^l laf zadan.
Boat, Li?^ kerejee ; j~£ keshti ;
£) lotka.
Boatman, ^ j*S kerejee ban.
Bodkin, J^j* darafsh.
Body, *> badan; J> tan ; (dead),
jl^l AasTi.
Bog, ivh&p murdab.
Boil, v., oif ji ^ abpuz-kardan ;
^jujj^a. joosheeddn ; ^^ \J>j*-
joosh dadan.
Bold,^^ dileer ; jj~*> jassoor.
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28
Bolster, &> mutaka ; soi*
adeh.w
Bond (for debt), cL~»J tamasulc ;
(ligament), J^ bund ; J^J A:a?/d.
Bondage, ^^-.1 asseeri ; \jJ*>J^girif-tari.
Bone, ^>£~^ ustikhan.
Book, ^JtTketab; —keeper, u«ls*
mohdssib ; ;b jiz daftar dar ;—
binder, uJU-» sahc/f;—
seller,
^jj L_>l6 Icetab feroosh.
Boot, *£*. chekmeh.
Booty, o,lc glutrat.
Border, tJ^S'kenuveh; ^b daman.
VOCABTJLAET.
inulih- Bore, r., i^f ^jy sooraTch kardan.
Born, &£y> moivlood.
Borrow, v., ^^\j>J karz giriftan.
Bosom, a~-. seeneh.
Both, j^/» liardo.
Bottle, A^ii sheesheh ; ^^ butree ;
eXo tung.
Bottom, j>_jzeer ; c^ taht.
Bough, ^M> sliakh.
Bought, sJo^i- khareedeh.
Boundary, da. hud ; J^-j sarhud.
Bound (gratified), ^y** mamnoon ;
(obliged), jy^s* majboor ; (tied),
busteh.
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VOCABUIAEY. 29
Bounteous, Jil> bdzil.
Bounty, Ja? bazl.
Bow }C)Uffeem«n; u-j5 ^os;—maker,
yTiUT Icemanger ; saddle— , J^Tcaltdlc.
Bow (reverence), ^ku ta'azeem.
Bowels, s&jjroodeh.
Bowl, ,.1?. jam; ^Xltdseh.
Box, jjJ^-» sandook ; (small),
ja'abeh; J>j> bootee; (tree), .i
sliemshdd' ; (theatre), U^VL tak
nemd; (on the ear), ,J~>seelee.
Box, «., &*) «^-£m> musht zadan.
Boy, j~j pesser &\y* jdwdn.
i*£3*
Boyhood, ,j\y>- jdwdni.
Bracelet, Sjj y} \> bazoo band.
Brackish, jy> shoor.
Brag, v., ^j «—s"^ Idf zadan.
Braid, v. ^l* bdftan.
Braid, s.,j\y navdr.
Brain, sU^ demdgh.
Bramble, jl» fc7i«r.
Bran, i^r- sabooss.
Branch, ~\2> shdhh.
Brand, &U d##7i,
Brand, t1
., a"3/"^ ^a^1 Cardan.
Brasier (brass-worker), ^C~ m'iss
ger.
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30YOCABULAEY.
Brass, Jj> Urenj.
Brave, Z>\^ hajura* at ; ^ shuja.
Bravery, x>\j> jura' at; o*W* shu-
ja'at. (
Bravo ! (exclamation) &j\ afereen.
Bray (of a donkey), &ff f a™r
Tcardan.
Breach (opening),«-»Ki shekaf.
Bread, U rwm (vulg. pr. noon).
Breadth, W* patina.
Break, r., cr-^ sUkastan; —faith,
-j& ^a s7iari sliekastan; —one's
word,^ Jy fcol sliekastan.
Breakfast, jW weMr.
Breast, a~-> seeneh.
Breath, u-w Tie/ass.
Breathe, v., o^u-" nefasskesliee-
dan.
Breeze, -s-J noseew.
Brethren, c^jj braderdn.
Brevity, j\*&-\ikhtissdr.
Briar, ^U. &&«*••
Bribe, *j£,risTireTt ; JJ^j fcarteeZ.
Bribe, *., o^b yA, WsfouaTi d^dan.
Brick (unburnt),o^ khisU ;
(baked), ,J «jw; (tile), *jf
kooreh ; -maker, JUo^ &&*&*'
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YOCABTTLAEY. 31
Bride, u-j^ arooss ; —groom, &L\*
ddmdd.
Bridge, s., Jj pul.
Bridle, s., <u*»> dehaneh.
Bridle, v., ^.s^ajjo dehaneh kardan.
Brief, s\ijTkootah ; j-*& mukhtasser.
Briefly, \j<£& mukhtussirdn ; fcaSJI
il kisseh ; -»WU b'iljumleh.
Bright, adj., ^jj roshan.
Brighten, v., ^U ^jj roshan
sakhtan.
Brightness, fj^jj roshnaee.
Brilliant (of a precious stone), jljjl
dbddr.
Brim, t-J lub.
Brimful,j+J IvJbreez.
Brimstone, sffgoogird.
Brine, }y^\ ab-shoor.
Bring, v., &*j}\ awardan, or averdan.
Brink, lJ lub ; }\^kendr.
Brisk, Jl?. juld; JoUj o-^ c?w$£ o
chabook.
Briskness, ^^L. juldee.
Brittle, djU ndzuk.
Broad, ^pV» ; u*^ areez.
Brocade, LgJj^^3 kolabdoozee.
Broken, a=~Jw> shekesteh.Ml
Broker, J"^ deZ«I.
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—
32YOCABTFLARY.
Brook,> nalvr.
Broom, u^U J"roob -
Broth,^ shorU.
Brother,^ brod-r/
(adopted),
«ji\y.j^^«der kh'andeh.
Brought, rtj «werdefc, or aiourdeTi
Brown, «^ fc^^a^T/rfgandoom goon ; J^ ^kee > ^a horse),> fcaTiar.
Browse, «., .^ chereedan.
Bruise, vjj*zurl.
Brush s., J*j br«s7i; (hair), r-u-^
whX£i (clothes), e)^jmahootpak toons (wood),
^he&meh.
Brute, tfV- /iayv«w.
Bubhle, i->^» 7iw6«b.
Bucket,^ dulu.
Buckle, el>*- sei/e7c.
Bud, **V ghunchehi »f* shetoofeh.
Buffalo, j^^gclvmeesh.
Bug, u- 1-" s^ ss *
Bugle, j_^is7iaypoor.
Build, v., cv»A beu^ fcar(2au; J^c)
j.jrbenn^-ee-fcai"dau.
Builder, *U> ben-na.
Building, Jl*balm** J c>A*
imdrat.
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VOCABULARY. 33
Bulb, jL$ peedz.
Bull, i^J nur gdv.
Bullet, A^f gelooleh.
Bullrush, kjj> burydh.
Bunch, &2>y» khoosheh ; a=-».j dusteh.
Bundle, ax—j busteh ; as5? bukcheh.
Burden, s.,j\i bar.
Burden,!'., o^j^j-i zeer-bur-kardan.
Burial, ij^c*. jendzeh ; ^Jo tadfeen.
Burn, v., ij&-j~> sookhtan.
Burnish, v., ^ta ^ jeld dddan.
Burst,!., ^sfj tarakeedan ; ^\£Lshekdftan.
Bury, v., ^sf ^z duf'n kardan ;
^^TdU. khdk kardan.
Bush, ai} buteh.
Business, Jfkdr ; Jii. shugh'l.
Bustard, tjyt. hooberreh.
Bustle, awKLt hengdmeli.
Busy, s., J^ii* mushghool.
Busy, v., 2>jf ^yJL* mushghool kar-
dan.
But, jQ laykin ; U! am-ma.
Butcher, i_>L>9 kassub.
Butler, ^kl3 ndzir.
Butt (mark), ailii nishdneh ; (of a
gun), (jlj-3 konddk.
Butter, sj^kcreh.
Butterfly, *>\jjj parvdneh.
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34 VOCABTTLAEY.
Button, dJ^j pulek ; a*Sj dukmeh.
Buy, v., &^.J» hilareedan ; ±f e\^\
ibtid kardan.
Buyer, j^.j* kJvareeddr ; \jj£~*
mushtery.
By, jl aa; k bd.
C.
Cabbage Jfkalam.
Cabin, jlkl otdk.
Cabinet, *$!$)* doldbcheh.
Cage, vJS kafass.
Cajole, v., ±f\Jo ]y navdzesh kar-
dan.
Cake, J^ komdj ; ^.jtf J^> ndn i
shireen.
Calamity, toil dfat; "&> beld.
Calculate, v., cJ ^/'vr)L«a. hissdb kar-
dan; yJj+Z shumurdan.
Caldron, u&a deeg.
Calendar, mju takveem.
Calf, d\~>y gosdleh.
Caligrapby, ^j-iy^j*.khosh nevees-
see.
Call, v., O i>j-S~\x~o sedd kardan;
jjjjJJ* talabeedan ; (out) i>j^b
dad zadan; (to account) oi^Ji*mas'ool kardan.
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TOCABULAET. 35
Call, s., \ J-» sedd ; iJJ nedd ; ^b dad ;
eUU bong.
Calm, s., Ai ardm; o^L sdkat;
^^L. moldyem.
Calm, v., u^ fV or«m kardan;
ijf \zS^L> sdJcet Tcardan.
Calumniate, v., ^.jj o^j tuhmat
zadan; ^y&'si bad guften.
Camel, ^i- shutur. — driver, q^jAshut-urban.
Camp, j£j\urdoo.
Camphor, }y>V kdfoor.
Can, s., **y* doolcheh.
Canal, »\j>'\ dbrdh; J Us handl.
Cancel, v., ^f Jkl? baieZ Tcardan.
Cancer, ^Uj^ surtan.
Candid, cJU sdf; JjJw» sadeeh; \J>J^.
bee gharaz.
Candle, ££ shani'e.
Candy (sugar), oUi nabdt.
Cane (sugar), J^-*i ney shelcer;
(walking), L»* asd; ±>f$ choob ;
^»,.1«jtaaleemi.
Cannibal,j ly. *^1 «da?ra khor.
Cannon, ujy toop.
Cannoneer, j*^y toopchi.
Cannot (it cannot be), *jt~^ neh mi
shavad; o—s* jyC* murrikin neest;
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36 VOCABULAET.
(I cannot do), J& f\y+& neh mitd-
ivdnam bekunam.
Canon (rule), ^yls kanoon.
Cap, t^lcola.
Capable, J>U kabil.
Capacious, *~~j vasee'.
Capital (of a county), ois ^V P^takht.
Cape (headland), acL.5 demdgheh.3
Caper (jump), j^-o—» just o kheez ;
(plant), jS" Tcdber.
Capitulate, v., ±\a *Jl-J tasleem da-
dan.> '.
Captious, Ty4 lojooj.
Captivate,?;., o^siJ^J* dilroha'i kar-
dan.>
Captive, j~»\ aseer; u*^s* maliboos ;
(to take) ^fj^A aseer giriftan.
Captivity, J-9 kayd; ^J^sjTgiriftaree.
Caravan, \^kdrawdn; JiU kdfileh;
ijlr1 ^J^ kdrawdn serai.
Carcass, ^^ lash.
Cards (playing), jjj varak; <u*P gun-
jafeh.in
Cardboard, \yU mukavd.ttl
Care, c^*a him-mut; <jj\&k» khabr
ddree; kUa.1 ihtiydt.
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VOCABTTLABY. 37
Careful (to be), ^^fLUa.1 ihtiyat
kardan; ^j^l^-i. khdbr ddr shu-
dan.
Careless, kUa*.!^ bee ihtiyat.
Caress, v., ^-^y navdkhtan.
Caress, jli ndz; \J»j\y>navdzish.
Cargo, j U bar.
Carnage, J» katl; ^jjij &j± khoon
reezee.
Carnation (flower), e%° meekhek.
Carnelian, j-Jic akeek.
Carpenter, jU najjdr.
Carpet, -kfgeleem; J^s farsh; ^Tcdlee.
Carriage, t&j* droshTceh; jOIT ka-
leskeh; (of things), ^ La. hamdlee.
Carrion, ^"i Idsh. — eater, J\y» yi^l
lashkhor.
Carrot, e)j,j zardek; £y>. haveej.
Carry, v., tj> burdan; zjT J^a.
haml kardan.
Cart, i>\f- erdbeh; ^ gdree.
Cartridge, <&£6 fashang.
Carve, v., J±j bureedan.
Cascade, jUujI dbshar.
Case (legal), a*jJu> mukadammeh;
(box,large), jjX^sandook; (sheath),i_i}U gheldf; (pen case), ^IJ-Js ka-
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38 VOCABTJLAEY.
lamddn; (condition), cJU. hdlat;
(in no), **•_)$# be heech vuj'h;
(statement of), JU. <jjs. arz-hdl.
Cash, J& nukd.
Cashier, jb Jj^s tahveel ddr.
Cask, 1--^ peep.
Casket, sJj>xi* sandvk cheh.
Cast, v., jyii.ljJl anddkhtan.
Castle, Asia kala'eh.
Castor oil el^S^cj^ roghan karchek;
i[ft ^jj roghan cherdgh.
Castrate, v., sjT*x»\ akhteh kardan.
Casual, ,j\su\ itifdkee.
Cat, iij'gurbeh.
Catalogue, i=*-^5 fihrist.
Catarrh, -ISj zukdm; &y nazleh.
Catastrophe, "k> fceZ#.
Catch, v.j cr»/' giriftan. — cold,
&3jy» \»j* sermd khurdan; ^J^l*.
chd'idan.
Catchword, ^b pasekh.
Catechise, v., ^^Jlj-j sooaZ kardan.
Cauliflower, JT^lTkalam gul.
Cause (reason), c---. subub; C*U
Cause, v., sJ'kardan.
Caused, tsfkardeh.
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YOCABULARY. 39
Caustic (nitrate of silver), ^t-^
sang i jehennum.
Cauterise, v., tf-s/'cU dagh kardan.
Caution, ktx=J ihtidt.
Cautious, kU»ll; ha ihtidt.
Cavalcade,j 1^-.«—s dusteh sawdr.
Cavalier (horseman), j\>~»sawdr.
Cavalry, ^j- sawdran.
Cave,jlc ghdr.
Cease, u, &f *-*$y* mowkoof Tear-
dan.
Ceiling, <-&-> sukf.
Celebrated, ^*- mdroof; jj^»mash-hoor.
Celerity, ^^ chdbukee.
Cellar, &+jf..jzeer zdrneen.
Cement,^j,j\~>
sdrooj.
Cemetery, ^1^5 kabristdn.
Censure, J*jj»> sarzanish.
Cent, jTgraz.
Centipede, \>J\j* hezdrpd.
Centre, ajW« midneh; la~»jvast.
Century, aJUj-» sad sdleh.
Ceremony, uXl taUeef; <Jfc taka-
luf.
Certain, && yakeen; g*°saheehh.
Certainly, Z}\ albetta; <s&"h leld
shah.
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40 TOCABULAEY.
Certificate, a«Ij c^^ rezdyet nameh.
Certify, v., ^.sta sjl^i, shehddet liar-
dan.
Chaff (chopped straw), sVk&h.
Chagrin, *£• ghum.
Chain, j^j zanjeer.
Chain, v., ^jT^j zanjeer Tcardan.
Chair, ^J^ sandali.
Chalk, J-a-» Jf gil-i-safeed.
o >
Chamber, tj^- hujreh; jltjl otdk;
*il». khdneh.
Chamois, ^^y. buzkoohee.
Chamomile, a^L bdbooneh.
Chance, oj? bukht; j\u\ itifdk.
Chancery, ail>pj daftar khdneh.
Chandelier, c|^ J^. chehel chirdgh.
Change, jJu taghieer; (money), *$jy»
khoordeh.
Change, v., ydzjJZ taghieerdddan;
cjV u^ avaz kardan; ^J J Jo
badal kardan.
Channel, ^jjsfi mujrd.
Chapel, Os-** musjid.
Chapter, ^U bub ; J-oj fusl.
Character (writing), *-»/-»• harf;
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YOCABULABY. 41
(reputation), 3j\ dbroo; (good),
J.U5Q neekndm; (bad), |.U^»bad-
ndm.
Charcoal, Jlej zughal.
Charge (custody), oiU imanet ; (v.,
(accusation), oj^ shekdyet; c^i
tuhmat; (of soldiery), A** hamleJi.
Charity, J^** muhabat; (alms),
khairdt ; <w.x« sadakat.
Charm (amulet), Uj> du-a.
Chart, *£»£ nuksheh.
Chase,j&. shekar.
Chase, v., &*/]&> shekar kardan.
Chasm, <-i&i> shekdf.
>\j*
Chaste, ^\<&\ pdkddmen ; y»U» iaTi-
7ier.
Chastise, ^jT^u-uj tanbeeh kardan.
Chastity, ^tae)^ pdkddmeni.
Chat, j&S gzift o goo.
Chattels, »->L-l «sbab ; Li.1 dshiyd ;
JU wiaL
Cheap, ^Ijjl cwzart.
Cheapen, v., a*j&» &))J arzdn kar-
dan.
Cheat, v., ^ab c-o> /areeb dadtan ;
Check, o«jU« memana'at.
Check, -Wbj c^^ wa'e kardan.
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42 VOCABTTLAKY.
Checkmate, oL »l- shah mat, or oLmat.
Checkmate, v., ^^ToUmaifeardan.
Cheek, ~j rukh ; ^>} \s. driz.
Cheer, v., ^ta -sti shad dddan ;
y^L. JW**^i. khosh hdl sdkhtan.
Cheerful, isJUr^i. khosh hdlat;
khandeh roo.
Cheese,^ paneer.
Cherish, v., ^^ToiUa. hamayet kar-
dan ; o^jJL^ parvareedan.
Cherisher,^ parvar.
Cherry (white-heart), u-l^T gerdss ;
(morella), j]yi alabaloo.
Chess, jj**> shatranj.
Chessman,^, muhr ; king, »t- shah;
queen,^jjj vazeer; castle, ~y rukh;
bishop, Js» feel ; knight, »-— 1 asp ;
pawn, »^Lj piddeh.Chest (box), <jjX** sandook; ^IJis
yakhddn ; (breast), <i~-» seeneh.
Chestnut,^ »li shah baloot;(co\oxir) ,
tskjTkorang.
Chew, v., Q^iy? javeedan.
Chicken, a*.j*. joojeh.
Chide, v.j zf^jj~> sarzanish kar-
dan.
Chief, tr-jj rey-iss ; tiLyt buzurg.
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VOCABULARY. 43
Chiefly,^ akser; UU ghdliban.
Child,* isi bacha.
Childhood, J^. bachagee.
Chill, \+j» sarmd.
Chilly, ^r» sard ; eLi. khanuk.
Chimney, jX'*)* dood hash.
Chin, aJU. chdneh.
China (country), v& cheen ; (porce-
lain), jj-^ cheenee.
Chintz, o** cheet.
Chisel, aJw! eskeneh.
* This word is used by Persians whencalling for their servants—a remnant of
feudal times.
Choice, oU*3! inthikhab.
Choke, v., ly^Tito. khufeh Tcardan.
Cholera, *1jjvebd.
Choose, v., ^/m^5' intikhab kar-
dan.
Chosen, «-»i^ muntikhib.
Christ, ^^ c^a* Huzret i Eesd.
Christian, ,jrj~~c-Eesdvl.
Chuckle, *f J^-vJ lubkhund kar-
dan.
Cinder, )y* *s» neemsooz.
Cinnamon, j** j\?darcheeni.
Cipher (secret writing), J>j rumz.
Circle, *jjb ddyereh.
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44 VOCABULAEY.
Circulate, v., sf [J,i>j' gerdesh ~kar-
dan.
Circumspect, j Lla hoshydr.
Circumstance, iz+JS hey'-fee- at.
Cistern, «U chdh; ^Lil t_»l db-ambdr.
Citizen, (^- shahri.
Citadel, d,l a?'gr.
Citron, dJ^U bddrang.
City,j4& shahr.
Civil, w)^ moad-dub.
Civility, u->^1 adwb.
Claim, v-JJ» talab ; »U^1 ida'd.
Claim, v., ^.sjT *U.iWcZa'a Jcardan;
(to Lave a), ^Ij t_-it talab ddsh-
tan.
Claimant, ^J*, muda-ee.
Clamour, tlj farydd.
Clan, 4wll» tdyefeh.
Clandestine, ^^ mukhfee.
Classify, v., ^i/^iL sdfhardan.
Claw, isLa. chang.
Clay, JTsftlL
Clean, db pat.
Clean, v., ^^T e)b pat Tcardan.
Cleanliness, ^/ij^i pdheezegee.
Clear, lJU s#/.
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VOCABULABY. 45
Clear-sighted,^-} teez nazar.
Clemency, ^ rahhm.
Clerk, sJ±~jy neveessendeh.
Clever, Jo*lib ddneshmund ; <J>j*\>
bd hoosh.
Climate, \y» vl db o hawd.
Clock, c^L sd-at.
Clockmaker, jLo*!- sd-at sdz.
Clod, -.^ kelookh.
Close, v., c^~j bustan.
Close (near), vk±j> nazdeek.
Cloth, ojJkL mahoot; (table), »>-
sufra; (saddle),^"Jj* arak geer.
Clothe, v., >yj\-*>i pooshaneedan.
Clothes (clothing), o», rukht ; o^i,
rukhoot ; u-U lebdss ; (bed), c>i.j
^jlji.rukht-i-khdb.
Cloud, j>\abr.
Clove (spice),<&&* meekhek.
Clover, && yungia.
Club (stick), jU* chomdk ;— to-
gether, ^jfiii'!^ slierdket kardan.
Coal, eL- Jlfcj swgrfral i sang ; (char-
coal), J^J zughdl.
Coarse, o^>> drusht.
Coast, ij\£~kindreh.
Coat, ^ fcafca.
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46
Cobweb, &yfr wpvdeKatikeboot.
Cock (bird), u-j>^oos 5 ^'^sheer; (gun), jU* cWmai
Coffee, j^5 kahveh.
Coffin, c^ taboo*.
Coil, ^i yeecfc.
Coin, ^- sikkeh.
Coin, *., ^J & "»* zadan '
„
Cold, *., V soma"; (rheum), fi
zulidm; *j>nuzleh.
Cold, adj., Aj*sard.
Colic, gi peecli.
hamYOCA.BTJLABY.
Colleague, &?j rafeeh ; *~** r*
w/iwisub.
Collect, *., o^/e^ 'W fcordan -
College, i-,J- medresseh.
Colonel, bLv- sarfcong. Lieut.-
colonel, eUr- w*« »uw?> sarhang.
Colour, «&, rang.
Colour, v., *>f&j rang hardan, or
i\ &j rang zadan.
Colt, tfMrreh.
Column, aj~ setoon.
Comb, *3^ shtineh.
Combat, \?& dawa.
Come, v., o^ amadan.
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VOCABULABY. 47
Come, imp., Lj lee-ah.>
Comet, j\& f* ij\z->stdreh dum ddr.
Comfort (consolation), JLj tessald ;
(ease), o»]j rdhat.
Comfort, v., o*fL^ tessald lardan.
Comical, ds-** muz- hik.
Coming (future), *J±>.\ dyendeh. —and going, >x- tx»\ drnad o shud.
Command,^ hukm; J^>J fermdn ;
•J dmr.
Command, v., ^r-J fermoodan ;
^ata ^>J> ferman dddan.
Commander, sJoL/ fermdndeh.
Commend, v., c,^T«-ai/aJ ta'areefkar-
dan.
Commendation, *-»*/« ta'areef.
Commerce, c^U: tejdret.
Common (universal), ^y& emoo-
mee; (plenty), ^J feravdn.
Commotion, \zS^- harakat.
Communicate, v., ^J j\&>\ iz'har
kardan.
Companion, jjj rafeeh; il^ ham
rah.
Company, u-W* mijliss ; (soldiers),
JutjJ'goroohdn.
Comparatively,U~J nisbetan.
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VOCABULARY.«o YOCAiJU-LAiix.
Compare, •, <fif'A»U ^rMbdek I Competence, M****kardan.
Compass, U3 aL5 kibleh nemdh.
Compassion, &£• meru-at ; fjrahm.
Compassionate, ^j rahman ; s-*^
-», sahib rahm; &3j* ^ ba me-
ruat.
Compatible, u—U mwnassib.
Compel, v., oi,j\ j3)*oor awardan.
Compensate, a*fj^-
tel«/i fcardan-
^\* J>^ avaz dadan.
ompelafi.
Competent, Ji$ la'ik.
Complacent, Jj^y. khdshdil.
Complain, «., *•>/ *>&> shekayat
kardan ; ^ nalidan.
Complainer, ^^^ shakee.^
Complaint, o>J& shekdyet; X gel-
leh; *\>Jferyad.
Complaisance, J>y» ^ dilkhdshi.
Complete, rU tamdm.
Complete, v., &f^ *a™"~™ kai"
dan.aaiv,
.-. , Complex, &j> & peech der peech
Compensation, J>f avaz; ^ te-| ^ f .^ > ^ mnMUt i roo .
I Complexion,/; *, rang i roo.
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VOCABTJLAET. 49
Compliance, cwUj rezdyet.
Complicate, sf ***# peecheedehIcardan.
Complication, Jj^gi peechedigee.
Compliment, lj&S tekalluf ; j.^-.
saldm ; e>~# tahhniet.
Compliment, v., O^o~4> tahhniet
Icardan; ^ata j»^-»saldm dadan ;
&*jj\ W*. <-^' takaluf be jd dwar-
dan.
Comply, v., ^ ^j rdzi shudan ;
^•JjTJ^J Icabool Icardan.
Compose, ^f^-Sj> tarkeeb Icardan ;
(a difference), ^•aU ^> selahh
dddan.
m >
Composer, Cii** musannif.
Comprehend, v., J~+& fahmeedan ;
yzjT^^ji dar ydfi Icardan,
Compromise, &J\** musdlihheh.
Compromise, v., ^j^aJlo. musdlih-
heh Icardan.
Compulsion,^} zoor ; j*> jubr.
Compunction, i-s-Ij ta-asuf.
Conceal, v., o'ifo^H penhdn Icardan.
Concede, v., &*\* «jW-l ijdzeh dddan.
Conceited, jjju maghroor.
Concern, ^\i *s^ ildlceh ddshtan;
^xib J»^ dukhl ddshtan.
Concession, *jM ijazeh.
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50VOCABTJLAET.
Conciliate,v,^/^5 *^^^^
dan; ^f^j Bdzilardan.
Concise, j^^ muUasser.
Conclude, w ., ^/fU tomam tor
e,^^ fe/iatm feardaw.
Conclusion, ^ Ma*™ ; >1 fl^er-
Concubine, ***-> seegheh.
Concur, «.,^ J*V movafihsJiv^m.Condemn, ».,^^ (^
^seyasset dddan.
Condition, JW Ml* c^ ^let '
J^\ aliwal; i*f bay fiVet; &imfe; (stipulation),V shurt.
Conditional,^ ba s7iuri.
Conduct,j^j ra/tar.
Conduct, v., 0*1 bfirdan,; (lead, as
troops), ^kesheedan.
Conductor, LJ t\jrah nema.
j
Confer (discuss), v., a/v^Jl£sooal o jawab Tcardan; *S^*~
moUlemeh lardan; (give), ^^.
luhhsheedan ; a*\* dddan.
Confess, v., ^fjjb «»* torda^.
Confession,^ *™r; u*1^1 t'tara/.
Confide, «., 0*/^ b^»" feardarl;
d^T,iUfr\ itimad Tcovrdan.
Confidence, -sUp! itimad.
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V0CABT7LAET. 51
Confine (imprison), v., cJ^T'Lr-a. hubs
kardan ; ^J^jjj bund kardan.
Confirm (investigate), v., ^sjT £<&£tahhkeek kardan ; (strengthen),
^j\jj \jpaidar kardan; (certify),
jj.jjTj^juw tasdeek kardan.
Confiscate, v., i>jf)*~<> zubt kardan.
Conflict, el-La. jung ; ^ji. j jj zad o
khurd.
Confound, v., gdj *«y bar hum zadan;
^jjy evjLc" makhloot kardan.
Confuse, v., j^U y\£±ji perishdn
sdkhtan ; $$f yii^J tashveesh
kardan.
Confused, J*jZ+ mushavash; y^i*mustarib.
Confusion, ol^kil istirdb.
Confute, v., iJ~^>\ja.)l Idjawdb kar-dan.
Congratulate, v., ^y^iLfJU mobarekbad guftan; *f ^~;~$ tuhnietkardan.
Congratulation, ^.slTjL. mobarekbddi ; ts-ytf tuhyiiet.
Conjugate, v., ^j^ *+*.jam' shudan.
Conjecture, \£ gemdn ; J& zun.
Conjecture, v., ^sf yU'gemdn kar-
dan.
Conjurer, jb «3* hokkeh bdz.
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YOCABTJLAEY.52
Connect, v., ^jH payvastan; J-y
,sU i"usl dadan.
Connivance, ^jj ^ •*«*» 3300.
she ; u*^ ighmaz.
Connive, «., tt*** r^ desta ^00 '
•Mdofi; ^/^UWfffcnwafcarda*.
Connoisseur, u-^ s7reria"ss (with
the requisitesubstantive before it
as asp-shenass,a connoisseur of
hoi'ses).
Conquer, v., *>/#M™ kardan.
Conscious, fV\ agah.
Consecutive,^^W ^ ^ J
Uti, nedee/j i3*l*j rea«o/et.
Consent, Jy* kabooU} ^Su L, reas«
mwidi.
Consent, v., o^ i*4 **» 57lMdcm ;
e^/M** kalool kardan.
Consequence, afr5 nateejeh ; *>jA
dkherat.
Consider, v., o*//5 &? £"*£'"
^zjTuM** motale-eh kardan; &**&*
sanjeedan.
Consideration (thoughts), >5 .prj
^s tafdkur; (importance), jU»\
Consign (give in charge), ^- su-
purdam>.
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VOCABULARY.
murakib shudan.
53
Consist,^, ^Ji
Console,^., ^^S^JLm tussald kardan
Conspicuous, J&>\ ashkdr.
Conspiracy, u-jL sdzish; jWl itifdk;
^ai' ta'ahood.
Constancy, Uj ve/«.
Constant,^ U 5 vefd dar; jIj dayem;
J-c mutassil.w
Constantly, JLj3N.Jp aZa eZ itissal ;
&Z~*jb hamoesheh.
