Periodic TablePeriodic TableVocabularyVocabulary

Periodic TablePeriodic TableVocabularyVocabulary

2012-132012-132012-132012-13

Periodic TrendPeriodic TrendPeriodic TrendPeriodic Trend

a predictable pattern of gradual change of certain properties of elements to increase or decrease as one progresses across a row or down a column

a predictable pattern of gradual change of certain properties of elements to increase or decrease as one progresses across a row or down a column

groups/familiesgroups/familiesgroups/familiesgroups/families

vertical columns on the periodic table

have similar properties; “like brothers and sisters”

18 groups

vertical columns on the periodic table

have similar properties; “like brothers and sisters”

18 groups

PeriodsPeriodsPeriodsPeriods

Horizontal rows on periodic table

properties change gradually, but predictably as you go across the row

“like cousins”

7 periods

Horizontal rows on periodic table

properties change gradually, but predictably as you go across the row

“like cousins”

7 periods

Atomic numberAtomic numberAtomic numberAtomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Valence ElectronsValence ElectronsValence ElectronsValence Electrons

the electrons on the outermost energy level (shell, orbital)

determines reactivity

the closer to a full shell, the less reactive

the electrons on the outermost energy level (shell, orbital)

determines reactivity

the closer to a full shell, the less reactive

ReactivityReactivityReactivityReactivity

the tendency for an element or substance to undergo a chemical reaction, either by itself or with another substance

the tendency for an element or substance to undergo a chemical reaction, either by itself or with another substance

Metals Metals Metals Metals

elements that:

✴ have luster

✴ are good conductors of heat and electricity

✴ are malleable (can be flattened into sheets)

✴ are ductile (can be stretched into wires)

found on the left side of the “staircase” on the periodic table

elements that:

✴ have luster

✴ are good conductors of heat and electricity

✴ are malleable (can be flattened into sheets)

✴ are ductile (can be stretched into wires)

found on the left side of the “staircase” on the periodic table

Nonmetals Nonmetals Nonmetals Nonmetals

elements that:

✴ are usually gases or brittle solids

✴ are poor conductors of heat and electricity

found on the right side of the “staircase” on the periodic table

elements that:

✴ are usually gases or brittle solids

✴ are poor conductors of heat and electricity

found on the right side of the “staircase” on the periodic table

Metalloids Metalloids Metalloids Metalloids

elements that:

✴ have different properties of both metals and nonmetals

Often semiconductors

sometimes called “semimetals”

found touching the “staircase” on the periodic table

elements that:

✴ have different properties of both metals and nonmetals

Often semiconductors

sometimes called “semimetals”

found touching the “staircase” on the periodic table