Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1
description
Transcript of Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1
![Page 1: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1 Students know the Sun is the major source of Earth’s energy, and provides the energy driving Earth’s weather and climate.
High School Science Proficiency Review
![Page 2: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Earth’s surface absorbs mainly which types of energy?
a. Ultraviolet light and x-rays
b. Infrared and visible light
c. Ultraviolet and infrared light
d. Visible and ultraviolet light
![Page 3: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Earth’s surface absorbs mainly which types of energy?
a. Ultraviolet light and x-rays
b. Infrared and visible light
c. Ultraviolet and infrared light
d. Visible and ultraviolet light
Most Ultraviolet (UV) is blocked by the ozone layer.
We can see visible light.
We can feel the warmth of infrared (IR).
![Page 4: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The energy source driving Earth’s weather comes from
a. the Earth’s core through heat conduction.b. release of radiant heat energy through volcanic activity.c. the Sun through electromagnetic radiation.d. the Moon through tides.
![Page 5: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The energy source driving Earth’s weather comes from
a. the Earth’s core through heat conduction.b. release of radiant heat energy through volcanic activity.c. the Sun through electromagnetic radiation.d. the Moon through tides.
The moon is only illuminated by the sun’s light, it does not produce energy.
![Page 6: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The energy source driving Earth’s weather comes from
a. the Earth’s core through heat conduction.b. release of radiant heat energy through volcanic activity.c. the Sun through electromagnetic radiation.d. the Moon through tides.
Both a and b produce heat energy, but not enough to warm the atmosphere of the earth.
![Page 7: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The energy source driving Earth’s weather comes from
a. the Earth’s core through heat conduction.b. release of radiant heat energy through volcanic activity.c. the Sun through electromagnetic radiation.d. the Moon through tides.
Solar Energy - reaches the Earth in the form of radiant energy, and makes up 99% of the energy received by the Earth.
![Page 8: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Earth’s surface mainly gives off (radiates) which form of energy?
a. Infrared lightb. Visible lightc. Ultraviolet lightd. The Earth’s surface does not give off energy
![Page 9: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Earth’s surface mainly gives off (radiates) which form of energy?
a. Infrared lightb. Visible lightc. Ultraviolet lightd. The Earth’s surface does not give off energy
Watch out for this one … you may think no energy is given off by the Earth’s surface, but that is not true.
![Page 10: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Earth’s surface mainly gives off (radiates) which form of energy?
a. Infrared lightb. Visible lightc. Ultraviolet lightd. The Earth’s surface does not give off energy
It is not emitting visible light … otherwise it would not appear dark at night.
![Page 11: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Earth’s surface mainly gives off (radiates) which form of energy?
a. Infrared lightb. Visible lightc. Ultraviolet lightd. The Earth’s surface does not give off energy
It is radiating HEAT or Infrared (IR) radiation that was previously absorbed from the sun.
![Page 12: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
About 70% of the Sun’s energy directed toward Earth is absorbed by the Earth’s surface, clouds, and atmosphere. What happens to the rest of the energy?
a. The energy is lost as it overcomes the Sun’s gravity.
b. The energy is reflected by clouds, water, and land back into space.
c. The energy is diminished as it travels through space.d. The energy is reflected by the Moon back
into space
![Page 13: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What happens to the rest of the energy?
a. The energy is lost as it overcomes the Sun’s gravity.
b. The energy is reflected by clouds, water, and land back into space.
c. The energy is diminished as it travels through space.d. The energy is reflected by the Moon back
into space
No way … the moon is too small.
![Page 14: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What happens to the rest of the energy?
a. The energy is lost as it overcomes the Sun’s gravity.
b. The energy is reflected by clouds, water, and land back into space.
c. The energy is diminished as it travels through space.d. The energy is reflected by the Moon back
into space
Need a reason for it to diminish.
![Page 15: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What happens to the rest of the energy?
a. The energy is lost as it overcomes the Sun’s gravity.
b. The energy is reflected by clouds, water, and land back into space.
c. The energy is diminished as it travels through space.d. The energy is reflected by the Moon back
into space
Of the Sun’s incoming energy, about 30% is reflected back to space.
![Page 16: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Weather is caused by the Sun’s energy warming the Earth’s surface unevenly. Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to this uneven warming?
a. Different surfaces warm at different rates.b. Different surfaces retain energy differently.c. The Sun is farther away during the winter.d. The Sun’s rays strike the surface at different angles depending on latitude.
![Page 17: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Weather is caused by the Sun’s energy warming the Earth’s surface unevenly. Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to this uneven warming?
a. Different surfaces warm at different rates.b. Different surfaces retain energy differently.c. The Sun is farther away during the winter.d. The Sun’s rays strike the surface at different
angles depending on latitude.
That is a common misconception … the sun is NOT farther away, the TILT of the earth is the reason for the seasons.
NOT
TRUE
TRUE
TRUE
![Page 18: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
More of the Sun’s energy is received at the Earth’s tropical regions than in the arctic regions because the tropical regions
a. are covered by a greater area of land.b. have more vegetation that absorbs the
Sun’s energy.c. have a thinner atmosphere than the polar
regions.d. receive sun rays closest to vertical.
![Page 19: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
More of the Sun’s energy is received at the Earth’s tropical regions than in the arctic regions because the tropical regions
a. are covered by a greater area of land.b. have more vegetation that absorbs the
Sun’s energy.c. have a thinner atmosphere than the polar
regions.d. receive sun rays closest to vertical.
Tropical regions (by the equator) receive more direct sunlight
NO
NOTNECESSARILY
NOWAY
![Page 20: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tropical regions (by the equator) receive more direct sunlight
![Page 21: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The following figure shows the angle of the sun’s rays hitting two different locations on the Earth’s surface. Which of the statements about the figure is most correct?
A
B
![Page 22: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
a. Area A = near the pole and Area B = near the equator. Warming of the Earth is more with Area B than Area A because Sun’s energy is spread over a wider area.b. Area A = near the pole and Area B = near the equator. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the atmosphere is thinner at the equator.c. Area A = near the equator and Area B = near the pole. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the atmosphere is thinner at the equator.d. Area A = near the equator and Area B = near the pole. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the Sun’s energy is concentrated within a smaller area.
A
B
Area A has to be near equator due to direct sunlight.
![Page 23: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
a. Area A = near the pole and Area B = near the equator. Warming of the Earth is more with Area B than Area A because Sun’s energy is spread over a wider area.b. Area A = near the pole and Area B = near the equator. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the atmosphere is thinner at the equator.c. Area A = near the equator and Area B = near the pole. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the atmosphere is thinner at the equator.d. Area A = near the equator and Area B = near the pole. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the Sun’s energy is concentrated within a smaller area.
A
B
Atmosphere is not thinner anywhere
![Page 24: Performance Benchmark E.12.A.1](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051316/56814589550346895db26ea0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
a. Area A = near the pole and Area B = near the equator. Warming of the Earth is more with Area B than Area A because Sun’s energy is spread over a wider area.b. Area A = near the pole and Area B = near the equator. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the atmosphere is thinner at the equator.c. Area A = near the equator and Area B = near the pole. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the atmosphere is thinner at the equator.d. Area A = near the equator and Area B = near the pole. Warming of the Earth is more with Area A than Area B because the Sun’s energy is concentrated within a smaller area.
A
B
This is the best choice.