Consternation, (J^«» hayrdni.
Construct, &&.L* sdkhtan.
Consult, v., sfkardan.
CJ'jiT*" wiashvarat
Consume, v., ^.s^Tt-i,* sarf kardan.
Contact, JUjI itissdl.
Contain, v., gs&ld ddshtan.
Contaminate, v., ^^T^-ai nejess kar-
dan.
Contemptible, j-fia. hakeer.
Content (satisfaction), ojU, rezdyet:
Contest, -taW mujadileli.
Continual, .»»>» hameesheh'ee.
Continue (remain), v., ^JoL manddn.
Contraband, *y** wwwnoo' ; A*ha/ram.
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54 VOCABULAET.
Contract, Ask Is* mukati-eh ; \ojZ>
shurt ; J^fr ahd.
Contract, v., ^tf A*kl<u mukatieh
kardan ; c^-j ^J^ shurt bustan ;
ysjTj^c. ahd kardan.
Contradict, cfsS^uJs-j bur aks guftan.
Contrary, «-i^U. khelaf.
Contrivance, ^Jj' tadbeer.
Convention, ^b^|/ kerdr dud.
Conversation, o-sf suh but; aJ£»
mukalimeh ; jS&fguft o goo ; MJJ9-
J 1^ j jaivab ve soo-al.
Converse, v., &&\&o^ suhbut dash'
tan ; O^^^gufto goo kardan ;
*f \J\y* j J1_j-i jawdb ve sooal
kardan.
Convert (to change), v., ^jJta^f
gerddneedan ; &*f u»j* avaz
kardan.
Convert, a., Jo j*. jedeed.
Convey, v., ^^ burdan ; ^J^L;
Cook, j-il ashpuz: ~U» tub-bdkh.
Cook, i;., c^sJ jpilkhtan ; ^J' _>1»
tubkh kardan ; (to boil), ^Jji, ^A
db-puz kardan; (to broil), sjf~s«
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T0CABU1AEY. 55
surlch Mrdan; (to roast), &*f\^\fkebab kardan.
Cool, eU. Ichonuk.
Cool (from anger), v., ^oi oS"li
s#&e£ shudan.
Coop (for fowls), u-is fco/ass.
Copious, oly »M/ad ,• ^J,]^ faravdn.
Copper, ,j«. miss.
Coppersmith, /*, missger.
Copy, *!* saAJOdd; &jy* soorat.
Coquet, «., c,^/jl5 waz kardan.
Coral, ^lay* murjdn.
Cord, jyL-M^ reessmdn.
Corn, ale ghileh; (wheat), ^OuT^un-doom; (barley), y* jo.
—field,
A^y* muzra'a.
Corner, i^fgoosheh ; pfkunj.Corporal, ^l ,* dah bdshi.
Corpse, s*j* murdeh; ^ Idsh.
Correct,g=->
sahheehh ; o--,^ drust.
Correct, v., *f ^S tass-heehh
kardan; *f^z~,j* drust kardan.
Correspond (by letter), v., ^h ajK.
mukdtibehddshtan; (agree), jjlk,
&j> motdbik budan.
Corrupt, JO--JJ poossideh ; sju Jcf
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56 VOCABTJLAEY.
Corrupt, v., &J*»>yi poosidan ; $ Ji^xa
gandeedan.
Cost, o^i kaimat.
Cost, v., ^^ib o^» kaimat ddshtan.
Contemporary, oij«« ham vukt.
Cotton, *~jpuribeh.
Couch (sofa), oi***5 neemtakht.
Cough, as^-j surfeh.
Cough, v., *jf iij~> surfeh kardan.
Council, *\jy* u-V° mejlis shorn.
Counsel, c^j**^ nasseehat ; c^yumushverat ; (to take), ^^Tc^yL*mus7it'era£ kardan ; (to advise),
g.itao*-1 nasseehat dadan.
Count, v., &*/*£> shumurdan.
Count, dJ^vl—a. hissdb kardan.
Countenance, ^ roo.
Counterfeit, t-Js t-uZb.
Counterfeit, to, (money), c i>j
kulb zadan ; (persons), *f jJ#takleed kardan.
Country, oj^Ij veldyet.
Countryman, ^^j veldyeti.
Couplet, ii~rJ bayt.
Courage, o^V*' shujd'at.
Courageous, cUA shujd ; ^J^ daleer.
Courier,j UU. chdpdr.
Course, ^Ij^ mayddn ; (race),
^jljj l_~» 1jjjl
j*« mayddn asp devdni.
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VOCABTTLABY. 57
Court (palace), j\, z darbdr ; (quad-
rangle), dL hayat.
Courteous, eJ^L, jly. Jchosh selook ;
»-j>>j-° moaddub.
Courtesy, i-j.il adafc.
Courtier, cjI£ ^"kc muldzim i rehab.
Cousin (through paternal uncle),
i*\jj+s. amoozddeh ; (through pa-Ml
ternal aunt), s*\j i+e- amehzddeh;
(through maternal uncle), s^j)U.khdloozddeh ; (through maternal
aunt), t*\jaJU. Jchdlehzddeh.
Covenant, J*c ahd.
Cover, s., yi^ poosh.
Cover, v., <xZyf poosheedan.
Covet, v., ^b ^J, tama ddshtan.
Covetous, dj» tama'.
Cow, j)V gdv.
Coward, ^li ndmard.
Cowardice, ^j^k ndmardi.
Coxcomb, eliii Tcashang.
Crab, cs^^i. kharchang.
Crack, i_jl& shelcdf.
Crack (split), v., ^K^, shekdftan.
Cradle, t^^galivdreh; y3 wano.
Craft (fraud), aU. heeleh.
Crane (bird), l^a durnd.
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58 YOCABULABY.
Crawl, v., ^j \j) o-J j^ chehdr
dust o pa raftan.
Crazy, ajI^-s deetdneh.
Cream, ^^- sar i sheer.
Crease, Is ta.
Create, v., ^J*/! dfreedan.
Created, tJi/\ afreedeh.
Creator, tfj\ afreen ; jlU. khalik.
Credit, o*/* hurmet ; J^-\ itibar ;
(promise to pay), <w nassee-eh.
Credit (to believe), v., &2>h *\z&\
itikdd dashtan; (to confide), .>L»1
yjiiib itimad dashtan.
Crescent, J^U 7*,gZaJ.
Cress (water), jyVL balakooty.
Crier (public), ^W- jdrchi.
Crime, s\Sgonah.
Criminal, _ra&« mokasser.
Crimson, j*J kirmiz.
Crocodile, cl^j naheng.
Crook (shepherd's stick), <stykajak.
Crook-backed, oi^ jy ftooz pusht.
Crooked, S'kej ; *i. khum.
Cross, —U. khaj ; u.L saleeb.
Crow, clj z«£f7i.
Crowd, f»l*.ijlizdiham.
Crown, -Ij t«j.
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V0CABT7LAEY. 59
Crucify, v., &*? ^*;W chehar meekhkardan.
Cruel, ^*j bee rahm ; &xr*r> bee
merooat.
Crush, v., ^j^TaJ leh Jcardan.
Cry (weep), v., zf *f giryeh Tear.
dan; (call), if\x<, sed« harden.
Cry, «., z\p feryad ; sm na'areh.
Crystal,^ feaZoor.
Cubit, c,j zar.
Cucumber,jU k7u<mCue (hint), tj\i,\ ishdreh.
Cuff (blow), o-i- mwsta ; (of sleeve),u^-ir- sar-i-dsteen.
Cuirass, r,j zereft.
Culminate, v., a Juw, \#i\> be intiha
raseedan.Hi
Culprit, ^ai. mulcussar ; jfclfgondiiTear.
Cultivate, v., ^f^s^Xjj zard'at kar-dan.
Cultivation, jtf izZTkeshteh kdr.
Cunning, J( aU. heeleh kdr.
Cup, A\-j pialeh ; [£> finjan ; _jjs
kadahh; a— ^ kdsseh.
Cupola, ±J?gunbad.Hi
Curator, ^^z* mutaval-li.
Curds (and whey), sj^ doo^Ti.
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60 VOCABULARY.
Cure, -.^U ildj ; »,l*.chareh.
Cure, v., sf~~Sks- ildj kardan ; »,l>.
^sfchareh kardan.
Curl, «-i!jzw ^/-
Currency, -.1^, rowaj.
Current (money), ^}j rdyej.
Curry (horse), v., ^fj\^j teemdr
kardan.
Currycomb, jls kasho.
Curse, o^jJ la'anat.
Curse, ^Jjfet-^J la'anat kardan.
Cursed, &y&+ mal'oon.
Curtain, 5^ purdeh.
Cushion, ^^ bdlesh ; £U mutakka ;Ml
jAi" mukhaddeh.
Custom, —j, russm ; sJ^ls kd'ddeh.'
1 CI
Customs, &jS gumruk.Customs' house, ail* d^ gumruk
khdneh.
Cut, v., ^Jj^ bureedan; ^J^]/ fer«-
Cut, sjo^ bureedeh; sj^i.]/ terdshee-
deh.
Cutlass, ^-~.».ii sham-sheer.
Cylinder, aJ_j!looleh.
Cymbal, jy±~> suntoor.
Cypress, j^-. surv.
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VOCABULARY. 61
D.
Dagger,^* khanjar.
Daily, j*j> jj^ rooz be rooz.
Dale, sjt der-reh.
Damage, Jrb zarar ; «_~say&; c^L-i.
khessdrat.
Damage, v., jjL,jjj^ zarar resdni-
dan; ^sf^s. ayb kardan.
Damascus, «l£ shdm.
Damp, s., ojj1»j retoobut ; J nwm.
Damp, adj., jv^j retoobuti; jIj^Jnumddr ; JJ turr.
Damp, v., ^1 J~*i num dadan;
j^lov numdaslitan; y±fj turr
kardan.
Dance, ^j£j rukss.
Dance, u, ^J^, ruksseedan.m
Dancer, ^Isj ruhdss.
Dandelion (taraxacum), ^Vkdssnee.
Danger,^, khattar ; i-Jy» kJiof.
Dangerous, dli Jai. khattarndk.
Dare, v., ^^0,1—a. jessdrat kardan.
Dark, <siy\) tdreek.
Darkness, ^Jx tdreekee.
Darling, l_>j-** mahboob.
Darn, v., ^J'yj rafoo kardan.
Dart, tjJ teereh*
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62 VOCABTTLABY.
Dash (together), v., v*j~v bdhwn
zadan.
Date (of time), gfitareekh; (fruit),
l^i khurma.
Daughter, j*** dokhter.
Dauntless, bJU^j bee laic.
Dawn, ^\J-^ bamdad.
Day, jjjrooz ; pi ydm ; (Friday),
£j* juma'a ; (Saturday), ^shunbeh; (Sunday),
-~i£ y<*
shunbeh; (Monday), *-**•> do
shunbeh; (Tuesday),*-**- s« 71
siiMibeh; (Wednesday), <*~ijW
cte?w sTiurabeTt ; (Thursday),
^i jocmj s7mnbe/i. — of
Judgment, 1=**^ J3jroozi kiamet.
— and nighty j L--i s/iwb ve rooz.
— by day, jjyi jjjrooz be rooz.
Every—
Jjj;^ hur rooz. To-day,
j3r \ imrooz. — hook, eb-.» das-
tafe ; **bjsj rooznameh.
Dead, tt>j*murdeh.
Deadly, eV muhlik ; s^^kushen-
deh.
Deaf,jT fear.
Deaf (to be), v., *y. fkar boodan ;
(to become), CM fkar shudan.,
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VOCABULAEY. 63
Deal (quantity),j Jl kudr ; (a great),
jL*j bisydr.
Deal, v., ^^i *«—«j talcseem Tcardan.
Dealer (trader),J^\^ sodager.
Dear (expensive), \fgerdn; (affec-
tionate),^^ azeez.
Death, d^ mcwv/ ; oj< mot.
Debt, \j>J Jcarz.
Debtor,jU^^S karzddr.
Deceased, *y*j+ marhoom.
Deceit, ^ ghubn.
Deceive, v., ^y ajJu maghboonTcardan
Decency, ^fs~>\2> shdyestegee.
Decide, v., ^z SL hukm dddan.
Decision, SL hukm.1 o
Declaration, -yi shurhh; ^s-\ i'ldn;
^Lj biydn.
Declare, v., cp5'_ ri shurhh guftdn ;
jb ^^Ul t7«u dddan ; ^sj \^
biydn kardan.
Declivity, yjj.)^ sar-a-zeeree.
Decorate, v., ^^-^I drdstan.
Decrease, ^tfS'kam kardan.
Decree, ^5^9 fetva.
Decrepit, ~is«-» zaeef.
Deduce, v., ^j}]/- ^ar awardan.
Deduct, r., ±f S'kam kardan.
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64VOCABULARY.
Deed, &- sanad ; o*3" hujjet ;~~
(of sale), *»W> kebdleh. Title—J^bonchdk.
Deep, ^ god ; ,>** ameek.
Deer, y»l<x7ioo.
Defamation, ^j.. ladndmee.
Defame, v., ^/fU^ bad^zm feardaw.
Defeat, o—£i shakast.
Defeat, u, g^b 0-&- shakast dddan.
Defeated, *•>,> c*-** shakast khur-
deh.
Defect, l-~* ai/b.
Defective, <j*^> ndkiss.
Defend, ^Al-a»& negah ddshtan.
Defendant, *J1 J-±*mudda'i aleyhi.
Defer, v., eyS-tol #>*" ta'areefc a»-
dafc Titan.
Deference, c-/ hurmut.
Deficiency,^>« nuksdn.
Defile, v., o^/^ »w»i«s kwdan;
^o-Tdl^ ndpdk kardan.
Defile (passage),*&> tengeh.
Defiled, ^ najas.
Defilement, i=~A* tvajdsat ; JWndpdkee.
Definite, ^Isfcate' ; £r>
sareeh.
Degree, a»,^ derejeh.
| Delay,^ deeri.
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TOCABULAEY. 65
Delay, v. 5C)^r^o.lj ta'kheer Tcardan ;
eJ-iiO"3 deer Jcardan.
Deliberate, tLa».l I ba ihtidt.
Deliberate, v., *ffi filer Tcardan;
±j> o,^!* mashverat kardan.
Delicacy, J^\i nazuki ; ir-ilid litafat.
Delicate, d,li ndzuk ;v-a.Wl Za£ee/.
Deligbt, k^ few*;; ^b shddee ;
^Ui-ji. hhosh hdli.
Delight, v., C^L Jl^y. fc7i5s7i fossZ
sdkhtan.>
Delighted,^—, masroor.
Delightful, -ju mufarrah ; liX) j diZ
goghd.
Delirious, ^Ij* hezydn.Deliver (to give), v., *h
rJLj fo*.
leemdddan; (to liberate), ^a/ahlazid hardan; ^ata oli wejJt
dddan; ±jTyj,\> khelass Jcardan.
Deliverance, oUs' nejdt.
Deluge, e)^ £o/#n,.
Demand, v., ,^>\y- khastan ; ^J-Jktalabeedan.
Demand, s., ytaly. khdhesh ; ^J»taZa&.
Demolish, ^^/"(-j1^ khardb hardan.
Demon, &* jin.
Den,jli ghar ; *>*) Idnek.
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66 YGCABTJLABY.
Denial,j Vol inhdr.
Dense, kj£ ghaleez.
Deny, v., sfJ6i\ inkar hardan.
Depart, v., &*j rqftan ; aif ^fhooch hardan.
Departure, ~y hooch; <zSj*- harahat.
Depend, v., ^y <i^~j busteh boodan;
^y jlacx* muta'alah boodan.
Depopulate, *f &\jj vayran har-
dan.
Deposit, ojM amdnat.
Deposit, v., ^UrooLl amdnat gu-
zasktan.
Depredate, ^J o,l* ghdrat hardan.
Depth, ^sjfgodee; J*c- umh.
Descend,v., ^J^l ^J^pdyeenamadan.Describe, v., ^jT^L^ baydn hardan;
gzid J^-aaJ tafseel guftan.
Description, ^Lj ba.ydn; J~a£ taf-
seel.
Desert, ^Lj bee dbdn; <j^i dasht ;
\jsr°sahrd.
Desert, v., ^\J^guzdshtan; ^f^Jtarh hardan ; (military), otfjl?
ferdr hardan.
Deserter (military), ^J\j ferdri.
Deserve, v., ^^ jO** mustahdh
boodan.
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VOCABTTLABY. 67
Design (intention), ss\j\irddeh ;
3f*h>wa~ksood; (sketch), *£& nuk-
sheh.
Desire, y^\ drzoo ; J^y- khdhesh.
Desirous, Jvi*£*l_ji. khuhesh mund ;
ijLJLe mushtdk.
Destroy, v., ^^f\f\j* khardb kar-
dan.
Destruction, (jjl^ khardbee.
Detach, v., ^j^TIjo. judd kardan.
Detail, J^tf tafseel.
Detain, v., ,jz^\3 »Ki negah dashtan.
Detest, v., ,jJ^! Jo bad dmadan.
Devil, ^IW.- shaitdn.
Devise, v., ^&J^Sa tadbeer kard.an.
Devoid, ^U. khdli.
Devote, v., { ,\_fJ\j Tcerar guzashtan;
&&£ <j\jj3korbani kardan.
Devoted, jj^u mutassadik ; (your
devoted), Li ^J* faddvi shuma.
Devotee, s., c^-Ju* mukaddass ; l_—,'~~,
muta'assib.
Devotion, c^Le ibddat.
Dew, J c_~i shub num.
Dexterous, jl-X kar sdz.
Dialogue, ol^j Jlj- soodl vejaivab;
y^stTguft o goo.
Diamond, y-Ul almass.
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68 VOCABTTLABY.
ul
Diarrhoea, Jl*J iss-hal; ^jj Sz>
sheTcem ravish.
Diary, a*^ roozndmeh.
Dice)V$* muhr.
Dictionary, u>»J loghut.
Die, v., aM oji fot shudan; $*j*murdan.
Diet, v., ifj^jj parheez kardan.
Differ, v., tf&\& jj farlc ddshtan ;
c^->b cjjIw tefdvut ddshtan.
Difference, jjs /<xrA;; ojUj tefdvut;t_»^i»l ikhtilaf.
Different, 1j^ judd; »J^^c alahe-
deh ; jtp gheir.
Difficult, J££* mushkil ; j\fZt* dosh-
vdr.
Diffidence, a*Jj vahemeh.
Dig, v., Jj^Tcandan.
Digest, v., ^j Ji^j' tahleel raftan.
Dignified, ^ISjl ba vekdr.
Dignify, v., ^L t-J^ musharafsdkhtan.
Dignity, jl»j vekdr ; a li» shd'an.o >
Dilatory, v^—. sust ; J~j tunbul.
Diligence, * 1*2*1 ihtimdm.
Dilute, v., c)j/' ^Is fca£t kardan;
±J'] ^s* makhloot kardan.
Dim,^b tar.
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VOCABULARY. 69
Dimension, i^-U' kidss ; ^IaIo mikddr.
Diminish, v., ±jT£ Team kardan ;
Ozf*\>^koota kardan.
Dine, v., &Sjy* *& sham khurdan.
Dinner, -li. sham.
Dip, v., tfsfjj* ghurh Tcardan.
Direct, o-»^ rdst; ~?-~-~-<> mustakeem.
Direct, v., ^if A\jit\j rdhnama'i
Tcardan.
Directly (straight), ^^—c Ui,^ dar
Tchut-i mustakeem.
Dirt, u>6\~S~kesafat ; jfj* chirkee.
Dirty, U^fkeseef ; d^. chirk.
Dirty, v., sf\j^ keseef kardan ;
yjji^d^. chirk kardan.
Disagree, v., ^b (_i^bi.l ikhtildfddshtan.
Disallow, v., ^J^> J^5 Jcdbool nekardan.
Disappear, v., ^Ji Jja-i* mafkootshudan.
Disappoint, v., &f±#>\ li na omeedkardan.
Disapprobation, ^J^~j U na jpassan-dee.
Disaster, o»1 afat; ^ held.
Disbelieve, v., ^J^ j^. haver ne
kardan.
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70 YOCABULABY.
Discernment, jUxJ imtidz.
Discharge, 1;., aS\& o^a. jawab da-
dan ; C ^J> ^iy* murakhas kar-
dan ; ^j^j^ beyroon kardan.
Discharge, s., ^^j* murakhassi.
Disciple, *>/\i shdgird; Jo^ mureed.
Discipline, ^Ikalintizdm ; Ji3 wuzra.
Discipline, v., ^.sta ,.1*3wmw dddan ;
uji/o-iji tarbidt kardan.
Disclose, -y., ^.^f^l^l iz-hdr kardan.
Discomposure, ujl^uil izterab ; t^-la-j
vahhshat; ij^jjperishdni; jh**.
Disconcert, ^L tj^Li* muzteribsdklitan.
Discontent, cwU,U w« rezdyet.
Discover, v., &&f\j&.\ ikhtird kardan.
Discourse, jkJ nutk ; olki. khetdb.
Discourteous, ^1<j_ foe a<2ct&.
Disease, ^^ maraz ; ^ji-li n« fe7io-
s7u ; i^j dartZ.
Disgrace, Jl^ rissvdee.
Disgrace,!'., ^j/Ij-, rissoa kardan;
o^sljk ti &ee aferoo kardan.
Disguise,!'., ^/^U Jjjuj tabdeel-i-lebdss kardan.
Disgust, o^ ?i(/rai.
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YOCABULAEY. 71
Dishjoliio boshkdb ; ^Jji zdrf.
Dishonour. See Disgrace.
Dislike, v., ^ J^ pasand nekardan.
Dislocate, v., ^f ^~i fuskh kardan.
Disloyal »\f» esUi nemelc hardrri; U^j
bee vefd ; ^-klxdyen.
Disloyalty, ^j*- KiU5 nemak hardmi;
(ojUi. klviydnat.
Dismal, eJUJ^ft,Mlndk.
Dismay, v., ^JujLj^ tarsdneedan.
Dismiss, v., ^^f <j^v* muraklias
kardan; yzjT^j*] ikhrdj kardan.
Dismissed, sJC, <jx»j* muraklias sliu-
deh.
Dismount, v. act., ^o^ s^Ij piddehshudan.
Dismount, v. pass., ^^fuLi piddehkardan.
Disobedience, jUy li na farmdni ;
L5£ftlt1 b" na ita'ati.
Disobedient, <^s-%\ j bee itd-at ;
aJa^jJi gheyr i mutee.
Disorder, j&jj^j tashveesh ;{J!~>.j u-i
puss o peeshee.
Dispatch, v., sJ~ ii\jj rawdneh kar-
dan ; jjj^U-^ feristadan.
Dispensary, <uU.\j* daivd khdneh.
Disperse, v., ^^b pdsheedan;
^sfjuiii pakhsh kardan.
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72 VOCABULARY.
Displease, v., ^Jj*! jiy. fc7ios7i ne
amadan; (vex) ^U jft^ ranjeshdddan.
Displeasure, Jj ranj.
Disposition, (temper), _Jj* mizdj ;
oJU. hdlat.
Disposition (arrangement), t-~jytarteeb *u>j vuz'e.
iy\sY>ossess,v.,^jZ.\ji.\iJchrdjlcardan.
Dispute, clji neza; J-s j JU &«Z o
fcai/Z.
Dispute, v., ^J^y neza kardan.
Disrespect, (S»]/»-\ ^ bee ihterdmi.
Distance, toiL* musdfat; A*\s fds-
sileh.
Distant, j3 J door ; Juw ba'eed.
Distinct, -»lj vdzehh.
Distinguish, v., tfa j j^ tameez dd-
dan.
Distress, \->\)a*>\ izterab ; *^% feld-
hat; Ji^jj jperishanee.
Distress, v., *f ^li^ perishdn
kardan ; ^jT^JaJn muzterib kar-
dan.
Distribute, v.. zfj>J3 tafreek kar-
dan ; ^$j> *s-«o takseem kardan.
Distribution, i^~«—I kismat ; «e-&5
takseem ; Jif3 tafreek.
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VOCABULARY. 73
District, ew^j velayet; <^**£L. hekoo-
mat.
Disturbance, s^fitneh ; ^^ aslioo-
bi ; \i-y- g hog ha.
Disturb, v. (moral), ^f o~^A P e~
rishdn Jcardan ; ^s>J J^.y^> tash-
veeshkardan; (physical), o^».U.jl
^j<i az jd hardkat dddan.
Disunion, JfljS ferak ; ^s*- juddee.
Ditch (of a town), JJ^* khandak ;
(in a field), ujI»],
rah db ; jj i-j1 ab-
ro ; j4 nahr.
Ditto, Lajl ayzan ; ^ neez ; **> hum.
Divan, o£*^ neem takht; \^SJ?
neemkat.
Dive, v., £*j»> £>£ ghooteh khur-
dan.
Divers, ^^m ba'azi ; J^ chand.
Diverse, jjz* mutafarek; &y^fgoonagoon.
Diversion, 1-i.Uj' tamdshd ; —J3 ta-
faruj ; oiU-» ziafat.
Divert, v. (please), ^L^jy—> mas-
roor sdkhtan ; (turn off") .*^tf
garddnidan.
Divide, v., ^j? *~~x* takseem kar-
dan.
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74
Dividend, ow Itismat.
Divine, ^AJIill alii ; ^si. khoddee.
Divorce, jWo teldk.
Divorce, v., ^b j^k faZafe dadan.
Divulge, v., &*fj\j>} ibrdz kardan.
LDizzy, ptS'geech.
Do, v., *J^ kardan; (make),
sdkhtan.
Doctor (medicine), k-~-J» tabeeb ;
(learned man), **£* hakeem; lib
da?i« ; (of laws), J^s* mujtahed.
Document, Js-^fkaghaz ; >xu- sanad.
Dog, eL- sa^f ; (greyhound), ^jli
TOCABULAET.
tdzee ; (sporting), ^^> tooleh ;
(puppy), <sL»a3ji>tooleh sag « eU^.
Dog-star, \jjs£> she* tree.
Doll, ^Lijj/saroossek.
Dome, -xS gunbud.Domestic (servant), j£y noker ; (not
wild), ,_/iili- khdnegee.
Dominion, o~bL< sultanat.
Donation, J^£- bakhshesh ; J*il
Donkey, cYl oZafc ; J* khur.
Door,^^ dur.
Doorkeeper, \>jtdurbdn.
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VOCABULARY. 75
Dormitory, *fc<->^y» Tchdbgah.
Dot, alaiii nuTcteh.
Double (twice), tj\i)*dobareh; (folcU,
Vo dolah.
Double (letter of alphabet), J^Juiilj
ba tashdeed.
Double-faced,^ j* do roo.
Double-tongued, ^jj^ l_-^.U sahib
do zebdn.
Double, v., &*f^ td Icardan; *jT)lji
dold Icardan.
Doubt, a~i shubheh; tsli sliak.
Doubt v., ^\^ s^ shubheh dash-
tan; y^ib eLi s7*afc dashtan ;
j^xil JJLTgemaw dashtan.
Doubtless, (sli ^ bee s7iafc.
Dove, l^s Mmree; (ring), &f\ ]/a
fcereera.
Dough, ^*i. khameer.
Dower, »^o mihreh.
Down (below), ycb pdeen; (on chin),
sj~-subzeh.
Down fallen, *jt»l vftddeh.
Downhill, jL)\r> sarazeer.
Doze, v., g&j c^a. churt zadan.
Drag, v., ^J^S'Tcasheedan.
Dragon, U^jl izhdihd.
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Draper, )\jtbazaz.
Draught, ^ bad.
Draw (to drag), ^sJS'kasheedan ;
(sketch), ±~^ && nuksheh ka-
sheedan.
Dread, \j*J tarss.
Dream, Lj\ji- ktidb.
Dress, u-lJ lebdss ; dby, poshdk.
Dried, g^Telii. khushk harden.
VOCABULARY.
Dropsy,
Drill, ..ila mashh dddan.
Drink, v, ^J^y nusheedan (khur-
dan, 'to eat,' is usually employed
instead of nusheedan).
Drop, s., tJaSkutreh.
i«»! istiskd.
Drought, tJ^- khushki.
Drown, v., ^j^» J/1- ghurk kar-
dan.
Drug, IjJ dawa.
Drum, JJ» tubl.
Drunk, o-* must.
Dry, elio. khushk.
Duck, d-^l urduk.
Due, ja- 7iafc.
Dull (not sharp), &fkun&.
Dumb, i&S'gung ; JV Idl.
Dung, y pehen.
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VOCABULAET.
Duplicate, *ja i^-5 nuskheh-i-du-
yum.
Durable, -1j^U fea dawdm.
During, *ta U ma dam.
Dust, isJU. &7itffc; jU ghuhdr; *f
gard.
Duty, o^> min-nat; <-iX> takleef.
Dwarf, J5 s^^kootdh hud.
Dwell, v., gjsitaUC. suknd dashtan.
Dye, elj, ran^.
Dynasty, aLJL silsaleh.
Dysentery, Jl*-1 ishaZ.
77
E.
Each, yt liar; ck,» haryek.
Eager, jUt* mushtdk.
Ear, J^J'goos'h.—
ring, t}^<fgoosh-
vareh. —of corn, *Zy» khoosheh.
Early, >>jjzood. —
rising, ^j-z*>j**
sahr-kheezee. — in the morn-
ing, ijj -*-» subh zood. —spring,
jl& Jjl aval i behdr. —fruits,
j>£ no her.
Earnest, J*i—> musta'idd.
Earth, is)!*- khdk ; et*j zameeu.
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78 VOCABTJLAEY.
Earthy, ^U. TchdTcy.
Ease, o^|; ra-hut ; ^id^,] asoo-
degee; ^yL-1assanee.
East, Jij2-° musliruk.
Easily, ^Ul \> ba assanee.
Eat, v., &i>jy» khurdan.
Ebb (tide), jja.juzr.
Ebony, u-yjl dbnooss.
Eddy, \J\$yq irdab.
Edge, »* dum.
Edict, ^U/ fermdn.
Educate, i>j o*j,-j tarbeeyat liar-
dan ; uMjij?, parvareedan.
Education, o-o^ tarbeeyat.
Effect,^'! asar ; as^ nateejeh.
Effeminacy, ^>*t%> moldyam at ; ^-.y
nurmee ; \j^j* k na mardee.
Effort, J^jT Itooshish ; ^jj-.s«'ee.
