Performance Measures for Pavement Assets under Performance Based … · 2015-06-04 · Pavement...
Transcript of Performance Measures for Pavement Assets under Performance Based … · 2015-06-04 · Pavement...
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Performance Measures for Pavement Assets under
Performance Based Contracts
Zaid Alyami, M.A.Sc., PMP., PhD (Candidate)
Susan L. Tighe, Ph.D, P.Eng.
Douglas D. Gransberg, PhD, PE
Maria Bianchin, P. Eng.
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OUTLINE • Introduction • Scope and Objective • Performance Measures and Goals • Performance Measures Review • Performance Monitoring • Recommended Performance Measures –
MTO • Advantages and Challenges • Conclusions
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INTRODUCTION
• Movement towards Performance Based Contracts (PBCs), a long term warranty contract
• PBC provides contractor with performance measures and required LOS that must be met over contract period
• Contractor determines how to achieve the specified LOS
• PBC tenure typically ranges from 3-10 years (up to 30 years)
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INTRODUCTION
• Performance measures continuously measured against
LOS as a basis for payment
• Therefore, performance measures are fundamental to the successful use of PBC
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SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
• Conduct a review of the following: PBC focusing on performance measures Performance measures employed by various
agencies in PBCs Agencies performance inputs to evaluate the
overall condition and asset management of road assets
Performance specifications implemented by Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO)
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SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE
• Framework for performance measures
monitoring • Recommended performance measures for use
in MTO’s PBC.
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PERFORMANCE MEASURES AND GOALS
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PERFORMANCE MEASURES
• Performance measures grouped into: Non-Pavement Performance Measures
• Non-pavement highway attributes such as signs, vegetation, lights, barriers etc
Pavement Performance Measures • Pavement attributes that indicates the condition or
performance of the pavement, such as rutting, cracking and skid resistance, etc
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PERFORMANCE MEASURES
• Pavement Performance Measures grouped into: Functional Performance Measures
• represent the demand on the road by the users • Ex. roughness, cracking, pothols, etc.
Safety Performance Measures • Contribute to a safe environment for road users • Ex. skid resistance, texture, rutting, etc.
Structural Performance Measures • Represent the service and remaining life of the road as a
function of traffic, environment, and material properties
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PERFORMANCE MEASURES • Effective Performance measure should consider
the following questions: [SAIC 2007] Specific? Measurable? Achievable? Results oriented? Timely? Meet the agency’s objectives and desires? Been measured before? Conflict with the agency’s standard specifications? Aim to improve performance?
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PERFORMANCE GOALS
• Also referred to as LOS, the targeted level or value to be achieved for the performance measure
• Must take care when establishing performance goals Not too high, resulting in high cost, nor too low,
resulting in poor quality
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PERFORMANCE GOALS
• Performance Goals: [NCHRP Synthesis 389 ] Base performance goal to that achieved by the In-
house staff Examine literature, procurement document and
contracting information of other agencies; compare to other provinces, states, and countries Conduct benchmarking studies Set a scale from 0-100 for each performance
measure and set the goal at 80
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PERFORMANCE MEASURES REVIEW
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Performance Measure Review
• Performance measures employed by other agencies in PBC
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Performance Measure Review
• Agencies’ pavement evaluation indices • Flexible Pavement
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Performance Measure Review
• Rigid Pavement
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Performance Measure Review
• Survey of 55 agencies (46 states and 9 Canadian Provinces) [NCHRP Synthesis 401]
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MTO PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
• Pavement with Warranty (PWW) Contractors bid on the pavement portion of the
project without the conventional specifications MTO does not prove the design; however, it
depends on the performance requirements during the warranty period
7-year warranty period
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MTO PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
• PWW performance requirements
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Performance Measure New Construction Rehabilitation/ Reconstruction
Roughness X X Rutting X X Friction X X
Coarse Aggregate Loss X X
Rippling X X Shoving X X Flushing X X Cracking X X Potholing X X
Warranty Period (Years) 7 7
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MTO PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
• Minimum Oversight (MinO) contracts Used for relatively small, low risk capital projects
such as shave and pave, microsurfacing, and surface treatment
MTO is responsible for assessing the roads’ performance over the warranty period
MTO has reported that the quality of the projects are comparable or at the same level of traditional contracts.
