Perfect Continous
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Transcript of Perfect Continous
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Before Something in the
PastThe Past Perfect expresses the ideathat something occurred beforeanother action in the past. It can also
show that something happened beforea specific time in the past.Examples:
1. I had never seen such a beautifulbeach before I went to Kauai.2. I did not have any money because Ihad lost my wallet.3. Tony knew Istanbul so well because
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Something in the Past(Non-Continuous Verbs)
With Non- Continous Verb andsome non-continuous uses ofMixedVerb, we use the Past Perfect to
show that something started in thepast and continued up until anotheraction in the past.
Examples:
1. We had had that car for ten yearsbefore it broke down.
2. B the time Alex finished his
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Times with the PastPerfect
Unlike with the Present Perfect, itis possible to use specific time wordsor phrases with the Past Perfect.
Although this is possible, it is usuallynot necessary.
Example:
1. She had visited her Japaneserelatives once in 1993 before shemoved in with them in 1996.
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MOREOVER
If the Past Perfect action did occur ata specific time, the Simple Past canbe used instead of the Past Perfect
when "before" or "after" is used inthe sentence. The words "before"and "after" actually tell you what
happens first, so the Past Perfect isoptional. For this reason, bothsentences below are correct.
Examples:
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HOWEVER
If the Past Perfect is not referring toan action at a specific time, PastPerfect is not optional. Compare the
examples below. Here Past Perfect isreferring to a lack of experiencerather than an action at a specific
time. For this reason, Simple Pastcannot be used.
Examples:
1. She never saw a bear before she
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ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show theplacement for grammar adverbssuch as: always, only, never, ever,
still, just, etc.
Examples:
1. You had previously studied Englishbefore you moved to New York.
2. Had you previously studied English
before you moved to New York?
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ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
1. George had repaired many cars
before he received his mechanic'slicense. (Active)
2. Many cars had been repaired by
George before he received hismechanic's license. (Passive)
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FORM
[has/have + been + presentparticiple]
Examples:1. You have been waiting here fortwo hours.
2. Have you been waiting here fortwo hours?
3. You have not been waiting here
for two hours.
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USE 1 Duration from thePast Until Now
We use the Present PerfectContinuous to show that somethingstarted in the past and has continued
up until now. "For five minutes," "fortwo weeks," and "since Tuesday" areall durations which can be used with
the Present Perfect Continuous. Examples:
1. They have been talking for the
last hour.
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USE 2 Recently, Lately
You can also use the Present PerfectContinuous WITHOUT a duration suchas "for two weeks." Without the
duration, the tense has a moregeneral meaning of "lately." We oftenuse the words "lately" or "recently"
to emphasize this meaning. Examples:
1. Recently, I have been feeling
really tired.
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on-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed
Verbs It is important to remember thatNon- Continous Verbs cannot beused in any continuous tenses. Also,
certain non-continuous meanings forMixed Verbs cannot be used incontinuous tenses. Instead of using
Present Perfect Continuous withthese verbs, you must use PresentPerfect.
Examples:
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ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show theplacement for grammar adverbssuch as: always, only, never, ever,
still, just, etc. Examples:
1. You have only been waiting here forone hour.
2. Have you only been waiting here forone hour?
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ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
1. Recently, John has been doing the
work.Active
2. Recently, the work has been beingdone by John. Passive
NOTE: Present Perfect Continuous isless commonly used in its passiveform.http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfectcontinuous.html