Effrontery, ^j^^. be shurrnee ;
^^^.S'gostdkhee.
^SE) £j* t^ tttkhm murgh; (to lay
eggs), j^jf^-z tukhm guzashtan ;
(soft boiled),^) ^J »a£ tukhm neem
puz ; (hard boiled), 2^ ci- s(/*£
pukhteh ; (fried), *j~3 neem roo ;
(yoke of) jjj zardeh ; (white of),
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YOCABTJLAET.
(shell), u>~»jj
79
slji khdh; (.!>>%*
sX*Ju* seefeedeh j
poost.
Eight, v^lft Jiasht.
Either, U i/a ;
heech kuddm
Eject, v., ^jT^jj^ beroon kardan;
^sfJ\j»\ ikhrdj kardan.
Elbow, Jj\ drenj.
Elect, v., ^^T'l-jI^' intikhdb kardan.
Elected, l_»«^* muntakhib.
Elegance, o^j zeenat.
Elephant, J-i feel.
Elevation, \uj\ irtifd.
Elin-tree, ^15 ndrvan.
Elongate, v., ^^iSj^ derdz kasliee-
dan.
Eloquent, j5^" sukhan goo.
Else, *ja. juz ; >j& be juz.
Emancipate, v., ±f i\j\dzdd kar-
dan.
Embarrass, v., sf *»-! dshufteh
kardan ; ^J~ t-^ka* mustarib
kardan.
Embellish, v., [^\J \ ardstan.
Emblem, ^liJ nishdn.
Embrace, v., ^f J* baghal girif*
tan; tf>y <J>$\ j* der aghoosh
girifian.
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80 VOCABULARY.
Embroidery, <jjj* jj zar doozee.
Emerald, Sy) zumurud.
Emetic, Ji^'j-J dawa-i-kay.
Eminence (rank), ^fyf. buzurgee ;
(hill), Kjj]/\r- sarafrdzee; ^jJobulandi.
Eminent, dy» buzurg.
Emit, v., a^/^.\jaJ\ ikhrdj kardan.
Emotion, ^}^>\ izterdb;{J^&\ a-
shuftegee.
Emperor, j^S ka'isser ; »li^»>Lii shah
in shah.
Employ, v., a&\& J*i shughl dadan ;
jjj^U j% Tear dadan ; yiji J^.«mashghool hardan.
Empower, v., ^^/^Ui* mukhtdr har-
dan.
Empty, jJU. Ichdli.
Enamel, U~o mee?w&.
Encampment, j^,l urrdoo.
Enclose, v., *J^A>\*.\ ihdteh kardan.
Encore! -J]
afereen; tj^^o dobdreh;
La.;* marhaba.
Encourage, v., $fjlz daleer kar-
dan.
End,^! dkher ; j-» sar ; *rfl anjdm;
«sa. khatm ; \&i\ intihd.
Endanger, i\, c^!jJl^lai. >>ji ciar fc/ia-
tar anddkhtan.
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VOCABULARY. 81
Endeavour, Jut>f kooshish ;{jt~>
sa'ee; *Ui*l ihtimdm.
Endurance, <-jU tab ; osll» takat.
Enemy, c^i-^ doshman.
Energetic, )j> firz ; *&>jj zarang.
Engage, c^-^ o^co da'wat khas-
tan.>
Engine, *£L mangeneh.
English, i^r-lCjl Engleez.
Engrave, v., ^J^kandan.
Enjoin, v., ^^Tjo b' ta'keed Tcardan.
Enjoy, v , ±j>laa. huz Tcardan ; J^y-
c.xi jfkhush guzdsTitan.
Enlarge, v., Mpf&jjk buzurg Tcardan;
i>yz\>_) ziyad Tcardan.
Enlighten, v., ^J~ ^j roshan Tcar-
dan.
Eumity, ^^ doshmani ; ^Ss.adawat.
Enough, y-j buss; c^&'lcefayeb.
Enter, v., ^.xi Ji-b dakhel shudan;>
^j y too raftan.
Entire, ^VTcdmel ; -Uj tamdm.
Entirely, J*Ub bil-kul.
Entrails, s^ roodeh.
Entrance, Jy-o delchool.
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82 VOCABULABY.
Entreat, v., ^a/'u-UsJI iltimtiss kar-
dan.
Envelope, -wW lefafeh ; ^Ipaket.
Envoy, ^-J»Jeelchi.
Envy, J-.* hassad.
Envy, v., ^j>.<*-*» hassad burdan.
Epilepsy, pL, ^-sar sam.
Epipbany, \y> ^ Mu& shooyan.
Epitome, s*s*?mukhtasser.
Equally b&raber ; J* la. mukabel ;
j\*+* hamvar; ^j 1— musavee.
Equator, 1^-1^ khut-i-istwd.
Eradicate, ^gH jl
a« beefc7t feaw "
dowi.
Erase, v., ^^T^^ saf kardan.
Erect, v. ^f v-*> nasb kardan ;
^TjJj buland kardan.
Erection, J^l^J istadigee ;i.l»1
ikamat; (building), JW bend'ee;
cj,U& irndrat.
Ermine ijI^" senjdb.
Err, t'., uVO*- sa 'M ' kardan ;!aic
^jTghalat kardan ; asf^ ftfceta
kardan; *f^ khubt kardan;
^o^j^i khelcif kardan.
Errand, ^4 payg ham.
Error, U& ghalat.
Erudition, yjta ddnish ; ^ Urn.
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VOCABULAEY. 83
Escape, v., &&$' gureekhtan ; j]/^sjTfrdr kardan.
Escape, y.fgureez ; j\J> ferdr.
Escort, iS,Si badrakeh.
Especially, L^as.* makhsoossan;lJs-
yoj^sJi ala el khesooss.
Essence, jty* jo liar; <z>\j zdt.
Establish, v., i>_fIt y her pa kar-
dan ; ^jja* mukarar kardan;
^j^La) nasb kardan.
Estate, JU mdl.
Esteem, v., ~JA*y..f azeez ddshtan;
^^1.} *jzs* muhterem ddshtan.
Estimate, v., ±f ^j]^ bar-dvard
kardan; *j jyua takfimeen za-dan.
Estrange, v., ^sfj^ door kardan.
Et-cetera, s^cj vagheyreh.
Eternal, fd^-^a hameesheh-ee ; ^Jolabadee ; «>U dayem.
Eternity, Jo\ abad.
Evacuate, v., &fjk. khdli kardan;
^3j*A£ takhlieh kardan.
Eve, L_~i> shub.
Even (of numbers), o-a?. juft ; (odd
or even), us*Sa.l» dJ tak ydjilft.
Even, adv., +* hum ; jJ neez.
Even (to make), ^^uJU sdf kar-
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84
J^L. j\y* hamvdr sdkh
shut.
i^-» sar-gu
dan;tan.
Even, adj., ^jl—» musdvee ; j\>«*
hamvdr.
Evening. -Ifi sham;
Event, j'ii'l itifdk;
zasht.
Ever, <ii^»» hameesheh.
Every, j* hur.
Evict, v., tf^f -\f*\ ikhrdj kardan.
Evidence, »«sWi> shehddat.
Evident,J^ dslikar ; ^>\jvazehh
Evil, adj., Jo had.
*j]A slierdrat ;
VOCABULARY.
Evil, ^jS) bad.ee;
(misfortune), "h held.
Eunuch, ^ ]
y- khdjeh.
Euphrates, ^>\J ferdt.
Ewe, ^J^c sjU madeh meesh.
Ewer, aj'^1 aftabeh.
Exact, \z~*\j rdst ; ^u be-ayneh.o
Exaggerate, v., Jw£l ighrdk.
Exalt, v., ^1/1 afrdkhtan.
Exalted, j\j>\ afrdz.
Examine, v., &<*yj\ azmoodan ; ^^*\3
^ifimtihdn kardan.
Examination, o \0*\ imtihdn.
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VOCABULARY. 85
Example (specimen), -uj*3 nemooneh;
(model), ^j-» soorat.
Excavate, v., ^xS^kandan.
Exceed, v., {j^^guzas'htan.
Exceeding, u>j»L«J nihdyat ; o^lj
ziyddet; jL~? bisydr.
Excel, »., a J.i J-iU /flzti shudan.
Excellence, J-is /azL
Excellency (title), vUa.jen«b.
Except, v., sj\^~,\ istisnd kardan.
Except, 1_j~»sivd.
Exception, UizJ istisnd.
Excess, J> .ilij ziyadetee.
Excessively, jJ 1 jy file el hddd ;
»jU]| jy f5k el a'adeh.
Exchange, v., i>fj>*s- avaz kardan;
^if J^Lo mobddeleli kardan.
Exchange, *., j>y- avaz; Jjo badal ;
JojJ' tabdeel ; dJ^L. wobddeleh.
Excite, v., i2&f>\ angeehhtan.
Exciting, jS'A angeez.
Exclude, i>J P-y°y* mowzoo kar-
dan.
Excuse, j^s- uzr ; u^Jj«* ma'azarat.
Excuse, v., ^ J....
*. B bakhsheedan ;
(one's self), ^^J* -uzr fcftas-
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86 VOCABITLAEY.
tan ; cj-^«.1jj
kha'stan.o,j*^ ma'azarat
Execrable, ^^Ju mal'oon.
Execute (to do), d\z ^y soorat-
dadan ; (to kill), ^^S'kushtan.
Executioner,tjf
M> nasakchi ; &%>.
jal-lad.
Executor, ***) vasee.
Exempt, i_iU-e ma'df.
Exempt, v., ^.i^-il** ma'df kardan.
Exercise, ji-o maslik; [J»jj* varzash;
(ground), ji-. \j~* maydan i
mashk.
Exercise v., a i\i jJL* mashk dadan;
J+ijj varzeedan ; (a horse), \jk*f
^ij gardash burdan.
Exert, v., ^>J> j^>jT kooshesh kar-
dan.
Exhaust (to empty), zjT J\± khali
kardan; (fatigue), ^$fx^~± khastakardan.
Exhausted, ^U. khali; ax-»i khasta.
Exigence, --W1 ihtiyaj.
Exist, v., j^-a hastan; a 2j> boodan.
Existence, ^^^ hastee ; *y*j vejood.
Exodus, o,.** hejreh.
Expect, v., ^xita jUiJl intizar dash-
tan ; ^\z ;Jy tavaku' dashtan.
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YOCABTJLAEY. 87
Expectation, jllxjlintizdr ; gSy
ta-
vaku.
Expediency, cu-~»U_« munasibat ;
\X~j.li shayestehgee.
Expedient, i_—>\u mundsib.
Expedite,!;.,o^lW" to? ajeelJcardan.s
Expedition, j\a.jald; ^ tund ; isJ^lU.
chaldk.
Expel, v., ^sf —\f*\ ikhrdj kardan ;
^^T^c^j beyroon kardan.
Expenditure, -y*. kharj.
Expensive, J\jTgerdn.
Experience, ^.Ujl azmdyesh; ^jd
tajrubeh.
Experiment, ^UJ'' imtihdn.
Expert, .al=~>l ustdd; ^*±.Ijba lchabar ;
Expiration, *UiiJl inkiza ; j~> sar.
Expire (time), v., ^J^ *UfiJl inkiza,
shudan ; ^J^l j->sar amadan.
Explain, v., jJ^^Uj bayan kardan;
^U. liali.
Explanation, ~jt> shurhh; Lj ba-
ydn.
Expletive, J^lj pfkelam zdyed.
Explicit, fa> sareehh.
Expose, v., tfj\£>\ izhar kardan ;
sf)\j>\ibrdz kardan.
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88 YOCABTTLAEY.
Expression (pronunciation), Soak tala-
fuz ; (phrase), c^Lt i bdrat.
Expunge, v., ^j Js Jcalam zddan.
Exquisite, »-iJJ lateef.
Extend,!;.,^ xJ^j\jt> derdz Jcasheedan.
Extension, J^ tool; ^jj\j* derdzee ;
o*-j vusa'at.
Extensive, £*~>jvusee\
Exterminate, ^ (•J^**maadoom
Jcardan.
Extinguish, ±f yi^U. Ichamoosh
Icardan.
Exterior, oiJ^. beyroon; ^l* Tcharej.
External, &3j*o\ azbeyroon; k^&-
Jcharejan.
Extol, v., 2>J^<~&>j*i ta'areef Jcardan.
Extort, ^J'jsj^. bd zoor giriftan.
Extraneous, aibCo bee gdneh; \->if-
ghareeb.
Extraordinary, t-^s* ajab;jjU mdder;
»«sUSljji fok el a'adeh ; v_^c gha-
reeb.
Extreme, l$a! intihd ; j»1 dkher.
Exuberance, ^jS'jiisrat ; J^J z-w/a-
Eye, *£•*• clieshm.
Eyebrow, j^ldbroo.
Eyeglass (spectacles), isl~£ eynek.
Eyelash, ^y* muzhgdn.
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TOCABULAET. 89
Eye (pupil), eUjy. mardamek.
Eyesight, _,1jo.j deeddr.
F.id
Fable, ±*3 kisseh; ^l^ta dastan ;
ooKL. hekdyet.
Fabricate, v., j^l- sdkhtan.
Face,^, roo ; s^. chehreh; J^j pay-
leer ; ~j i uxli.
Face to face, jj jj roo be roo.
Face, v., $f Jj'Ju mukabel kardan.
Facetious, ±jL shooJch.
Facilitate, U^/' UL1 asdn Tcardan;
yjjjS^J^. sahl kardan.
Facility, <JU asdnee ; o^-» sehoo-
lat.
Fact, ofliSa. Tidkeekat.
Faction, jiilk tdyefeh.
Factory, jiUylTfear khdneh.
Factotum, tJ^*+*> hameh kdreh.
Fade, ^J^ *•*/* Ji pazh murdeh shu-
dan.
Faint, t—^ za-eef.
Faint, v., ^J^ ur1^-? &ee hoosh $hu-
dan.
Fair, i_uj& zareef ; ^jy> u-j* khosh
soorat.
Fairy, ^ #eri.
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90
Faith, ^UjI aymdn.
Faithful, jta &* deenddr ; jtaUj vefa
dar.
Fall, ^alal iiftddan.
False, c^-i deroogh ; \->&Mzb.
Fame, -.13 nam.
Family, a3'i- Jal ahel-i-khdneh.
Famine, J^ kahh-tee.
Famous, j^-^-» mash-lwor ;
ma? roof.
Fan, y.*\i odd bezan.
Far, jjz door.
Farewell, *taj vedd.
Farrier, J^> J*3 na'al band.
VOCABTJLABY.
Farther, jjjji doorter.
Fashion, --, russm.
Fast, tjjjroozeli.
Fast, v., j^b tjjj roozeh dashtan.
Fast, adj, vXu tund.
Fast (fixed), \>y^ mazboot ; Ss+
muhkem.
Fasten, v., ^jTby^ mazboot kar-
dan ; ^sfj^s* muhkem kardan ;
c^~j bustan.
Fat, >-j^- churb.
Fatal, 12&4* mahlik ; JiU kdtil.
Fate, ji<&i takdeer ; l-.. 3 naseeb ;
£1*tale'.
W*
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VOCABTJLAKY. 91
Father, j Jj pedar.
Fatigue ^^-^ hhastagee.
Fatigue, v., ^fyz~± TchastehJcardan.
Fault, u_~& ayb ; late ghalat.
Favour, ^L^ meliribani ; i-AJ
lutf; oldl UUfat.
Favour, v.,^b oldl iltifat ddshtan.
Favourite, i_**.U<, musdhib.
Fear, ^-pr turss ; <-Jji. fc/io/.
Feast, c^iUi zidfat ; ^L*** rnilimd-
nee.
Feather, ^j per.
Feed, v., ^b cJl,y. Tchordlc dddan ;
i\^ j.ULtd-dm dadan.
Feel, v. , ^jf^-J ?ams kardan ; ^-o.
^^T^-iss Icardan.
Felt (cloth), Jl»3 namad ; (p. p . of
To feel), (.^--s* mahsoos.
Female, oU mddeh.
Fermentation, ^J>y*. joosh.
Ferocious, ,^>j vahhshee ; sJJ,c
derendeTi.
Fertile, jb J-.U. li&silddr.
Festival, J^ eecJ.
Fetch, v., ^jl dwurdan.
Fetid, sJjjS'gandeedeh ; ^^u muta-
'afin.
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92 VOCABULAKY.
Fever, l_«j tub.
Few, J'kam; JJiS kaleel ; dJJl andak.
Fidelity, Uj vefd.
F\g,j~<\ anjeer.
Fight, ellia. jawa ; ly^.3 da'aiva.
Fight, v., ±f ska. ^"aw a kardan;
sf\f.$ da'aiva kardan.
Figure, JC* haykal.
Filbert, jJci funduk.
File, yjU^i sohdn.
Fill, a;., o-i/^i pw kardan.
Filth, oiLi'&esa/at.
Find, v., ^^Ij^j paydd kardan.
Fine, a*^ jereemeh.
Fine, v., ^^i a*^ jereemeh kardan.
Fine (thin), adj., d^L bdreek; (beau-
tiful), isLls kashang ; yiji. khosh.
Finder, oiiol angusht.
Finish, ^^p j.Ujtamdm kardan.
Fir-tree, —^kaj.
Fire, ^'1 aiesTi
Fire (to set on), tj JB 1 aies7i zadan ;
(to make a), ^^T^tjl aies/i Car-
dan.
Finn, J JjU pai' dar ; j\/j> bar kerdr ;
pj.U Tcdyem ; L^u mazboot*
First, Jjl awal.
Fish, ^U mdhi.
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VOCABULARY. 93
Fishermanjfj^* mahi geer.
Fist, cu£-> musht.
Fit (proper),}^ sezdvdr ;
mundsib.
Fix, v., *f Ss» muhkam Icardan.
Flag, JJ*-> baydalc.
Flame, <*1«^ shu'leh.
Flash, ,fsMJu±ji> darakhshandegee.
~F\sit,j\}+* hamvdr; >-i'ue sdf; e)lji_?>-
Flax, ^^Mtan.
Flea, dTfcefe.
Flee, v., j&f' gureekMan ; o'irj^J
ferdr Icardan.
Flesh, ^jfgooslit.
Flexible, ^.i plchMiur.
Flight, jifgureez ; }j> ferdr.
Flock, & gilleh.
Flog, v., *jzadan.
Flood, J~» sayl.
Floor, cn*j zameen.
Flour, ij\drd.
Flow, Ukxi e^U. jdri shudan.
Flower, $gul.
Fly, ,^-C magas.
Fly, v., cjJ^ri pereedan.
Foal, tjTliureh.
Fodder, «-Jlft 'ala/.
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94 VOCABULARY.
Fog, ao meh.
Fold, b td.
Fold, v., *fk td kardan.
Follow, v., ^J'i^ie. dkab Tcardan.
Follower, £% tale' (pi. &>*>& ta-
be'een).
Folly, c^sLa. hemdkat.
Food, (2)ij^a.khordk.
Fool, ,j*&.1 alimak.
Foot, b pa.
For, ^^ berai; l#£ be jaJiateh.
Forbid, v., &fa~* man'a kardan.
Force, j^j zoor.
Ford, i^jjfguzargdh ; j*x+ ma'abar.
Forehead, ijlt-j peeshdni.
Foreigner, i_^£ ghareeb.
Forementioned, jjTl* mazkoor.
Forenoon,^;! ,jLo peesft az zw/ir.
Forest, JKX». jangal.
Forfeit, *+ij=* jareemeli ; jU» ta'oon.
Forgery, J*?. ^'a'aZ.
Forget, v., ±f~ J±y>\j faramooshkardan.
Forgive, v., ^sJLki bakhsheedan.
Fork, JKIa. chengdl.
Forlorn, J^r> bee kas.
Formal, ajU—j rasmdneh.
Former, ^si-o peeshter.
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VOCABULARY. 95
Forsake, v., ^\jfguzdshtan.
Fort, Asia kala'eh.
Fortify (a castle), v., ^f\>yJu, maz-
boot kardan; (a sick man), oy^\^ koovet dddan
Fortunate, u^i-^y- khosh bukht.
Fortune, o-as bukht; l-~-oJ naseeb.
Forward, (jt-j peesh.
Foul, eh*, chirk.
Foul-mouthed, ^j^ bad zebdn.
Foundation, t^-Ll asdss; jLj bunydd.
Fountain, »,1y fovdreh.
Fowl, £,* murgh.
Fox, «ljj roobah.
Fragment, s^b pareh.
Fragrance, y^y* khosh boo.
Frame, y^" kdb.
France, a-JI^s Frdnseh.
Free, ah\ azdd.
Freedom, ^Ijl azddee.
Freeze, v., ^j^-i & yakh bustan.
Fresh, »j'u'tdzeh.
Friend, o—j-s doost ; j\ ydr.
Friendship, j~>)* doostee.
Fright, u*J turss.
Frighten, v., ^J^Laj turssdndan.
Frivolous, jJj^J bee ma'anee.
Frog, <w^/ kurbdkeh.
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96 VOCABTTLAEY.
From, jl az.
Frontier, j^-. sarhad.
Froth, uSkaf.
Frown, -i-1 dkhm.
Frozen, J^* munjamid.
Frugal, *j\$ ledne'.
Fruit, »j;* meeveh.
Fry, v., $frj~> surhh Icardan.
Fuel, *-* heemeh.
Fulfil, v., zf^$3 taTcmeel Icardan.
Full, jj pur.
Funeral, »jUa» jendzeh.
Furnace, J> furn (vulg., foor) ; jyj
tanoor.
Furlough, i^j* muraTchassee.
Furniture, *iU. t_>LJ asbdbi Ichdneh.
Future, sJ^l dyendeh ; <^\ dtieh.
Futurity, c^i.1 dkherat ; sJ^.\ dyen-
deh.
G.
Gain, *ii nafa' ; J-*U hdsil.
Gain, v., ^L ydfban ; ^y. J-oU.
hdsil burdan.
Gait, t\j rah.
Gallop, »z do.
Gallop, v., ^JojJ daveedan.
Gamble, v., ^.i^Ls Tcomdr Icardan.
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VOCABULARY. 97
Game <j}\> bdzi.
Game (sport), JCi, shekar ; (to make
game ot any one), ^siljol ci~o
dust anddkhtan.
Gang, «j'J» tailefeh
Gaol, u^^. huhss ; ^1 jJj zendan.
Garden, c'o bdgh.
Gardener, \J>\> baghban.
Garlic,^--, seer.
Garment, ^LJ lebass.
Garrison, jliL sdkhloo.
Garter, .x^lj zdnoo band.
Gasli, *ij zukhm.
Gate, 5jlj;.J dervdzeh.
Gather, v., ^if^jam' kardan.
Gelding, axil akhteh.
General, k^y sarteep.
Generally, ^j** umoomee ; Lj**
Generation, J-J nasi.
Generosity, ojli- sekhdvet.
Gentility, ojUi nejdbat.
Gentle, ^^U moldyem.
Gently, ax-aI dhesteh.
Genuine, J~J dseel.
Get, v., ^fgiriftan ; ^l yaftan.
Giddy,^fgeej.
Gift, yt^itf bakhshesh ; ajJ* hedich.
H
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98 YOCABULABY.
Gild, v., sjr%3-* rnutald Icardan.
Ginger, J~*ij zanjebeel.
Girdle, &~>j£~kamar band.
Girl,^s.^ dokhter.
Girth, eLj' tang.
Give, v., (j-ita dddan; ^sJm, bakh-
sheedan.
Glad, ^b shad; JW-ji. khosh-hdl ;
.jyiji. khoshnud.
Glance, «& negdh.
Glass, <v£~2» sheesheh; ^Ks-1 istikdn.
Looking— azA dyeneh.
Glazier,^ aJL-i, sheesheli bur.
Glimmer, ti^Aj; rooshndee.
Glitter, v., ^.xJLi.j.i darakhsheedan.
Globe, i) kureh.
Glory, J^U. jelldl.
Glove, (jiXLi^ dustkash.
Glue, \J-ij-*sareesh.
Go, v., ^j ruftan.
Goat,jj buz.
God, IJo. fcTwda; JSt JiZaTi. —pre-
serve you, ajfo s&j ljUi lJ* khodd
bhumdrd negdh ddrad. — forbid,
JaXj Ijo. khodd nekunad; *Ulj»s-»l
istaghfer dllah. Good — ! Cj^-J
*U\ subhan ullah. O —, 1^1 tfj/
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YOCABtTLAET
khodd. For —'s sake, 1j±.J\j>j\
azbera'i Tchoda. willing jJJULul
inshullah ; Jalya |ja. klwdd be-
khdhad.
Gold, ill, feZ/s.
Goldsmith, ,Sjj zargar.
Good, ijy. Jchoob.
Goodness, Ljji. khoobee.
Goods, ljL.,1 asbdb ; JL wa£.
Goose,jU Zc«z.
Govern, v., ^.^fcu-j^. hekoomat kar-
dan.
Government, l^£L hekoomat.
Governor, J"U hakim.
99
Gradual, ffjcam kam ; ^Sb ba
tadreej.
Grain, ii\* ddneh.
Granary, ;Lil unbar.
Grand, ^kc azeeni; &$ buzurg.
Grant, v., *\* dddan ; .ib «jL|
ijdzeh dddan.
Grape, ^ylii dngoor.
Grass, ^_eic alaf.
Grasshopper, JL malctkh.
Gratis, cui* mufti ^ !** mejdnan.
Gratitude, JiL shukr.
Grave, jJ kabr.
I Gravel, eLv, reeg.
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100 YOCABULABY.
Gray (in material), ^Jli khdkes-
teri ; (horse), J/ kiz-zil.
Graze, v., o^i^ cheridan.
Grease, ti^ charbi.
Great, djyj buzurg.
Green, j~. subz.i
Grief, *t ghum; a-»e ghusseh.*t
Grieve, v., o^J* **"* ghusseh khur-
dan.
Grind, v., c3j/'cjL-1 asydb Icardan ;
(paints and drugs), &&/ *3L» saZa-
•yeh kardan.
Groan, v., u>xrir'<»3l3 naleh kashee-
dan; yjJ^^'jl «7i kasheedan.
Groan, <^U naleh; »l a/i.
Grocer, Jl& bakkd
Grove, jlj o*^ darakht zar.
Grow, v., ^J^jj roo-ee-dan ; a J-i.rijj
buzurg shudan.
Grumble, w., ^j »>xJ lundeh zadnn.
Guarantee (person), ^U zamin ;
(warranty), ojU* zemdnat.
Guard, mL;lj passbdn ; ^J kara-
ool.
Guard, v., ^^'hi*. hifz kardan.
Guardian, fe&5—« mustahfiz ; (of a
minor), Jk\j ndzer.
Guest, ^We* mehmdn.
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Y0CABT7LA.BY. 101
Guide, JJu balad ; Uit\j rahnemd.
Guide, v., ^\J\+J *\jrah nemdee
Jcardan.
Guilt, tl^gondh ; j~*£J takseer.in
Guilty,jja» muhasser.
Gulf, -sJ^. Tihaleej.
Gum (arabic), g,^ *+~, sumgh arabi;
J?>\ angum ; (of the teeth), oij^yjljo^ gooshti-denddn.
Gun, eL« tufang ; (cannon), u>y
ioojp.—
barrel, *)j!looleh. —
stock, jljul konddle. Hammer of
gun, jl»Sa. chukmdh. Trigger,<i^>b jpdslineh.
Gunner, ^.Ljy toopchi.
Gunpowder, c^l bdroot.
Gutter, yjljjU ndvdan.
H.
Haberdasher, jl^jbazdz.
Habit, ojU 'ddet.
Habitation, ,j£l-» muskan.
Hail, e)^' tagarg.
Hair, j* moo ; (of woman), ij-fgeess.
Half, j*jneera.
Hall, ^b ddldn ; j^llj tdldr.
Halter,^Li 1 dfsdr.
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102 VOCABULARY.
Hammer, ui^- chakush.
Hamlet, sjft^ dehkeddeh.
Hand, o-o dust.
Handful, o-^* inusht.
Handkerchief, J'>*s-».s dust-mcll.
Handle,jJ^^ dust-geer.
Handmaid,^ keneez .
3
Haudsome, sj^y- khoshroo ; uzLZJ
kashang.
Handwriting', Lst-".} dust-khut.
Hang, v., t^jl aveekhtan ; ^J'^ji^aveezdn kardan.
Happen, v., ±S> aS\^ voice' shudan.
Happiness, ^yiji. khoshnudi.
Happy, .iy^i. khdshnud.
Harass, v., ^^Tevo.il aziat kardan.
Harbour,jJ^j bunder.
Hard, ^^^ sakht; (difficult), Jy^Jdoshvar ; j£~° mushkil.
Hardship, (j&> sakhtee.
Hare, sj>f/* khargoosh.
Harem, x>\jjzendneh; ^;^j' dnderoon.
Harm, l_~s 'ayb; jj^>zarar ; ^^js*
zarar kardan.
Harsh, o^,.a drusht; j>) zibr.
Harvest, J-.U hdsil.
Haste, As? 'ajaleh; J*?3^
ta'ajeel.
Hat, t^lcolu.
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VOCABULAKY. 103
Hatchet, ^J tabar.
Hate, v., ^^U Jo bad ddnestan.
Have, ,^'.3 ddshtan.
Hawk, ^y koosh.
Head,^ sar.
Headache,^~» .^a durd i sar.
Heal, v., ^^J\s. eldj kardan ; <jJU*
y&fmo'dlejeh kardan.
Health, —\j+ ruizaj.
Healthy, o-*,.i js tun-drust.
Hear, v., J~£ shuneedan.
Heart, J^ dil.
Heat, ^J'garmi; vxj\j» herdrat.
Heathen, o-^ o? but-parast.
Heaven, oi« behesht.
Heavy, [ L> sangeen.
Heel, u£>\i pdshneh.
Height, ^oJb bulandi; c\$j\vrtifa'.
Heir, cj,1_j vdris.
Hell, ~#± jehannum.
Helmet, ^ sWkold khood.J
Help, vAS komek ; *x» madad ; s^U.chareh.
Help, v., d^b (sUi* Jcomek dudan
$f£yX* madad kardan'.
Helpless, j U.v> ndchdr.
Hem, ^,.sJarz.
Hen, i*.j*. joojeh.
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101 VOCABULARY.
Hence, U^l j! dz eenjd.
Herb, i\Jfgeedh ; c^Li nabdt.
Herd, dTgelleh.
Here, U.^.1 eenjd.
