Periodic Table Review
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Transcript of Periodic Table Review
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Periodic Table Review
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Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, U
Which of the above elements is a noble gas? He, Xe
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What is the charge of the following ion: Lead IV
+4 (Roman numeral tells you the positive charge)
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What are group 1 elements called?
Alkali Metals
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How did Henry Moseley arrange elements on the Periodic Table?
Increasing atomic NUMBER
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Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.
Li, O, C, F, N
Li, C, N, O, F
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What is the charge of the following ion: sodium
+1 (b/c it is in group 1)
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State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for first ionization energy.
DECREASES
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Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.
Mg, Cl, Na, P
Na, Mg, P, Cl
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________ is the measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons.
Electronegativity
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What is the ending of all monatomic anions?
ide
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Suppose lithium formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a lithium ion have?
Li+1 (lost 1 e-) 3 protons & 2 electrons
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Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S,
Which of the above elements is a alkaline earth metal?
Ca
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Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first
ionization energy: Mg, Ba, Be
Be, Mg, Ba
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What group of elements are considered the most stable?
Noble Gases
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State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for electronegativity.
DECREASES
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Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.
Po, Se, O
O, Se, Po
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_____________ is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
first ionization energy
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where would you find elements with similar properties? Group or Period
GROUP
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Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.
Li, Rb, K, Na
Rb, K, Na, Li
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List 4 properties of metals.
Luster Good conductors of electricity Ductile Malleable High Melting points Solid, except Hg is a liquid Lose electrons
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State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for first ionization energy.
INCREASES
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What is the atomic number of nickel?
28
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Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first
ionization energy: Li, O, C, K, Ne, F
Ne, F, O, C, Li, K
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1. How did Dmitri Mendeleev arrange elements on the Periodic Table?
Increasing atomic MASS
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What is the charge of the following ion: bromide
-1 (b/c it is in group 17)
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What is the name of the Cl-1 ion?
ChlorIDE
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State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for atomic radius.
DECREASES
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What is the difference between a group and a period? List the number of groups and period.
Group = columns (#1-18) Periods = rows (#1-7)
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What element is in group 2 and period 2?
Be
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How are the elements arranged on the Periodic Table today?
Increasing atomic NUMBER
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What is an anion? Explain how they are formed.
Anion = negative ion b/c electron(s) were GAINED
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What is the atomic mass of lithium?
6.941 amu
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Where are the most active metals located?
Lower left corner of group 1 (Fr)
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The majority of elements in the periodic table are (metals or nonmetals).
Metals
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Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, U
Which of the following is a rare earth metal? U
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What is the charge of the following ion: aluminum
+3 (b/c it is in group 13)
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What element is in group 7 and period 4?
Mn
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What is the charge of the following ion: magnesium
+2 (b/c it is in group 2)
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Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first
ionization energy: Li, B, Rb, F, C
F, C, B, Li, Rb
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Suppose nitrogen formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a nitrogen ion have?
N-3 (gains 3 e-) 7 protons & 10 electrons
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Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, U
Which of the above elements is a non-metal?
P, S, Cl, He, I, Xe
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State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for electronegativity.
INCREASES
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What is the atomic number of bromine?
35
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Where are metalloids used?
Electronics- computers, calculators
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Group 17 elements are called?
Halogens
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List 4 properties of nonmetals.
No Luster Not good conductors of electricity Not Ductile Not Malleable Low Melting points Gain electrons
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Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.
Ga, Br, Ra, Ca
Br, Ga, Ca, Ra
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Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S,
Which of the above elements is an alkali metal? Li
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_____________ is half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms joined in a molecule.
atomic radius
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State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for atomic radius.
INCREASES
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Nonmetals can be solids, a liquid or 11 are gases under ordinary conditions. List the gases & liquid.
Gases = H, N, O, F, Cl & the noble gases
Liquid = Br
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What are group 2 elements called?
Alkaline Earth Metals
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A negative ion is (larger / smaller) than its parent atom. Why?
LARGER; b/c the atom GAINED electron(s)
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Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ge, P, S, Cl, I,
Which of the above elements is a halogen? Cl, I
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What is a metalloid?
Element that has properties of BOTH metals and nonmetals
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What is the name of the O-2 ion?
OxIDE
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Where are the most active nonmetals located?
Upper right corner of group 17 (F)
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As you go from left to right across the periodic table, the elements go from (metals / nonmetals) to (metals / nonmetals).
Metals; nonmetals
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Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S,
Which of the above elements is a metalloid? Ge
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The most active element in Group 17 is?
Fluorine (F)
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What is a cation? Explain how they are formed.
Cation = positive ion b/c electron(s) were LOST
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Group 18 elements are called? Why?
Noble Gases; b/c the contain 8 electrons in their outer energy level which gives them a stable electron configuration
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A positive ion is (larger / smaller) than its parent atom. Why?
SMALLER; b/c the atom LOST electron(s)
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The majority of elements in the periodic table are (metals / nonmetals).
Metals
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Compounds that contain elements from group 17 are commonly called?
Salts
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Suppose magnesium formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a magnesium ion have?
Mg+2 (lost 2 e-) 12 protons & 10 electrons
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What is the difference between a monatomic ion and a polyatomic ion?
Monatomic = ion formed from a single atom
Polyatomic = a group of bonded atoms with a charge
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An element with both metallic and nonmetallic properties is called a __________
Metalloid
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Suppose nitrogen formed an ion.
a) What is the charge of the N ion? _________
b) How many electrons does an N ion have?________
c) How many protons does an N ion have?_________
d) Write the name for the N ion.__________
-3
10
7Nitride
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Place the ionic charges for the following groups on the Periodic Table: group 1, group 2, group 3-12, group 13, group 14, group 15, group 16, group 17 and group 18
+1 +
2Mostly+2
+3
+4
-3-2-1
0
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Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl, I, He, Xe, U
Which of the above elements is a metal?
Li, Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, U
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Elements of Group 3-12 are called?
Transition Metals
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The noble gases contain _______ electrons in their outer energy level.
8
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Metals are usually solids under ordinary conditions. List one exception.
Hg (mercury) is a liquid
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What are groups 3-12 elements called?
Transistion Metals
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Elements in the periodic table are arranged according to their ___________
Increasing atomic number
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Ca, Y, Mn, Hg, Ga, Pb, Ge, P, S, Cl,
Which of the above elements is a transition metal?
Y, Mn, Hg
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As you go from left to right across the periodic table, the elements go from (metals / nonmetals) to (metals / nonmetals).
Metals; nonmetals