Performance Based Navigation Experience from Real Implementations …€¦ · The Austrian PBN...
Transcript of Performance Based Navigation Experience from Real Implementations …€¦ · The Austrian PBN...
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Performance Based NavigationExperience from Real Implementations in Austria
Dr. Philipp Daniel SchaadHead of Instrument Flight Procedures Austro Control, Vienna/Austria
SDM PBN Workshop Brussels, October 2017
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A toolbox of possibilities
LNAV/VNAV Approach
RNP AR Approach
LPV Approach
RF Legs
PinS Procedures
The Austrian PBN story
it all started with the “premium product” RNP AR in 2005 in Innsbruck
terrain challenges as a driver for PBN
roll-out of PBN procedures started in Alpine environment
new applications found in noise abatement in Vienna
SBAS (EGNOS) provided new opportunities esp. for the GA community
first implementation of a PBN hybrid procedure in 2013
latest PBN developments aim at rotorcraft community (PinS)
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Aircraft equipage – challenge or driver?
Austrian PBN initiatives initially driven by operators with certain equipage (in that particular case, RNP AR capability)
roll-out of more PBN procedures caused concern in the lesser equipped fleets
downward compatibility is required (to what extend?)
in some cases compatibility issues conflict with NAV rationalization strategies (DME-DME for RNAV 1 ops, for instance)
sometimes there is a “chicken and egg” problem (lessons learned from GBAS)
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Aircraft operators – awareness is key
PBN nomenclature complex and not logical
charting titles confusing
training curricula not always reflecting PBN importance in procedure landscape
some procedures still limited in their user base (SBAS)
deeper understanding of procedure parameters required (e.g. geometric glide path vs. barometric, etc.)
approval process for AR procedures
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Great potential of PBN
accessibility (better procedure minima)
cost-saving for CNS (rationalization of ground-based NAVAID landscape)
track-mile reduction and noise abatement (improvements for operators)
availability (smaller regional airports can benefit from hardware-free 3D landing options like LPV200)
capacity (tighter route spacings and approach configurations can help improve airspace and airport capacity)
flexibility (route and procedure design less dependent on ground infrastructure)
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What we have done and are doing in Austria
RNP AR procedures in Innsbruck and Salzburg – pioneering role
RNAV 1 based SID/STAR environment in all our TMAs
early adoption of LPV and LPV200 (Linz, Graz and Vienna)
development of PinS procedures for HEMS rotorcraft operators
experimental RNP AR procedure for noise abatement and track mile reduction in Vienna
RNP AR departures for terrain critical environments
planned used of RF leg departures (non AR) for noise containment in Vienna
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Looking more closely at our PCP airport Vienna (LOWW)
LPV200 roll-out as Cat I precision approach option for GA (including extension of existing RNAV procedures to LPV200)
RNP AR for short roll-out curved approach to avoid populated areas
planned RF-leg overlay coding options for SIDs (flyable at pilots‘ discretion)
Multiple-Track Turn (MTT) study planned to achieve RF-emulation by non-RF aircraft
night SIDs for noise abatement after negotiation with mediation panel
Redesign of existing LNAV/VNAV procedure according new ICAO DOC 8168 (AMDT 6) for better minima
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Selling PBN
We have to be careful not to make unsustainable promises…
Examples:
1. track mile saving with RF leg overlays – initial response fromoperators is negative (turn at altitude coding oftentimes shorter)
2. noise footprint can only be condensed by RNP operations, thismay not always be wanted
3. PBN gives you better accessibility? Some SBAS implementation stories tell you otherwise
4. PBN procedures are still trade-offs between many factors, thisis not a perfect world!
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The Innbruck LOC R Approach – example of a hybrid procedure
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The idea is to use the very tight protection area for the LOCApproach, which goes below the RNP 0.3 protection in closevicinity of the the LOC station - green area can be disregarded!
Hybrid procedures
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Flight International
May 2014
Hybrid procedures – the future?
hybrid procedures can be a bridge between conventional navigation and PBN
would enable adaptive use of advanced procedures for different avionics equipage levels
ICAO has adopted hybrid concepts like RNP to ILS in their latest edition of PANS-OPS (amendment 7, applicable since November 2016)
ICAO DOC 9643 (Manual on Simultaneous Operations on Parallel or Near-Parallel Instrument Runways – SOIR) adopts hybrid concepts for the use in high-density environments
lack of standards in avionics mode change continues to be a challenge
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Thank you for your attention and interest!