Hereon, Ida J* 'ala hazd.
Hereditary, ^j^y> mauroossi.
Heretofore ^J^, peeshtee ; ^\j\ J^,peesh dzeen.
Heron, J-y» havasel.
Hesitate, v., ^jS &&jj taradud Icar-
dan. '
Hesitation, ^j/ taradud.
Hiccup, aC-C saksakeh.
Hide, v., ^jjT-iU kdyem kardan.
High, jJb buland.
Highway, 2aU jLi. shah jddeh.
Hill, aJ' tuppeh.
Hilt, *-M kubzeh.
Him, or Her, l^jloora.
Hinder, v., ^J^ ^U mane* shudan.
Hindoo, ^J^ hindee.
Hinge, ±!y looleh.
Hint, »jLi.l ishdreh.
Hire, v., ^-i/ u}jf kerayeh kardan ;
(to lend on), a&\& i-Ajf kerdyehdddan.
Hire, sAfkerdyeh.
Hireling, j**.\ ajeer.
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VOCABULARY. 105
His, jl oo.
History, &/5 tfireekh.
Hog, e)^i. khook ; j>.y±. khanzeer.
Hold, v., cJii^b a£i negdh dashtan.
Hole, f^jy*soordkh ; ^y soolakh.
Holiday, j^ eed.
Hollow, s., JUjT^odaZ.
Hollow, v., ^U. khdlee.
Holster, JJ kubul.
Holy, (^-JiU mukaddas.
Home (house), ajU. khdneh; (coun-
try), ^j vatan.
Honest, o-J, r#s£ ; ^b ^..s deenddr.
Honey, J—s. 'asal.
Honour, 9j>\ abroo ; e^» hurmut.
Honourable, fj&» muhtarem.
Hood, jLil bdshlik.
Hoof, -* sum.
Hook, t->}U kulldb.
Hoop, <wL. halkeh.
Hope, J-J umeed.
Hope, a?., jyiita Ju*l umeed ddshtan.
Hopeless, Ju*l li w« umeed.
Hops (plant), J*» khemel.
Horizon, j»l u/«&.
Horn, ^li shdkh.
Hornet, jjJj zamboor.
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106 VOCABTJLAEY.
Horrible, d'J^ holnak.
Horse, t-~J asp ; (blood), J~-l aseel;
(mongrel breed), jjIj yahoo ; (bay),
jS' Jcahar ; (black), sL- sidh ;
(gray), J^5 femi; (cbestnut), J.i/"
Jcorand, also ^jTkorang ; (sorrel),
ij>j>\ abrash ; (piebald), j^u! ab-
Zafc ; (cream-coloured), J^-, sa-
mand ; (led), djo yedek ; (bolter),
(jiS^-j sarkasli ; (ambling), ts-j. yur-
gheh; (master o?), j^\ j^\ ameer
akhor, vulg. j_y-[r^ mirakhor.
Horseback, ij\y* sawdreh.
Horseman, J\y* saivdr.
Horse-race, ^j* »-~-l asp deevdni.
Horse-shoe, J«3 na'al.
Hospitable, e>—j^ ^W-s-* mehmdn-doost.
Hospital, ajU. yaj/* onareez khdneh.
Host^b ^U^-o mehmdndar ; &[>)**
meezbdn.
Hostage, jjgero ; J^f kafeel.
Hot, ^fgarm.
Hour, o^L sd'at.
HoWjj^Lda. chetor ; *>£L chegooneh.
Howl, v., cj>^_jc>* 'oiy-'ou? kardan.
Human, ^L-i! insdni.
Humble, j*** liakeer.
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Hump, jy kooz.
Humpback, ^^ijy koozpfisht.
Hundred, Ju> sad.
Hung, xj2j1 aveekhteh.
Hunger, ^J^J'guresnegee.
Hungry, &~>fguresneh.
Hunt, v., zj~ jfcj shikar kardan
(look for a thing), ^^JS gashtan.
Hunter, ^sj£z> shikari.
Huntsman, ij>j&> shikdrchi.
Hurry, J;-*50
taajeel.
Hurt, Jjd diird.
Hurt, v., C*J ±jS diird kardan.
Husband, j*yZ> shoher.
VOCABULARY.
Husk,
107
*y, poost.2 2 3
Hut, tXkuTbeh.
Hyacinth, J~^> sunbul.
Hyena, J\so'kafbar.
Hypocrisy, j>,^y tazveer.ul
H\pocrite,^jj< muzaver.
I.
I, ^ mun.
Ice, ut yakh.
Idea JUi kheyal.
Identical, c^*j be 'ayn.
Idiom, J^*\ istilahh.
Idiot, A>\ ableh.
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108 VOCA.BTJLAET.
Idle, J~S tunbul.
Idleness, iJ^j tunbuli.
Idol, ioo but.
Idolator, <z~*jj o* but parast.
Idolatry, j~>jico but parasti.
lf,j^*\ agar.
Ignite, v., ^J-io al*ii sho'aleli ka-
sheedan.
Ignorance, J^W- jdhalee ; <j\^
ndddnee.
Ignorant, JaV jdhel ; ^tali nddan.
Ill, (jiji.li ndkhosh.
Illegal, s.A i-i^li khelaf-i-shar'eh ;
J*'.13 ndhak.
Illegitimate, »^lj (.1^.haram zddeh ;
Ml
IjjJIjJjveled-ez-zend.
Illiberal, d~*< momsek.
Illiberality eil—.1 imsdlc.
Illiterate, ^lj- <4 bee sawdd.
Illness, ,<i>ji-^ndkhoshi.
Illumination, ^Lcl^. cherdghban.
Illustrious,jU«U ndm-ddr.Ml
Imagination, j_^u tessdwur ; JU»khidl.
Imagine, ^j/^dJ tessawur kardan ;
^.j^JLi. khidl hardan.
Imbecile, Jac- J'hami 'aid.
Imitate, v., ^j^jJju takleed kardan
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VOCABULARY. 109
Immediately, ^yl1J fil.for.
Immemorial, \jja fo-ran.
Immense, »j1Jol ^ bee anddzeh.
Immoderate, Jljcxl ^ bee i'tiddl.
Immodest, »jt> ^ bee shurm.
Impartial, ^-ijo ^ bee taraf.
Impatience, \jj~e ^ bee sabri.
Impatient, j~o ^ bee sabr; aL-j*. g bee
hdseleh.
Imperfect, yosli ndkis.
Impertinence, ^fl^yt^j bee hoodeh-
gee; ^W* lJ &ee hyd-ee.
Important, *&> mohim.
Importunate, J^»L mo'dkad.
Impose, (j-il^i nehddan.
Impossible, jQ+j-i gheir-i-momlin.
Imprison, v., *J ^^a. ?itt6ss Aar-
dcm.
Imprisonment, ^^^ hubss.
Improbable, J«* jljjJ door az'akl.
Impure, e)b U na pdh ; u^i nejjess.
h),j* door.
Inability, gly U n« tairdnee.
Inaccurate, ^>s^\ind sahheehh.
Inattention, cJu* ghifat.
Inauspicious, ^-i nahss.
Incautious, <*lia.^L <j bee moldhezeh.
Incessant, ^b dayem.
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110 VOCABTJLAEY.
Inch, sj^gereh.
Incident, jlafl itifdk.
Inclination, J~« mayl.
Include, v., &f^\i> ddkhil Jcardan,
Income, J->U htisil ; J».Ij* mucld-
khil.
Incomparable, Js* gjbee missel.
Incomplete, -Uj li n« tarndm.
Incompetent, J? Is l> «a kabil.
Inconsistent, ,jlu mundfi.
Inconstant, -Jj.J ^^ mutalaven el
mezdj.
Inconvenient, o^aj zahhmat-
Incorrect, ^s° \jnd sahlieeh; c^-j>s U
n# drust.
Increase, »il>j ziyddat ; «U1 izdfeh.
Incredible (it is), -i/jjk ^j.»a»i nerai
shaved haver hard.
Incurable, --Uc 5) J# 'ildj.
Indebted, u°jij^ makrooz.
Indecent, lj-ili «a sez«.
Iudef .tigable, ^^^—i- tj bee khastegee.
Independent, Jai—< mustakil.
India, Ja Hind.
Indian-corn, o» zurat.
Indicate, v., Sj~ sj\z,\ ishdret kar-
dan ; yjJy^J nemoodan.
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VOCABULAET. Ill
Indication, ^b.1 ishdreh.
Indifferent (not caring), JsU ghdftl;
(impartial), <-J>Je c > lee taraf.
Indigent, ^di. muftis.
Indignant,^-«x« mutaghayer.
Indigo, JJ neel.
Indulgence, ^^,4* mehrildnee ; d»j\ynavdzish.
Industrious, J^Vkdrkoon; ^Ljsd'ee.
Inebriate, o~-> must.
Inexperienced, s^j-oj!U nd azmoo-
deh.
Infancy, ^J^ibacheh gee.
Infant, ^_ bacheh.
Infantry, j.lkioL piddeh nezdm.
Infatuate, v., ^jTuty) ^ lee vekoof
Icardan.
Inferior, y^Skamter ; y~~j puster.
Infidel,^ kafer ; ^j ^ lee deen ;
Infirm, i-jL«-. za'eef; Ji* 'aleel.
Inform, v., ^^^ khalar dddan.
Inherit, v., ^JjT&j] irss giriftan.
Inheritance, uy,1 irss; <^\^ mee-
rdss.
Inhuman, ***.j ^ lee rah'm.
Injunction, jJIj ta'keed.
Injure, ^jJL^j-i zarar resdndan.
Injury, }Ji zarar.
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112 YOCABULAEY.
Injustice, ^/^Jl j>bee insdfee.
Ink, i_-T,» murakkab.
Inkstand, cjIjj dawdt.
Inlaid, a^* murrassa.
Inn, a3U:U*~o mehmdn khaneh.
Innocent, »^-> bee gondh.
Inquire, o^^ji purseedan ; &&2>kyi
jooyd shudan.
Insane, <u1^o deevdneh.
Insanity, j3\y„* deevdnegee.
Inscription, J2.,& negarish;
khutt.
Insect, ffkirm.
Ml
Insecure, ^1 li nd dmn ; _,Uftl ^>be
i'tibdr.
Insensible, yj'yji bee hoosh.
Insert, v., ^jT J±.ta ddkh.il kardan.
Inside, y too ; j£>\ dndar ; j& dar.
Insincere, Uj-o bee vafa.
Insipid, sj+ ^jbee muzeh.
Insolvent, ^-U* mujiis ; ^b 15 na dar.
Inspect, v., ^-^ <*ka.}L wMldhezeh
kardan.
Instant, -.^ dum; \ an.
Instead, ^y- 'avaz.
Institute v., ^jTjji+ mukarar kar-
dan.
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VOCABULAEY. 113
Instruct, xy&.y] dmookhtan.
Instructor, jb, mo'alem.
Instrument, o3Jl diet.
Insult, ^\j^\ ^ bee ihterdmee.
Insurrection (^yi shoorish.
Intellect, Jac 'alcl ; JHyt hoosh.
Intelligence,bar.
khabar ; jL±\ dkh-
Intemperance, Jljccl ^ bee itiddl.
Intend, v., ^IJ %A\j\ irddeh dash-
tan.
Intention, s*\J\ irddeh.
Intense Jo Jui shadeed.
Intentional, Ijl.1 dmddn.
Intercede, ^^aLJj vdseteh kardan.
Intercourse, *^\j+ murdvedeh.
Interdict, v., ^ *-. man'a kar-dan.
Interest (money), J^i; tanzeel ; s.j>
fure; (in a matter), j>j- <jha-raz.
Interior, ^j deroon.
Interminable, j»\ ^j bee akher.
Internal, ao-ta ddkheleh ; ,^,Jo1
dnderoonee.
Interpret, ^ .
dan.
Interpretation, &+*>J tarjumah ; (of
dreams), ^~jt» ta'abeer.
I
ddkheleh; ^jj*
*.J tarjumah kar-
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114 YOCABULABY
Interpreter, **>/* mutarjam.
Interrogate (to), ^^Tj'j-. sno'dlkar-
dan,- gzj' j\ZJcJ\ istifsdr kardan.
Interval, oj L-* musdfat.
Interview, oli^L middkdt.
Intestine, t^jj roodeh.
Intimacy, j^. ek yek jalietee.
Intimidate, v., ^jiLy tarsdneedan.
Into, j* dar ; ^j fee ; ,$*,& duroon ;
jjj\ dndar.
Intolerable, J-*^ j£- ghair motalia-
mal.
Intoxicated, must.
Intoxication,{j^* mustee.
Intrepid, dl? ^jbee bah.
Intricate, ,^ ^~j peech-ddr.
Intrigue, J!>j{~>sdzish.
Introduce (a person), v. ^J tjj**
mvJarajee kardan ; (a thing), Ji-'.J
^^j> ddkhd kardan.
Intrust, v., ^j^> supurdan.
Invent, v., ^^Aj^.\ ikhterd kardan;
sj>Ij^j paidd kardan.
Inventory, o*-^ fehrist ; <utL--
sidheh.
Investigate, v., ^j^ ^^ tahkeek
kardan ; ^ uos*)
tafahuss kar-
dan.
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VOCABUIAET. 115
Invitation, o^j da'avat.
Invite, v., ^o^ da'avat Tear-
dan.
Inundation, J*-* sayl.
Involuntary, jL^I ^ lee ikMiar.
Iron, ^1 alien.
Irregular, sJclio lee-kdadeh.
Irresolute, J&ixJ ^ beeistilddl.
Irrigate, t\, ^Ijol db-dddan.
Island, s^ja. jazeereh.
Issue, v., iJ~j*[*> sddir Tcardan.
Itch, J^j\s- khdresh.
Item, £>j furd.
Itself, oj» Jchud ; (ji^i. khadesh.
Ivory, ^lc «/
Ivy, islsji peecheJc.
J.
Jackal, Jlii. shaghdl
Jail, gljjj zenddn.
Jar, ttylcoozeh.
Jasmine, ^^o— lj yasmeen.
Jasper, ^ yashm.
Jaundice, ^teg yerkdn •
ydn.
Jaw, isii/<x7c.
Jen lous, ^^^a. hesond.
Jealousy, J-^ Jiassad.
glj-i;; ran?-
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116 VOCABULARY.
Jerusalem, t^-o*J1 o*j bait el mu-
kaddes.
Jest, iJ-jZ,shookhi.
Jester, ^ji shookh.
Jesus Christ, {j~t?- e^aa. hazrat Eesd.Ml
Jet (of water), »,ly favvareh.
Jew, ^>J>«i yahoodi ; tye*. jaliood.
Jewel, ^»_ja. johar.
Jeweller, c£/*_??- johari ; Jjj zerger.
Jockey, jl^-.iskU chabuk sawdr.
Join, v., o>v J- ^* mutassil kardan;Hi
^ala JLaj'l itissdl dddan.
Journal, <u^j_j;roozndmeh.
Journey, y~» safar.
Joy, ^^^ dilkhoshi.
Joyful, ^jli shddee.
Judge, ^U kdzee ; c/j |»^=»^»hakim
i-shur'e (not hakeem ; for which
see Doctor).
Judgment, J^- hukem ; \ys fatvd.
Judicious, Joe i_*a.L» saheb 'aid.
Jug, ijf koozeh.
Juggle, v., ^./'cS;^ ^k hoka bdzee
kardan.
Juggler, jl ik hoka bdz.
Juice, m1 db ; Jjj-*-arak ;
sheereh.
8 /* -*-1
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VOCABTTLAKY. 117
Juicy, j\^\ dbddr.
Jump, v., ±iji pereedan ;
justan.
Jupiter, IJJ&+ musliteree.
Just, J^U 'ddil.
Justice, oJIj* iddlet.
Juvenile, ^y* jawdnee.
K.
Keen,j-J teez.
Keep, v., ^aili ȣ negdh ddshtan.
Keepsake, ^tol ydd-gdr.
Kernel, ja* maghz.
Kettle, yjj£ kitree.
Key, jJflceleed.
Kick, j& laggad.
Kick, v., Aj oO leggad zadan.
Kid, aJlcjj 6uz ghdleh.
Kidney, &X kulbeh.
Kill, c^lT kushtan.
Kiln, sj^lcooreh.
Kind (sort), j^joor; p~3 kissm; ufgooneh; (friendly), Uj+* meh-
riban.
Kindle, v., tr^jyl dfrookhtan ; yjs\
y&f'
dtesh kardan.
Kindness,{J>^.j^> mehribdni.
Kindred, j.ykom ; u&jji kheesh.
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118 YOCABULABY.
King, t\iishdh; sli^b pddishdh.
Kingdom, liXA*-o mamlakat.
Kiss, --L mdch.
Kiss, v., ^3jT—\* mdch Tcardan.
Kitchen, iiUjj <_£! dsh-puz klidneh ;
^-k. matbakh.
lvuei\d,v., {:r±-{~>j~*±kliameer sakhteri.
Knee, ylj zdnoo.
Kneel, v., y\j ^ do zdnoo ; ^^i-iJ we-
sheshtan.
Knife, ^kard; (clasp), $sL., chdkoo;
(pen), fjAjiJs kalam-trdsh.
Knob, a*TS dukmeh.
Knock, v., ^j zadan; ^J^jf koo-
beedan.
Knot, tj gerreh ; (to make a), tjT
cyi~j gerreh bastan.
Know (a thing), v., cJi~iU ddnestan;
(a person), ^zi-Ui shendkhtan.
Knowingly, *x-Jb ddnesteh.
Knowledge, J* Urn.
Knuckle, ^ bund.
b «- sar-i-pdket.
U^'iT kdrkhdneh.
Label, c:
Laboratory) *J
Labourer, al*c amaleh
Lace, ;_jk toor.
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VOCABULARY. 119
Lad, ^'ja. jawan ; <&\j*. jawanek.
Ladder, ^<sj nardvdn.
Ladle, j&Tkaf-geer.
Lady, jU. khanwm.
Lake, ^^ darydcheh.
Lame, ekJ lang.
Lament, yjfo zdree.
Lamp, h\j* chirdgh.
Lance, s^J nayzeh.
Lancet,j~~> neshter.
Land, &.*) zameen.
Landlord (of a house), jjU. l_^.U
sdheb klianeh ; (of land), eU* i_>a.L
sdheb milk.
Lane, i^jfkoocheh.
Language,]
oj zabdn.
Languid, o—> sust.
Lantern, y-jili fdnooss.
Lap, J« baghal.
Large, is);a buzurg.
Lark, ^Ji'V kdkoolee.
Last, ac?j.,^i.| akher.
Last, r., ^^p j,lj^dawdm kardan.
Last, s., t-JU kdleb.
Lastly, s*>y\ J*\ akher el 'amr.
Latch, Jos kujl.
Late)vfo deer.
Lather, s., ^jflcaf.
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120 YOCABTJLABY.
Lattice, eLi shabak.
Laugh, v., (jjojji. khandeedan.
Laugh, s., »J^i- khandeh.
Law (sacred), c/i shar'e; (civil),
i-jjC-
y
urf ; (rule), ay\s kanoon.
Lawful, Ljt
ri shar'ee ; J^ft 'urfee.
Lawsuit, **h\j* morafe'eh.
Lay, v., ^W nehddan.
Lazy, J~J tunbul.
Lead, s., m^- sitrb.
Lead, v., ^^^ kesheedan; ^jburdan.
Leaf (of a tree), c^> burg; (of a
book), j^j varak.
League (bond), J^t WicZ; \>Ju shurt.
League (in Persia, 4 miles), isk-^
farsang ; ±-j» farsakh.
Lean, adj.,J?i Idgher.
Lean, v., ^J~iJJi tekieh kardan.
Leap, v., c>=~*- justan.
Leap, s., jJ* kheez.
Learn, ^jT z\>_ ydd geriftan ; J-ass
^J'tahseel kardan.
Learned, adj., lib ddnd ; Je- t--o.L»
sdheb 'ilm.
Learning, Jc 'ilm.
Lease, *,U.l ijdreh.
Leather, *^. churm; ~L«j teemdj ;
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Y0CABT7LABY. 121
(untanned, or chamois),^**, jeer ;
(Russia), ;lalo hulghar.
Leave, s., ijWI ijdzeh;(j**-j+
mura-
khassee; &J\ izn.
Leave, v., ^\jf guzdshtan ; (to
give), fji\<i ^il izn dddan ; <jx»j+
yjfmuralchas kardan; (to obtain),
^y ^il izn giriftan; ^f jjU!
ijazeh giriftan ; ^jf\^j* mura-
Ichassee giriftan.
Leaven, jjU mdyeh.
Leavings, jjJL ,jL bdki mdndeh.
Led (horse), e)Jo «-—.1 asp-i-yedek.
Ledger, /» ^ daftar.
Leech, ^113 zdloo.
Left, *--». chup.
Leg, b pa ; b jL sdk-i-pd.
Legacy, ew^j vesdyet.
-^ega^ t/tr*shar'ee.
Legend, cj^ hekdyat.
Legerdemain, u«jl? <»&». 7iofra hazee.
Legible, \^y* kh'dnd.
Legion, tjj^gerooh.
Leisure, io-^» fursat; o^ /era-
Lemon, y*^ leymoo.
Lend, v., ^ta u*/ Ararz dadun.
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122 TOCABULAHY.
Length ^j^ dardzee ; J J» tool.
Lenient, *jiL moldyem.
Lenity, c^i^-* moldyemat.
Lent(Christian ),j-j^j pa r/ieez ; (Mo-
hammedan), &"*+j ramazdn.
Lentil (vegetable), u*-^ 'adass.
Leo (zodiac), x~* 'asad.
Leopard, gJjL palang.
Leper, ^>}j^> mabrooss.
Leprosy, <j>j>buruss.
Less, j^S~ kamtar ; (more or less),
(jt-oU S'liam ya beesh.
Lessee, jta ij\*.\ ijdreh dar ; jcJ^~~e
mosta'jar.
Lessen, v., ^jS^Tcam kardan.
Lesson, (_>-,>> dv/rss.
Last taU* mabddd.
Let (hire), ^ta s.iL.1 ijdreh dddan ;
(permit), j^JS" guzashtan ; ^il
j^b izn dadan ; a^f. <J**j* mu-
rakhass kardan.
Letter (of alphabet), i-»/s» 7iwr/
(pi. ^jt^hroof) ; (epistle), ii^A-a-
ghaz ; xAy nevishteh; (from in-
ferior to superior, lit., a petition);
i-eijS-areezeh (superior to in-
ferior), ^j rukum ; (of recommen-
dation), A*Li,lft~j safdresh-ndmeh.
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YOCABUIABY. 123
saf; }a~+
Lettuce, y*^ Jcahoo.
Levee, -iL. saldm.
Level, j\j+* liamvar ; tiUmosattahh.
Levity, ^C- sabukee.
L ;
ar, y^jj* drooghgoo.
Liberal, ^s?* sakhi ; (in ideas),
JLa. tx~>y tose' Jihial.
Liberty, ^j^j\ dzddee.
Library, u\isi\^S"ioitab Jchaneh.
Licence, sj\a.\ ijdzeh ; j\#- jawdz.
Lick, v., ^jJss—J leesseedan.
Licorice, u"f> ±>; rube1
sooss.
Lid (of a vessel), <J>y,j~> sarpoosh ;
(of tbe eye), .&£». »*,> pardeh-i-
chesm.
Lies, ijjj> droogh.
Lie, v., jxS' £)j3 droogh guftan ; (to
give tbe lie), ^^ v-i^' takzeeb
harden; (to recline), ^Ju-lTj^ di-
raz Jcasheedan.
Lieutenant, «_-o U naib.
Life,^*c 'omr ; ^Mj zendagee.
Lifeless, ^^ beejdn.
Ligament, ^j pey.
Ligbt, s.j J&jjj roshani ; <j^3j rosh-
nd'ee.
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124 VOCABTJLABY.
Light, v., y&f'
£r>3j roshan Tcardan ;
^fj^i\ atesh Icardan ; (to bring
to ligbt), ^jj»&> zdhar Icardan.
Light (not heavy), adj., eL- sabuk.
Lighten v., sf<&~» sabuk Tcardan.
Lighten (flash), ^JuJLi^ darakh-
sheedan.
Lightminded, i-aJ&. khafeef.
Lightning, J/, burk.
Like, jjU mdnend ; Ji« misl ; a-~i>
shabeeh.
Like, v., iyxita ks^»^ doosi dashtan.
Likelihood, JUii.1 ihtimdl.
Likeness, j*~£J tashbeeh.
Limb, yat uzv (pi. Ufil a'za).
Lime, d*1 ahek.
Limit, Jj*. hud.
Limpid, <—»L» sdf.
Line, W±. Ichut.
Line (clothes), v., o^j 9 J^kardan.
Linen, J'dfketdn.
Linger, v., ^\s J_jL tool dddan.
Lining,^-. I aster.
Link,^»aij Asia, hallceh zanjeer.
Linseed, ejyjbazrdk.
Lintel, jtf sardar.
Lion,^-i sheer.
aster
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YOCABULAEY. 125
Lip, cJ lub.
Liquidate (debts), v., ^ U\ addkardan.
List, o~j4? fihrist i a*L- siydheh.
Listen, v., ^^U ^jTgoosh dddan.
Listless, o—. sust.
Litigant, ^^ muda'ee.
Litter, ois takht.
Little, e) Jol andak ; S^ ham ; Jis
kaleel ; isi^^koochek.
Live, v., ^Jwi »J3j zendeh shudan.
Livelihood, \}jfguzeran.
Lively, o—» chust.
Liver,^ jigger.
Living, iJJ} zendeh.
Lizard, is*ji buz-mejeh.
Load, s.,j\).bur.
Load, v., &z>fj\ bar kardan; ^j/J**.
Tiam'l kardan.
Loaded, tsf }\i bar kardeh; (of a
gun), f^ji pur kardeh.
Loaf, -XS'komaj ; ^ojkurss.
Loan, j>/ kurz.
Lobby, ^jj^kerijdss ; ^ yjJTkafsh
kan.
Lock, s., Ji» kufl.
Lock, v, ti^Ja* kufl kardan.
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126 YOCABULAEY.
Locust, J-o malakh.
Lodge, v., o^J;-^ munzel Teardan ;
j^U Jj^< munzel ddshtan.
Lodging, Jj^ munzel.
Lone, \#3 tanlia.
Long, j\ji derdz.
Look, s., »& negah.
Look, v., ^_f s& negah kardan ;
^Jo-s deedan.
Loosen, ?'., ^-i/ J-i> shul hardan;
goshdd kardan.
Lop (trees), v., ^J^y terasheedan.
Loquacious, i-Jl^a. harrdf.
Lord, dyi buzurg (pi. d^ buzur-
gdn) ; jgf\ ameer (pi. c-^1 ome)#
a').
Lose, v., $j £~gum kardan.
Lot (chance), l-...,^ 3 naseeb.
Lots (to cast), r., ^ja^i kure'a
zadan.
Loud, jJo buland.
Love, j^ ishk.
Loved, ijj-la- ma'ashook.
Lover, ,j^lc 'dshik.
Louse, u-?-1 shepesh.
Low, ac7j. o~j pits*.
Lower, a?., ^^jj/ /roo kardan; ^3^zfpa-yeen kardan.
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VOCABTTLAKY. 127
Loyal f>?)ac mutee' ; j^^j rafaddr,
Luck, o£ bukht, L-.-.-aJ nasseeb.
Lucrative, j?ju mufeed.
Ludicrous, >x± khande'ee.
Lukewarm, *};*?* sheer garm.
Lull, ,j-iy A I dram kardan.
Luscious, Jo.JJ lazeez.
Lust, oj^ii shahvat.
Lustre, ^J^jj roshndee.
Lusty, c^-j;^ J> tan drust.
Lynx, dJjj^j yuz palang.
M.
Mace, J^j topuz ; jL* cliomak.
Machine, o^l aZ^i ; .til* raan^en-e/i.
Mad, i3^.^ deevdneh.
Madder, s., u*^3j ronass.
Made, aoi-L sakhteh.
Magazine, \j& makhzan; j\j\ am-
bar.
Maggot, *f~lirm,
Magnificience, o^j-i. shoket ; J^U.
jelal.
Magpie, jM cXTkeldgh ablak.
Maid,^^ dokhtar.
Majestic, <ul»ll shalidneh.Ml
Mail (armour), «jj zerreli.
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128 VOCABULARY.
Maintain (to assert), v., asf <-kf*
ta'areef kardan ; (support), ^b»^5
sf negdhdari kardan.
Make, v., ^\-> sdkhtan.
Make, s., aUsi-L, sdkhtemdn ; i-~&tarkeeb.
Malady, J>j* murraz.
Male,y3 nur.
Mallow (plant), ^"U- khdtemi.
Man, p^l ddam; *j* murd.
Manage, v., zfj~>S> tadbeer kar-
dan.
Manager.^^ dabeer;^^ mobdsher;
jKi-j peeshkdr.
Mane J'j ydl.
Manful, aSl^y. murdaneli.
Manger, ^±.1 dkhoor.
Mango, sJ\ anbeh.
Manhood, oJj^ rejooliyet.
Manifest, J&\ ashkdr ;^>\j
vdzehh.
Manifest, v., *f \^ nemaydnhardan.
Manifestation, j^> zelioor.
Mankind, ^\ J-ibeni ddam.
Manner, ^> turhh ; £-ij vuz'aij^
joor ; jjb turz.
Manufacture, c^*i-> sana'at.
Manumission, ^\j\ azddee.
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TOCABTJLAET. 129I
Manuscript, ki£~M dust Jchutt.
Many,j\~~!lisijdr; \3\j feraviin.
Map, Julaj nuksheh.
Marble, j*j+ murmur.
Mare, ^le^U madidn.
Margin, <j~iU hdshieh.
Marigold, j\# *L~+a> hameesheh be-
hdr.
Marjoram, ^ pooneh.
Mark, \lj nishun; l_^}U ildmat.
Market, j IjU bazar.
Marriage, ^jj* 'aroosee.
Marrow, y^ mughz.
Marry, v., ^p^TjU iyal giriftan;
(for a man), ^ &j zun burcL
(for a woman), *fj*^ sho
kardan.
Mars (planet), ^ mereekh.
Marsh, ol^ murdab ; _,Uj noysar.
Marvel, s., e^s* 'ajab.
Marvel, v., aif c_Jk ta'ajub har-
dan.Ml
Masculine, fx, muzakker.
Mason, *la bannd ; (stone-), ^ly 12L-
sang trash.
