Periodic Table Trends Periodic Table Trends Objectives: I can predict chemical reactivity for an...
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Transcript of Periodic Table Trends Periodic Table Trends Objectives: I can predict chemical reactivity for an...
Periodic Table Trends Periodic Table Trends Objectives:•I can predict chemical reactivity for an element based on its number of valence electrons and location on periodic table. •I can predict the charge for an element (ion) to reach maximum stability. •I can distinguish between metallic and non-metallic properties. •I can understand how the periodic table was organized by Mendeleev and Moseley.•I can graph and interpret periodic trends.
Chemistry 1/8/14Chemistry 1/8/14Objectives:Review Classroom ExpectationsAnalyze first semester grades.Review Chemical Stability ConceptsChemistry Midterm make-ups addressed
ASAP
Homework:Classroom Expectation Hand-out
signed/returned.Complete Chemical Stability Worksheet
ICP: /8/13ICP: /8/13Objectives:Review Classroom ExpectationsAnalyze first semester grades.Motion on Graph WorksheetChemistry Midterm make-ups addressed
ASAP
Homework:Student/Parent sign Classroom Expecation
Hand-outComplete Motion on Graph Worksheet
Chemistry 1/10/14Chemistry 1/10/14Objectives:Analyze first semester grades.Review Periodic Trends GraphsReview Chemical Stability Concepts
Homework:Classroom Expectation Hand-out
signed/returned.Complete Chemical Stability Worksheet
Analyze First Semester Analyze First Semester GradesGradesAddress reasons for scores.Address your graphs
Periodic Properties and Periodic Properties and TrendsTrendsAtomic Radius:
-Size of an atom.
-The distance from the nucleus to the outermost energy level in picometers, pm. (1pm = 1x10-12 m)
Ionization Energy:-The amount of energy needed to remove a valence electron
from an atom. -The amount of energy needed to overcome the attractive
force the ve- has with protons in the nucleus. -Energy required for an atom to become a cation, more
stable. Electronegativity: -The degree of attraction one atom’s protons has toward
another atom’s ve-.-Determines the type of bond between the atoms, ionic or
covalent.
Chemistry 1/13/14Chemistry 1/13/14Due: Chemical Stability Cross Word PuzzleClassroom Expectation Hand-Out signed.
Objectives:Review Chemical Stability ConceptsReview Periodic Trends Graphs
Homework:Periodic Table Worksheet
Chemical Stability Chemical Stability WorksheetWorksheet
Periodic Trends: Atomic Periodic Trends: Atomic RadiusRadius
Across a Period•Decreases
Down a Group•Increases
Periodic Table : Atomic Periodic Table : Atomic RadiusRadius
Periodic Trends: Ionization Periodic Trends: Ionization EnergyEnergy
Across a Period: •Increases
Down a Group:•Decreases
Periodic Trend: Periodic Trend: ElectronegativityElectronegativity
mmsphyschem.com
Across a Period:•Increases exceptnoble gases.
Down a Group: •Decreases except for noble gases.
Electronegativity and Chemical Electronegativity and Chemical BondingBonding•Do metals or non-metals have a greater electronegativity value?
Periodic Trends AnalysisPeriodic Trends AnalysisTo determine why your
term(atomic radius, ionization energy, or electronegativity) exhibits this trend across a period and down a group.
Think about the definition of your term and how it is affected across a period and down a group.
Periodic Trend ValuesPeriodic Trend Values
1. Use your atomic radius graph to rank the following elements in increasing atomic radius. Cl, Mg, Al, Na
2. Use your ionization energy graph to rank the following elements in decreasing ionization energy. Ba, Mg, Ca, Be
Chemical StabilityChemical StabilityOctet Rule: Atoms will gain, lose, or share valence
electrons to reach maximum stability.
What is maximum stability for most atoms?
8 valence electrons (ve-)Exceptions: H and He max. stability = 2 ve-
How do atoms achieve stability ? Atoms chemically bonding with other atoms.Formation of diverse compounds in nature.
Chemical Stability: Octet Chemical Stability: Octet RuleRuleMetals will lose ve- to reach stability.
Form a cation (+ charged)
Non-metals will gain ve- to reach stability.Form an anion (- charged)
www.teacherfurse.com
http://www.green-planet-solar-energy.com/the-element-chlorine.html
Chemical Stability-KeyChemical Stability-KeyDetermine what type of charge each
element below would form to reach maximum stability.
a. Sodium Na1+
b. Oxygen O2-
c. Argon Ard. Phosphorus p3-
e.Chromium Cr2+
Size of an IonSize of an IonUse the diagram below to determine what happens to the size of a neutral atom(parent atom) when it becomes an ion.
Size of a CationSize of a CationWhy is the cation smaller than its parent atom (neutral)?
Size of a CationSize of a CationA cation is smaller than its parent atom.Why? Because metals will lose an energy level in the process of becoming a cation.
Size of an AnionSize of an AnionWhy is an anion larger than its parent atom?
Size of an AnionSize of an AnionA anion is larger than its parent isotope. Why? Repulsion force increases as more electrons are added to the outer most energy level. Swells the energy level.
Size of IonsSize of Ions
1. Circle the atom that is larger in size.a. Ca or Ca2+
b. S or S2-
2. Circle the atom that is smaller in size.
a. Al or Al3+
b. N or N 3-