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MTO PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
• Performance Measures in (MinO) contracts
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Contract Type
Performance Measure Asphalt
Mix Type A
Asphalt Mix Type
B1
Asphalt Mix Type
B2
Micro-surfacing
Single and Double
Surface Treatment
Single
Surface Treatment
Double
Rutting X X X
Friction X X X X X X
Coarse Aggregate Loss X X X X X X
Rippling X X X
Shoving X
Flushing X X X X
Cracking Potholing X X X X
Joint Separation X X X
Delamination X
Streaking X X
Warranty Period (Years) 3 3 3 2 2 2
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RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE MEASURE FOR MTO
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RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE MEASURES
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Flexible Pavements Rigid Pavements Granular Shoulders
• Coarse Aggregate Loss • Cracking • Cross-Fall • Flushing • Ponding • Potholing • Ravelling • Roughness • Rutting • Skid Resistance • Structural Adequacy • Texture
• Cracking • Cross-Fall • Disintegrated Areas • Faulting • Joint Failure • Joint Sealant • Load Transfer Efficiency • Ponding • Roughness • Scaling • Skid resistance • Spalling • Structural adequacy • Texture
• Cross-Fall • Edge Drop-off • Ponding • Rutting • Shoulder Elevation • Stability • Wash Outs
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RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE MEASURES
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Performance Measure Flexible Rigid Granular Shoulder
: Automated/ semi-automated monitoring
Available
: Manual Monitoring Available
Comments
Coarse Aggregate Loss
Can be identified by imaging systems or using MTO Manual
for Condition Rating
Cracking
Cross-Fall
Can be identified by profiler systems
Disintegrated Areas
Can be identified by imaging systems Or using MTO
Manual for Condition Rating
Edge Drop-off
Faulting
Flushing
MTO Manual for Condition Rating
Joint Failure
Joint Sealant
Can be picked up by imaging systems
Load Transfer Efficiency
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Performance Measure Flexible Rigid Granular Shoulder
: Automated/ semi-automated monitoring
Available
: Manual Monitoring Available
Comments
Ponding
Can be picked up by imaging systems
Potholing
Ravelling
Roughness
Rutting
Scaling
identified by imaging systems Or using MTO Manual for
Condition Rating
Shoulder Elevation
Can be identified by profiler systems
Skid Resistance
Spalling
Can be identified by imaging systems Or using MTO Manual
for Condition Rating
Stability
Structural adequacy
Texture
Wash Outs
using MTO Manual for Condition Rating
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PERFORMANCE MONITORING
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PERFORMANCE MONITORING
• Major factor in the success of performance contracting
• Data collection requires time, effort, money to collect, store, retrieve, and use
• A monitoring system should be carefully developed and implemented
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MONITORING APPROACH • Monitoring and evaluation of performance
measures can be done by Agency monitoring:
• Responsible for monitoring periodically • Agency may use a random, unannounced inspection
Contractor Monitoring • Agency requires the contractor to present periodic reports
(monthly, annually etc.) of performance • Agency assure performance monitoring by joining the
contractor during data collection or scheduling random quality assurance evaluations
Independent Third Party • Added cost
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MONITORING FRAMEWORK
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Project Selection
Identify Performance Measures
Select Appropriate Warranty Period
Develop evaluation Methodology (Tools, Methods, Periods)
Choose Evaluation Approach (Agency, Contractor, Third Party)
Develop Contract Specification
Evaluate (Benefits/ Cost)
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ADVANTAGES TO PBCs
• Potential reduction in costs • Improved level of service (could cost more) • The transfer of risk to the contractor • More innovation • More integrated services • Enhanced asset management • Building a new industry • Achieving economies of scale
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CHALLENGES
• Lack of government support (legislative or executive branch)
• A significant change in culture (contracting agency and contractors)
• Adjustments to go from method to performance specifications
• Inadequate experience with PBC or a negative experience on the first try
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CHALLENGES • Challenges in estimating in-house and contractor
costs • Insufficient contractor capacity • Concern over loss of control over methods,
equipment, and material used • The need to secure substantial funds through the
budgetary process for large, multiyear contracts
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
• Performance measures are fundamental to the successful usage of PBCs
• Agencies employ unique sets of performance measures; Different project scale, warranty or contract period,
and overall strategic goal of the agency • There are common performance measures used by
agencies; Basis for developing recommended performance
measures
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Acknowledgement
• Highway Infrastructure Innovation Funding Program (HIIFP) from the Ministry of Transportation Ontario
• Centre of Pavement and Transportation Technology CPATT
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Performance Measures for Pavement Assets under
Performance Based Contracts Zaid Alyami, M.A.Sc., PMP., PhD (Candidate)
Susan L. Tighe, Ph.D, P.Eng.
Douglas D. Gransberg, PhD, PE
Maria Bianchin, P. Eng.