Massacre, J^s fruf I.
Mast, JJuj baydak.
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130 VOCABULARY.
Master (lord or chief), tsl agha; (of
•a trade), alx-»l ustdd ; (teacher),
^su moallem.
Mat,^,~~^ hasseer.
Match (for a light), sz+ijS' kibreet ;
(pair), cj» juft.
Material, s., i»,b pdrcheh.
Maternal, ^^U mdderee.
Mathematical, ^Aia hendissee.
Matter, «^>U mddeh.
Mattress, d£«.i ddsliek.
Mature, ^J*-, raseedan.
Mausoleum, jlj-mazdr.
Meadow, ^-^ chaman.
Mean, jifi^.hakeer ; (despicable), JJ3
zaleel.
Mean, ajLo miydneh; (middle), \j~«
meyzdn.
Mean, v., ^Ij Jao ma'ani ddshtan.
Meaning, <j** wta'emi.
Means (revenue), JU rndl ; J^adukhl.
>
Measles, el>^ swrkhek.
Measure, til*^ peymdneh .; u*\J ki-
ydss ; »j\Jol anddzeh.
Measure, v.j ^^T^U-j peymdn kar-
dan ; gijS" u-l^ kiydss kardan ;
^jS^sjljol anddzeh giriftan.
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TOCABULAEY. 131
Meat, iz^^gooskt.
Meddle, v., ^f &>\ J* muddkhelehkardan.
Mediate, v., ^^S^aL-Ij vdseteh kar-
dan.
Mediation, h~>y tavasut.
Medical, <JJ»tib-bee ; e^U» tebdbat.
Medicine, \j<>dawa.
Meditate, v., ^3*?* sanjeedan; sffi
filer kardan.
Medlar, Jijl azgeel.
Meek, v.^U moldyem ; »jil«*maz-
loom.
Meet, v., ^jTcjlsiL moldkdt kardan.
Meeting, u-1** mujliss; oliiL mold'
kdt.
Melancholy, ekJ.s diltang ; jS2* dil-
geer.
Mellow, sJ---, raseedeh.
Melodious, ljw»<,J>y»
khosh sedd.
Melon (yellow), *jy.j±kharboozeh
(water-), ajIj-xl* hindoodneh.
Melt, v., &xz* vl db shudan.
Memorandum, c^ta ^, ydd dasht.
Memory, .sU ydd; akiU. hdfizeh.
Men, (jt.^* mardumdn.
Mend, v., zfjt*£ ta' ameer kardan.
Mendicant, \£ gedd.
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132 VOCABULARY.
Mention, jJl zikr.
Merchandise, c^Us cjL-iI asbab
tajareh.
Merchant,^U tdjer ; f\$y> soddger.
Mercifal, -e»y raheem.
Mercury (planet), ^Ikc itarud.
Mercy, ^-jrahm.
Mere, c.^-. sirf; ,>** mate.
Merit, ^^j-* sezdvari.
Meritorious, j lj]^ sezdvar ; &"$ la-
yek.
Message, »U*j payghdm.
Messenger, t^^Jfcristadeh; (horse),
jlU. chapdr ; (foot), J->U kdsid.
Metal, *JJ» filiz.
Metaphor, <uUS~ kendyeh.
Meteor, vW- shehdb.
Method, ~)o turhli.
Metropolis, o^ n>\jpdyeK takht.
Midday,^ zuh'r.
Middle, I»~»j vussat ; ^L* miydn.
Midnight, t_~i < a-<a3 nisf-i-shub.
Midway, t\j *a*.J neemelx-rah.
Midwife, LU> mama.
Might, oy koovai.
Mild, *j^L moldyem.
Military, ^^i nizdmev.
MilJ !r
, >f-i sheer.
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VOCABULARY. 133
Mill, L-1 asya.
Miller, ^b L-l asya ban.
Mill-stone, Lt.| eL* sang -i-asya.ml
Mimic, jJji* moTcallid.
Mince (cut small), v., ^ *+J kay-
meh kardan.
Mind, JSc 'akl.
Mine, s., ^j*. ma'adan.
Mine, v., ^.^TL-aJ nuhb kardan.
Minister,^ijj vazeer ; (Prime Mini-
ster), Jafi] jj^> sadr aazami.
Minor, j^> sagheer.
Mint (plant), cLo na'ana ; (place
for coining money), *L i_>|> =ara6
khaneh.
Mint, v., ^o; a£L sikkeh zadan.
Minute, <wJj dakeekeh.
Miracle, «js*<> mo'jezeh.
Mirror, <ml dyeneh.
Mirth, ^^.s dilkhoslti.
Miser, j-ds bakheel.
Miserable, JJi zaleel.
Misfortune, j^.^ bad-bukhti.
Miss (a mark), ^^T Iki. khetu kar.
dan.
Mist, a* meh.
Mistake, s., Li. khubt ; ^-» sah'c.
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134 YOCABTTLAET.
Mistake, ^j£=> Li. khvbt kardan;
3j^j4~> saWv kardan.
Misunderstand, s~+& t_J^U. kheldf
fo.hmeedan.
Mitigate, ^.ita <-AJ& takhfeef dddan.
Mix, v., c^fij\3 kdti kardan ; \>^s?
qsJ> makhloot kardon.
Moan, v., ^Jtj ndleedan.
Moat, jJwii. kliunduk.
Mob, (.'^-ijlizdeluim ; Ic^c ghoghd.
Mock, v., ^J'ijsr* maskhareh kar-
dan.
Model, stsj nv.ksheh.
Moderate, Jj^a* mo'tadil.
Modern, »jIj tdzeh ; y no ; Oe^a.
jadeed.
Modest, tffAjZ, sharm-geen ; La.1 bd
hyd.
Moist, adj., J num.
Moisten, ^^b J num dadan.
Molest, v., C) ±J~ ij^su ta'dee' kardan.
Moment, ^1 an.
Monarch, sli.iL padishdh.
Monday, i~£>^ do-shambeh.
Money, J^j pool; sUi^ tankha.
Monkey, ici)y_ boozeeneh; &y+#> may-moon.
Month, »U mdh.
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VOCABULARY. 135
Monument, jfob yadgar.
Moon, sL mdh; i_>Us>L mahtdb ;
(new), J^ helldl; (full), j Jo badr.
More, »^Ijj ziyddeh; yi-j beesh; ^i-obeeshter.
Moreover, ^j s^^U aldveh ber-een.
Morning, ^> sub'h.
Morrow (to,), \sj> farda.
Morsel, *+& lukmeh.
Mortal (a), l~Jl insan ; (deadly),
t ju^T" kusJiendeh.
Mortar (for pounding), ^U havan ;
(cannon), j^L^- khumpdreh ; jJ
kopuz.
Mosque, J^*** miusjid.
Moss, Jy* mZrkk (pr. mZrgh).
Most,^51 dksar.
Moth, aj'j^j parvaneh; */r l-~^ s7<(tb-
/?erre7i.
Molten, j^U mdder ; »^lj valedeh.
Motion, Lr^a. harakat.
Motion (to set in), ,^ta lt^/».hara-
kat dddan.
Motive, L_~~i subub ; tl^l bd'isr.
Mould, cJU kdlib.
Mouldy, d/" kerek ; (to become),
^jj dj^kerek zadan.
Mound, «y tuppeh; J> tut.
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136 VOCABTJLABY.
Mountain, s^kooh,
Mourn, v.,^j^. t^-j-Jl afsooss khur-
dan ; &±f \sfo zdri kardan.
Mourning, {jj\^j* 'azaddri.
Mouse, yij* moosh.
Mouth, ^<i dahan.
Mow (to), v., i>f jj& dero kard.an.
Much,jL~J bisyar ; ^^-U.khaili.
Mud, ^fgil ; jiU»l> bc'ctldk.
Muddy, ;b' Mr.
Mulberry (white), oy toot; (black),
ojJ jli s7iaft. toot.
Mule,^ls 7iatw*.
Mundane, ^yi^ dunydvee.
Munificence, o$U"» sekhdvat.
Murder, s., JxS katl •
c^iS^ kushtan.
Murder, i\, ij^kus'htan.
Murmur, 5., & gilleh.
Murmur, v., ^j »J^J lundeh zadan.
Muscle, aLaff azaleh.
Mushroom, —j\S kdrch.
Music (vocal), jljl <n'«z; (instru-
mental), jl~» s«z.
Musician (vocal), jJJlji. klidnendeh;
(instrumental), jJjjL sazendeh ;
t-^k* mutrib.
Musk, eli- mislik.
Musket, eliS tufeng.
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VOCABULARY. 137
Musketeer, ^isUaj tufeng -chee.
Muslin, JJL malmal.
Mussulman, ^U—» musulmdn.
Mustachio, J~-» sabeel.
Mustard, J-^p. Tchardal.
Musty, ^jfljtu mutaafan.
Mutineer, ^l ydghee.
Mutiny, s., &\~J fesad.
Mutiny, v., ^Jti (y-\jydghees?iudan.
Mutter, -v., ^JjJ^J landeedan.
Mutton, jjJ^jT c^jf goosht-i-goos-
fond.
Mutual, tfs^k tarafayn.
Muzzle, j^jsjjj poozehband.
Myrtle, i)y> moord.
Mysterious, ^Jis* makhfi.
Mystery, j^,rdz.
N.
Nail (finger), ^'o nakhun ; (peg)
jtf-o meekh ; (claw), do>. chung.
Naked, s^tj berehneh ; &•>_/ 'arydn.
Name, s., *\i nam ; ^1 ism.
Name, v., ^J^k ntfmeecfom.
Namely, ^^o yaani.
Nap (of cloth), idfkurlc.
Nap, s., c^». churt.
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138 VOCABULARY.
Nap (to take a), v., ^aj o^. churt
zadan.
Napkin, JLjj, roomal.
Narcissus, ^jSji nergess.
Narration, oi^- hekayat.
Narrow, eUi' tung.
Nation, v^lo mil-lut.
Native, ,Ju»laslee.
Nativity, &j>y mowlood.
Natural, j^ tubeo'ee ; J>lizatee.
Nature, o»*-l> tabee'at ; oli z«i.
Naval, i^fS*.bahree.
Near, ck.jp nazdeek.
Neat, j-J tameez.
Necessaries, ^Ujlj) lowazemat.
Necessary, »p lazim.
Neck, aJ, rakdbeh ; zfgardayi.
Necklace, J^j ^jTgardan-bund.
Nectarine, Jii shaleel.
Need, s., o<?-U. hajat; ^_W^ ihtidj.
Need, v.,^U *-W^ ihtidj dashtan ;
^ji -.U-s* mohtaj shudan.
Needle, ^jj- soozan.
Needless, pjVlina lazem.
Needy, -A=s* mohtaj.
Neglect, v., zf<z^s£. gihjlat kardan.
Negligent, Ji^ gliafil.
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YOCABTIIAEY. 139
Negociate, v., i^ ^^ moameleh
Tcardan.
Negociation, aLU* moameleh.
Neighbour, .uL^ humsdyeh.
Neighbourhood, ^fi^-** hamsdyeh-
gee.
Neither, ^1*5 ^JaS ne-een ne-an.
Nephew, i^j } ^ji brdder zddeh ;
s^\jjst\j^Jch'dher zddeh.
Nerve, (—~at assab.
Nest, <uV laneh ; *^\ ashyaneh.
Net, }£> toor ; ^ dam.
Nettle, vj^gezeneh.
Never, Jy» Imrgez ; oSj ^* heech
voikt.
Neutral, <-»}> ^ bee tarof.
New, y no ; »j^' tdzeh; J4*i» jadeed.
News, j± hhabar ; (good), *^>
muzhdeh.
Next (adjoining), J-»^ mutassil ;
a^,^ payvasteh; (following), »Xi\
ayende/i.
Nib, eli wiZA-.
Niece. See Nephew.
Night, e~i shub.
Nightgown, s~i ^^ pcrdhani-
shub.
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140
Nightingale, ^ bulbul.
Nimble, elU. chahuk.
Nipple, ^^-j pistdn.
Nitre, a^i slworeh
Nobility, ^j> buzurgee; j^ji bu-
zurgawar ; ^V nejabat.
Noble, c-~si nejeeb ; v£jj* buzurg.
Oj-e
VOCABULABY.
Nobleman,^*-! ameer.
Nobody, u-^ft" heechkass.
Noise, 1Xo sedu ; j\j\ avdz ;
sot ; eJolj bong.
Noisome, j** muzirr.
Nominal, ^y furzee ; ,JW- khialee
None, ^a heech.
Nonsense, ^J*j^-j bee hoodegee; ^>^>bee ma'ani.
Noose, yX^kamand.
North, JUi sliemal.
Nose, sU^ demagTi; <j~obeenee.
Nosegay, JS* <u->.s dusteh gul.
Not, U -na; &> neh.
Note, Jj rakkam.
Nothing, -£* heech.
Notice, ^"M i'ldn.
Notion, JU. fcTiiaZ.
Noun,j,-.!
ism.
Nourish, t\, ^Joj^j parvareedan.' Now, ^5)1 aZ-aw ; ¥L 7iaZa.
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VOCABULARY. Ill
Nowhere, U.**^>j* der lieech jd.
Number, ^Js. adad.
Nurse, jjU ddyeh.
Nut (hazel or filbert), jJ^i funduk ;
(wall-), )*f girdoo ; (pistachio),
x^jpisteh; (cocoa), J*?-^ narjeel.
Nutmeg, J^lj^- juz-el hind.
Nutriment, \J* ghezd.
O.
O ! ij\ at.
Oak, ojli baloot.
Oar, j;b paroo.
Oath, *~J kassam.
U-i sa-
Obdurate, Jj o^** safefcf diZ
Obedience, o-cU»l ita'nt.
Obedient, *Ja* muted.
Obeisance, *&*> ta'azeem; ^
lam.
Obey, v., ^i/'c^W itaat kardan
Object, s., ^yiA* maksood.
Object, v., ^fi\j\ irad giriftan._. I
cy~* wamnoonOblige, v.,
sdkhtan,
Oblique, Uo,j\ ureef.
Obliterate, v., &±ff~>naskh kardan;
&i>f^>, puk kardan.
Oblivion, J^y^J fardmooshee.
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142 VOCABTJLAEY.
Obscene, isJIjIs na-pdk.
Obscure, ^^ tdreek.
Observe (to look), a*f s£ nigah
kardan ; (to keep), ^^ s& nigdh
dashtan.
Obstacle, >uL mane*.
ObstiDate,^-^. khudsar.
Obstruct, v., ^^TojuU- memana'at
kardan.
Obstruction, o*iL* memana'at.
Obtain, ^Ij ydftan; ^^TJ^U 7iaseZ
kardan*
Obviate, o*f£*j raft kardan.
Obvious,j&\ dshkdr.
Occasion, \z~»f fursut ; Js* mahal.
Occasional, J>\&\ itifaki.
Occupant, «—»yz* mutesarif.
Occupation, Jii shfighil; Jfkar.
Occur, v., *xZ> *s\j vdlceh shudan.
Occurrence, ir^iiS^i sar-guzasht.
Ocean, L^ ^, bahr moheet.
Odd (not even), *? furd; (strange),
i_^e gliareeb.
Odour, _^ boo.
Off, or far off, J**j ba'eed ; ^ door.
Offence,^~aa-> takseer.
Offend, v., ^-XJlsij ranjdneedan.
(Offender, ^roiu mukasser.
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YOCABULABY. 1-13
Offer, v., ^fuJd tahleef kardan.
Office (post), c_~^ munsub ; (chan-
eery), jjU^j daftar khdneh.
Officer, >_^ ; o l-o-U sahib munsub.
Offspring, £>jj> farzand.
Oh ! J\j vai.
Oil, c^JJ roghan.
Oilman, J>3j ^jj roghan feroosh.
Old (aged) ,^> peer; (ancient), pMlcadeem; (not new), ^fkuh-neh.
Oleander, i^s. khar-zahreh.
Olfactory, jl-iybooddr.
Olive, ^yaj zaytoon.
Omelette, £fkookoo.
Omen,^! dkhter ; JU /aZ.
Omnipotence, o,JJ kudrat.
On, ji bar; Vl» b«Z«; Jy /o&; ^aZa.
Once, a«9jJo yek-dafa'a; h>j*£>. yek-
murtaba ; j^i yek-bdr.
Oneself, 3j» fe/tud.
Onion, jl*j piydz.
Only, V3'
tanhd.
Onward, u~-j peesh.
Onyx, (JU-L. dL- sang i suleimani.
Open, «., &/$*. *>az kardan ; oif^3
vd kardan.
Open, j l» b«z ; jb vaz.
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144 VOCABTTLAEY.
Openly, *J&,\ dshkdreh.
Opinion, sJ^ac akeedeh ; ^$]jraee.
Opium, 12) Ia/ tar yak.
Opponent, <-hj*- hareef.
Opportunity, o-^i fursat; o-sj
vakt.
Oppose, v., sfxz> zid kardan.
Opposite (in position), ^.oj, roo-
be-roo ; J>li-« mukabil ; (adverse),
ijSs- aks.
Opposition, oilli" mukhdlifat.
Oppress, v., ±j> Jk> zulm kardan;
^^T^jjy ta'adi kardan.
Oppressed, *j&>* mazloom.
Oppression, jJJjzulm.
Oppressor, J'J» zalim.
Or, \> yd.
Orange, JUj^ portughdl ; (mandarin),
,j£>j^ ndrengee ; (Seville), J>J^
ndrenj.
Orator, ,jLl3 ndtik.
Orchard, cli bdgh.
Order (command), tJ-i^J farmdyesh ;
»&* hukm ; (disposition), ^~jytarteeb ; J*> nuzm.
Order (command), v., ^y>/ far-
moodan ; ^ata S*. hukm, dddan ;
(arrange), ^ata t-~-VJ
'
tarteeb dd-
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VOCABULARY. 115
dan ; ab Ji3 nuzm dadan ; ^>gAjfmunazam kardan.
Ordinarily, L^c imoomdn.
Oriental, ,_//-•mushraki.
Origin, J*>l «sL
Original, ^Julasli.
Ornament, jyj zeever.
Orphan, *~> yateem.
Ostensible,jt^ zdhir.
Ostrich, pj+j£> shutur murgh.
Other, J&z deeger ; y_L sdyer ; j£
ghair.
Oven5Jyj tanoor.
Over, ¥1? bald.
Overhead,^-. ^VU bald-isar.
Overhear (to tell tales), v., &* a*"
&fsukhan cheen kardan.
Overlook (a house), r., ^ >_*/-.
muslirif boodan.
Oversee, v., ^f'c^iU mubdsherat
kardan.
Overseer,^U nmbdsher.
Oversight, ^4- sa fi v.
Ought, Jo.Ij bayed.
Our, U ma.
Out, or Outside, ^ beroon.
Outrage, j^^j zubberdusti. .
Owe, v., ,^-ta J>j* kurz dashtan.
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146 TOCABULAEY.
Owl, *y. boom; <ix* chughd.
Own, ^=* khud.
Own, v., o*f jj>\ ihrar kardan ;
^jT^]^] i'tirafkardan.
Owner, t_~=*L> sahib ; dJL malik.
Ox, j^ gdv.
Oyster, i_iJ-» sadaf.
P.
Pace, *J£ hadam.
Pacify, dJLa* musaliheh.
Pack, v., c^~j bustan.
Packing-needle, jja y}\j*. javal dooz.
Padlock, J» fcii/i.
Pagan, o-«^ e>? bwt jparoM.
Page (of a book), js?-* safha ; (at-
tendant), c^-J^ J~j (.^c gholam
peesh-khidmet.
Pageant, l-Ui' tamtisha.
Paid, »J^> Ul ad# shudefi.
Pain, j, j cZitrcZ.
Paint, s., dJ, rangr.
Paint, v., a&j v&>j rang zadan ; {Ji3j
^f nuksh Icardan.
Pair, ofl?. juft.
Palace, s^^ dargah ; c^Uc imdrat.
Palanquin, a\^jo>=? takliterawan.
Palatable, ^W-* muzzehdur.
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VOCABULARY. 147
Palate, ^^ <-JH-j sukf-i-dahan.
Palm (tree), Up. kliorma; (of hand),
o—i t_sT kuf-i-dust.
Palsey, &Z*j ra'asheh.
Paltry, iz~~^ pust.
Pant, v., ^J^-k tapeedan.
Pantaloons,j IjLa shalwar.
Panther, eLb palang.
Pantry, <uU. io^ sliarbat klidneh.
Paper, J*1T kdghaz ; (news), t*\jjjj
Paradise, cJl« behesM.
Parallel, ^L-*, musdvi.
Paralysis, J& faleej.
Paramour, jJ, rafeek.
Parcel, as-j busteh ; ^ bukcheh.
Parchment, y»\ u--^ poost-i-ahoo.
Pardon, yi-li? bakhshesh ; ^_j'-«-.
ma'a/.
Pardon, cJ -i/' «—*\** ma'af kardan j
^jJLic baklisheedan.
Pare, v., ^J^i.1/ tarasheedan.
Parent, JJlj vfiled.
Parole, Jy kol.
Parrot, ^>£> tootee.
Parrot-like, jj^lj ^^ tootee vfiree.
Parsimony, J* bukhl.
Parsley, l£^«* ja'aferi.
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148 VOCABTTLAEY.
rtrfTfcPart, Sj'j pdreh ; a£j> tikkeh ;
hisseh.
Particular,, ^ya*? makhsoos ; u^li.
khass.
Pai'ticularly, U^ai. khesoosan ; leyasfi
makhsoosan.
Partner, d^ snareek.
Partridge (red-legged), eLS" kubk ;
(royal), ^^ dX fca&fc derree ;
(stone), j^i teehoo.
Pass (mountain), uijTgardaneh.
Pass, «., ^^^guzaslitan.
Passage (river or mountain), ^ju>
ma'abar; (in a house), jyl, rah-ro.
Passenger,yl~* musdfer.
Passport, s/jJ tezkereh.
Past, x^jfguzashteh.
Paste, ^-»i khameer.
Pasture (ground), Vj* marta'.
Pasture, v., cj^W cherdneedan.
Patch, iL»j vasleh.
Paternal, ^Jo pedderee.
Patience,^ sa&r,- <jL>ja.hoseleh.
Patriot, o-j^ ^j vatan doost.
Patron, <jy*murubi.
Pattern, <s3^»5nemooneh.
Pave, v., ^.Tyi^ tsk-i sangr /arsft.
fcardcm.
Pavement, yj>j>d^~. sang farsh.
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VOCABULARY. 1 l«J
Pavilion, ,Xi/ t^kolah ifrengi.
Paw, L pa ; *& penjeh.
Pawn, v., ^SfjJ'gero guzashtan.
Pawn. See Chess.
Pay, t-«a.lj-<> mowajib.
Pay, v., zf\i>\ add Icardan ; ^U Ul
add dadan.
Pea (green), ^j* ty£ nakhood fren-
gi ; (chick), ^syd nakhodcheh.
Peace, Xo sulhh.
Peacock, i^-jU» taoos.
Peach, jl^*. hooloo.
Peak, ts kelleh.
Pear, ^^Wgulabi.
Pearl, Jo^ljj-omv.rwareed.
Peasant, ojU, ra'ayat.
Peculiar, ^U. khdss.
Pedigree, J~i nasi.
Pedlar, u-jy '^.J* khurdeh froosh.
Peel, o-^ poost.
Peg, j^-omeekh.
Pen, Js kalam.
Pencil, ^IJld Js kalam medad ; &\»
medad.
Penetration, ^y^ teezhooshi.
Penitence, o-1jj nedamat.
Penknife, \J^J^ kalamtrdsh.
Penman, y-jy Jij> klwsh nevees.
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150 VOCABULAKY.
u)
Pension, asJjj vazeefeh ; ^j+z~* mus-
tamurree.
Pensioner, jy» iLkj vazeefeh khor.
Pensive, Jdsu mutafdkvr.
Penury, _ Ua.1 ihtiaj.
People, jU. khalk ; Jjis* maklilook.
People, v., ysj> M abdd Tcardan.
Pepper, JaU filfil.
Perceive, v., ^JA o^l« multafat shu-
dan.
Peremptory, ^Lls kati'.
Perfect, *Uj' tamdm.
Perfidy, o3L±. khiyanat.
Perfume,^k* 'at**.
Perfume, v., asfjvu mu'attar Icav
dan.
Perhaps, Juli shayed.
Peril, Jai. khattar.
Permanent, Jta dayem.
Permission, sjL>l ijdzeh ; ^il izn.
Perquisite, Ji.lj*> muddkhil.
Persia, ^1^1 ir^im.
Person, ^^r1 shukhss.
Personally, Lwr- shukhssan.
Perspicuity, Jajj^ teeznazar.
Perspiration, j^ 'ara&.
Persuade, «., ^if ^j ra"
z^ kardan.
Pestilence, ^Ik tdoon.
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VOCABULAEY. 151
Pestle, ^j^* *^>* dasteh havan.
Petition, a^p 'o/reezeh.
Pheasant, Jjl5/ karkaool.
Phlegm, Jij balgha-m.
Phrase, J^>\ istilahh; <z>jlz ibarat.
Pick, «., ^^ cheedan.
Pick (tooth), J^U. feTieZil.
Pickaxe, xXlcoland.
Pickle, J^J turslii.
Picture, a££5 naksheh ; &jy> soorat.
Piebald, jl»l aftkfc.
Piece, JjIj pdreh ;& tikkeh.
Piety, is*>l»i diyanat.
Pig, d^i. khook.
Pigeon, /$i" kabootar ; (vulg. >af
Tcaftar) .
Pike, sj-j nayzeh.
Piles (disease),^-V boraseer.
Pilgrim, jljjzowdr ; (to Mecca), ^L*
Pilgrimage, o/jj ziarat.
Pill, »--» 7iub.
Pillage, o,lc ghdrai.
Pillar, j=~>setoo?i.
Pillow, £u mutaka.
Pin, dj^- soozan.>
Pincers,^1 anbur.
Pinch, ^fj^> nishkun giriftan.
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152 VOCABULARY.
Pious, t^>JJu muTcudas.
Pipp» Jt^ chebuoh.
Piquan t, jb^o muzz ehdar ;
muzzeli.
Pistachio, <i^~j pisteli.
Pistol, as: Li' tabanclieh.
Pitch, eJj zift ; Jt? keer.
Pitch (with pitch), v., ^J^Umaleedan ; ^JJ'-* j£ keer
dan ; (a tent), &j ji>\.
zadan.
Pitcher, tj^koozeli.
Pitiless, *3"j<3 bee rah'm.
Pith, ji* mughz.
ij-c
l» &a
maZee-
chadur
Pity, *&•; ration.
Place, U- j« ; J&* makan.
Plague, ^U> ta'oon.
Plain, s., \j£° sahra.
Plain, adj.,j\)+to hamvdr ; ^_i
(ugly), oij zisht.
Plaintiff, ^J^ mudaee.
Plan, d-laJ naksheh.
Plane (tree), jU^. chenar.
Plank, ais: takliteli ; r_jJZo/Ji
Plaut, sz> biitteh.
Plaster, Sgach.Plate. oU^j boshkab.
Platform, £~> sakoo.
U sa/;
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VOCABULARY.
Play, s., ^jl bazi.
Play, v., ^f i^jlj bazi kardan.
Pleasant, ui^- khosh ; (of a place),
U-» o ba sefd ; »j» khoram.
Pleiades, ^j. parveen.
Plenipoteuce, J^&~>1 istikldl.
Plentiful, \j\ji ferdvdn.
Plough, psr1 shukhm.
Pluck (flowers), v., aJ#* cheedan;
(a bird), '^.^Sc^l abreet kardan.
Plum, j)laloo.
Plunder, c^lc ghdrat.
Plural, ***. jame'.
Pocket, <-~a. jeeb.
153
a*: Li" ketabchehPocket-book, J«
baghali.
Poern,^i> shiHr.
Poet,^cli sliair.
Point (dot), JaftJ nukteh ; (of a
speech, etc.), <uCi nukteh ; (of a
sword, etc.) >>r- sar.
Poison, y*j za7i'r.
Pole (geographical), c_Ja» feuft; (of
a tent), d,.> derefc.
Policeman, ^-J^ poleess.
Polite, ^^U mo'adab.
Pollute, yzj'v-? no/as kardan.
Pomegranatejlil andr.
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154 VOCABULABY.
Pomp, o^ia- hishmet.
Pond, ij>y* hoz; ^^ istakhr (vulg.
J^J istalkh).
Ponder, v., ^J*^*-sanjeedan.
Ponderous, c^£-j sangeen.
Poniard, &*s kameh.
Poor, jjis fakeer ; tj\$i bee chdreh.
Poppy, ^IsA* khashkhdsh.
Populace, -It '#m.
Porcelain, ^j^ cheenee.
Porcupine,^ i*.y± joojeh teghee.
Port,jJ^ bunder.
Porter, ^'u,^ durban ; ^yj* ka-
poochi.
Portico, ^kjl di/van.
Portion, a^a. Msseh.
Position, Js* mahal.
Positive, ^jftju yakeen.
Positively, Uj*j yakeenan ; Lk* 7iu/c-
Possess, v., ^jiita dashtan ; i—^m
^jiita tassaruf dashtan.Ml
Possession, i-J^ai' tassaruf.
Possible, ^Co mumkin.
Possibly, JoU. shayad.
Possibility, K*\ imkdn.
Post (letter), ii.->^j poos£; (situation),
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VOCABTJLABY.
mansab ; (timber, etc.), J*«
155
meel.
Posterior, t-^ 'akab.
Posterity, ^j\ owldd.
Postmaster, diU?~4 ^j reis posta-
khdneh.
Post-office, ail* ix-i posta khdneh.
Postpone, v., ^ >-*yy mowkoof
kardan.
Pot, eHj«j deeg ; ijykoozeh.
Potash, cjU^-9 Italydb.
Potato, kS^J seeb-i-zameeni.
Potter,J^tjfkoozeliger.
Pour, v., ,.jxa£j reekhtan.
Poverty, ^J\S^geddee.
Powder (gun- ), ^^bdroot ; (medi-
cine), ujy-. sefoof.
Power, oy koovat; ty,Ji kudrat; jj)
zoor.
Practice, j£- mashk.
Praise, Uoju ta'areef.
Prank, i^> sheeveh.
Prawn, £~» maygoo.
Prayer, U^ dud ; jLi nemdz.
Preach, v., ^f^-3 va'az kardan.
