Periodic Trends Periodic law states that elements are arranged by their atomic numbers with similar...
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Transcript of Periodic Trends Periodic law states that elements are arranged by their atomic numbers with similar...
![Page 1: Periodic Trends Periodic law states that elements are arranged by their atomic numbers with similar properties occuring at regular intervals.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cc15503460f94989444/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Periodic Trends
Periodic law states that elements are arranged by
their atomic numbers with similar properties
occuring at regular intervals.
![Page 2: Periodic Trends Periodic law states that elements are arranged by their atomic numbers with similar properties occuring at regular intervals.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cc15503460f94989444/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Periodic Trends Periodic law states that elements are arranged by their atomic numbers with similar properties occuring at regular intervals.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649cc15503460f94989444/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Definition: Half of the distance between nuclei in covalently bonded diatomic molecule Radius decreases across a period more p+ and e- for stronger magnetism.
Radius increases down a group Each row on the periodic table adds a “shell” or energy level to the atom
Atomic Radius
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Table of Atomic
Radii
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Period Trend:Atomic Radius
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Tends to increase across a period As radius decreases across a period, the electron you are removing is closer to the nucleus and harder to remove
Tends to decrease down a group Outer electrons are farther from the nucleus and easier to remove
Ionization Energy
Definition: the energy required to remove an electron from an atom
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Periodic Trend:Ionization
Energy
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Electronegativity
Definition: A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
o Electronegativity tends to increase across a periodo As radius decreases, electrons get closer to the bonding atom’s nucleus
o Electronegativity tends to decrease down a group or remain the sameo As radius increases, electrons are farther from the bonding atom’s nucleus
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Periodic Table of Electronegativities
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Periodic Trend:Electronegativi
ty
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Electron Affinity
Definition: the amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion.
o Electron affinity tends to increase across a periodo The closer to the nobel gases the closer to being happy.
o Electron affinity tends to decrease down a group. If you add electrons as you go down you have more shells and it is farther away from the nucleus.
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Periodic Trend:Electron Affinity
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Summary of Periodic Trends