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Peripherals
Definition
Peripherals are pieces of hardware that you add
to your computer.
All components that do not make up the
motherboard are considered peripheral devices.
To keep things simple, we will consider any
component outside of the main box a peripheral
device.
Input/Output
No matter how powerful the components inside
your computer are, you need a way to interact
with them. This interaction is called
input/output (I/O).
The most common types of I/O in PCs are:
Display
Keyboard
Mouse
Removable storage
Display
The display is the primary device for displaying
information from the computer.
Often referred to as a monitor when packaged
in a separate case, the display is the most-used
output device on a computer. The display
provides instant feedback by showing you text
and graphic images as you work or play.
Important Features
liquid crystal display (LCD) vs. cathode ray tube
(CRT)
Resolution refers to the number of individual
dots of color, known as pixels, contained on a
display.
identified by the number of pixels on the horizontal
axis (rows) and the number on the vertical axis
(columns), such as 800x600.
Aspect Ratio and Viewable Area
Two measures describe the size of your display: the aspect ratio and the screen size. Historically, computer displays, like most televisions, have had an aspect ratio of 4:3. This means that the ratio of the width of the display screen to the height is 4 to 3. For widescreen LCD monitors, the aspect ratio is 16:9 (or sometimes 16:10 or 15:9).
For LCD’s, the aspect ratio is equal to the screen size.
Touch Screen
A touchscreen is an electronic visual display that
the user can control through simple or multi-
touch gestures by touching the screen with a
special stylus/pen and-or one or more fingers.
Some touchscreens use an ordinary or specially
coated gloves to work while others use a special
stylus/pen only. The user can use the
touchscreen to react to what is displayed and to
control how it is displayed
Keyboard
The keyboard is the primary device for entering information into the computer.
When you look at all the extras and options that are available for new computer keyboards, it can be hard to believe that their original design came from mechanical typewriters that didn't even use electricity.
Now, you can buy ergonomic keyboards that bear little resemblance to flat, rectangular models with ordinary square keys. Some flashier models light up, roll up or fold up, and others offer options for programming your own commands and shortcuts.
Pointing Device (mouse)
The mouse is the primary device for navigating and interacting with the computer.
Mice first broke onto the public stage with the introduction of the Apple Macintosh in 1984, and since then they have helped to completely redefine the way we use computers.
Every day of your computing life, you reach out for your mouse whenever you want to move your cursor or activate something. Your mouse senses your motion and your clicks and sends them to the computer so it can respond appropriately.
Removable storage
Removable storage devices allow you to add
new information to your computer very easily,
as well as save information that you want to
carry to a different location.
Four main types:
Floppy disk: The most common form of removable
storage, floppy disks are extremely inexpensive and
easy to save information to.
CD-ROM (compact disc, read-only memory): is a popular form of distribution of commercial software. Many systems now offer CD-R (recordable) and CD-RW (rewritable), which can also record.
DVD-ROM (digital versatile disc, read-only memory): is similar to CD-ROM but is capable of holding much more information. (nearly 7 times more). Also available with –R and –RW capabilities. These drives allow to read and write to both DVD and CD formats.
Flash memory: Based on a type of ROM called
electrically erasable programmable read-
only memory (EEPROM), Flash memory
provides fast, permanent storage. CompactFlash,
SmartMedia and PCMCIA cards are all types of
Flash memory.
Ports
Parallel - This port is commonly used to
connect a printer or scanner.
Serial - This port is typically used to connect an
external modem.
Universal Serial Bus (USB) - Quickly
becoming the most popular external connection,
USB ports offer power and versatility and are
incredibly easy to use.
FireWire (IEEE 1394) - FireWire is a very
popular method of connecting digital-video
devices, such as camcorders or digital cameras,
to your computer.
Other Peripherals Printers
Scanners
Speakers
Gaming devices: gamepads, sidewinder, headsets
Webcams
Graphic tablets
Midi devices: keyboards and other instruments