Preacher, Mj vd'iz.Mi
Precedent, a*jJu mukadameh.
Precious, ^fgerdn-, j-»-Skaimati.
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156 VOCABULAKY.
Precipice, sV&jjptirtgah.
Preface, *>.Ljj deebdcheh ; s+J&c mu-
kadameh.
Prefer, v., a\± *^h tarjeelih
dddan.
Preference, •>=./ tarjeelih.
Preferment, JiJ turukki.
Pregnant, yji-ol dbestan.
Premium, ^tab pdddsh.
Preparation, e^lJo teddruk ; i-^tehieh.
Prepare, v., ^>t> d,ljJ tedaruk dee-
daw; ytj a.J tehieh kardan ;^UQ&jTlidzer kardan.
Presence, ^.a*. hezoor ; £y±j vejood.
Present (not absent), ^U. hdzir ;
(from inferior to superior), i_i,l*y
ta'druf; J^J-ti 2)&eshkesh ; (su-
perior to inferior), old! iltifdt ;
(of money), ..Ui! ana'dm; (presentw
tense), -vJU hdlieh; (at present),
5)U. fraZa,- (for the present), Jiio
Preserve (jam), s., l^* murabbd.
Preserve, v., t^\^ siJnegah ddshtan.
Press (squeeze), v., *j2J feshurdan ;
^^jl djj' iaua dwardan.
Presume (imagine), v., ^ JU-^
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YOCABULABY. 157
khidl kardan ; (be presumptuous),
^ijT&j^a. jessdrat kardan.
Presumption, ^^—?• jessdrat.
Pretence, «jjI# bahdneh.
Preternatural, sJs-\3 ui^-i. khaldf-i-
Tcaadeh.
Prevail, v., ^J^ c-J^ ghdlib shit-
dan.
Prevent, v., c^i^ j\>.bdz dashtan ;
^j^, «iU mdn'e shudan.
Previous, j~~j peeshter.
Prey, J** sayd ; J&, shekdr.
Price, o*s5 kaymat.
Priceless, o-o-S ,jbee Tcaymat.
Pride, jj;/; ghroor.
Prince, .oljsli. shdhzddeh.
Princelike, ajUli shdhdneh.
Princess, JU. *^lj«lii shdhzddeh hh.a-
num.
Principal (sum), J-.1 oslj (chief),
^-J, reHss.
Print, «., ^^TujU c/wp kardan.
Printer, ^j^V chdpzan.
Prison, ^r^- hubss ; gUij zenddn.
Prisoner, u-^** mahbooss.
Privacy, e^U. khalvat.
Private, u»l> khdss; u>y*& makh-
sooss.
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158 TOCABTJLABY.
Privately, J& mukhfee; J\h j*
dur penhdnee.
Prize, v., ^\z jij*'azeez dashtan.
Probable, [J^> mumkin.
Probability, J&\ imkdn.
Procession, tz~>z dusteh.
Procrastinate, v., &&J'\sf 3)ijA ^m "
rooz o fardd kardan.
Produce, v., &*j3\ j> bar awardan;
^J^jtt^i zaher kardan.
Profit, £» nafe ; s&M fdyedeh.
Profitable, sJu> mofeed.
Profound, j*** 'ameek.
Prohibit, v., oif^* man '
e kardan;
^j&U jb bdz dashtan; &&\* 1jva
ddshtan.
Project, s., s*]j\irddeh.
Project, v., *f **\j\irddeh kar-
dan.
Promise, »J*j va'adeh; Jy kol.
Promise, v., a*h f^j va'adeh da-
dan; &&\& JjS kol dddan.
Promote, v., a *\* JJ turukki dddan.
Promotion, J>J>turukki.
Promulgate, v., a*\* ^j^ shuhrat
dddan.
Pronunciation, fcaS talafuz.
Proof, J^-i daleel.
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VOCABTTLABY. 159
Proper, l^*-^ drust ; L-—.U-* mu-
ndsib.
Property, JU mal.
Prophet, jr**~> payghambar.
Proposal, i—flJ£>' takleef.
Propose,^., .«i>j k-ftJ^i' takleef kardan.
Proprietor, c_-a.U sahib ; eUU
malik.
Propriety, {f^\t> shdyestigee.
Prospect, Ja^c munzur.
Prosperity, Jtsl ikbdl.
Prosperous, JU1 I? ba ikbdl.
Protect, v., ^jfo-iU*. hemdyet kar-
dan.
Protector, ^.U. Titfmi.
Proud, j^«* maghroor ; jSL> muta-
kabir.
Prove, v., ^^p l^o^ sdbit kardan.
Provender, jJ* 'aleek.
Proverb, Ji* masal.
Provided, £XjL> beshart-i-kch.
Province, oe^j veld yet.
Providence, ysfa^j)/* vorcardi-gari.
Provision, tjt±jzakhireh.
Proviso, \>jZ*shart.
Provocation, ekys tahreek.
Provoke, v., y^-Cll angeekhtan; vkj£
^f tahreek kardan.
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160 VOCABULARY.
an-Provoker, is),** muhank ; jt±
geez.
Prudence, c^u haseerat ; ^jLi*
hoshydri.
Prudent, j Ll* Iwshyar ; Jslc '#HL
Public (the), s.pie
^m.
Puff out, v., ^/ly foot hardan.
Pull, v., s^lcasheedan.
Pulley, ^a. cha/rkh.
Pulpit, ^~u muriba/r.
Pulse, ^ nabz.
Pumpkin, j>>S" Tcadoo.
Pun, -lajl iliam.
Puuisb, «., ^^S^a-^" tanbeeh hardan.
Punishment, a~jj tanbeeh;
sidssat.
Pupil, ^Sj^=>\z, shagird.
Purchase, s., Jo^i. Jchareed.
Purchase, v., ^J^p- Ichareedam.
Purchaser, j\ Jo^i. Ichareed.ar ; ^jj^**
mushtari.
Pure, tiU *«/; j^L sddeh.
Purgative, Jf-~» mus-liil.
Purify, v., (jjj/'iJ'wi sdf hardan.
Purple (crimson), ,j\^-j\ drghawdni;
(blue), *ii^ benefshehi.
Purport, i_Jlu matlab.
Purpose, ji_^aiomahsood.
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TOCABULAET. 101
Purse, i^S"keese% ; ^jS"keef.
Pursue, v., ^y^is. 'aliab kardan.
Push, v., $4$j ui-j peesh randan.
Put, v., { \J^ guzdshtan ,• ^U5 ne-
hadan.
Putrefy, v., g&xS'gandeedan.
Putrid, t&jJUTgandeedeh.
Puzzle, v., yj^T J\ri^- hayran kar-
dan.
. Q
Quadrangle (court), oU hay at ;
(square), /ijj* muraba.
Quadruped, t,W*- chdrpd.
Quadruple, J/JLjl-a-*. chehdr muka-
bil.
Quail, c^yjJ^ bildercheen.
Quality, jIjju mikddr.
Quantity, ^1Jiu mikddr.
Quarrel, *«»U* murafe'eh; ^jy-tda'wa.
Quarter, q rub'e ; i^ ; U*- chehdr-
yeky or d,U chdrek.
Queen, a^L> malakeh.
Quell, v., £,$£\s^*\~> sdkit kardan.
Quench (fire), ^.^Tji^U. kharno
kardan; (thirst), ^sf ^Xi3 £.9,
ra/'e tishnagi kardan.
Question, Jj£- soo-al.
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162 VOCABULARY.
Quick (speedy), J^J tund ; (living),
^a.ha'i ; »JJj zendeh.
Quicksilver, jh-ij zaybak ; ty-^a. jee-
veh-
Quiet, J,1 dram.
Quilt, t—»U lahdf.
Qaince, jj beh.
Quit, v., ^^J>[tarlc Cardan.IN
Quite, *J^=Jl? bil-kulli-eh.
Quotation, J£i mtH.
Quote, v., zf^& nuTcl kardan.
R
Rabbi, *U.«. khdkhdm.
Rabbit, <J»fj» khargoosh.
Rabble, -u&a hengdmeh.
Raddish, aa-y torubcheh.
Radiance, Ji^jj roshndee.
Rafter, ^j teer.
Rag, a^j peeneh.
Railing, j^* ma'jur.
Railway, ^\i\, rdh-i-dhen .
Raiment, y-U lebas.
Rain, ^l baran ; J^j^ barish.
Rain, ^J^ bdreedan.
Rainbow, ^jS^y kos-i-kazahh.
Raisp, v., ^Ijjj bar ddshtan.
Rake, ySTeJla. khak-kesh.
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TOCABULAET. 1G3
Ram, lJiirc meesh.
Ramble, ^J^. sayr kardan.
Ramrod, a~-« sunbeh.
Rancid, ***£ tukhmaee.
Rancourous, i^'keenehee.
Random, ,J^\ itifdki.
Rank, ^li sha'an.
Ransack, ^^/"c^lc ghdrat kardan.
Ransom, a> ji fadiyeh.
Rapid, jJ teez ; Jo tund.
Rapier, s^IjJ kaddreh.
Rare, t->'o Skam yah.
Rascal. t&\j p\j*.hardm zadeh.
Rascality, u5^1j »\^ hardm zddehgee.
Rash, l»l>1 j> bee ihtidt.
Ravage, v., &*f^3 tardj kardan..
Raven, t\) zdgh.
Raw, J.U. kham; tali ndpookhteh.
Ray> jilrf porta
Razor, (j*—^ AJ tee^i daldki.
Reach, v., ^ajL, o— j dust resdnee*
dan.
Reach, s., u-j Lr~—> dust rus.
Read, p.p., sJily. khdndeh.
Read, v., ^Ail^i. khdndan.
Readily, J^Ij bdmayl.
Ready, ^L. lulzer.
Ready-cash, JJii nukd.
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164 VOCABULAET.
hdkeeki.
hakeekatan.
^=Jl*-o mamlakat.
Real, J'
Really,
Realm,
Heap, v.,- o^Jj^ ^er0 kardan.
Rear (bring up), v., a<kj%i parvaree-
dan; (as a horse), ^L~il Ijj^j
bardopd istddan.
Eeason (mind), Jae akl ; (proof),
JJa daleel.
Rebel, J^_ yaghi.
Rebel, v., jjJw. .^V yaghi shudan.
Rebound, v., c^Tjb fraz gashtan.
Rebuke, v., ±f *JJjj~>sarzanesh
kardan.
Recall, v., ^A~& j^ baz talabeedan.
Recede, v.. <j£>j>. bargasMan; {:}^Sj^
bdzgashtan.
Receipt, J*-, raseed ; ^> kubz.
Receive, ^J> giriftan ; ^^Tj^J ka-
bool kardan.
Recent, sjl; tdzeh.
Recite, v., ^^fjai nakl kardan.
Reckon, v., ^-^.T'cjl-^a. hissdb kar-
dan.
Recognise, v., c^i.Li shendkhtan.
Recollect, v., ^a\>_ ydd kardan.
Recommend, v., ^sf uV*- sefd-
resh kardan.
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YOCABTTLAEY. 16;
Recommendation, ^la- sefdreshi.
Recompence, <J>\*L pdddsh ; sy*muzd ; olslC mukdfdt.
Reconcile, v., ^^b zJ^\ dshti dddan.
Record, v., i>f^^4 suit kardan.
Recover (get back), v., ^IjjIj bdz
ydftan; (health), ^l lii shefd
ydftan.
Rectitude, jJu» sidh ;(jJ\J rdstee.
Red (crimson), j*J kirmiz; (scarlet),
ty surkh.
Reduce, v., ±fS^kam kardan.
Reed, ^ nay.
Reel, £i3*b£ kaldfeh-nakh.
Refer, v., c*j~ *+\j rdji' kardan;
^ijj\j^y\^ vaguzdr kardan.
Reflect (think), v., ^j^x-^ sondan.
Refrain, ^^JLT'o— j dust kasheedan.
Refuge, «b pendh.
Refuge (to take), v., a^\ *tj pendhawardan.
Refuse, v., ^J^ Jj-» kabool nekar-
dan.
Refute, v., ^J'^j rud kardan.
Regard (esteem), v., j&\* j>je-'azeei
ddshtan; (look at), ±jfi& ne<jdh
kardan.
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166 VOCABTTLAEY.
Regard (esteem), fir^iMiram.
Regent, *li* -i^ kd'im makdm; ^^Vja-nesheen.
Regiment, ~y foj.
Region, ^V naivdliee.
'Register, s.,>»o daftar (pL>l»a de-
bater) .
Register, v., &*f*z4 subt kardan.
Regret, u->~^ afsooss.
Regret, v., ^sib ^-j-il a/sooss d«s7i-
ian.
Regular, *J*te ^ 6« kd'adeh.
Regularly, sO^U jsl^ mo'dfik-i-ka' a-
deli.
Regulate,v., C)'ib *~e£tanzeem dadan
Regulation, sJ^V§ kd'adeh; ^y^ kd-
noon.
Reign, s., oJJL- sultanat.
Reign, v., ^.a^o^aLi sultanat /car-
dan.
Rein, jl».o-»«> dust-i-jelo.
Relate, v., c-iT J55 ^w7cl kardan;
^jdfsj* kisseh guftan.
Release, v., ^^T^jl dzdd kardan.
Religion, &a deen ; l-*»J* muzhab.
Relish, tj*muzzeh.
Rely, v., jj^-Uatefcl itakad dashtan.
Remain, v., JoL mandan.
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VOCABTTLAEY.
Remainder, ^st bdki.
Remarkable, t-^ 'ajab.
Remedy, ^s. ilaj ; »,L. chdreh.
Remember, ^b at ydd ddshtan.
Remembrance, .si ydd; (souvenir),
^tat yddgar,
Remind, v., ^jl at y#d mvardan ;
ij-tf u^'^' - ydddveri kardan.
Remissness, cJisc. ghiflat.
Renew, v., ^^Tjoj^J' tajdeed kar-
dan.
Renounce, v., ±fJCA inkar kardan.
Rent (fissure), dU. c/iafc ; (bire),
S, -s. ijdreh; a^kerdyeh.
167
ta'ameerRepair (mend), ^a^S"
Cardan.
Repairs, oj^w ta'ameerat.
Repeal, v., ^^Tjtt 6a£e £ A:arf7<>>i.
Repeat, «., ^pTjl i« 3 guftan ; j\jZj
v^ftikrar kardan.
Repeatedly, ^^C mukarar.
Repent, v., j^ ^I^JLj peshimdnshudan.
Repentance, J>^+Ai peshimdni.
Repetition, jl^Gi tikrdr.
Replete, ^U-» mamlu.
Reply, ^l^a- jawab.
Report, j*± khabar ; cj^i. shuhret.
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168 VOCABULARY.
Repose, v., ^f e^o.1^.1 isterahat
kardan.
Repose, s.,o^l/-l isterahat; ^Jiiy~>\
dsoodegee.
Represent (expose), v., sfj\&>\ iz-
hdr kardan.
Reprieve, oU* mulilat.
Reproach, d «5j&&> ta'aneh zadan.
Reprove, v., sf J^)j~> sarzanish
kardan.
Reptile, ; jjU. janiver.
Reputation, )j>\abroo ; i^-mIj nd-
mooss.
Reputable,^** md'taber.
Request, v., *f u8*!?* kha'hesh
kardan.
Request, s., (ji*^ kha'hesh.
Require, v., ^\j± khdstan.
Requisite, &*p Idzemeh.
Rescue, oU nejdt.
Rescue, v., ^b oUs nejdt dddan.
Resemblance, oaI~£> shebdhat.
Resemble, ^j^-ib o-ab-S. shebdhat
ddshtan.
Reside, v., ^^b U£- suknti ddshtan.
Residence, <J^~* musken.
Resign, v., ^^b U~~*l isteefd dddan.
Resin, *£j1 angum ; y>~>sakkaz.
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YOCABTTLABY. 169
Resist, v., &*/ jTs^li-jl istadigee
Tcardan.
Resolve, v., &&/],[? kerdr giriftan.
Resolution,J\J kerdr.
Respect, s., f\f=-\iMirdm.
Respect, v., cJx-Jb *jzsfi muhtarem
ddnestan.
Respectable,^*- mo'taber.
\j~*>1 isterd-Rest, s., o*]; rdhat ;
hat.
Rest, v, ^j o=»l; rdhat Tcardan.
Rest (support), aS3 tekieh.
Result, istP nateejeh.
Resurrection, o<U kiydmat.
Retail, J^jj *i>j* khoordeh feroo-
shee.
Retain, v., { \<i j& negdh dashtan.
Retribution, oljW* mujazdt.
Return, s., \z**\p murdja'at.
Return (come back), v., ^^'
j> bar
gashtan; ^J~ o*?^ murdja'at
kardan; (give back), &&U ^ pus
dddan.
Reveal, ^f\J&\ dshkdreh kardan.
Revenge, *taal intikdm.
Revenue, oUU mdlydt.
Review, s., ^L sdn.
Review, v., ^jo ^L* sdn deedan.
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170 YOCABTTLAKY.
Revolution, ^J,^ gardish.
Revolve, v., ^Jj^S" gardeedan.
Revolver, aJy,^^ as'Lk tapdnchehsheshlooleh' ee.
Reward, «., ^.sb pdddsh ; c>*».j ja.
hak-i-zahmat ; -Uil ana'dm.
Reward, v., ±\i -Uil ana?dm dddan.
Rhubarb (medecine), JiymJ rawand ;
(fruit), w°\y.j rivas.
Rhyme, aJls kdfieh.
Rib, «JJ^ dendeh.
Ribbon,j ly navdr.
Rice, J^j berinj ; (plain boiled) ^U.
chelo ; (with sauce, &c), _jb pilo.
Rich, cJ«>5 L_-a.U. sdhib doiclet.
Riddle, U»u> muammd.
Ride, r, ^J-i.^!^-. sawar shudan.
Rider, j'^-i sawdr.
Ridge, x^ljp-ushteli.
Ridicule, j^sr** muskhareh.
Right (not left), Li~-^ rdst ; (due),
jp. liaklc.
Righteous, jiJ-» sadeek ; ^j\xi si-
ddkat.
Righteousness, jSu> sidk.
Rigid, oL. stf£ ; o^-1 sakht.
Eing, «L. halkeh ; (of finger), _/^Jol
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YOCABULAEY. 171
Ring, v., ^j^i^ebj zang kasheedan.
Riuglet, i-dj ZW-Kiot, Ifcjfe ghogha.
Ripe, jJu-jj raseedeh.
Rise, v., e^-.U.^j bar khdstan ; ^J^V
pa shudan.
Risk,^lai- khatar.
Rival, *-sjj». hareef.
River, ^ rood ; jjU.^ roodkhaneh.
Rivulet, ^3 Tia^ir.
Road, i\jrah ; *^V jddeh.
Roar, v., .>j */a na'areh zadan.
Roast, v., ^^\fkabab kardan.
Rob, v., ^^ diczdeedan.
Robber, &)& duzd ; (highway), tfAj
rdhzan.
Robbery, ^j^ diizdee.
Robe, Us kebd.
Robust, J^lS tanomund.
Rock, jS'kamar.
Rocket,^ sli. shdh-teer.
Rogue, ^j\ abash; j./>shareer.
Roguery, c^fi sherarat.
Roll (list), o-> fihrist; (of linen,
&c), ^ looleh.
Roll (on the ground), r., ^V* ghal-
teedan ; (make a), ^U Jj!fooZeh
safc/i&m.
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172 VOCABULARY.
Rolling-pin, aj.s,j vardeneh ; <v^&.
choobeh.
Roof, t-ii-» sak'f ; *1j bam.
Rook, i.'Xf'keldgh.
Room, jU»jl otafe.
Root (of a plant), ii^j reesheh ; (of
a matter), Jol dsl ; ^ beekh.
Rope, ^U—ij reesmdn.
Rosary, ^t-^Jtasbeehh.
Rose (ordinary), ~j~> jTgul-i-surkli;
(grafted), ^j^Jj-j-j payvandi ;
(monthly), j^j jTgul-i-rashti.
Rose-water, iS^giildb.
Rot, v., yJ~~>yr poosedan.
Rotation, ^sj'gardesh.
Rough, jjj zibr ; c^i,^ drusht.
Roughly, (j^j-i I? bd drushtee.
Round, ^S ^ird ; j3x» modavar ; (oful
artillery), eUi sheleeJc.
Row (line), «_»-» sw/; Wi. A'Tiai.
Row (in a boat), v., *j jj/o paroo
Royal, djLli slidhdneh.
Rub, v., ^JJU maZeecZan..
Rubbing, ^U rndlish.
Rubbish, Jli^l dshJchdl.
Ruby, JJ Za'Z.
Rug, *s?l» kdlicheh.
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VOCABTJLAEY. 173
Ruin (building), *>[£. khardbeh ;
(destruction), ^j1> khardbi.
Ruined, ^Jw. i-jl^i.khardb shudan ;
^ijsf makhroob.
Rule (canon),^l dmr; (government),
o-j^. hekoomat.
Rule (lines), «., ^J^T k±. fc7ia£ fca-
sheedan ; (govern), ±jf \z~*>f*>
hekoomat kardan.
Ruler (for lines), jX^-» musdar ;
(governor), *^=>^ hakim.
Rumour, c^i. shuhrat.
Run, v., ^Jjj.5 daveedan ; ..^^
Runner (footman), JoiL shdtir.
Rust, ebj zan^.
S
Sable (fur), mV"-sanjab.
Sabre,j*Z-C> shamsheer.
Sack, s., J^ jawdl.
Sack, i'., ^T £^U j L^i.lj tefcM o
tdrdj kardan.
Sacred, ^-Ji- mukuddus.
Sacrifice, s., ^l?/ kurbdn.
Sacrifice, v., o'if ok/ kurbdn kar-
dan.
Sad, eU-x
diltang
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174 YOCABULABY.
Saddle, &) zeen ; (pack), .^\j pdldn.
Safe, ^\ amn.
Safely, ^-»^L. Ij bd saldmat.
Safety, i»}L, saldmati.
Saffron, ^J&j za'aferdn.
Sage (wise), Jsls- 'dkil.
Said (aforesaid ),jj^J^ mazkoGr.
Sail, ^W^ bddbdn.
Sailor, ,j^j» bahri.
Saint,^ peer ; a^lj^Ll imdmzddeh.
SakeJ>fkU. Jchdter.
Sal-ammoniac, j^U.J neshddur.
Salary, t—-^.^ mawdjib.
Sale, a-j bay ; j-^ feroosh.
Saliva, i-Jj £w/.
Sallow, vkjtjj zardrang.
Salt, dUi nemek.
Salt-cellar, a\i eU5 nemek-dan.
Salty, jy± shoor.
Saltpetre, *;yi shooreh.
Salubrious, JL sdlim.
Salver, acj**« majma'eh.
Salutation, j«iL.salarn.
Salute, v., a&\a |»^L,saldm dddan.
Same, lj~+a, hameen.
Sample, *i^*i nemooneh.
Sanction, *jl».l ijdzeh.
Sand, <j-U mdseh.
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VOCABULABY. 175
Sandal, j,U. eharuk.
Sandal-wood, J*u- sandal.
Sanguinary, ^y£y» khoonkhdr.
Sap, ij>£>sheereh.
-Sapphire, J^ajslj yakoot kabood.
Sarcasm, ±±sh ta'aneh.
Satin, u-itl atlas.
Sash, AzijS kamarband.
Satan, ^^A1 shaitan.
Satisfaction, oil*} rezdyet.
Satisfy, v., o^^j r5a1'
kardan.
Saturate, v., o&J}t?»klieess kardan.
Saucer, ^XJuond'albeki.
Save, v., ^ta olsi wej«£ dddan.
Saving (frugal*, jljJl ^^j pus dnddz.
Savour, oJJ lizzet ; tj+muzzeh.
Saw, sj\arreh.
Say, v., ^giiftan.
Saying, j\xfgvftdr.
Scabbard, «—»"$£ gheldf.
Scafiblding, ^xj v>*- choob nabdi.
Scale, a\jt^meezdn.
Scar, eta ddgh.
Scarce, S" kam ; JJs kaleel ; ^ fkam-ydb.
Scarcity, JaJ kahtee.
Scare, v., Juil~>/ tarsdneedan.
Scarlet, ~j~> surkh.
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176 VOCABTTBABY.
Scatter, v., ^J^Ij pdskeedan ; ^J&
v^fpakhsh kardan.
Scent, y, boo.
Scent, v., o^fy. boo kardan.
Scholar (pupil), *j£=\2> sliagird ; (di-
vinity), <h-LL talabeh ; (learned
man), J* l-^U sahib VVni.
School, ju-^j^o madrasseh ; t_~iC
malctub ; (fellow), t_-^ ^ hvmi
maktub ; (master), J** mo'allem.
Science, Jic ilm.
Scissors, i>)/* mikrdz ; ^si? kaychi.
Scold, v., i^f J*)j~> sarzanish kar>
dan.
Scorch, v., ^3-. sookhtan.
Scorpion, i-ys- akrab.
Scoundrel, **\j*\j* hardmtddeh.
Scout, (j-^-U. jdsoos.
Scrape, v., ^j-il^. khardsTieedan.
Scratch, v., see scrape.
Scream, v., ^j j**. jeek zadan.
Screen, a>yr pardeh.
Screw, g} peech.
Scribe, ^Kkdtib.
Scruple, a^. shubheh; ek. shak.
Sculpture, ^Isi nakdahi.
Scum, (-aTfea/.
Sea, \)j& daryd.
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VOCABULARY. 177
Seal, j4» rrmh'r ; (animal), 1;a eU
sag-i-daryd.
Seal, v., ^J'jt* muh'r kardan.
Seam, c*jJ dookht; jji dwrz.
Search, v., ^a~a. justan ; ifj*~*-
just ojoo kardan; ^\s*^ tafa-
hus kardan.
Season, ^j* mowsam; J-as/us'Z.
Seat, cJi—ti ^U. jdee neshestan.
Second (time), A,Jl> sdni-eh ; (posi-
tion), js_s duyum ; ^Jl?sirct.
Secret, jl, r<£z.
Sect, aAjU» tdyefeh.
Section, -adal kuta'e'h.
Secure, ky«* mahfooz.
Scarcity, l=^>^-i seldmat.
Sedition, ^Li fasdd ; *u» fitneh.
See, v., b)«*><s deedan.
Seed,j*s?
tukhm.
Seek, e^~». justan.
Seem, v., ,j«>>*5na?noodan ; Jui^»'.ii
zaTwr shudan.
Seize, ^pfgirijtan.
Seldom, b'^,JJ nudratan; jiSkamtar.
Select, v., ±f <-i\&\ intikhdb kar-
dan.
Select, p,p., ir^* muntakhib.
Self, *ji.khud.
x
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178 YOCABTTLABY.
Selfish, ir~->.> uji. khud doost.
Sell, v., &&-JJ* ferooJchtan.
Send, v., ^\^ji feristddan.
Senior,^ peer ; jSkebeer.Senna (drug), U- senna.
Vi
Sense (feeling), y-a. hiss; (intellect) f
Jiit 'akl.
Senseless (wanting life), J^^. bee-
hoosh; (without meaning), ,y**?
bee-ma'anee.
Sent, s3\z~>j9 feristddeh.
Sentence (phrase), \z>\* ibdret. See
Judgment.
Sentinel, ^U-b pdssbdn.
Separate, 1 J**, judd.
Separately, o***^ eldhedeh; 1^*- !«**.
judd-judd.
Separation, ^J\J*- judd-ee.
Sepulchre, fifgoor.
Sequel, &J&A dkherat.
Sequester, ^$f\>~i> zubt liardan.
Sergeant, ^£»l?a dah bdshi.
Serious (affair), *$* mohim; (person),
j^L. sangeen.
Serpent,jU mar.
Serpentine, -£,L mdrpeech.
Servant, j&*£ noker ; p^U.Mid-
dim.
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VOCABULAEY. 179
Serve, v., ^sf^fy nokeri kardan ;
^^"oowXi. khidmat Jcardan.
Service, \jj>y nokeri; o-J^- khid-
met.
Set, v., ^loT guzashtan ; ^jI^J ne-
hddan.
Settle, v., ^jTjjZ* mukarar kardan;
(jail J^j}j5 kerdr guzashtan.
Several, jo*, chund ; ^.J^- chun-
deen.
Severe, ^.j-* sakht ; Jo j*£i shedeed.
Sew, y^iji dookhtan.
Shabby, ^*H». hakeer.
Shade, 4jL» sayeh.
Shake, v., c a\i ^Kj takdn dddan.
Shame, *jitshurm ; L> hyd.
Shameless, *jL ^ bee shurm ; W (_j
See 7iya.
Shank, jL safe.
Shape, J£-i. shikl ; o-» heyat.
Share, v., ±jiz~+~a kismat kardan.
Sharp, jJ teez.
Shatter, v.} $jT Sj^i.
khoord kardan
Shave, v., ^J-i]/ terdsheedan.
Shawl, Jli shdl.
Shed, v., ij&j reekhtan.
Sheet, J-*^ shamad ; ii\» moldfeh.
Shelf, *JIk tdkcheh.
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180 VOCABULARY.
Shell (fish), i_»J^ sadaf; (bomb),
Sj\j*». hhonvpdreh.
Shelter, *Uj pendh.
Shepherd, c;^»»- choopdn.
Sherbet, o^> sharbat.
Shield, j~* neper.
Shiue, v., ^j^jIj tdbeedan ; ^Ju-1^dara/c/iseedaw.
Ship, s.,j{&. jehdz ;fj£S'~keshtee.
Ship, -y., yjj^J^a. 7i,a?uZ ~kardan;j\i
^fbdr Jcardan.
Shiver, v., ^>jj larzeedan.
Shock, aoJwj sudmeh ; uj,.* 2iw&; ^K)'
Shock (to give a), ^Ij ^Ki takdn
dddan.
Shoe, L£iS'lcafsh ; (horse), JsJ na'ai ;
(canvas), tyS'geeveh.
Shoemaker, jj^ ^jufkafsh-dooz.
Shoot (a bird, &c), v., z>)zadan ;
(to fire upon), ^jTjZ cUtf tufang
dar kardan.
Shoot, s., As^-lii shdkhcheh.
Shop, ^fo dukdn; tj^-hujreh; y wine),
ails*- maykhdneh ; (apothecary's),
ajU. j^ dawdkhdneh.
Shore, *JS kendreh.
Short, t^jfkootdh.
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YOCABTTLAKY 181
Shortly (in short), j^s." rrmkhtasser ;
(presently), j^^ filfor ; 5H
dldn.
Shortsighted, ^^kambeen.Shot, a^.Li sachmeh.
Shovel, Jrf &eel.
Shoulder, jjI- shdneh.
Shout, s., jb dad; jljl dvdz.
Shout, v., i/"j>b dad kardan ; jhjl
jjj^/'ai'az kardan; 2jT \j«, sedd
kardan.
Show, s., liLi' tamdshd.
Show, v., ^^b ^llj nishdn dddan.
Shower, yi/o bdresh.
Shrewd, ^Li.^* hoshyar.
Shriek. See Scream.
Shrimp, £* maygoo.
Shrink, v., jJLT-*;
.> dar 7ium la-
sheedan.
Shroud, ^kajan.Shrub, &* booteh.
Shuffle, v., &*j~*j> barhum zadan.
Shun, v., ^.ip vUs&.l ijtendb kardan.
Shut, v., c>i~j bustan.
Shy, J^- khijil.
Sick, yiji-li ndkhosh ; Ju.j* mareez;
o-!1
^? behdlat ; JJ* aleel ;
za'eef.
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18S YOCABTJLABY.
Side, ^Jjo taraf; ^ pahloo.
Siege, s^-ls* mohdssereh.
Sieve, J^c gharbeel.
Sift, v.j ^^ beekhtan.
Sigh, xJjTi\ dh kesheedan.
Sight,^lii nazar ; sfc negdh.
Sighted (short), ^.S' kambeen ;
(dim), ^ eb,b tareek-been; (loug),
^^j^i doorbeen,
Sign, ^li-3 nishdn ; u^«^U 'ilamat.
Signal, Sjlil ishdreh.
Signature, f'uiol -iniza'.
Significant, (_f^* 'o ba nza'anee.
Signify, v., i \^ ia*+ ma'anee dash'
tan.
Silence, <S"J*U. khdmooshee.
Sick, *i^?l aferesTiam.
Silly, *^_j*j beehoodeh.
Silver, tj& nukreh.
Similar, J^L manend.
Simple, *.>'•— sddeh.
Sin, »UTgundh.
Sin, i>., Lj>i/'»Ur5rz7jia7i, kardan.
Since, ^j^ choon; *&y$ choonkeh.
Sincere, j^U s«cZiA; ; >_»L> .sa/.
Sincerity, i^5ljs-> seddkat.
Sinful, ^ITsUS gondhkar.
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YOCABUEALY. 1S3
Sing, ^J^y- khdndan. ; ^Jil^i )Wdvdz khdndan.
Singer, sJcJlji.khdnendeh.
Single, eiJ tak ; (unmarried), ^s*
mujurrad.
Singular, &ju mufrad.
Sink, v., j*j 3} froo raftan ; j>
a J£> ghurk shudan ; ^jj* ^°J*
ghooteh khurdan.
Sinless, «U£o beegondh.
Sinner, JC*\£ gondh-kdr.
Sip, v., ^yiy»j* muzmuzeh kardan.
Sir, L_*&.L» sahib.
Sirup, fj*^ sheereh.
Sister, j*\y» khdher ; *^i~»» ham-
sheereh.
Sit, v., c^—15 neshestan.
Situation, ^(C makdn.
Situated, *slj vake'.
Size, Ji kud ; *j1jj1 dnddzeh.
Size (glue), J^ sereesh.
Skewer, ^s-iseekh.
Skilful, jjls fca&ik
Skill, o-k^ kdbiliyat.
Skin, s., o-_>i poost.
Skin, v., xS'^->y, poost kandan.
Skirt, ^b damen.
Skulk, v., J-i ^W^ penhun shudan.
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184 VOCABULARY.
Sky, ^U-.] asmdn.
Slack, tj>—» sust.
Slacken, v., ^fiz~~~> sust kardan.
Slap, ^^L-iseelee.
Slaughter, Ji» kutl.
Slave, j.iU gholam.
Slay, v., ^^ifkushtan.
Sleek, *>j furbeh.
Sleep, s., vl}» khdb.
Sleep, v., ^j-olji. khdbeedan.
Sleeplessness, ^[5-*^ beekhdbee ;
^Ijuj beeddree.
Sleeve, ^t^] asteen.
Slender, ek,U bareek.
Slide, v., ^Sijii laghzeedan.
Slide, s., tj^Ju shurshureh.
Slight. See Slender.
Slime, ^ lejjen.
Sling, eU-- <J5 kulbeh sang.
Slip, v., &&_$ laghzeedan.
Slip, s., ^p^i! laghzesh; (of a plant),
Js kalam ; (of the pen), *l»j«-
sah'v-i-kalam.
Slippery, JJ Zeez.
Slit, v., ^pte. shakdftan.
Slow, ai~j»1 dhisteh ; ^y. yavdsh ;
jSkund.
Slowly, <vi~jb1 dhisteh.
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VOCABULARY. 185
Sluggard, Jp tunbul.
Sly, hJ^j zeereJc.
Small, eUjTfciicTiefe ; ^y- khoord.
Sinallness, J^fkoochekee.
Smallpox, Jbl ableh.
Smart,j/^« ; (Pain)> u£j*» sooxesTi.
Smear, v.. ^^U maleedan.
Smell, «.,_}>feoo.
Smell, v., o^y. boo Tcardan.W _ I
Smile, s., ~~3 tabassum; J^a-t-J
lubkhund.*
Smile, v., *J> p~~3tabassum kar-
dan ; yjif Ji±.t_J lubkhund Tcar-
dan.
Smite, v., &j zadan ; ^^koobee-dan.
Smith (black), fi*\ ahenger ; (gold),
jQ zargar.
Smoke, Jj^ dooci ; ^U-s dukhdn.
Smoke (chimney), v., *j~ dj-adood
Tcai'dan ; (tobacco), ^J^lfkashee-
dan.
Smooth, (_il<» saf.
Smother, v. , zf&* khufeh kardan.
Snare, -b dam; j^kamand.
Snake,jU mar.
Sneeze, v., a^f^s- 'atseh kardan.
Snipe, j^di nukderuz.
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186 VOCABULARY.
khurkhur tar-Snore, v., Sjfj»j±dan.
Snout, >jyr poozeh.
Snow, s., (_*j> barf.
Snow, v., ^Jo^ ±Jj> barf bareedan.
Snuff, sJ6\ dnfieh.
Snuff-box, ^ta-uwl dnfiehddn.
So, t^*** humcheen; £_>*** hum
choon.
Soak, v., g&fu***. kheess kardan.
Soap, e)^^ saboon.
Sober, jL^» hoshyar.
Sociable, oaM lj bd Hifat.
Society, u~*.Lm musdhabat.
Sock, ^jyt- jurdb.
Soda, vUi kalidb.
Sofa, c.Q neemkat.
Soft, (•/nurm.
Softly, «-»*! ahesteh.
Soil, v., ^^jT'g^jJI aloodeh kardan.
Soil, s., elU. khdk ; ^j zameen.
Sojourn, i-Jsy tawakuf.
Solace, v., zJTL3 tasali kardan.
Sold, <^jy ferookhteh.
Solder, ~J laheem.
Soldier, jU^ sarbaz.
Sole (only), Wi" tanha.
Solely, laai fakat.
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VOCABULAET.
khdhesh kar-
187
Solicit, v., ^ J^y*dun.
Solid, J^* munjamid.
Solve, v., $yj&>\ ashkdr kardan.
Sometime, j*j eb yek vakti.
Sometimes, ^jtfgahi; »\fs\fgah-gdh.
Somewhere, J^jd-ee.
Son, s~j pesser ; Jjjj? jarzand ; Jj
valad ; (grandson), sy neveh ; (of
Adam), -.si^/i
beni Adam; (of
a king), t&\)»^> slidh-zddeh ; (of a
nobleman), it>\) j#>\ameer-zddeh ;
(only), J^-j tf>1-il>?t voahhad ; (in-
law), .sLta ddmdd.
Song, »jl_j1avdzeh.
Soon, Jjj zood ; ^^>jy.be zoodee ; S*?
jald.
Sop, A«ii! lukineh.
Sorcerer,J^^ jddooger.
Sordid, cU» tamd\
Sore, «&j zakhm.
Sorrow, ^ gharri ; ^jjf^ dilgeeree ;
sjjil andooh.
Sorry, dl^c- ghamnak ; j£}± dil-
geer.
Sort, fjrakkam ; ^r^. jins ; jy*.
joor ; cy no'e; *~5 ktssm; a3^
gooneh.
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1S8 VOCABULARY.
Sought, »juJl» talabeedeh ; lj^IL*
mutloob.
Soul, -jj rooh ; \*.jdn.
Sound, 1j-» seda; \z>y> sot.
Soup, \>jyi>shorbd ; oi^Tl dbgoosht.
Sour, J±j tursh.
Source (water), &+£-* cheshmeh ;
(origin), J->1 asl.
South, <->y+ jenoob.
Sow, v., ^f'
\sss\j)zera
1
at Tcardan;
ij^X kdshtan.
Space, Ui fezd ; o»-ij vusaat.
Spacious, a~-j vusee'.
Spade, J* beel.
Span, »—^j vajab.
Spangle, eU_^ jmlak.
Spark, sj\j jUl atesh pareh ; £j*
cherekeh.
Sparkle, v., ^Jy-li^,^ daraJchaheedan.
Sparrow, d~^> gunjishk.
Speak, v., ^fguftan ; ^j <—i^*. harf
zadan.
Spear, sjJ nayzeh.
Special, yej^s viakksooss.
Species, ^^^ jinss ; p~5kissm.
Specimen, ujJ nemooneh.
Speck, iLiii nuHeh; A3 lekkeh.
Spectacle, liUi' tamdshd.
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YOCABULAET. 189
Spectacles, <2k*c 'aynek.
Speech, a \ijzebdn.
Speed, aisP 'ajaleh ; i-jIsA shetdb.
Speedily, us&jj>be zood.ee ; l$±^> be
tundee.
Spell, v., ^^fiLl im la Icardan.
Spend, v., ±fi-»j* sarf Icardan; ^J»
*jfkharj Icardan.
Spice, &i)$\ advieh.
Spider, o^Jop 'ankaboot.
Spill, v., j&j reekhtan.
Spin, v., ^j rustan ; ^U bdftan.
Spinach, p-^-1 ispenaj.
Spiral, j^^i peechdar.
Spirit, £.<}jrookJi.
Spirited, o^c »_^L> saheb-i-gheyrat.
Spiritless, #*£ beejdn.
Spiritual, ^^jj rohdnee.
Spirits, j*y± johar ; (out of), iU.> ^bee-demagh.
Spit (for roasting), >--> seekh.
Spit, v., yji/'t-aJ tuf kardan.
Spite, xJfkeeneh.
Spittle, \J& tuf.
Splendid, Jia. jalleel.
Splendour, J^U jellal.
Split, v., ^Ki shekdftan.
Spoil, s., o,le gharat.
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190 TOCABULAEY.
Spoil, v., ^sj ±)\j± kherdb kardan ;
^j/^jU zaye' kardan.
Sponge, ^1 dbr.
Spoon, j^W kdshook.
Sport (games), ^jjl bdzi ; (fun),
j^y^ shookhi ; (chase), J& she-
kdr.
Sportsman, \jj&> sliekdri.
Spot, JU. khdl ; Aim nukteh ; a^J
lekeh.
Spout, *!_jllooleli.
Sprain, v., ^J^. el^ ^rag-berag shu-
dan.
Sprain, uif^ peechesh.
Spread (carpet, &c), ^^f\J>y farsh
kardan.
Sprightly, c—^chust; elYU. chdldk.
Spring (season), jV+4 behdr ; (of
water), < «*
,^ cheshmeh.
Sprinkle, v., ^J^U ptisheedan.
Sprout, v., cjJ'-jjj rooeecZan.
Spurs, j-**->mahmeez.
Spurious, t_Ji fraZb ; J«a. ja'al.
Spy, s., (_hj^U. jdssooss.
Spy, v.,g^^^-j'-a-jassoosseeArardan.
Squadron, alL, ressaleh.
Squander, v., c $jT <*j\jj\ israf kar-
dan.
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VOCABTJLAET. 191
Square, £ij*murubba' ; i^j^^e*
chehar goosheh.
Squeeze, v., *j^2J feshdrdan.
Squills, Jjfl-il askail.
Squint, s., Jjja.1ahval.
Squint, v., ^y. J[y»-1ahval budan.
Stab, v., &&) tjV Tcdrd zadan ; j*^
$j khanjar zadan.
Stable, s., A*^ taveeleh.
Stability, <jj^\ paiddree.
Stack, ^j^ Jcharman.
Staff, L~£ 'asd.
Stag, lyj^j^ gdvikoohee.
Stage, j£* sakoo.
Stagnant, ».>1=~j1 istddeh.<*,
Stain, ixJ lakkeh.i
Staircase, A>pelleh.
Stake (wood), £. meefc7i ; (at play),
L^i.shurt.
Stale, ai^ kohneh ; (victuals), *iLA
shuhdneh.
Stalk, jL safc.
Stall (for cattle), j>1 dkhoor.
Stamina, a~j bunyeh.
Stammer, v., ^J? &Uj zebdn gvrif-
tan.
Stamp, v., ij zadan.
Stamp, s.,j*» muh'r.
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192
Stand, v., gds-tl istadan ;
^j^b pasheedan.
Standard, JJ^> baydak.
Star, Jjlx-ilistdreh.
Starch, jl_^-IJL-j nishdsteh ; j\—»1
dhdr.
Starling, j L» sar.
Start (to begin journey), ^1»1 »b
rah uftadan ; (from sleep), ^-Ajp-j\
,-^r-j )dz kh'db burjustan.
Startle (for terror), v., ±f p ram
kardan.
Starve, v., da f. j^-J^az guresnegee
murdan.
VOCABULAET
(up), State (condition), cJU. hdlat ; J1_H
dhwdl ; Jl» hal ; (rank), *3j*
martubeh; (pomp), J^U- jelldl;
(in this state of affairs), o)W*ydor een hdlat ; (affairs of state),
cXUj^l dmoor i mamlakat.
Station, jC~» muskun ; J^ munzul ;
j5y murkaz ; && makdn.
Stationary, «.il=~jl istddeh.
Stationer, ^jj &K kaghaz feroosh.
Statue, **~*° mojussameh.
Stature, JJol anddm.
Statute, y\s kanoon.
Stay, v., ^JjU mancZan.
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TOCABULAEY. 193
tead (instead of ), j>f- avaz ;Us bejd.
teadfast, ^ kayem.
teal, v., c;Jo-ij«iduzdxedan.
team, j&. bukhdr.
teel, ^y fooldd.
teep (downhill), y„;^- sarazeer;
(uphill), %_,-> sarabdld.
•tench, »jjj^j^ &oo-ee gandeedeh ;
ajjo badboo.
tep, ,.Jikadam j (of promotion),
a»y.> derejeh; i^j* martabeh; (of
staircase), aL pelleh.
Step, v., ^JT +J3 kadam giriftan.
5tew, ^^ yakhni.
Steward, ^U nazir.
Stick, ujj*.c/ioob ; U* 'assa.
Stick, v., o^w* chaspeedan.
Sticky, dl~~*- chaspndk,
Stiff, o^" safcfrt , is-*- s<f*.
Stifle, v., c,j/'"i» t/ia/a kardan.
Stifling, aii. khafa.
Still, 3^» henooz ; j\>baz.
Stillness, ^1,1drdmi.
Stimulate,"!'., cr^l angeekhtan.
Sting, s., u~> wees7i.
Sting, v., cj>>j J~> *««& sadan.
Stingy, ij-^keniss.
Stink. *See Stench. o
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194 VOCABTJLAET.
Stipulate, v., aAj\ji> shart kardan.
Stipulation, )*jushart.
Stir, v., ^_f^r- harakat Tcardan.
Stirrup, yJCj rehab.
Stock (of a gun), J\<MS konddk.
Stocking, u!;j» jurab.
Stolen, jJ^jj duzdeedeh; (property),
ijtp JU mal-i-duzdee.
Stomach, s J*- mctadeh; ^> shakam.
Stone, dL- scmgr.
Stony, ^VeL- sanglakh.
Stood, s^Ii-jJ istadeh.
Stool, *i^jW charpayeh.
Stoop, v., o^ (*"khum shudan -
aM\*Stoop, s., *» fclFntm.
Stop, v., ^ala-ilistadan ;
mdndan.
Stop, s ,aWs nukteh.
Store, ,U1 dnbdr.
Stork, jld lukfoik.
Storm, ^Ujt to/So.
Story (narrative), oi^- hekdyat ;
Jai wtifcl ; (of a bouse), *&> taba-
keh.
Stove, ijj\&,bukhdri.
Stout, j J*skatoor ; (strong), \>y±>
mazboot.
Straight, o-j, rast ; (in a straight
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YOCABULABY. 1D5
line), m««< !** bekhut-i-musta-
keem.
Strain. See Squeeze and Sprain.
Strange, t_-i^ ghareeb ; l-^s* ajeeb.
Stranger, »—o^ ghareeb ; m'Cj bee
gdneh.
Strangle, v., ^^T^wa. khufeh kardan;
^ji^ geloo giriftan.
Strap, s*~J tusmeh.
Stratagem, <sL» heeleh.
Straw, s^kdh.
Strawberry, ^'ij \z>y tooti frangi.
Stray, v., zf'
S'^j rah gum Icardan.
Stream,^ nahr.
Street, j^jT koocheh.
Strength, jjj zoor ; oy koovat.
Strengthen, v., *f ^ muhkamIcardan.
Stretch, v., ^^kasheedan.
Strict, j^ dakeek.
Strictly, e^l? bddik'at.
Strife, a!^U* mujddeleh.
Strike, v., *j zadan; ^J^^koobee-dan ; ^ykuftan.
String, ^U—i, reesman.
Strip (make naked), v., ^ u>J
lukht kardan.
Strive, v., O^f,j^^kooshesh kardan.
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196 "VOCABULARY.
Stroke, s., ^j^ zurb.
Stroke, v., ^J^U maleedan.
Stroll, v., ^3j J^^f garddsh raftan.
Stroll, s., ^zjfgardash.
Strong, ^y kavee.
Struggle, v., ^ijTj^aj J+jadvajalid
hardan.
Stubborn, j~»sy» khudsar.
Stuff", s., A^,b parcheh.
Stuff, v., &<**& chapeedan.
Stupid, j^-1 ahmak ; &j~> safee.
Stumble, v., ^j p*r>sar-i-sum raf-
tan.
Stvle (in writing), *lii1 insha.
Subject, o~£, rtfaxjet ;aIL £ab'e.
Sublime, ^Jl*a'ah'.
Submission, c>*U»l itd'at.
Submissive, /di* mutee'.
Subsequent, Jw ha' ad.
Substance, oli z#£.
Substantive, «-.! -mn.
Substitute, v., cJ ^/'ji J-i' tabdeel kar'
dan.
Substitute, s.n^t^\^. janesheen; <j>^}avaz.
Subtract, v., ^J'l^, minha kardan.
Subvert, v., oifjjJJJ zeer ° ro° ^ar '
dan.
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VOCABULARY. 197
Succour, iJ^» medad.
Such (as this), e>s*"> hamcheen; c^-
chaneen ; (as that), o^** ham-
chendn ; ^ chenan.
Sudden, sfc'li ndgdJi.
Suddenly, Uai ghijlatan.
Suffer, v., *f\y+sc taliamul kardari;
(loss), yj£jj* zarar Tcasheedan.
Suffice, v., uJ^ 4^ kafi shudan.
Sugar, &3 kund; (unrefined), J2>
sheker ; (candy), oU3 nabdt ;
(plums), JS3 nukl; (cane), J^~>
ney-i-sheker.
Suggest, v., ^b »j^1 ishdreh dadan.
Suit (of clothes), a=-».i dusteh.
Suit (agree), v., ^L f*\>bdhum
saklitan.
Suitor, j>jy
s. 'ariz.
Sulphur, tfj? googird.
Sultan, ^UiLj sultan.
Sultry, ai> Ichufeh.
Sum (of money), £* mublugh;
(arithmetic), yL* hessdb.
Summer, Wo tubistan; (crops),
iu-o sayfee.
Summit, sKkelleh.
Summon, s., .j±~& talabeedan.
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198 VOCABULAEY.
Sun, vUl dftdb ; JJ^,^- kliursheed ;
(disk of), v-jUjI voj kurs-i-dftab >
(worshipper), o--^ v^l dftdb
parest; (exposed to), ^ i->l»1 dftab
roo; (beam), i_>U!y^j partd-i-dftab;
(flower), t-jksl ^fgul-i-djtdb; (rise),
vial c^lt teloo' -i-dftdb ; (set), «^«^
Superb, *iic 'azeem.
Superfluous, Jolj zdyid.
Superintendent, J*\i ndzir.
Supper, |.Llsham.
Support (endure), ^U is*llt tafcai
Suppose, -u., ^jTyl^Tgemail kardan.
Suppress, v., ^jfj^ makhfi kardan.
Sure, v., (^ yakeen.
Surety, ^U zdmin.
Surface, jj roo.
Surgeon, —1^. jarrahh.
Surname, t-Jil lakkab.
Surpass, v., c^i.XTguzasMan.
Surprise, t-*^ ta'ajub.
Surprise, v., $y v*?*^ muta'ajib
kardan.
Surprised, v., ^f^^ ta'ajib kar-
dan.
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TOCABTTLAET.199
Surrender,^,i^f^-
tasleem dddan.
Surround, v., aif'j-^ muhdssereh
kardan.
Survey, v., o*3**i paymoodan.
Surveyor, j~~> momayiz.
Suspect, v., a&ji ^Sgeman burdan;
tf&U Aji shubheh dashtan.
Suspicion, alS gemdn ; ^ shubheh.
Sustain, jA^ji bar dashtan.
Swallow, s., A^J* chelchelleh.
Swallow, v., &*/. }J froo burdan.
Swamp, cjb^> murddb.
Swear, v., ^jy- f* kassam khurdan.
Sweat, Jj* arak.
Sweep, v., o^/^3j^Jar00h kardan.
Sweet, ,j>.j^>shireen.
Swell, v., a*f?ji varam kardan.
Swift, J^j' tund.
Swim, ^fy^ sheno kardan.
Swing, (2)^1dbrak.
Switch, &) tarkeh.
Swoon, ,J& ghush.
Swoon, v., ±fj* ghush kardan.
Sword, jfM.a.shamsheer ; (rapier)
'*
ij\j3kuddreh.
Symbol, c^>^e ilamat.
Symptom,jUi dsdr.
Synonymous, ^j** f*hum mani.
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200 YOCABULABY.
WW
Syringe, djJjl dbdozek.
System, ^yls kcinoon.
T.
Table, j~. mee«; (cloth), >/-» sufreh,;
(to lay a), v., ^J-^- 8,.*— sufreh
cheedan.
Tablet, ts£ takhteh.
Tail, -^ dura.
Tailor, tUi. khdyydt.
Take, v., ^J^ giriftan ; *j bur.
clan; (away), ^s&lo^ barddshtan ;
(care of ), C,J^> l_-U ,
^» moiuazib shu-
dan; (the part of), ^T ^U-^t
iara/ dari kardan ; (by the hand),
^o-J dust giriftan.
Tale, a-»9 kisseh; t^-oK^. hikdyat;
^l^ta dastun.
Talent, o-lls kdbeleeyat.
Talisman, -JJ» telism.
Talk, jj v-j/a. 7mr/ zadan.
Talker, v-J^ hardf.
Tall, jJb buland.
Tallow, Jbj pee.
Tally, s., Wi.y^. choobkhut.
Tally, v., ySZ' Jj^u mukdbil shudan.
Tambourine, *j\s ddyereh.
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V0CABT7LAEY. 201
Tame, adj., ^ ram.
Tame, v., ^L. p\jram sdhhtan.
Tan, v., o^f^^ dubdghee hardan.
Tank, <je>y-hoz.
Tantamount, J^U. mo'adil.
Tar, a\J*£ kaytrdn.
Tarantula, Jjj rotel.
Tart (acid), J»J tursh.
Taste, v., J~^- chesheedan.
Taste, s., *> muzzeh.
Tattler, ^^ sahhan cheen.
Taught, J«* muta'alim.
Taunt, v., o-sj<^*1> ta'aneh zadan.
Tavern, <ulit« mayTchaneh
Tawny, ^ffXfgandum goon.
Tax, oUL mdliat ; ^> baj.
Tea, ^U- c7iai.
Teach, v., ^b ak 3/^ dddan; ^y»\dmoolcMan.
Tear (a rent), dl* c7i«fc.
Tear, w., ej^^a^ra fcardan.
Tear, s., eli\ ashfc.
Tears (to shed), ^j eli! osfc*
.Hi _
Tease v., ^f^>i^ dziet Jcardan.
Teeth, Udljj^ denddnhd.
Telescope, ^jo doorbeen.
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202 VOCABULARY.
Tell, v., ^h/gujtan; ±f^ nukl
kardan.
Temerity, j»\z~S gostakhi.
Temper, ^y- khoo ; ji» khulk ;
(good), jli \J>f- khosh kliulk ;
(bad), y- Jo bad klioo.
Temperament, o*~k tabee'at; ^>tube'
Temperate, Jj^-«-« moHadil ; ^.5U
molayem.
Temple, Ss^> musjed.
Tempt, v., aif^ ighva kardan ;
Temptation, \^\ ighva.
Tenacious,^" mussir.
Tenant,^f^— mustajir.
Tend, v., o^T J^ nww/2 kardan;
^j> JjL mayil boodan.
Tender, a., e)jl>nazwfc ; o^ n^e "
ween ; */ nurm.
Tender, s.,*-JJ& takleef.
Tenderly, o^.^L ^ &# moldyemat.
Tendon, ^ 'pay.
Tenour, &y*** mazmoon.
Tent,j^U chadur; (to pitch a),j^W
yj chadur zadan ; (to take down
a), jjfj*\*. chadur kandan;(yo\e),
&j* derek ; (pegs), ^ meekh.
Term, c^Ut ibdret.
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YOCABTTLABY.203
Terminate, v., j^^> f^khatm
sakhtan; ^jl r^ *J be injam
awardan.
Terrace, &Az*\* mdhtdbeh.
Terrible, 12) U>». holndk.
"Terrify, v., ^J^^y tursdneedan.
Territory, eiU milJfe.
Terror, of3 turss ; o^»j vahshat.
Test, ^U*^ imtihdn.
Testify, v., ^l-5 i^W^ sheliadet
dddan
Text (original), JJ dsl ; (verse), *J
<zye7i.
Than, jl «».
Thank, v., ^ta^ shukr dadan.
Thankful, u-Ui J*- fcwfc shendss.
Thankfulness, ^ii tashukur.
That, dew. pro., 1 aw (vulg., oon) ;
(that which), ^ I ancheh; (seeing
that), ejj*- cTuxm; (that is to say),
jju ya'anee; (in order that),
b' id.
Thaw, r., ^J^ <^ #° shudan.
Theatre, ajU. liUi' tamaslid khaneh.
Theft, l5^-s duzdee.
Themselves, ^>^ khudishan.
Then (- that time), taSyl dnvakt ;
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204 VOCABTJLAET.
Thence (= from that place), \d\J\
dzdnjd.
There (= that place), Uil anja(vulg., oonja).
Thereabouts (= in those places),
\s*\j?\jS derail] (ilia.
Therefore, \X£ lehaza ; ^jl^la bend-heran.
Thick, vizis' kulufb ; ssS'gundeh.
Thief, *j& duzd.
Thigh, gjljran (vulg., roon).
Thimble ailsiiol angooshtdneh.
Thin (as paper), ehls ndzook ; (as a
stick), dojL bdreek,- (liquid),
&fjrakeek; (lean), j&^ lugher.
Thing, jjj*cheez.
Think, «., ^.s^" J'-» fefrwzZ Tcardan ;
^sjiLi jol dwleesheh Tcardan.
Thirst, (jX^' tishnagee.
Thirsty, <uio tishneh.
This, j^l een,.
Thorn, ^li.A-7ior.
Those, l#1 dnhd (vulg., oonlia).
Thou, y to.
Though, ja.J\ igerclxeli.
Thought, JLs. fc7i/i<«£ ; ^j _^fcr.
Thoughtful, JZ'ku mutafeker.
Thoughtless, JW-^i bikhidl.
Thousand, J^y* hezdr.
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VOCABTJLABT.205
Thrash, t\, o^j J^ s7iaZafe zadan.
Thread (end), ^U-jj reesmarii (of
conversation), a^> rishteh.
Threat, o^" tahdeed.
Threaten, r., ^/ *.*' ta/uZeed
ka/rdan.
Three, *-» seh.
Threshold, *ils-»l dstdneh.
Throat, jJfgeloo.
Throne, is**? tuM&
Through, ,-1^- sotr-a-sar ; }1az j (to
pass), ^AJfguzasMan.
Throughout, >1 tt J^ «2avat <(*
dicker.
Throw, t\, ^IjJI dndakhtan.
Thrush, tfy toofea.
Thumb, ^jj>. v-i^l dngusht buzurk ;
o^ai ehast.
Thunder, J*, ra'ttd.
Thus, &/* chome&n,} ^ff» ham-
chuneen.
Tickle, v., dab J1*-5 dughldk dddan.
Tide (flood),J- mud; (ebb), j>>
jazr.
Tidings, j-» khabar ; (glad), «•>>
rav.zhdeh.
Tie, i'., cr-^ tustan.
Tier, &^ tabakeh.
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206 VOCABULARY.
Tiger, j*> babr.
Tight, eb3 tang.
Tile, JUj^, sufal.
Till, Is ta; 4^.1" £dfce7i.
Timber, i->j* choob.
Time, o$j uafci.
Timid, Ly iarsan.
Tin, ^jJo.halabi.
Tinder, -uij-. sookhteh.
Tinsel, uy fooeh.
Tip, eli noofc.
Tipsy, o—* must.
Tiptoe, i?ij~> saripanjeh.
Tire, v., gsj'iz**. khasta kardan.
Tissue, <~i^>j)zar baf.
Tithe, el* a dali yek.
Title, t-Ji! lakab.
Tobacco, ^yJjS tutun; (for narghileTi
or ghalidn), jS\$ tunbaku.
Toe, b o-^ol angusht i pa.
Together, *»l> bahum.
Toil, J^?. jahd.
Token, i£—5U ildmat.
Told, s&gufieh.
Toll, ^bsl, rdhddree.
Tomb,^J fcafrr.
Tongs, ^-il anbur.
Tongue, gly zeb<m.
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VOCABULAET.2Vi
Tool, oM diet.
Tooth, tfU-Jdenddn; (-ache), a,a
\^durdidenddn; (-pick), J^kheldl.
Top,^~ sar; VU bald.
Topsy-turvy, ^3 &» hurj ° WU7>
Torch, Ja^- musha'al.
Torment, «* ^U *U»W& dddan.
Torrent, Js- sayl.
ortoise, s^i <^- sang-pusMj e!5)
o^j lak-pusht.
Torture, ^^ shekenjeh.
Toss, v., ^^andakhtan; (to toss
head or tails),^/^V)^ s?ieer
vakhut Idzi kardan.
Total, J^£»» jam'-i-kul.
Touch, «., o^J tS~i dust zadan *
Tour, J,*/gardesh ; tjy doreh.
Tow (drag), 0., ^fccw7iefidan.
Towards, »jj roo-be.
Towel, Ay holeh.
Tower, -j> b&rj-
Town,>i. shahr.
Townsman, ^ shehri ; (fellow-
townsman), ysj* f hum shahri.
Toy, tgfabdzeecheh.
Trace, o«^ ilamat.
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208 VOCABULART.
Trade, o,lsi tejdrat ; M~>_jaU dad, u
sitad.
Trader, ^l? tajer.
Traitor, ^.U. khdyen.
Trample, v., C) i/'J^^ pamal hardan.
Tranquil, s.s^-1 dsoodeh;j»lj!
ardm.
Transact, U., ^b^ pcrddkhtan.
Transfer, v., o-s^JS nukl kardan.
Translate, v., $sf ***J tarjumeh
hardan.
Transplant, v., oi^9 W* 3& be ?'*
Teardan.
Transport, v., c^J** haml kardan.
Transpose, v., &*f_j&k j {*<&>tafo
deem va Id kheer kardan; ^o*f\J-*l3 Pu vapeesh kardan.
Trap, As tileh.
Trappings, j]^ yerdk.
Travel, i\, j^jj^ safar raftan.
Traveller, ^sL-« musafrr.
Tray, ,J~» seenee ; <**«* mujma'a.
Tread, D., #*} U p« zadan.
Treason, oJ^i- khidnat.
Treasure, Sganj.
Treasurer, jUjjUa. khezunehddr.
Treasury, ti\j&.khezdneh.
Treaty, a-U J^c 'ahd ndmeh ; (con=
vention), .ita^ kerdr dad.
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VOCABULAET. 209
Treble, JjU« a-> seh mukabil.
Tree, o*,^ darakht.
Trellis, s*J>nurdeh.
Tremble, o^-j) laTzeedan.
Trench, JJ^. khunduk.
Trial, ^W^ imtihdn ; ytjUj) azmd-
yesh.
Triangle, aIjS^j- seh goosheh.
Tribe, ik^> tdyefeh.
Tribulation, ,lj1azdr.
Tribunal, a*£=* mahkemeh.
Tribute, p\> baj.
Trick, aLa. heeleh ; i^Z, sheeveh ; (to
play a trick), ,jOj ty-A>sheeveh zadan.
Trifle, s., Jj*. juz'ee.
Trifle, v., ^pTg^ harzeh guftan.
Trim, »ja^==»b pdkeezeh.
Trip, v., ^-ij Jj topuk zadan; ^ j~
^j sar i sum raftan.
Tripod, ajUa-j sehpdyeh.
Triumpb, ^fat'h; (triumphal arch),
OpoJ jlL tdk-i-nosrat.
Troop, sjjfgerooh; ^cl^. jemd' at.
Troops,J^ leshker.
Trot, s., 4+jj> yoortmeh.
Trot, v., ^j <u-y_ yoortmeh raftan.
Trouble, s., o-»*j zahmat.
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210 VOCABULARY.
Trouble, v., &&\a o-*-*j zahmat
dddan.
Trousers, j\^2> shalwdr.
Trowel, aJL mdleh.
Truce, cV muhlet.
True, \z*Jjrast.
Truly, SfljaJl^ filhakeekat ; \z&t&*
liakeekatan.
Trunk (of a tree), &3 tanah ; (bos),
^Jj- yakhddn.
Trust, s., ^laxcl itikad.
Trust, v., c^ib jlwl itikdd ddshtan.
Truth, (JJ-o sidle,
Try, v., *f~ \£*\ imtihdn kardan.
Tube, iljllooleh.
Tuck, v., &&f&ai clieen kardan.
Tuft, ax> buteh.
Tulip, aJV Z«te7i,.
Tumble, v., ^ksl uftddan.
Tumult, 4*l£ui hengdmeh.
Tune, eUftl dhang.
Turban, <ul»c emdmeh.
Turbid, ±^>\^gilalood.
Turf, cr*». chaman.
Turk, (^L^ Osmdni.
Turn, v., ^Juil-sy gerddneedan.
Turnip, **1^ sliulghum.
Turpentine, ja- _/»_>?• johar sekkez.
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VOCABULARY.ZIL
dodafa'eh.
Turquoise, *)3j# firoozeh.
Turtle-dove,^ kumri.
Tweezers, J&+ munkash.
Twice, jVjjidoMr; **i*j*
Twin, JSj.5doghuli.
Twine,~s.,^" Mtmeh.
Twine, ,;., d*/ u^ P™chesh kar'
dan.
Twist, «., o^ pe«cfcflfida»;
. j^s4 b«7iuw peecheedan.
Tyrant, ^ vaUm.
Tyranny, -& zuliw.
^
U.
zishtee.Ugliness, j^>j
Ugly, o^j a*«W«
Ulcer, f-jzakhm.
Ultimate,^ dkher.
Umbrella,^ chatr.
Umpire, cJl> salts.
Unanimous, Jfc* mutafik.
Unawares, Uic ghijlatan.
Unbecoming, «~i^ ndsMyiiteH.
Unbounded, J^ be«fcu<l; oiW
bee nehdyat.
Uncertain, fJJ«.U iwma'aloom.
^
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212 VOCABTJLAEY.
Uncharitable, Jj>do tangdil.
Uncivil, l_>.}1 ^ bee itdab.
Uncle (paternal), y>* 'amoo ; (mater-
nal), _}!--khilloo.
Unclean, dUl3 napdk; y-as nejess.
Uncomfortable, co.1; 14 bee ruhat.
Uncommon, ^-15 nadir.
Unconcerned, <£ j. bee-gham.
Uncurable, ^s.^ la ilaj.
Undeceive, v., _)«>;jl o3/-8 ^-^ J^ ^z
ishtibah beroon awardan.
Undeniable, -*--> ^ bee shubheh.
Under,^ij zeer.
Undermine,^., ^^fs^Ju nukb kardan.
Understand, v., &•*-•& fahmeedan ;
^jvi JU. Julli shudan.
Undertake,!;.^ JjTj-al ikdam kardan.
Undeserved, j£~*ji* gheir i musta-
hak.
Undesigned, 5_/3 JU. khial neker-
deh.
Undesirable, !j-»U wa sez#.
Undetermined, s^> nukrah.
Undisciplined, jjii g free nuzm.
Uneasiness, u-il^Sa-vlizterab.
Uneasy, c^k-u muzterib.
Unequal, j^»» l3 nd hamvdr.
Unequivocal, -^-i. _j bee shubheh.
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VOCABULARY. 213
Unerring', U»»i_j bee khetd.
Unexampled, Jiu <_} missl.
Unexpected, A+3jZo jfS- gheir-i-mutara-
kabeh.
Unfailing, *»1j dayem.
Unfavourable, j*\~* \i nd musaid.
Unfeigned, JL**-hakeekee.
Unfinished, ^ U %a tamam.
Unfit, c_—iU«l3 ndmundsib.
Unfold, v., o^/jV b«2 kardan.
Unforseeu, sj&su^ glieir-i-munta-
zereh.
Unforgotten, »J^ yi^./ammoos/ine shudeh.
Unfortunate, o.3?Jo bttd bukht.
Unfruitful, J-»'^ bee hdssel.
Ungenerous, j^^l,^ doorazdoostee.
Ungentlemanly, ajM <j beeddabuneh.
Ungovernable, ,_£^-» sarkash ; y-<x^i
tundkhoo.
Ungraceful, <-Sj ^ bee tarkeeb.
Ungracious, oUJl g bee iltifdt.
Ungrateful, Jj* isUJ neniek behardm.
Unhappy, a.-...-^*. J^ dii shekesteh ;
eki' J^ cZti tangr.
Unhealthy, plL,Is nd sdlim.
Uniform, adj., /j> herd-bar.
Uniform, s.,,**-, u-U leb«ss russmi.
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214 VOCABULARY.
Unimportant, c5U»! ^ hee itilu.
Uninformed,^ <j, bee khabar.
Unintelligent, Jac y bee tiki.
Unintelligible, .j#u j± gheir-i-maf-
Jioom.
Unintentional, 1^~> sahvan.
Uninterested, j>/- <_j bee gharaz.
"J <&* bedooniUninvited, «J.
va'adeh.
Union, «>U1 itilidd.
United, J^» mutahid.
Unity, L^=*J^i yekdnegee.
Universal, ^y** emoomee.
Universe, y\&.jehdn; ^jJfgeetee.
Unjust, jp-k ndhak.
Unjustifiable, L-o beepd.
Unkind, o^* tj bee mohubut.
Unlawful, sji>^J"^. kheldji shure.
Unlike, J»l_j-^ nd movdfik.
Unlimited, J^ ^ bee hud.
Unloose, v., ^Js\> baz karden.
Unmanagable, J^> sarkash.
Unmanly, ii\*j»\i nd marddneh.
Hi
Unmarried, z>js* majurrud.
Unmeaning, (J3u <ji bee ma'anee.
Unmerciful, **, ^j bee rah'm.
Unnamed, sj^o'o _^j _»,l ^ bee ism
o rasm nandmideh.
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VOCABULARY. 215
Unnatural,(j^> j^- gheir i tabee-i.
Unnecessary, *p U ndlazeem.
Unneighbourly, ^j*** <-*^ Tcheldf
hamjavaree.
Unobstructed, *JL% beta mane*.
Unoffending, ~U haleem.
Unowned, c-o-U ^ bee sahib.
Unperceived, *J-U o«Ju multqfat
ne shudeh.
Unpleasant (personage), JJ o^^»goosht tulkh.
Unpolite, v-jI ^ free adab.
Unprejudiced, <-i>J* ^jbee taraf.
Unpretending, U>Xi ^ bee takleef.
Unprincipled, oi^ ^jbee hakeekat.
Unprofitable, «JoU ^ bee fdyedeh.
Unpropitious, ^^ nahss.
Unprotected, ^^ bee Kami.
Unproved, oj^^-c gheir-i-sabit.
Unquestionable, ^J,^^L> bela-hurf ;
dLi.}lj bela-shuk.
Unreasonable, *-?j-o j-*-* gheir- i-
movajeh.
Unreceived, sjJLi J^J kabool i\e
shud eh.
Unresisted. See Unobstructed.
Unrestrained, \uA\ jlU. mutlak el
enun.
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216 TOCABULAET.
Unrevenged, jJJ^j^"ki taldfi ne
shudeh.
Unrighteous, ^.J^ beedeen.
Unripe, »Ju-y ne-reseedeh.
Unsafe, ^1 li nd dmn.
Unsatisfactory, s^u> j-p gheir i
matboo\
Unseasonable, *3y> ^ bee mo'ke'.
Unskilled, a^- ^j bee serishteh.
Unsound, j^\ ^jbee itibdr.
Unsociable, ^*^=J.i ^j bee dilgarmee.
Unspeakable, {J^=*> nugufbanee.
Unspecified, . . j—» j-^ ghair-i-
mo'ayen.
Unsteady, xlc, ra'asheh.
Unsubdued, j£~* j-** gheir i mo-
sakhar.
Unsuccessful,^?^U^c gheir i moasser.
Unsuitable, .u-^li U nd shayesteh.
Unsupported, Uj> bee pd ; <sL^»
{jbee komek.
Untasted, sJ^-i^. b nd chesheedeh.
Unthinking,JJ^ bee fikr ; JLsj? bee
khidl.
Untie, v., o^j^- baz kardan.
Until, b' td.
Untimely, uw»j*j bee vakt.
Untouched, isj o— .i dust ne zadeh.
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VOCABULARY. 217
Untrained, -iw ^ bee ta'aleem.
Untried, 5«xl> ^ja tajrubeh ne shu-
deh.
Untrue, ja. 13 nd hale.
Unusual, »J^l£ t-J^U. kheld.fi kd'adeh.
Unwashed, ax~«£> U nd shusteh.
Unwilling, ^\j U nd rdzi.
Unwise, ^b U ii« daw.
Unworthy, Jsr**-*U na mustahak.
Upbraid, v., *f J^j j- sar zanesh
kardan.
Uphold, v., i>\inz+>.yotu'kveeatdadan.
Upon,^ bar ; VU bald.
Upright, e~- j rust.
Uproar, Jls j J-5 fceeZ o HL
Upside-down, j>.j\j~>sar a zeer.
Urge, v., z>fj\j*\ isrdr kardan.
Urgent, jji^izaroor.
Usage, sJfiU' kd'adeh.
Use, JUa^-1 isWrnal.
Used, J »»-•»« musta'mil.
Useful, >M- mufeed.
Useless, »J^'i ^ bee fayedeh.
Usual, J_y»«-ma'amool.
Usury, \>jriba.
Utensil, <-Jj& zarf; oVI dldt.
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218 VOCABULABY.
Utility, sJok fdyedeh.
Utterly, LW tamdman.
V.
Vacancy, ojk. Ichilvat.
Vacant, ^U. khdli.
Vagabond, (jitjl obdsh.
Vague, ..&- rnobhim.
Vain (in), u~-^ •ij*khud parast.
Vainly, sJoU ^ betafdyedeh; »Ji'«s ^bee fdyedeh.
Valet, i^y* (_£!/ ferrash i khelvat.
Valiant, sis1 slmjd'.
Valid, ^s->saheehh.
Valley, »;»>derreh.
Valuable, o^i kaimati.
Value (put price on), ^., c,j/"
ka'imat Jcardan.
Vanguard, ^-i. ui~-£ peesh khaymeh.
Vanish, v., ^J^> Aya* rnafkood shu-
dan.
Vanquish, v., ^J'^ fat'h Tcardan ;
£&]& c^—^3. shekest dddan.
Variable, ^\j t-J^bi.1 ikhtildf-i-rd ee.
Variety, v., ys»ljjf
'
goonagoon.
Vault, jlk tdk.
Vaunt, v., gdj i-iV laf zadan.
Veal, £\~t^yz~Z>^gooshl-i-gosaleh.
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VOCABULAET.219
Vegetable, ,jjf*subzee.
Veil, ^>3j rooband.
Vein, <3j rag.
Vellum, >»! o-# poost-i-ahoo.
Velocity, ^J^ tundee ; ^>V sura'at.
Velvet, J-*i" makhmal.
Venerate, v., &ato p* muUirim
dashtan.
Veneration, fSf*-\ihtirdm.
Vengeance, J"^ telafi.
Venison,J& ci/ goosht-i-shikar.
Venture, «., d^jW jessdrat fear-
daw.
Venturous,j^~* jassoor.
Venus, «y»jzuhreh.
Verbal, Jl>j zebawee.
Verbose, r^J> tool-i-keldm.
Verdigris, j&j zengfar.
Verification, j^ tahkeek.
Verily, s^^ /*•' hakeekat.
Verjuice, *,jfc v^ db % ghooreh.
Vermillion, ^J^ shunjurf.
Vernal, ^W behari.
Verse,^*i>shi'ir.
Very,j^~> bisyar.
Vessel, i*> zwrf; (ship), j^Skeshti.
Viands, el^y.khorak.
Vice, ^ir" sherdrat.
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220 YOCABULAEY.
Vicegerent, {:J^ U. jd nesheen.
Vicinity, ^t^J nazdeekee.
Victim, ^j> korban.
Victor, L_Jli ghdlib.
Victory, ^p faith.
Victuals, d\,y» khoorak.
View, v., ^Jo^ deedan; ^J*> nazar
kardan ; sfs& nigah kardan.
View, s.,j\oj nazar.
Vigilance, ^Li^j, hosTi/ydri.
Vigorous, ^5 kavee ; &+j}j zoor-
rnund.
Vile, ^4-J kabeeh.
Vilify,!'., ^^S'j.lijobadndm kardan.
Village, »^ deh.
Villager, J>]
*>* dehdtee.
Villain, jal^L*. haramzadeh.
Villainous, e)l^ ndpdk.
Vindicate, o^j^9 «^» hemdyatkardan.
Vindictive, ^^fkeenehver .
Vine, ^» mo.
Vinegar, £j~> serkeh.
Violate, &*fj<^ tejavuz kardan;
^^yoiiJ mtfes kardan.
Violence, ^ zoor.
Violet, iikj benefsheh.
Viper, ig^jca^L mar-i-ja'aferi.
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VOCABULAKY. 221
Virgin, tjS»\i bakereh.
Virtually, UgJ*. hakeekatan.
Virtue, y* honur.
Virtuous, jj^/a honurmund.
Virulence, <^«^> shiddut.
Virulent, cjj^>Ij bashiddut.
Vision, Jaj nuzur.
Visit, s., ols^L muldkat ; *>_z
deedan ; ^>j\j zidrat.
Visit, v., ^j^» cjIs^L* mulakdtkardan.
Vitriol, J\j zdj.
Vivacious, yJ>J> firz.
Vizier, j>.)^ vazeer.
Vocabulary, o*! loghat.
Vogue, -Ajj ravdj ; (in), v^ bab.
Voice, 1j-> sedd ; jljl dwdz.
Void, adj., ^JU.khdli.
Void, v., ^^T JIjU o«£^ Jcardan.
Volcano, a lii(jtj'l »jS" kooh i dtesh
feshdn.
Volley, isUi sheleek.
Volume, ^xla. jild.
Voluntary, jy? tji* klxud bekhud.
Volunteer, aJL j ^ do talabeh.
Vomit, v., &*/&> ,_/ bay kardan;
uj^T'jKas-.l istifrdgh kardan.
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222 VOCABULARY.
Vouch, v., gjdlj o^l^-i. shehddatdadan.
Vow, s., jjj nuzr.
Vow, v., ^sjfjSj nuzr kardan.
Voyage, ^-i safar ; lSjIj^ bdzdri.
Vulgar, J.jt JU m«Z i awdm.
Vulture, j^i-*^ Idshkhur.
W.
Wafer, t^~»i l*^ surchusp kha-
meeri.
Wag, ~y^ shookh.
Wager, jj^gero.
Wages, t—^-\_y° movdjib.
Wail, v., ^.^Talli ndleh kardan.
Waggish, ±yU shookh.
Waggon, J^\i barkash.
Waist, jSkam&r.Wait, v., ^i>fj~o subr kardan.
Wake, v., &*j\j~> beedar shudan.
Walk, v., ^j »^Uj piddeh raftan.
Walkingstick o-»^ y^ clwob-i-
dust; L»t 'asd.
Wall, j\y_s deevdr.
Wallflower, y t-~i shub-boo.
Walnut, j^girdao.
Wander, r., oi/^" ^^j^9 9^rdesh
kardan.
Want, v., ^^-^j* khdstan.
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VOCABULARY.
Want, s., jt»ly- Tchahish.
War, eU=. jung.
Wardrobe, a^^j* doldbcheh.
Ware, y-^. jmss.
Warm, ^gwrw; (climate) , >*-
gfitrm seer.
Warm, v., ^/f^wm kardan '
Warmth, ^fgurmee.Warn, v., o«^^ kliabar dadan.
Warrant, J^-» sanad.
Wart, JjljzeZooZ ,• J«£j vig&*
Wary, tW^ ^->»^» sa/ilb ihtidt.
Was, ^ boocL
Wash, v., .-^—^ shustan.
223
dead), j^A »*r*Washer (of the
murdeh shoor.
Washerman, y. o», rufc7ii *fto.
Waste, v., c»/ Plr7tarim fcardan ;
c" 1 kjJB tafreet.
Waste (desert), ^Vri beeahan.
Watch, o*L- sa'at.
Watch (guard), v., c-s/^W 2>«ss-
bani kardan.
Watchman, cV-lj ptfssbatt.
Water, ±A ab ; (running), gig, **>\
ab-i-rowan; ^U ±>\ db-i-jdri ;
(salt),^ Ml «b-i-s7ioor; (warm),
^ M* ab-i-gurm; (spring of).
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224 YOCABTJLAEY.
c_>1 u»*..% cheshmeh-i-db ; (closet),
JL. mdbdl ; u->1 jU-T kenar-i-ab ;
(watering pot), (_pb u*l a& pas7i ;
(barley), j-^ »U md-i-shaeer ;
(to pour out), ^^ k_>1 ftb reekh-
tan; (cresses), ^l»_j»5)U boldhooty ;
(carrier), Lfl— sakka ; (melon),
joljjt^fchindooaneh.
Wave, --^o mdj.
Wax, ^ moom.
Way, »];raTi.
Weak, j»j J kam zoor ; oy ^hoovat ; ^J>t«* zdeef.
Wealth, cJj.j dowlat.
bee
Weapon, o^l «Z«t.
Wear, «., ^J*^ poosheedan.
Wear out, v., ^^T *£ kuhneh Car-
dan.
Weariness, (J£L~» khastagee; ^fi^^*
mandegee.
Weary, ax—*, khasta.
Weasel, *,^-U mdsooreh.
Weather, 1_>*hawa.
Weave, v., ja\> bdftan.
Web,jy toor.
Wedge, tjfgo-eh ; 156 gdveh.
Weed, ijj*v-ilt 'alaf harzeh.
Week, km, hafteh.
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VOCABULABY. 22.')
Weep, v., !>f*fgaryeh kardan.
Weigh, v., s^kasheedan ; &*/oJ3
vuzn kardan ; ±f oV kapdn
kardan.
Weight, )3 vuzn.
Welcome (you are), inter., ^.x>\ ,»khosh amddeed.
Welfare, yj**-^.behboodee.
Well (cistern), s., »U- chdh.
Well (in health), adj., J>y» khosh ;
(_j>3>-khoob.
Well, adv., ,jij& fcTiosfc ; eti neefc.
Well-bred, vrf* najeeb.
Well done ! ^./l dfareen.
Well-natured, ,3'* u->* fclW«A khulk,
Well-wisher, *lj»j^« khayr khdh.
West, M/«* mughreb.
Wet, adj.,j> tur.
Wet, v., o^jO *wr kardan.
What, **. c/ie7i.
Whatever, **/» harcheh.
Wheat, (.xT'^aiidooHi.
Wheel, £/*churkh.
When, J'kay.Whence, V ;1 az fctt/fl.
Whenever, *3^»«y» ha/r vukt i keh.
Where, \*fkuja ; f koo.
Whereas, gj$ choon.
Q
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226 VOCABULARY.
Wherefore, I J^3 lehazd ; &$=* a \ jl dz
dnjahat.
Wherever, U? >» hur Tcujd ; t& U. y*
7utr jd-i-keh.
Whet, v., *Jsi teez kardan.
Whether, \A dyd.
Whetstone, uL sU- sang i sab.
Whey (curds, &c), cj^ ±>\ db-oo-
doogh.
Which,- *\ST kuddm ; (that which),
as:! dncheh ; aSol a?i keh.
Whichever, -1 j5^.» hur kudam.
Whine, v., ^jJU naleedan.
Whirlpool, i->^f girddb.
Whirlwind, jW^I loolehbdd.
Whisper, s., l^si nujvd.
Whisper, v., cpS^ J^^$ too gooshguftan.
Whistle, s., o_j-» soot.
Whistle, v., ^.sj ojw soot zadan.
White, »Mw safeed.
White ant, <ul^* mooryaneh.
White-lead, *te <^\jJu, sefeedab-i-
kal'e.
Whiteness, ^jJJ>~t safeedee.
Whither, \J kujd.
Who, £kee.
Whole, -Uj tamdm; \-~s- ^ bee 'ayb.
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VOCABTJLAET. 227
Wholesome^L sazegdr ; ^\jndfe'.
Wholly, UUj tamdmdn.
Whom, \j^keerd; (to), a£ bekee.
Whosoever, S'jt liar Jceh.
Why, 1^ chird ; a* ^ berai die ;
i*. l#£ bejaheti die.
Wick, J~9 fateel.
Wicked, Jo bad ; jj/. sheroor.
Wickedness, ojl/i sherdrat.
Wicker, o^-» sabat.
Wide, u^ 'areez ; Wj pahnd.
Widen, r., :>fj».f- 'areez hardan.
Widow, s_)jobeeveh.
Width, J\iy pahnaee; J>j- arz.
Wife, c)zun ; *+j) zdjeh.
Wild, J^-s vafishee.
Wile, dLa. heeleli.
Wilful, l5^^- Tchudra'ee.
Will, s., •>!,« murdd; (testament),
xe\> ^~<>) vaseeat ndmeh.
Will, v., er-'^ khastan.
Willing, ^\j razee ; (volens nolens),
sly: s)y£ bekhdh nekhah; (God will-
ing), Jjk1
^. 1J* khodd bekhdhad ;
dill *l£3l insJia' allah.
Willingness, ooU, rezayat.
Willow, Ju-> beed.
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228 VOCABTTLAEY.
Win, v., ±j>burdan.
Wind, s.,^U bad.
Wind, v., oJ^i peecheedan ; (a
watch), ^6jTkook kardan.
Windfall, ^b Ijo. khodd dad.
Window, gjM panjareh.
Wine, tjl/j sherdb.
Wing, Jl> bdl; -U* jenahh.
Wink, v., tj **j> j^a.cheshm bar
hum zadan; (wink at, connive),
^ju-ijj *£» cheshm poosheedan ;
$J~^j>\+s\ ighmaz Icardan.
Winter, ^Is—j zemestdn.
Wire, *~- seem.
Wisdom,^ytJ. s/ie'oor; jKcafcZ; u&lo
ddnesh.
Wise, J?W Tcdbil ; jy& l> b# s/ie'oor;
jo*£J|.j daneshmund ; Jac t_-*L>
Wisely, aj^jU 'dkelaneh.
Wish, s., (jtikl^i.Tchahesh.
Wish, v., Juwkj^i. Ichdheshmund.
Wit, £J-shookh.
With, l» &a.
Withdraw, «., ^^T jl? &#z giriftan ;
(retire), C^~^J »_-Sc'afca& neshestan.
Wither, v., ^J^ s^ )> pezh murdeh
shudan ; ^J^ii. khiishkeedcm.
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VOCABULARY. 229
Within, j* dur;j£>\ andur.
Without, ^ bee; (outside), ^.
beyroon.
Withstand, v., *fJ^*^~>\ istddegee
Icardan.
Witness, J^^> shdhed.
Wolf, tifgurg.
Woman, OJ zun.
Wonder, s., u^ 'ajab.
Wonder, v., s-^" ta'ajub Icardan.
Wood, mj* choob; (firewood), ,»>»
heezoom; a*«* heemeh ; (forest),
J3ca. jungul.
Wool, f^i 'puslim.
Woollen, iJ~-i pushmee.
Word, aJT kilemeh; U lufz ; (by
word), <**£ ^kilemeh be kilemeh;
(of God), d\ ^kildm ullah; (to
keep one's) ^sib «K> Jy fcol negdh
ddshtan.
Wovk,jVkdr.
Work, «., sfJ(kdr kardan.
Workman, A*e amaleh ; &a fa-'aleh.
World, ejWM^i ^ dUm; ^dunya.
Worldly, ^jj* dunyavee.
Worm, (.jTkirm.
Wormwood, a*i~i\ afsantine.
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230 VOCABULARY.
Worn, u-?^ malbooss ; *<x-£>ji poo-
sheedeh ; (worn out), J**!-* mus-
ta'mil ; LliLiI iskat.
Worship, s., o^l-^ ebadet ; \J^~>yv
perestesh.
Worship, v., &<*~~>jj peresteedan.
Worshipper (of fire), c=~^ ySJ'1 ates/i
~y,L_)parast; (of the sun),
a/iab parast.
Worth, cx-5 Icaymat; Ji^l arzesh.
Worthless, o-j j)ust ; oo-S ^ 6ee
kaymat ; j»j» ^-?free khud.
Worthy, jljlj- sezavar ; JjV Zayifc ;
js:u~* mustahak.
Wound, s., j^jzakhm.
Wound, v., ^^T *ij zakhm kardan.
Wrap, v., ^J^ peecheedan.
Wrapper, asU) lefafeh ; -*=*? bukcheh.
Wrath, t-j—ac ghuzab.
Wreath, s^». chunbareh.
Wrestle, v., ^r\-J^kushti kardan.
Wretch, ^-C- mws&een.
Wring, v., ^^iil dfshurdan.
Wrinkle, (^ cheen.
Wrist, ^omuch.
Write, v., &&y nevishtan; *fj*
cri-i,b markoom ddshtan ; j-ij-£
0&$ tah/re&r kardan.
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VOCABTJLAEY.231
Writing, ^y nevishteh; f,ruk-
kum, ; jtj* tahreer.
Wrong, s. ,-& zulm ; ^ nahakk.
Wrong, v. *f',JJ*zulm kardan.
Wrongfully, j»^i nahakk.
Wrought, <u»l-> sakhteh.
Y.
Yard, s,3 zw'e.
Yawn, s., ^W- khamyazeh.
Yawn, t'., c)aair*jW khamyazeh
kesheedan.
Year, JU s«Z.
Yearly, ajUL. salyaneh.
Year (by year), JI-? J^~» sal be sal.
Yellow, s>y}zurd.
Yes, ^ beZZi ; ^? beZZift ; gj|l«r»-
Yesterday, jjji*dierooz.
Yet, Cl am-ma; jQ laykin.
Yoke (for oxen), o«* 3110 fc*.
Yolk (of an egg), **,jzurdeh.
You, U-ii shumd.
Young, tflja. iavort.
Youth, J\j» javuni.
Z.
Zeal, c^i ghayrat;
Zealous, oj-fclj baghayrat.
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232 YOCABIILAET.
naseem.Zephyr, *~~i
Zest, *j*muzzeh.
Zigzag, J*3 ^peeclx valchem.
Zinc, —jj roohh.
Zodiac, -y? s3j\j* doazdeh burj.
Zone, sj>\i dayereh.
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